30 2015 1-22 2014/11/25 2015/03/11 * Report on the Field Survey for the Memorial Matters from the 1923 Great Kanto Earthquake at Minami-Ashigara City in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Masayuki TAKEMURA Disaster Mitigation Research Center, Nagoya Univ., Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan Many memorial towers and monuments have been constructed for the heavy toll of life and for the restoration of villages or cities in Southern Kanto districts. Death claimed a toll of about 105,000 totally from the 1923 Great Kanto earthquake. These towers and monuments must be forever witnesses to the tragedy of the earthquake damage and spokesmen for the dying victims dying wish don t repeat such damages. However, most of them have been already forgotten by the citizens. We thought its sacrilege and must use them for the public education of earthquake disaster prevention. This manuscript is a report on the field survey for the memorial matters from the Great Kanto Earthquake at Minami-Ashigara City in Kanagawa Prefecture. Keywords: Memorial Tower, Great Kanto Earthquake, Minami-Ashigara City., 1923,. 2010, [ (2010)]., 2011,, [ (2011)]., 2012 23 [ (2012)]. 2013 [ (2013a, b)]. 2014 [ (2014a,b)], [ (2014)]., 2014 4 8 4 15-17., ( ),. (2000)., Web 2012. 10., (2012), 6,., (2003) 5.. * 464-0029 : takemura.masayuki@b.mbox.nagoya-u.ac.jp - 1 -
2. 4,. 4.,,,,.,,,,.,. (2006),, 1922 11, 1925 14 (2008). 1 Table 1 Summary of damages for old municipalities in Minami-Ashigara City area.,, 74,. 1 (2002, 2004),. 10%, 6., 7.,, 39, 28,,,,. Fig.1 Map of the survey area in Minami-Ashigara City. - 2 -
3. 1. 18, 23, 1632 9, 1703 16.,,,, 5... (2000),. 3-1. (1) 400m. 2,. (2000) 4, 9,. 1,..,. 2 牌 Fig.2 Giko-Jizo and the mortuary tablet for victims at Sainen-ji Temple in Numata.. 6 1930.,,. 16 牌 2. 16,. 1., 牌. (2) 1km 2845.,. - 3 -
. 100m.., 7, 3. 3 Fig.3 Memorial tower by the road side at Tsukahara erected for the soul of victims. (2000) 2780 (2000). 4 Fig.4 Memorial tower of the recovery for Tennoin Temple in Tsukada. (3) 1km. 74. 1972 47,., 4. - 4 -
19 17,.., (2000). (4) 1.5km. 3543.,., 3. 3, 1919 8, 1932 7 5 Fig.5 Memorial tower for a killed horse by the earthquake at Tsukahara-Shrine.., 5. (2000).. 3-2. (1) 400.., 6.,.., 1994. 1632 9,., - 5 -
6 Fig.6 Memorial Tower for Hayato Shimoda at Ryufuku-ji Temple in Sekimoto..,.,. 2.,, 1660 3,.,,,, 3 12 23,,. 1922 11,. 2012., 1922 11, (1983),,. (2) 400m 957., 74.. 3,. 7 Fig.7 Memorial tower for a killed horse by the earthquake at the house of Mr. Komiya in Sekimoto.., ( 7).,. (3),. 100m. 510, 8.,.,., - 6 -
.,, 1981 56. 鍳,. 8 Fig.8 Memorial tower of Keitoku Fountain in Iizawa (4). 300m 4 2. 2 9.., 1941 16.. 薩 9 Fig. 9 Memorial Tower of Kahyo Gate at Sando 3-chome.,,. 1864, 薩.,.,.,,. (5),. - 7 -
10 (2011) Fig.10 Map of the area of Saijo-ji Temple (2011).,., 1394., 薩., 薩.., 薩,, 杖,.,,. 10. 20 11. 11 Fig.11 Memorial tower for the recovery of Eight Tengu pictures in front of Sanmen-Daikoku Temple. - 8 -
62, 3,. 10, 9, 18 薩 17, 20. 2 1, 2, 3, 4,,. 11 12 12 Fig.12 Stone steps 1 st for Sanmen-Daikoku Temple. 13 5 14 7 8 34 13 摺 200 27 5-9 -
13 Fig.13 Sanmen-Daikoku Temple and stone steps 3 rd for Okunoin Temple. 14 33 6 8 5 54 1 1., 1978 53, 1924 13 6 1933 8 5,. (2011), 1898 31.. 1914 3 17,,.,,.. 1915 4,,,. 1920 9. 1923 12 9 1,,.,., (2010)., 1924 13 6 136, 1933 8 5. 1988 63 89,., 55 4.,, 10.. 14. 14 Fig.14 Memorial tower of newly constructed Aioi-Bridge in 1925 at Saijo-ji Temple. - 10 -
