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3-2 Study for Far-infrared and Faint Iight Detection Technology FUJIWARA Mikio, AKIBA Makoto, and SASAKI Masahide To realize a sensitive photodetector, cooling down the device is a effective way because of reducing thermal noise and dark current. Recent space observation satellites have liquid- Helium cooled detectors. We focus on far-infrared region, in which there are many important research fields. To our knowledge, we are the first to successfully report a direct hybrid twodimensional detector array in the far-infrared region. Moreover, we are trying to develop an ultra-sensitive photodetector for the application in quantum information field by using cryogenic technology. Far-infrared detector, Cryogenic temperature, Two-dimensional array, Detection of faint light 47

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f f C. A. Beichman, "The IRAS View of the Galaxy and the Solar System", Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophysics, 35, 521-563, 1987. D. M. Mittleman, R. H. Jacobsen, and M. C. Nuss, "T-ray Imaging", IEEE J. Sel Topics Quantum Electron, 2, 679-692, 1996. M. Hermann, M. Tani, K. Sakai, and R. Fukasawa, "Terahertz imaging of silicon wafers", J. Appl. Phys. 91 (3), 1247-1250, 2002. P. R. Bratt, "Impurity germanium and silicon infrared detector" in Semiconductors and Semimetals, R. K. Willardson and A. C. Beer, eds. (Academic Press, New York, 1997), pp. 33-142. M. Fujiwara, "Development of far-infrared Ge:Ga photoconductor having a longitudinal configuration," Appl. 52 50 1/2 2004

Phys. Lett. 77, 3099-3101, 2000. E. T. Young, J.T. Davis, C.L. Thompson, G.H. Rieke, G. Rivlis, R.Shchnurr, J. Cadien, L. Davidson, G. S. Winters, and K. A. Kormos, "Far-infrared imaging array for SIRTF," in Infrared Astronomical Instrumentation, A.M. Fowler eds,. Proc. SPIE 3354, 57-65, 1998. M. Fujiwara, T. Hirao, M. Kawada, H. Shibai, S. Matsuura, H. Kanneda, M. Patrashin, and T. Nakagawa, "Development of a gallium-doped germanium far-infrared photoconductor direct hybrid two-dimensional array," Appl. Opt. Vol. 42, No. 12, 2166-2173, 2003. E. Waks, K. Inoue, W. D. Oliver, E. Diamanti, and Y. Yamamoto, "High efficiency photon number detection for quantum information processing," quant-ph/0308054v1, 2003. A. J. Miller, S. W. Nam, J. M. Martinis, and A. V. Sergienko, "Demonstration of a low-noise near-infrared photon counter with multiphoton discrimination," Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 83, No. 4, 791-793, 2003. T. Hirao, Y. Hibi, M. Kawada, H. Nagata, H. Shibai, T. Watabe, M. Noda, and T. Nakagawa, "Cryogenic readout electronics with silicon P-MOSFETs for the infrared astronomical satellite, ASTRO-F," Advances in Space Research, 2002. R. K. Kirschman and J. A. Lipa, "Further evaluation of GaAs FETs for cryogenic readout," in Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation, W.H. Makky eds,. Proc. SPIE 1946, 350-364, 1993. K. Kandiah, "Random telegraph signal currents and low-frequency noise in junction field effect transistors," IEEE trans. Elec. Dev. Vol. ED-41, No. 11, 2006-2015, 1994. M. Fujiwara, M. Sasaki, and M. Akiba, "Reduction method for low-frequency noise of GaAs junction field effect transistor at a cryogenic temperature," Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 80, No. 10, 1844-1846, 2002. 53

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