ｨ 0906 ﾂｨｪ ｨｮｨｺ ｨｰ0906: Mandriva Linux ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｹ 2005 Copyright Mandriva NeoDoc (http:

13050708ｨ 0906 ﾂｨｪ0602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 Mandriva Linux 2006 http://www.mandriva.com

13050708ｨ 0906 ﾂｨｪ0602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906: Mandriva Linux 2006 0207ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ06 0807080205ｨｹ 2005 Copyright 08 2005 Mandriva NeoDoc (http://www.neodoc.biz)camille Bｨｦgnis, Christian Roy, Fabian Mandelbaum, Roberto Rosselli del Turco, Marco De Vitis, Alice Lafox, John Rye, Wolfgang Bornath, Funda Wang, Patricia Pichardo Bｨｦgnis, Debora Rejnharc Mandelbaum, Mickael Scherer, Jean-Michel Dault, Lunas Moon, Cｨｦline Harrand, Fred Lepied, Pascal Rigaux, Thierry Vignaud, Giuseppe Ghibｨｰ, Stew Benedict, Francine Suzon, Indrek Madedog Triipus, Nicolas Berdugo, Thorsten Kamp, Fabrice Facorat, Xiao Ming, Snature, Guylhem Aznar, Pavel Maryanov, Annie Tｨｦtrault, Aurelio Marinho Jargas, Felipe Arruda, Marcia Gawlak Hoshi, Bob Rye, Jean-Luc Borie, Roberto Patriarca 0708ｨｨ01ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ0602 04ｨ ｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 ｨｮ09050609ｨｨ07ｨｬ, ｨｨ0405060302ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 09 Open Publication License, 09020809ｨｨｨｨ 1.0 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 06050202 07060401ｨｪ02ｨｦ (070609050201ｨｪ0707 09020809ｨｨ07 070609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 opencontent.org (http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/)). 6ｦ1 05ｨ 070802ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ04ｨｪｨｪ0402 09020809ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰ060006 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨ 0204 0709ｨｪ06 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｪ060006 08ｨ 0408020302ｨｪｨｨ07 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ060809ｨｺｨｨ01 0708ｨ 09. 6ｦ1 05ｨ 070802ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 020006 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｪ0401 09 09ｨｨ0102(ｨ ｨｮｨｬｨ 03ｨｪ0401) ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00 0506ｨ 060006 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ060006 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨ ｨ 0204 0708020109ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ060006 08ｨ 0408020302ｨｪｨｨ07, 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ060006 06ｨｰ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ060809ｨｺｨｨ01 0708ｨ 09. 0809ｨｰ060809ｨｺ0602 0708ｨ 0906 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 07020802090601 0708ｨｨｨｪｨ 01050203ｨｨｨｰ Alice Lafox (mailto:alice@lafox.net) ｨｨ 03ｨ 0905ｨｮ 00ｨ 08ｨｹ07ｨｪ0609ｨｮ (mailto:jack@lafox.net). 0308ｨｨ 090609070806ｨｨ0409020102ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, 01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰ060006 07020802090601ｨ 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ06080609 07020802090601ｨ 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ. ｰMandriva ｱ ｨｨ ｰDrakX ｱ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 04ｨ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ060800060904ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬｨ 08ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 050108 ｨｨ/ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨ 01. 050606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 05060006ｨｰｨｨ07 ｰStar logo ｱ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 04ｨ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ. 0809ｨｰ060809ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨ 09ｨ 04ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｴ02ｨｪ04. 000902 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨ 09ｨｰ060809ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨ 09ｨ, 04ｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ02, 0609ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ0907 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 090906ｨｨ01 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ020209. 03020802090601 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ0909ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 070404ｨｺ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0402 0002ｨｪｨｰ08ｨ 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ060006 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ060006 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07Lafox.Net (http://lafox.net). 02ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ02 070208020906010609 0106 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 09020809ｨｨｨｨ 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 2002 000601ｨ. 0806ｨｬｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 0706030205ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090507ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0102 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ (mailto:docteam@lafox.net). 08ｨ ｨｺ 09060401ｨ 09ｨ 050609ｨｹ 05ｨｰ06 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 06ｨｰ06 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 ｨ 040506 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 07060101020803ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｦ NeoDoc (http://www.neodoc.biz). 0302080209060104 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｦ NeoDoc, Mandriva ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07020802090601 ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ 09 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02 DocBook XML. 020507 ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 09060906ｨｺｨｮ07ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 09090201 04ｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 07080602ｨｺｨｰ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ060006 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｪｨｰｨ Borges (C3S) (http://sourceforge.net/projects/borges-dms). 0609010601ｨｪ0402 XML-00ｨ ｨｦ0504 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 xsltproc ｨｨ jadetex (010507 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09020809ｨｨｨｨ) 09 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09020809ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ02 09ｨｰｨｨ0502ｨｦ 010608ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨ 07060503ｨ (Norman Walsh). 05ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｺｨｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ04 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ xwd ｨｨ05ｨｨ GIMP ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ090208ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ convert (ｨｨ04 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ImageMagick). 000902 05ｨｰｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 0709050706ｨｰ0907 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ06 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ0902 Mandriva Linux.

