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Vol. 50 No. 3 926 939 (Mar. 2009) 1, 2 1 3 2 1 Web 2.0 OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS Web OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS Linux OSS OSS A Proposal of an Automatic Installation Manual Generation Method Using Operation Logs for Open Source Software Yukikazu Murakami, 1, 2 Nobuo Funabiki, 1 Hidekazu Tokunaga, 3 Kazuhiro Shigeta 2 and Toru Nakanishi 1 Recently, a variety of open source softwares (OSSes) have been developed and used as platforms of providing soft services in the Internet represented by Web 2.0. OSSes have advantages of the design openness, the low cost, and the high code quality. The source code of an OSS has been public through the Internet so that everybody can use and modify it freely. However, most OSSes have few good manuals, because they have usually been developed by volunteers. As a result, even the installation of important OSSes including Blog is very hard for its beginners, particularly when the installation requires complete installations of multiple OSS packages at the same time. In this paper, we propose a method of automatically generating an installation manual of an OSS based on the Web technology, so as to provide the manuals to OSS beginners. Our method first generates the individual installation manual of an OSS composed of the text manual and the image manual, by using the operation logs saved when a skilled person actually installed it. Then, it combines the set of manuals of the OSSes that are necessary to install an OSS. We have implemented the system based on our method on Linux and have conducted two experiments using installation manuals generated by this system. The comparisons with existing installation manuals show the superiority and the usefulness of our proposal. 1. Web 2.0 OSS OSS OSS OSS 1 OSS 1 1) OSS OSS 1 Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Takamatsu National College of Technology 3 Department of Electro-Mechanical Systems Engineering, Takamatsu National College of Technology 926 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan

927 Wiki SNS OSS OSS OSS OSS Web OSS OSS Windows Microsoft Office Linux CLI OSS OSS OSS Linux Linux OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS 2 3 4 5 6 7 2. 2.1 OSS 1 OSS OSS OSS 3 1 Fig. 1 Outline of automatic generation method of installation manual for OSS. 2.1.1 OSS OSS OSS OS PC PC Flash HTML root 2.1.2 Web HTML 2.1.3 Web

928 2.2 OSS OSS LAMP LAPP 2) OSS 2007 OSS 3) OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS OSS Web OSS OSS OSS OSS 3. 2.1 3 3.1 3.1.1 Script Script /etc/profile script script exit exit exit /tmp/log/ /yyyymmdd 2 Fig. 2 Storage of image logs. 3.1.2 4) PC OSS Pyvnc2swf 5) Pyvnc2swf vnc2swf.py edit.py play.py 3 Python VNC ShockwaveFlash SWF vnc2swf.py GUI CLI 2 CLI 2 vnc2swf.py.swf.html 2.html HTML javascript vnc2swf.py shape video vnc 3 edit.py SWF vnc 12

929 Fig. 3 3 sed Example of sed commands. Fig. 4 4 sed Example of conversions by sed commands. / 3.2 3.2.1 Script sed 3 (a) HTML 3(b) sed s s 3(c) 3(d) sed 4 3.2.2 OSS

930 PC Pyvnc2swf edit.py edit.py vnc2swf.py.vnc.swf.swf edit.py 1 2 3 1 2 4 5 4 5 6),7) POUSE 3.2.3 5 Fig. 5 Example of division of image logs. PC 3.3 3.3.1 OSS Web Internet Explorer 2

931 6 Fig. 6 Example of display of individual manuals. 6 3.3.2 OSS OSS OSS OSS Web Sleipnir 8) OSS 1 OSS OSS 3.4 OSS OSS Web 7 OSS Fig. 7 Concept of automatic composition technique of installation manual for OSS requiring installations of multiple OSS packages to be integrated together. MySQL+PHP+Apache 7 1 OSS Web 2 OSS OSS 3 OSS 4 Web OSS OSS Web Web Linux OSS

932 1 OSS Table 1 Difference of OSS installation environments. Linux 1 Linux 2 OSS 3 3.5 Linux / OSS OSS OSS 1 1 Linux 2 Linux 3 OSS 3 Linux OS OSS Linux Linux OSS 4. 4.1 1. OSS 2. HTML 3. Web 1. 2. OSS 3. 4. 5. Web 1 1 3 Web 4.2 OSS 5 Web OSS Tomcat JSP 9) HTML Crescent Eve 10) PC DELL INSPIRON 1501 CPU Athlon 2 1.7 GHz 2GHz