,., (2011)..,.,,.,. 4. 3-3. (1) 1.5km. 78,.. 78., 15. 擢 賭 稗 6,,.,,,. 15 Fig.15 Memorial Tower for Gennosuke Mihashi in Daisho-ji Temple in Takematsu. (2) 1.8km. 74, - 11 -
16 Fig.16 Memorial tower for the recovery from earthquake damages by the road side in Nuda. 1361. 50m 2818 16. 撰 鎫 1 2 9 3 2 6 19., 18, 1,,..,,.,, - 12 -
,,,. 1925 14 9, 1927 2 4 1.,. 1879 12 1, 1924 13., 1954 29 11.... 17 Fig.17 Memorial Tower for Jitsutaro Ichikawa at Keiden-ji Temple in Nuda. (3) 叉. 300m. 17.. (56) 9(11)(9) (5) (5) (1)(1) 11 1 撰 2 18 Fig.18 A tomb stone for a victim by the earthquake at Shumei-ji Temple in Nuda. (4) 叉 300m... 18..,. - 13 -
.., (1926).. 19 Fig.19 Memorial Tower of Bunmei-Waterway at Fukuzawa Shrine in Nuda. (5),.., 19.,,,,, 逢 僅 撰 1 11 2 39 2 11 辻 6.. 1928 3 7 5 1933 8 3.,.,,., 1707 4,,, (2015)., 1932 7 10,. - 14 -
3-4. (1),. 20. 20 Fig.20 Memorial tower for the recovery of Kosaiji Waterway near Ashigara shrine in Karino. 晦 梗 撰 1 3 3 2 2 15 4 2 2 2 3 14 7 5 4 21 5 22 6 20 7 1., 撰,,., 1928 3.,.,. 21 Fig.21 Kosaiji Waterway in present - 15 -
8,. 7, 1856 3., 1854. 1923 12 70. 6 (2013). 1 6.,. 1924 13 2 1926 15 8 2,,., 21. 2011 23,,.... (2), 5. 150m, 23.. 23 Fig.23 Memorial tower for the recovery of Kawairi Waterway by the road side at Karinohara. 22 Fig.22 The main hall of Ashigara Shrine in Karino, ( 22)., 1969 34..,,, 1703,, 1780 ),, 1866 梗 堵 - 16 -
撰 8 20 21 撰.,.., 6 1859, (2013),. 1854,,.,.,,., 9 10. 56. 24 Fig.24 Kitazawa River and Kogetsuin-Temple (3) 726,..,, 24. 1703 16, [2013 ]. 16 11,,, 17 2 2, 迄,., (2013). (4) 726.,., 25. - 17 -
25 Fig.25 Memorial Tower for the recovery of Kita-Ashigawa Village by the road side in Uchiyama. 皕 梗 撰 1 7 4 2 18 3 2 11 7 4 10 8 5 13 5 6 6 3 8 7 5 7 8 14-18 -
20, 58, 13,,,,.,,,,,,,.,,.,,,,..,,.,,.. 56, 29., 1..,. 4. (1999), 1603 8,,,,.,,. 1703 16, 4 1707 4,,., 1726 11,.,,,, 㝢.,,.. 21, 1909 42 11..,,.,, 1876 9.,,., 1889 22.,.,,.., 1924 13 (1927).,,,, 1933 8.. 1989,,,.,.., 2.,,,, - 19 -
.., 2. 1927 2., 57 1 6,,.,. 1936 11 7, 1964 39 2 11, (1989). 辻,.,,.,.,,,,..,,,,, 2 Table 2 Name list of persons concerned to the recovery of Waterways and Villages written on the memorial towers - 20 -
,. 1899 32, 1900 33,,,,.,... 2 4.,., 撰.,,,, 3..,, 3.,. 5,,.,,.,,.,,,,, 4. 1900 33, 1919 8, 1923 12, 1923 12.,..,,.,,,. 5.,..,,,,..,,.,,.,,, 牌.,.. JSPS 25350496 1923, 1989,,, - 21 -
3, 1-18., 1999,,, 30, 33-40., 2011,, 40pp., 1994,,, 6, 1-12., 2000,,, 38, 96-102.,,. http://www.kanagawa-jinja.or.jp/search_dtl.p hp4?jid=939&cd=1210176&scd=&npg=0, 2003, 80, 112pp., 1978,,, 8, 34pp., 1979,,, 9, 36pp., 1980,,, 10, 72pp., 1982,,, 12, 44pp., 1984,,, 14, 72pp., 1985,,, 15, 74pp., 1988,,, 17, 74pp., 2002, 1923 9,, 2 3, 35-71., 2004, (1923 9 1,, 4 4, 21-45., 1983,,, 21, 75-76., 1927,,, 147pp., 2013, 1703, 286pp., 1930,, 485pp., 2012. http://www.onken.odawara.kanagawa.jp/modu les/study/index.php/sekihi/sekihitop.html, 2008,,, 302pp., 2009,,, 209pp., 2011,,, 26, 1-14., 2012,,, 328pp., 2013a,,, 28, 1-17., 2013b,,, No. 10, 2-53., 2014a,,, 29, 1-17., 2014b,,, 29, 17-49., 2010,,, 25, 91-100.,2014, 1, 25 (25350496), 100pp., 2015,, 3., 1926,,, 100, 136-143., 2012,,, 篇, 147pp., 2013, 599-2012,, 694pp., 2006,, 1056pp. - 22 -