13050601020803ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 03080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02............................................................................................ 1 1. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 Mandriva Linux.................................................................... 1 1.1. 05090704ｨｹ 09 090606ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ Mandriva Linux...................................................... 1 1.2. 0009ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 09 0805ｨｮｨ!.......................................................................... 1 1.3. 03060107ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ Mandriva Online.............................................................. 2 1.4. 0308ｨｨ06ｨ 0802ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07080601ｨｮｨｺｨｰ0609 Mandriva.........................................................2 1.5. 05060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 Mandriva Linux................................................................ 2 2. 02ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 050708ｨ 0906 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0902................................................................. 2 3. 0308ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ............................................................................ 3 4. 05060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ0002...........................................................4 4.1. 05060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608ｨｮ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ.............................................................. 4 4.2. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 09060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07...................................................................... 5 I. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ Linux............................................................................ 7 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03................................................................ 7 1.1. 030605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704.....................................................................7 1.2. 0209ｨｪ060904 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ..................................................................9 1.3. 0308060202090904.................................................................................. 11 1.4. 0808ｨ ｨｰｨｺ0602 0909020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ.................................................... 11 2. 02ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020504................................................................................. 17 2.1. 05ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 030409ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ................................................................ 17 2.2. 05060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0708ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 08ｨ 040102050609........................................... 19 3. 020800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0102080209ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609...................................................................... 21 3.1. 04ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ0402/ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ0402, 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02/07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402.......................... 21 3.2. 080608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600: /....................................................................... 21 3.3. /usr: 07080609ｨｰ06 090605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600.............................................................22 3.4. /var: 0604ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402............................................. 23 3.5. /etc: 0806ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504.......................................................... 23 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux.......................................................................... 25 4.1. 0508ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ.................................................. 25 4.2. 000904 0709050702ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ...................................................................... 27 4.3. 05090405ｨｺｨｨ.................................................................................... 29 4.4. ｰ08ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪ0402 ｱ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504............................................. 30 4.5. 05070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504: 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 ｨｨ ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ............................ 31 4.6. 05ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ. 020008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｰ030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨ01 ｱ 0909040506ｨｺ................................. 32 4.7. 08ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609......................................................................... 33 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc.......................................................................... 35 5.1. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 07080602020909ｨ 01.................................................................. 35 5.2. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06ｨ ｨ 0707ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ................................................. 36 5.3. 02ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ080609 070108ｨ............................................... 40 II. Linux ｨｨ04ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ........................................................................................41 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07........................................................41 6.1. 0308ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ0704................................................................................. 41 6.2. 04ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨ 030209ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ, 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ 040102050609..................................... 43 6.3. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 mount ｨｨ umount................................................................ 43 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ.................................................................... 47 7.1. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609............................................................... 47 7.2. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609...........................................................49 7.3. 01ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ04 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 07080602020909060802.......................................... 51 7.4. 03020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504............................................................... 51 7.5. 05ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ............................................................ 53 7.6. 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ 0006ｨｪ06090401 070806020209090609: ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ...........................54 7.7. 05ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 0905060906.................................................................... 55 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI.............................................................. 57 8.1. Emacs..................................................................................... 57 8.2. Vi: 0708020106ｨｺ................................................................................. 60 8.3. 05ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 0905060906...................................................................... 64 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ...................................................................... 65 9.1. 02070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ07....................................................... 65 iii

139.2. find: 0306ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0706 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬ.......................................... 70 9.3. 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 0706 08ｨ 0907ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06.............................................................72 9.4. 080801ｨｨ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401........................................................74 9.5. 090605ｨｹ0302, 000608ｨ 040106 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302.................................................................... 76 10. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ......................................................................... 77 10.1. 0306010806ｨ ｨｪ0202 06 07080602020909ｨ 01................................................................... 77 10.2. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 07080602020909ｨ 01: ps ｨｨ pstree.....................................................77 10.3. 02ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 050609 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ: kill, killall ｨｨ top........................................... 78 10.4. 0709ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ0609 010507 070806020209090609: nice, renice....................................... 79 11. 05ｨ 0008ｨｮ0406 ﾂｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504: init sysv................................................................... 81 11.1. 00 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0502 ｨ 0405 init......................................................................... 81 11.2. 07080609ｨｪｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07...................................................................... 81 12. 0902040607ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮ01ｨ 0504ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07.................................................................. 85 12.1. 01ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ 090208090208ｨ SSH.................................................................. 85 12.2. 01ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ ｨｺ05ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨ SSH.................................................................. 85 12.3. 02ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 0506ｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0504ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ...............................86 13. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ..................................................... 87 13.1. 0709ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609........................................................... 87 13.2. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ................................................................ 87 13.3. 05060902ｨｰ04 ｨｨ 07060109ｨｺｨ 04ｨｺｨｨ...................................................................... 88 A. 0105060909ｨ 08ｨｨｨｦ............................................................................................91 03080201ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ.............................................................................. 111 iv

130507ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ02 4-1. 09ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04.................................................................. 26 v

13vi

1303080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02 1. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 Mandriva Linux Mandriva Linux - 05ｨｰ06 01ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ09 GNU/Linux, 07060101020803ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｦ Mandriva S.A., ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 080601ｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ 09 06ｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰ02 09 1998 000601ｨｮ. 0105ｨ 09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0202 020205ｨｹ06 ｨ 040506 ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ0907 070802010609ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07080609ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ030209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 GNU/Linux. 020902 0607060804 Mandriva - 05ｨｰ06 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ0402 ｨｨ09010601ｨｪ0402 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ04 ｨｨ 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪｨ 07 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ. 7 0006 ｨ 0708020507 2005 000601ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 Mandrakesoft 09ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ05ｨ 09090604 ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｪｨ Mandriva, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨｰ08ｨ 04ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09090604 0905ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｦ Conectiva ｨｨ04 0908ｨ 04ｨｨ05ｨｨｨｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ 07080601ｨｮｨｺｨｰ Mandriva - Mandrakelinux - 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 Mandriva Linux. 1.1. 05090704ｨｹ 09 090606ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ Mandriva Linux 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 06ｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰ-09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 080209ｨｮ080904, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 Mandriva Linux. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0706ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ Mandriva, 04ｨ ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 03 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ (http://www. mandriva.com/). 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 04ｨ 000507ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ 01ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ09ｨ Mandriva Linux (http://www. mandrivalinux.com/) ｨｨ 0909020006, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0907. Mandriva Expert (http://www.mandrivaexpert.com/) - 05ｨｰ06 0705ｨ ｨｰ000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 07060101020803ｨｺｨｨ 06ｨｰ Mandriva. 02ｨｪｨ 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ 0706010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 060704ｨｰ06ｨｬ, 0609ｨｪ06090409ｨ 0709ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0106090208ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 090604ｨｪｨ 0008ｨ 030102ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 04ｨ ｨｨ01 09060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｬ 09ｨ 09 07060107ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ 0909040506ｨｺ (http://www.mandriva.com/en/ community/resources/newsgroups), 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 090606ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906 Mandriva Linux 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09090606 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 070806ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ. 0102 04ｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹｨｰ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 04ｨ 000507ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｮ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ (http://www.mandriva.com/security). 01ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0906ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ04 090902 ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨ 0504, ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ020907 ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ090609 Mandriva Linux. 05010209ｨｹ 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 09060902ｨｰ04 0706 ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 070806020201ｨｮ0804 0706 06ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ06 070108ｨ, 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ 0909040506ｨｺ 0706 ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07060107ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｨ Mandriva Online (https://online.mandriva.com). 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 080209ｨｮ0809 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090904, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0506ｨ 06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｮ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506, 04ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020802090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09090602ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 1.2. 0009ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 09 0805ｨｮｨ! Mandriva 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ09ｨｨ050200ｨｨｨｦ ﾂ02080204 090906ｨｦ Mandriva Club (http://club. mandriva.com): 6ｦ1 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺ060006 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ060006 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07, 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ060006 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 ｨｺ060806ｨ 06 ﾂｨｪ0401 09020809ｨｨ0701, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0108ｨ ｨｦ09020804 06ｨ 0608ｨｮ010609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07, freeware ｨｨ 0102ｨｬ06-09020809ｨｨｨｨ; 6ｦ1 0708ｨ 0906 0006050609ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06090602 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ0602 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ﾂ02080204 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 00060506090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ RPM ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ 0806090605ｨｹｨｪ0401 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ 01; 6ｦ1 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ ｨ 06050202 ﾂ02ｨｬ 50 000 RPM-07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609 010507 09090201 01ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ090609 Mandriva Linux; 6ｦ1 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｺｨｨ0106ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 07080601ｨｮｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｮ0905ｨｮ00ｨｨ 09 Mandriva Store (http://store.mandriva.com); 6ｦ1 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ 05ｨｺ09ｨｺ050604ｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ 040208ｨｺｨ 05, 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ﾂ0502ｨｪ0609 0805ｨｮｨ ｨ ; 6ｦ1 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 000608ｨｮｨｬ0609 ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 070404ｨｺｨ 01. 6ｦ1 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ 09ｨ 0402 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ (https://club.mandriva.com/xwiki/bin/view/kb) Mandriva - wiki-09ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｮ, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 ｨｰ02ｨｬ04: ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 0904ｨ ｨｨｨｬ060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02, 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ02ｨｨ090708ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02; 6ｦ1 ﾂｨ ｨｰ 09 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ Mandriva Linux 09 Club Chat (https://www.mandrivaclub.com/user.php?op= clubchat); 6ｦ1 070609040302ｨｪｨｨ02 090906ｨｨ01 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ GNU/Linux 09 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 ｨｺｨｮ08090609 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ060006 06ｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｰ Mandriva (http:// etraining.mandriva.com) 1

