Movement of Population and Structure of 'Buraku' in the Edo Period Akira FUKUYAMA Section of Economics, Osaka Kyoiku University, Kashiwara, Osaka 582, Japan That goes without saying now, historical study of 'Kinsei Buraku' is necessary for solution of distinction by rank in Japan. This article is a case study of Tonda mura, Ishikawa gun, Kawachi province in the Edo period. In this village that was subsidiary to Shindo mura, an increase in population was remarkable. The high rate of a growth of population was owing to natural increase. It was attended with differentiation of social stratum. The causes of an increase in population and many lower classes residence were religious faith, ways of inheritance and occupation, and so on. At the same time, social condition and economic capacity of the region or similar villages must be taken into consideration. Key Words : 'K insei Buraku' feuda 1 distinction by rank, subsi diary village