933 2 3 Table 2 Comparison of edition time between two methods. Table 3 Questions in preliminary questionnaire. 100.2 59 14 4.3 2 2 PC 35 38 75 10 HTML PC 5. OSS 1 OSS 2 5.1 1 1 OSS OSS 5.1.1 4 1 20 10 2 9) 2 3 1 10 F t 2 t(18) = 2.101 p =1 1. UNIX MS-DOS PC 2. UNIX OS LINUX FreeBSD 3. 4. JAVA 5. 6. PC 7. Web Web SNS 8. HTML CSS 9. PC 10. 8 0.48 11) 5.1.2 PC DELL DIMENTION3100C CPU CeleronD 2.8 GHz 1GHz OS Windows XP Professional OS VmPlayer VmPlayer Vine-Linux 4.2 OS Vine-Linux 4.2 OSS Linux Windows VMware Linux Web OSS Tomcat JSP 9) Linux 10 4 40

934 Table 5 5 1 Comparison of task completion time in Test No.1. 11 50 15 30 18 29 19 16 19 14 22 30 28 9 30 20 37 47 Fig. 8 8 Correlation between task completion time and points in questionnaires. Table 6 6 Comments of examinees in questionnaires. Table 4 4 1 Comparison of numbers of students who completed tasks in Test No.1. 7 3 2 8 Tomcat JSP 5.1.3 (1) 2 4 4 p =0.069 (2) 5 20 11 37 (3) 6 Tomcat JSP

935 5.1.4 5 22 30 2 20 5.2 2 2 OSS 1 5.2.1 1 5.2.2 PC 1 OSS Apache PHP MySQL XOOPS 4 OSS OSS XOOPS OSS 12) 5.2.3 (1) 7 p =0.17 2 (2) 2 2 1 2 9 1 1 2 2 9 1 2 Fig. 9 Table 7 7 2 Comparison of numbers of students who completed tasks in Test No.2. 6 4 2 8 9 Change of number of students who completed tasks depending on used manuals. 1 2 (3) (2) NEM 13),14) NEM NEM OSS 1 OSS PC 1 1 10 11 9 10 5 11 4

936 Fig. 10 10 Comparison of operation time (between conventional manual and expert user). 12 NE Fig. 12 Comparison of NE ratios. TN TE NE 16 18 NE 16 3 18 8 Fig. 11 11 Comparison of operation time (between proposed manual and expert user). GUI 12 NE NE NE = TN TE (4) 8 9 1 5 3 OSS 2

937 Table 8 1 2 3 4 5 8 Questions to examinees in questionnaire. 9 Table 9 Result to questionnaire in Table 8. 1 2 3 4 5 3.9 3.8 2.8 3.9 4.1 3.2 3 2.7 3.3 3 5 4 3 2 1 4 6. Linux PC X 15). IT 16) 2 Microsoft MSAA Microsoft Active Accessibility Linux OSS 17) OSS 18) Windows Mac Linux 3 OS OSS Screen Motion3 19) SOFT SIMULATOR 20) ViewletBuilder5 21) OSS Windows Linux OSS ViewletBuilder5 21) 16) 22),23) Linux OSS 10 Linux

938 Table 10 10 Comparison of functions between two studies and proposal. Viewlet Linux OSS 7. OSS OSS Linux OSS OSS OSS 1) OSS (2005). 2) SE (2007). 3) 2006 OSS 3 OSS (2007). 4) Screencast. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/screencast 5) vnc2swf Screen Recorder. http://www.unixuser.org/ euske/vnc2swf/ 6) Vol.J89-D, No.6, pp.1269 1278 (2006). 7) Vol.J91-D, No.2, pp.368 376 (2008). 8) Sleipnir. http://www.fenrir.co.jp/sleipnir/ 9) JAVA HelloWorld JSP http://www.hellohiro.com/jsp.htm 10) Crescent Eve. http://www.kashim.com/eve/ 11) (1992). 12) XOOPS LINUX http://kisa.homeip.net/wiki 13) (2003). 14) Kurosu, H.M. and Sato, D.: A new data collection method for usability testing nem: Novice expert ratio method, Usability Professionals Association Conference 2002 Humanizing Design, Posters (2002). 15) X Vol.94-CE, No.32, pp.9 16 (1994). 16) Vol.J91-D, No.2, pp.269 279 (2008). 17) Vol.J88-D-I, No.1, pp.45 55 (2005). 18) Vol.J91-D, No.2, pp.152 165 (2008). 19) Screen Motion 3. http://www.mswave.co.jp/ 20) SOFT SIMULATOR. http://www.patolis.co.jp/products/system/softsimulator/ 21) ViewletBuilder5. http://www.webdemo.co.jp/vb5/ 22) (2005). 23) (2002). ( 20 5 27 ) ( 20 12 5 )

939 9 15 Web ACM 59 3 6 7 12 13 17 Web IEEE 63 9 12 14 19 7 10 12 15 17 18 19 61 5 17 Web

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