1303080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02 08ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ08ｨｮ07 Mandriva ﾂ02080204 Mandriva Club, 0904 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨｺ05ｨ 01 09 ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ09ｨ Mandriva Linux ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ0600ｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 070802010609ｨｰｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｮ06 05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｮ06 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 GNU/Linux-09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 1.3. 03060107ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ Mandriva Online Mandriva 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 010507 07060101020803ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 09 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09 ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, 06ｨ 02080200ｨ 07 0204 06ｨｰ 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｮ070409ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ 09 ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 03060902ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ Mandriva Online (https://online.mandriva.net/), ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｮ0905ｨｮ0002. 1.4. 0308ｨｨ06ｨ 0802ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07080601ｨｮｨｺｨｰ0609 Mandriva 030605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ Mandriva Linux ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 0708ｨｨ06ｨ 080209ｨｰｨｨ 07080601ｨｮｨｺｨｰ04 09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 06ｨｪ05ｨ ｨｦｨｪ060906ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰ-ｨｬｨ 00ｨ 04ｨｨｨｪ02 Mandriva Store (http://store.mandriva.com/). 00 ｨｪ04ｨｬ 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ0602 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 Mandriva Linux, 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ0406 ﾂｨｪ0402 ｰlive ｱ CD (ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ Move), ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 04ｨ ｨｺｨ 04ｨｪ0402 0708020105060302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｮ06 07060101020803ｨｺｨｮ, 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ0602 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪｨｪｨｨ01 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 070601 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 05ｨｨ0202ｨｪ04ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ, 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨ06, ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｨ 0706 GNU/Linux, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 0706050204ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ Mandriva. 1.5. 05060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 Mandriva Linux 020704ｨｰ ｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 ｨｰｨ 05ｨ ｨｪｨｰ05ｨｨ090401 05060102ｨｦ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 Mandriva Linux, ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0708ｨｨ000601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 0708ｨｨ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 Mandriva Linux: 6ｦ1 05ｨ 0608ｨｺｨ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609. 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ GNU/Linux 09 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0906ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ, 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ04 06ｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰｨ. 02ｨｪｨｨ 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0906ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ04 09 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ04 010507 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ01 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04. 6ｦ1 0308060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 090205ｨｨｨｺ0602 ｨｬｨｪ06030209ｨｰ0906 07080602ｨｺｨｰ0609, ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 07060101020803ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ0401 Mandriva ｯ06ｨｬ: 0904ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 010507 0902ｨ 07 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04ｨｦ 07080602ｨｺｨｰ ｨｨ 07080201050603ｨｨｨｰ02 09090606 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｬ 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬ. 6ｦ1 06ｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0706ｨｬ06 ﾂｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 09 0702080209060106ｨｬ 0902ｨ -09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ ｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 05ｨ 000507ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 02ｨｬ0401 07080602ｨｺｨｰ0609 (http://qa.mandriva.com/), ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070609060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ06 Mandriva Linux. 2. 02ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 050708ｨ 0906 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0902 06ｨｰ06 050708ｨ 0906 ﾂｨｪ0602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ06 010507 05060102ｨｦ, 030205ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 05ｨｮ ﾂ0302 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 09090606 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ Mandriva Linux, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0106ｨｰ07ｨｰ 070605ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 04ｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0204 06000806ｨｬｨｪ0402 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 0004 ｨｪｨ 010202ｨｬ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 0706090502 070806 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ060006 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 070806ｨｴ02 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09090606 GNU/Linux-ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨｮ. 05010209ｨｹ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ 06ｨ 040608 0109ｨｮ01 020006 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ 09 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 090609ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｨ01 0005ｨ 09: 6ｦ1 00 0702080906ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ (0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ Linux) ｨｬ04 070604ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｨｨｬ 09ｨ 09 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ GNU/Linux. 04ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0204 ｨ 0801ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨｮ, 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨ 06050202 09070202ｨｨ00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨ 090702ｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 /proc. 00 0702080906ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 (0105. 1) ｨｬ04 0604ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｨｨｬ 09ｨ 09 09 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｬ UNIX 03, 06ｨｰ01ｨ 09ｨ 07 ｨ 0605ｨｹ030202 070802010706 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬｨｨ08ｨｮ GNU/Linux. 0004 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ0402 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0706050204ｨｪ0402 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｬ0402 shell ｯ06ｨｬ. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 0005ｨ 09ｨ (0105. 2), 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｬ04 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 GNU/Linux, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ01 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｮ. 00 0005ｨ 0902 0105. 3 ｨｬ04 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｬ 060800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609060006 0102080209ｨ. 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｪ0102ｨｪ02ｨｨ06 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ06 08ｨ 0408ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907, ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 09090602ｨｬ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 09 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 0306090502 070806 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0904 0904 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, 000102 ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ01 080605ｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 0005ｨ 09ｨ 0706090907ｨｴ02ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ GNU/Linux (0105. 4). 0306090502 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ inode ｨｨ pipe. 00 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 (0105. 5) 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 (ｨｨ 09ｨｨ08ｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07) 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ GNU/Linux - /proc. 2

