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Impact of the New System of Residence Management Characteristics and Problems of the Revised Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act KUSAKA Michitsune RINK key words: immigration control act, system of residence management, foreigner The policy of residence control on foreigners by the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (Immigration Law), and the Alien Registration Law, implemented since 1952, has been drastically changed. In July 2009, the Diet passed bills to abolish the Alien Registration Law and revise the Immigration Law and the Residential Basic Book Act, as a pillar of the New System of Residence Management aimed to strengthen state control over foreigners. The revision of the laws was in response to criticism that the dual administrative structure for the immigration control through the Immigration Law and the Alien Registration Law had loopholes, including the facts that undocumented foreign residents are able to obtain alien registration cards, in addition to the difficulties for the Immigration Bureau to immediately grasp the latest personal information of foreign residents which is the basis of residential status. The residence control based on the Alien Registration Law had been weakened in 1980 s because of the nationwide struggle to reject fingerprinting particularly among Korean and Chinese residents when they renewed their alien registration cards. As a result of the foreign residents movement to promote their rights, the residence control system in Japan has been changed. This paper tries to clarify the changes of residence control system of foreigners and to point out the problems of 2009 revision of the related laws. 139