1303080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02 6ｦ1 0006 09ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ (Linux ｨｨ04ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ) 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ 06050202 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 0004 07060006090608ｨｨｨｬ 06 0904ｨ ｨｨｨｬ0609090704ｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 09 070609090201ｨｪ0209ｨｪ0401 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ 01, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 050400ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ0401 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ06080609 ｨｨ 0108. 0004 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 (0105. 6), 01ｨ 09 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨ 06ｨｨｨｬ 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 07060709ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ 01. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｬ04 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｬ0907 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ 0204 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09 (0105. 7). 04ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 mkdir ｨｨ touch), ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｮ01ｨ 0507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 09 070802010205ｨ 01 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ04 07060006090608ｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ 01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 09 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ chown ｨｨ chgrp. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｬ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ04 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ, 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ060006 070806020209090608ｨ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ 0609ｨｪ060904 ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ. 00 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ (0105. 8). 06ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 UNIX 03 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06090402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 09ｨ ｨｬ 08ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07060401ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ01 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060906ｨｬ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ060802. 0004 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ｨｨ04090209ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060904ｨｬｨｨ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ 01 UNIX 03 ｨｨ GNU/Linux: ｨｪｨ 09060806 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ Emacs (ｨ 09ｨｰ0608 04ｨｨ ﾂｨ 0801 05ｨｰ060505ｨｬｨ ｨｪ) ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ 0804ｨｬ 0106ｨ 0804ｨｬ Vi, ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 09ｨｨ050506ｨｬ 02030602ｨｬ (Bill Joy) 02ｨｴ02 09 1976 000601ｨｮ. 0306090502 05ｨｰ060006 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 09 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ 0406090602 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09090602ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 010902 0005ｨ 0904 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ0602 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ (0105. 9) ｨｨ 09 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨ01 ﾂ0208ｨｰｨ 01 ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (0105. 10). 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 0005ｨ 09ｨ (0105. 11) 08ｨ 0909ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 06 070806020201ｨｮ0802 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ Mandriva Linux ｨｨ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0204 05000002ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ. 0004 07060006090608ｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ init (07080602020909, ｨ 05ｨ 000601ｨ 0807 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬｨｮ 070806ｨｨ09010601ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04) ｨｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨｮ080609ｨｪ0701 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ (060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 010507 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04). 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ04 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺ06 06ｨ ｨｲ0709ｨｪｨｨｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ drakxservices 010507 ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 0905ｨｮ03ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 00 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 (0105. 12) ｨｬ04 06ｨ ｨｲ0709ｨｪｨｨｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ06 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ ｨｮ01ｨ 0504ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 (09 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 ssh) 010507 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ.07. 0004 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 06ｨ 040608 090102ｨｬ04 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0607ｨｨ0302ｨｬ ｨ ｨ 040609ｨｮ06 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｮ 090208090208/ｨｺ05ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨ ssh. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 scp. 05ｨ 09020803ｨ 02ｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｮ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ 0005ｨ 09ｨ 06ｨ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ (0105. 13). 00 ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0904 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｦ urpmi b 0204 ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨ07060106ｨｬ urpme. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0706ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609. 3. 0308ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ 00 00ｨｨ0506090600ｨｨｨｨ open-source 0106ｨ 0806090605ｨｹｨｪ0602 09060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 0909020001ｨ 0708ｨｨ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907! 02ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ Mandriva Linux - 05ｨｰ06 090208ｨｹ0204ｨｪｨ 07 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ. 00ｨ 03ｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0907060906ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 070609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｴ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ 05ｨ ｨｪｨｰ05ｨｨ090401 0106ｨ 0806090605ｨｹ020209, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ ｨ 04 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ 09 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ: 6ｦ1 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ02; 6ｦ1 07020802090601; 6ｦ1 05ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ0602 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02; 6ｦ1 XML/XSLT-0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 030905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020205ｨｮ06 0005ｨ 09ｨｮ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0006090608ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 070404ｨｺ02, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0706ｨｬ06 ﾂｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 09 0702080209060106ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨ01 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09. 030905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ0102ｨｨ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602-01ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ 0106ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨ 04 0706ｨｬ06 ﾂｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ09060902080302ｨｪ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ060006 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｪｨｰｨ Borges (C3S) (http://sourceforge.net/ projects/borges-dms) - 0708ｨｨ09060201ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ. 06 ｨｪ02 09ｨｰ0209ｨｪ07ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 06ｨ 060702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ 01, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ ｨｨ090708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01! 05ｨ 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 06 07080602ｨｺｨｰ02 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨMandriva Linux 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ, 070603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, ｨｺ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｮ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ (mailto:documentation@mandriva.com) ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07060902ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0902ｨ -09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 03080602ｨｺｨｰｨ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ Mandriva Linux (http://www.mandrivalinux.com/en/doc/project/). 3

1303080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ｨｨ06ｨｪ07 2004 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ Mandriva Linux ｨｨ 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ 07080602ｨｺｨｰｨ Borges 09020102ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｦ NeoDoc (http://www.neodoc.biz). 4. 05060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ0002 4.1. 05060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608ｨｮ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 ﾂ04ｨｰｨｺ06 0904010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 09050609ｨ 09 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ, ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 09ｨｨ0104 06000608ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ07. 00 0708ｨｨ09020102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨｨ0302 ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ0202 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804 010507 09090201 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 09050609 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707 09050609 09 ｨｨ01 06000608ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ01 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 080608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ05ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 inode 0609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 090401020502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪ0609, 0607ｨｨ090409ｨ 02ｨｬ0401 09 0308ｨｨ05. A. ls -lta 0609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 (09ｨｬ. 04ｨ 0401. 4.2.1). a_file 0609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 010507 ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｪ RPM-07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609. ls(1) 05090405ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ (man). ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ, 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 man 1 ls. $ ls *.pid 080608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0602 010507 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｺ0609 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06090401 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 09090602ｨｬ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01, 08ｨ 090702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ.01. localhost 09ｨｮｨｺ0902ｨｪｨｪ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402, ｨｪ02 07060101060107ｨｴｨｨ02 070601 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 08ｨ ｨｪ0202 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨｨｦ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02090602 0905060906, 090407ｨｰ0602 ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. OpenOffice.org 02ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ. 00 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ, 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｺ060904ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0602 06000608ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ02. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 07ｨｨ0302ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0802, 09 ｨｰ06 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0904. 08ｨ ｨｦ0504 02ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ060006 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09ｨ. 030601 ﾂ0208ｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨ 07 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09ｨ (020905ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ 07 0708ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ) ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 06 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｨ ｰ00060807 ﾂ02ｨｦ ｱ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 010507 ｨ 0409ｨｰ08060006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｬ02ｨｪ06, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ Alt 07050609 09ｨ ｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09ｨ. Le petit chaperon 02ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 09050609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ0609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 070404ｨｺ02. rouge 03080201ｨｮ070802030102ｨｪｨｨ02! 05ｨ 080204020809ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ06 010507 060906ｨ 0401 07080201ｨｮ070802030102ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 070601 ﾂ0208ｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09050609. ﾁｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ0907 090905ｨｮ01. 02ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 09 ｨｪ04ｨｬ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ0907 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06ｨ 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ02. 02ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 07060109ｨｺｨ 04ｨｺｨｮ. 06ｨｰ06 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 09060902ｨｰ 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ0602 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07060109ｨｺｨ 04ｨｺｨｨ 06 0706050204ｨｪ0401 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ0701, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 06ｨ 050200 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ 03ｨｨ04ｨｪｨｹ. 09ｨｮ01ｨｹｨｰ02 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0609ｨｰ06080603ｨｪ04 0708ｨｨ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02 05ｨｰ060006 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｺｨ. 02ｨｪ 0909020001ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 09ｨ 03ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 0706 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 4

1303080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02 4.2. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 09060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 4.2.1. 0808ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 06ｨ 040608 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 00 0708ｨｨ09020102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨｨ0302 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 0708ｨｨ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｬ ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104: ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ <ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ> [--option={ｨ 08001,ｨ 08002,ｨ 08003}] [060702ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 0800....] 06ｨｰｨｨ 09060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0709050706ｨｰ0907 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 000102 ｨｮ000601ｨｪ06, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 09 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 01 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ. 05ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｰ< ｱ (ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302) ｨｨ ｰ> ｱ (ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302) 09040102050706ｨｰ 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 0601ｨｨｨｪ 09 0601ｨｨｨｪ, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ0602 09ｨ ｨｬ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, <ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ > 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 030905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｬ07 foo.txt, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 09090209ｨｰｨｨ foo.txt, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 <foo.txt> ｨｨ05ｨｨ <ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ >. 0809ｨ 0108ｨ ｨｰｨｪ0402 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ( ｰ[ ] ｱ) 09040102050706ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ02 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 09090606 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ. 06080602ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｨ02 ( ｰ... ｱ) 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 070806ｨｨ04090605ｨｹｨｪ0602 ﾂｨｨ090506 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609. 00 00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨｪ0402 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ( ｰ{ } ｱ) 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04, 08ｨ 0408020302ｨｪｨｪ0402 010507 05ｨｰ060006 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07. 0206050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01. 4.2.2. 05070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 000608ｨｬ04 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ 000802ｨｬ07 06ｨｰ 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ Ctrl-R, ﾂｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 01060503ｨｪ04, ｨｪｨ 03ｨ 09 ｨｨ ｨｮ01020803ｨｨ09ｨ 07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Ctrl, 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ 0706090502 05ｨｰ060006 09ｨｰｨｮｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 0706 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ0302 R. 0606 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 Alt ｨｨ Shift. 0004 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ 04ｨ 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0904 010507 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 0500ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｪ0401 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03; 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 09090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09 09020801ｨｪ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0802. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 09090601 R ｨｨ r - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 0302. 0004 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 070806ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 0708ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 09 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302, 09 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ02ｨｪ06, 07020802010601 ｨｺ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰｨｮ ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 08ｨ ｨｦ05 0302080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 (Ctrl-R) 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ: ｨｴ0205ｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 0706 ｨｪｨ 0107ｨｨ09ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴ02ｨｦ0907 09 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 08ｨ 09070605060302ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 09 05020906ｨｬ 09020801ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｮ0005ｨｮ 06ｨｺｨｪｨ ). 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 09 07060709ｨｨ090302ｨｬ0907 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｺ05ｨｨｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 0706 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰｨｮ 0302080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507. 080806ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ060006 0302 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 Ctrl-R (ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ06 09040302). 4.2.3. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ0402 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 000907ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ 04, ｨｺ060001ｨ 05ｨｰ06 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ 09 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨ01 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ 01 0109ｨｮ01 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ0401 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ: Queen Pingusa queen 06ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 03 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｨ. Peter Pingus peter 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ 0706040302 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｨ04080201ｨｺｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, 01ｨ ｨ 04 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ. 5

1303080201ｨｨ09050609ｨｨ02 6

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 01ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｰUNIX 03 ｱ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨｨ04 09ｨ 09 0902080607ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｮ0302 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ06. 000604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, 0904 01ｨ 0302 ｨｮ0302 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 UNIX 03 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02, ｨｰ060001ｨ, 0902080607ｨｰｨｪ06, 05ｨｰｨ 0005ｨ 09ｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪｨ. 08 010507 ｨｰ0201, ｨｺｨｰ06 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ02 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 05 09 ｨｪ02ｨｦ, 070806 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0904 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨ 09060506ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｬ. 0306ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ02020702ｨｨｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 04010209ｨｹ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ04, 070604090605ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ 04 ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 0906070806090609, 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 04ｨ 01ｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｬ0401 ｨｪ0609ｨｨ ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨ0802 GNU/Linux. 03060106ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ 0106080603ｨｨｨｬ 06ｨｰ0902ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09ｨｰ0605ｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ0907 09 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ. 1.1. 030605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704 06ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 06ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0602 0905ｨｨ07ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 090902 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07, 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 ｨｬ04 070604ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｨｨｬ 09ｨ 09 09 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｬ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707, ﾂｨｰ06 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ﾂ0802040904 ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ06 09ｨ 03ｨｪ04ｨｬ. Linux 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｬｨｪ060006070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ, ｨｨ ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09090602ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ GNU/Linux, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ. 08060001ｨ 0906 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 0904 09060401ｨ 09ｨ 05ｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0904 09060401ｨ 09ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507. 01ｨ 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 050609ｨｹ 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402: 6ｦ1 ｰｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ0202 ｨｨｨｬ07 ｱ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 (ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｮ000601ｨｪ06); 6ｦ1 ｨｨｨｬ07 050600ｨｨｨｪｨ ; 6ｦ1 ｨｨ 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ. 0209ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ0401 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0401 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08ｨ 04010209ｨｹ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｬ07 050600ｨｨｨｪｨ (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 0106 050600ｨｨｨｪ) ｨｨ 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ. 0004 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08ｨ 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 08060001ｨ 0904 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ02 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ 0706040302, 0008ｨｮ070704 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪ04, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬ 05060107ｨｬ. 0108ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0706030205ｨ 02ｨｰ02, ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 08ｨ 0401020502ｨｪｨｨ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 01020506ｨｬ 010507 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ01 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 09 ｨｮｨｪｨｨ09020809ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ02 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 0706 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ070702 ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰ02ｨｰ, 0601ｨｪｨｮ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ 010507 070802070601ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 01ｨ 050202. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ0602 ｨｰ060302 090208ｨｪ06: 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ﾂ0502ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 0008ｨｮ0707. 030802070601ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ﾂ0502ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0008ｨｮ070704 070802070601ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704 09ｨｰｨｮ0102ｨｪｨｰ0609, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｪ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ. 0306ｨｺｨ ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ080205ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09090601ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06, ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0302 0906ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 030905ｨｨ 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09 (X) ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ0907 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02, 09ｨ 03 09ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰ060904ｨｦ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09040005070102ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ 04ｨｨ09. 1-1. 7

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 1-1. 0502ｨ ｨｪ09 09010601ｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 09 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0906ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09090606 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ. 03060709ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪ06090602 01ｨｨｨ 05060006090602 06ｨｺｨｪ06, 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｴ0202 09ｨ ｨｬ 090209ｨｰｨｨ 090906ｨｦ 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0907 09090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0909050207ｨｮ06, 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504, 09090601ｨｨｨｬ0402 09 07060502 010507 07ｨ 08060507, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 040902040106 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ (*). 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｨ07 090906020006 0902ｨ ｨｪ09ｨ (06ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0201030208). 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0006ｨｰ060904, ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺｨｪ0607ｨｺｨｮ 00010601. 030905ｨｨ 0904 09 ｰｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060906ｨｬ ｱ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｰ06 07060106030202 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06: Mandriva Linux release 2006.0 (CodeName) for i586 Kernel 2.6.12-6mdk on an i686 / tty1 [ｨｨｨｬ07_ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04] login: 020507 09010601ｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 090906ｨｦ 050600ｨｨｨｪ 09 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ Login: ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Enter. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ 09010601ｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ (login) 090409020102ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 Password: ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0603ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09090601ｨ 07ｨ 08060507. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ 0901060102 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 09 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, 0708ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 0901060102 09090601ｨｨｨｬ0402 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 06ｨｰ0907, ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｰ0907 040902040106 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 04 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0906ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 09 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0302 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ06 09 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0906050701 ｨｨ 09 X. 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0902ｨ ｨｪ09 ｨｪ02 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01, ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰｨｺ080409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0902ｨ ｨｪ090609 X (0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0802ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 09010601ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨｪ060006 080209ｨｮ08090609). 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 Mandriva Linux 0209ｨｰｨｹ 030209ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ08ｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｪ09060502ｨｦ 09 0106070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ, 04ｨ 080204020809ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 010507 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ060006 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09ｨ. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07020802ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 09 0506ｨ ｨｮ06 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01, ｨｪｨ 03ｨ 09 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 Ctrl-Alt-F<n>, 000102 <n> - ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｨ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨｮ06 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 07020802ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 7-ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｨ. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 07020802ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 0906 09ｨｰ0608ｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｹ, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ Ctrl, Alt ｨｨ F2. 0006 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ DrakX ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 090708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 05 ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ 010507 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507: root. 06ｨｰ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ0608, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 0902080607ｨｰｨｪ0202 0909020006 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0904 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 020507 ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 09ｨ 03ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪｨ 07 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ root 0909020001ｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 04ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｴ02ｨｪｨ 0106080603ｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪ04ｨｬ 010507 ｨｮ00ｨ 010409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 07ｨ 08060502ｨｬ! 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 070609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 070601 root ｯ06ｨｬ, ｨｰ06 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 07080609ｨｰ06 010607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09010205ｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨ 03ｨｮ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ020708ｨｨ000601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06: 0601ｨｪｨ 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ. 00 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ 010507 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ root, ｨｰ060001ｨ 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 0506ｨ ｨｮ06 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 (ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ02!). 02 ﾂ0209ｨｨ01ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 09ｨ ｨｬｨ 07 05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨ 07 ｨｨ010207. 05ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 0706 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 050600ｨｨｨｪｨ. 00ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 05ｨｰ060006 06ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208, 0708ｨｨ09090602ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ: ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 (User ID, 8

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 UID). 08ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｺｨ 0301ｨ 07 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 0706 09090602ｨｬｨｮｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608ｨｮ 0008ｨｮ070704 (Group ID, GID), ｨ ｨｪ02 0706 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ. 1.2. 0209ｨｪ060904 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0306 0908ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 09 Windows 03 ｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906ｨｬ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, 09 GNU/Linux 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 060800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪｨ 0906090902ｨｬ 0706-0108ｨｮ0006ｨｬｨｮ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 0709ｨｪ0401 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｦ. 020507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 070806 ﾂｨｰｨｨｨｰ02, 070603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 0105. 4. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ07 0709050706ｨｰ0907 070807ｨｬ04ｨｬ 0905020109ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ060006 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 Linux - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｬｨｪ060006070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ : ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 0601ｨｪ060006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ070704. 03ｨｴ02 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 06 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ02050701 ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ 01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｬ04 ｨｪ02 ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪｨｮ05ｨｨ, 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 0905ｨ 010202ｨｰ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060006ｨｬ (ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060006ｨｬ). 030605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0202ｨｬ 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｨ 09090201 09060401ｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｬ0401 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ 09090602ｨｨｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ070706ｨｦ, ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨ 01050203ｨｨｨｰ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨ 040506 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 08ｨ ｨｪ0202 (09ｨｬ. ), 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ﾂ0502ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 0008ｨｮ0707 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 020905ｨｨ ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06 ｨ 040506 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｬ 0905ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ, 070605ｨｹ0404 06ｨｰ 05ｨｰ060006 ｨ 040506 ｨ 04 ｨｬｨ 0506. 08ｨ ｨｺ 0905ｨ 0102050202 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 06ｨｰｨｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 08ｨ 090708020102050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｰ0802ｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ: 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0202ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ; 090902ｨｬｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ, 0709050706ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 ﾂ0502ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704, ｨ 09090602ｨｨｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ (ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ070706ｨｦ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ), ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 0709050706ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ; ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｺｨｮ01ｨ 0901060107ｨｰ 090902 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0502ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0609ｨｨ01ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0708ｨ 09: 1. 0308ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 (Read, r): 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506 08ｨ 04080203ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 0306 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｮ 05ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 (ｨｰ.02. 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ). 2. 0308ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ (Write, w): 08ｨ 04080203ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 0306 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｮ 0708ｨ 0906 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0106ｨ ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0507ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0202ｨｬ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 3. 0308ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 (execute, x): 08ｨ 04080203ｨ 02ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07 0708ｨ 09 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ). 0306 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｮ 05ｨｰ06 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 070806010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006, ﾂｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 0906ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 070806ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｺ090604ｨｹ ｨｪ020006. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 06ｨｰ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02: 0904 09 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 070806ｨｦｨｰｨｨ ﾂ02080204 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ｨｪ06 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 090902-ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02! 000604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ04 0506ｨ 0402 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 0708ｨ 09. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 08ｨ 04080203ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 010507 0902ｨ 07 ｨｨ 04ｨ 070802ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 010507 09090201 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ. 08ｨ ｨｺ 0905ｨ 0102050202 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 0904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ (ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 020905ｨｨ 0904 ﾂ0502ｨｪ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ070704). 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ. 01ｨｨ0302 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ06 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ls -l 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02: $ ls -l total 1 -rw-r----- 1 queen users 0 Jul 8 14:11 a_file drwxr-xr-- 2 peter users 1024 Jul 8 14:11 a_directory/ $ 040204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ls -l (09050209ｨ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 0906): 6ｦ1 030208090402 01020907ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 02ｨｬｨｮ 0708ｨ 09ｨ. 0302080904ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605-05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ : 020905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｰｨｨ0802 (-). 030905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪｨｨｨｬ 05020904ｨｬ 09ｨｨｨｬ09060506ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ d. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ04 06ｨ 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｬ 0706040302. 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 01020907ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 010507 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 06ｨｰｨｨ 01020907ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0802ｨｬ07 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｰ080201 0708ｨ 09. 03020809ｨ 07 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ; 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｰ08ｨｨ 9

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09090201 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ, 0708ｨｨｨｪｨ 01050203ｨ ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｺ 0008ｨｮ070702 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ; ｨｨ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ 06ｨｰｨｪ060907ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06 090902ｨｬ 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ. 05ｨｪｨ ｨｺ ｨｰｨｨ0802 (-) 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ04. 6ｦ1 02ｨ 050202 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 0909040506ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 0306040302 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ07, ｨ 020006 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 (ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 inode), ｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ 010507 0601ｨｪ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 020507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 0909040506ｨｺ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0706040302. 6ｦ1 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｬ07 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 0008ｨｮ070704. 6ｦ1 06, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, 01ｨ 050202 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ (09 ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨ 01), 090802ｨｬ07 020006 070609050201ｨｪ020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 09ｨ ｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 0706ｨ 05ｨｨ0302 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 06ｨｰｨ 080609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0702080904ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605, 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｰｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｨ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ a_file ｨｬ04 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 0708ｨ 09ｨ : rw-r-----. 01ｨｨ0302 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨ 090102ｨｬｨ 060800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0708ｨ 09: 6ｦ1 070208090402 ｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ (rw-) - 05ｨｰ06 0708ｨ 09ｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 queen. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, queen ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 (r), ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 (w), ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 (-). 6ｦ1 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ (r--) 06ｨｰｨｪ060907ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ 0506ｨ 06ｨｬｨｮ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 queen, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ﾂ0502ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0008ｨｮ070704 users. 02ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 (r), ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｪｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 (--). 6ｦ1 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ08ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ (---) 06ｨｰｨｪ060907ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ 0506ｨ 06ｨｬｨｮ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 queen ｨｨ 09090201 ｨｺｨｰ06 09010601ｨｨｨｰ 09 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ users. 06ｨｰｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 0708ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 020507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ a_directory 0708ｨ 09ｨ 09040005070107ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ rwxr-xr--, 06ｨｰ090601ｨ : 6ｦ1 peter, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0905ｨ 0102050202 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴｨｨ010907 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 (r), 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ (w) ｨｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 070806ｨｦｨｰｨｨ ﾂ02080204 ｨｪ020006 (x); 6ｦ1 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 peter, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 09010601ｨｨｨｰ 09 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ users, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 (r), ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 (-), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 070806010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 (x). 6ｦ1 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ (r). 0106 070609ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ ｨｮ ｨｪ020006 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09 wx, 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0906ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600. 0309ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05 - root. root ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 (0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ, 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ) 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0202ｨｬ, ｨｨ 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0902ｨ 07 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0202ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ! root ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｮ ｨｪ020006 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02, 070806010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ﾂ02080204 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨｮ ｨｪ020006, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 06ｨｪ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｬ, ｨｪ02 ｨ 040506 ｨ 04 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰ.01. 06 020905ｨｨ root ｯｨｮ ｨｪ02 0109ｨ ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09, 02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 07080609ｨｰ06 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01. root ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 070605ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 01 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ, ﾂｨｰ06 090502 ﾂ02ｨｰ 04ｨ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮ08060902ｨｪｨｹ 0106090208ｨｨ07 ｨｺ ﾂ0205060902ｨｺｨｮ, 04ｨｪｨ 06ｨｴ020006 020006 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ. 06 09 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｪ02 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ ｨ 02090706ｨｺ06ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｨ04-04ｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ 01UNIX 03 ｨｨ Windows 03. 0302080904ｨｦ - UNIX 03-070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｮ06 00ｨｨｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ. 6ｦ1 06ｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0506ｨ 0402 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 ｨｪ020702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ0402, 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ASCII-09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ 0, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｨ /, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 08ｨ 04010205ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ. 080806ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 090905020109ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ﾂｨｮ0909ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｮ 09 UNIX 03 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 readme ｨｨ Readme ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ﾂｨｰ06 070601 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ r ｨｨ R 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0402 UNIX 03 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 0109ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ. 6ｦ1 08ｨ ｨｺ 0904 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｪ02 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 01060503ｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ02, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 04ｨ 0106 ﾂ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090906ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 00 GNU/Linux 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪ02 060708020102050706ｨｰ ｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ0402 ｰ08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｱ 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ04. 00 UNIX 03 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ (.) - 05ｨｰ06 07080609ｨｰ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609, ｨｪ06 06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 0601ｨｪ06 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 00 UNIX 03 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 09 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ, 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｰ09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ ｱ 1 ; 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09. 1. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｬ ｨｬ02ｨｪ020103020802 0106 ｨｰ0201 070608, 0706ｨｺｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 09ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ02 02ｨｬｨｮ 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06. 00 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 0502 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 09090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ls -a, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ0402. 05ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07. 00 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ 0904000507ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504.mozilla ｨｨ05ｨｨ.openoffice ｨｨ04 090906020006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ home/. 10

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ ｨ 02090706ｨｺ06ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07 (00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 ｨｬ02ｨｪ020103020804, 0600ｨｨ09ｨｪ0402 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｰ.07.) 090902-ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 010507 08ｨ 09070604ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 090906ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 06ｨｰ06 0106080603ｨ 07 ｨｨ010207 - ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 010507 ｨｰ0201 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ01 07060101020803ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ. 1.3. 0308060202090904 030601 0708060202090906ｨｬ 0706ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ07 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｨ 020206ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ02. 05010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0402 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ GNU/Linux ｨｨ Windows 03 (010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ, 070603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, ｨｺ 0105. 10). 01ｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0602 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 070807ｨｬｨｮ06 09090704ｨ ｨｪ06 09 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02ｨｬ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507: ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 07080602020909 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 09 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 020006 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ05. 00ｨｪｨｮｨｰ08ｨｨ 0902ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0708060202090904 0706 ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨｮ, ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ PID (proccess ID). 0604 05ｨｰ060006 PID 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ, ｨｺｨｰ06 (ｨｰ.02. ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ) 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ05 07080602020909, ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨ 02ｨｦ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 070806090208ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 010609ｨｰ06090208ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909ｨ. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 090604ｨｹｨｬ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 03 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 09 a_file. 030605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ peter ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07-04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 020006 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ 04ｨ 070802ｨｴｨ 06ｨｰ 05ｨｰ06. 06 060707ｨｰｨｹ 0302, ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰ060006 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 root. 0905ｨ 000601ｨ 0807 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, GNU/Linux 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｮ070409ｨｨｨｬｨ 010507 09ｨｨ08ｨｮ090609. 020507 09090602ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09ｨｨ08ｨｮ0904 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 ｨｮ070409ｨｨｨｬ0402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨｪｨｨ03ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 08ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 000606ｨ ｨｴ02 000609060807, 09ｨｨ08ｨｮ0904 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 080201ｨｺｨｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨ0802 UNIX 03. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0909020006 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｬｨ 0506ｨｨ04090209ｨｰｨｪ0401 09ｨｨ08ｨｮ090609 010507 Linux, ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 020406ｨ ｨｨ01ｨｪ04, 020905ｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0706ｨｰ0907 070601 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｬ. 060605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 070609080201ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 09ｨｨ08ｨｮ090609: root. 0206090605ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨ09ｨｨ08ｨｮ09ｨｪ0602 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ0602 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 010507 GNU/Linux ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, ｨｪ06 09 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 DOS/Windows 03! 05ｨ ﾂ02ｨｬ 0302 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨ09ｨｨ08ｨｮ09ｨｪ0402 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 09 GNU/Linux, ｨｪ06 0608ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ DOS/Windows 03? 000902 ﾂｨ ｨｴ02 ｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｴ02 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 GNU/Linux, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05-09020809020804 010507 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ Windows 03 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ Samba (09ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 0005ｨ 09ｨｮ 02ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ0002 04ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 0706 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 090208090208ｨ ). Linux ｨｮ070806ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ 070806020209090609. 0201ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｬ02ｨｰ06010609-05ｨｰ06 ｰ09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504 ｱ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0706040906050706ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 02ｨｬｨｮ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 090906ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ. 05ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ root ｯｨ, Linux ｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0402 UNIX 03 ｨｪ02 07060409060507ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ, 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ. 00 0005ｨ 0902 0105. 10 0904 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ PID 07080602020909ｨ ｨｨ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 02ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504. 1.4. 0808ｨ ｨｰｨｺ0602 0909020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ - 05ｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ 070807ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 010507 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 09090602ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ02. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ GNU/Linux, ｨｰ06 0904 0909ｨｺ060802 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ0202 ｨｨ 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 06050202 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ07ｨｬｨｨ, ﾂ02ｨｬ 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨ ｨｰ0608 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪｨ ｨ 05ｨ 000601ｨ 0807 ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ02 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺ06 090902ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ X, ｨｪ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ040907 ﾂｨ ｨｬ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 (09 070806ｨｰｨｨ09060706050603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ 080203ｨｨｨｬｨｮ), ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨ ｨｪｨ 0506000609, 09 ｨｨ01 ｨｬｨｪ060006 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ, 010609ｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 09 09ｨｨ0102 ｨｺｨｪ060706ｨｺ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 ｨ 040506 ｨ 04 ｨｰ08ｨｮ01ｨｪ0202. 01ｨ 0106 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ 05060102ｨｦ 010507 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09, ｨｰ06 0702080904ｨｬ 01020506ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0106 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ0608 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨ. 05ｨ ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ0602 09 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 05ｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ06080609 09 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ +060208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 0504. 0004ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 05ｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ0608 ｨｪｨ 090906ｨｦ 09ｨｺｨｮ09, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 Konsole ｨｨ05ｨｨ RXvt. 00 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ 09ｨ 03020006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺ060006 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09ｨ ｨｪｨ 07ｨ ｨｪ0205ｨｨ 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ06ｨｺ, ﾂ02ｨｰｨｺ06 020006 060708020102050706ｨｴｨｨｨｦ (04ｨｨ09. 1-2). 11

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 1-2. 05ｨｪｨ ﾂ06ｨｺ ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｪｨ 07ｨ ｨｪ0205ｨｨ KDE 08060001ｨ 0904 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ02 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 05ｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ0608 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨ, ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0904 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 shell. 06ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0904 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02. 0004 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ02 0702080201 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02: [queen@localhost queen]$ 05010209ｨｹ 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ 0302 ｨｨｨｬ07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 - queen, ｨ 09ｨ 03ｨ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 localhost (05ｨｰ06 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ 03ｨ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0902ｨｰｨｨ). 03080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 0706090502 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ06 010507 09090601ｨ 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 root, 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ $ 09 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ # (05ｨｰ06 090208ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09 GNU/Linux 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090902 05ｨｰｨｨ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04 070601 0902ｨ 07). 020507 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ root ｯ06ｨｬ, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 su 0706090502 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ shell. [queen@localhost queen]$ su # 00090201ｨｨｨｰ02 07ｨ 080605ｨｹ root ｯｨ ; (ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 07060709ｨｨｨｰ0907) Password: # exit (ｨｨ05ｨｨ Ctrl+D) 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 09ｨ 03ｨｮ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 [root@localhost queen]# exit [queen@localhost queen]$ 08060001ｨ 0904 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ02 shell 09 0702080904ｨｦ 08ｨ 04, 0904 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 070607ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ02 09 090906ｨｦ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 home/. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 0904 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ pwd (ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 (Print Working Directory)): $ pwd /home/queen 02ｨ 050202 ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0401 ｨｨ 090209ｨｹｨｬｨ 0706050204ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 1.4.1. cd: 05ｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ cd ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨ 07 0302, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 DOS ｯ02, ｨｪ06 09 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ07ｨｬｨｨ. 02ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 08ｨ 04 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ 07090502ｨｪ06 09 0202 ｨ ｨ ｨ 080209ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0802-09ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ. ｨｨ.., ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ cd ｨ 0204 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ080609 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 09ｨ 03 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600. 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ cd - 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 070609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 07060902ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600. 06, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 peter, ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09 cd peter ( 09ｨ ｨｬｨ 0706 0902ｨ 02 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨ 03 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 home/). 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ, 0904, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070607ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ home/ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ (020905ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 08ｨ 04080203ｨｨ05ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 020905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06), 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 root, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬ root ｯ06ｨｬ ｨｨ 07060708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｮ02ｨｬ0907: $ su Password: # pwd /root # cd /usr/share/doc/howto # pwd /usr/share/doc/howto # cd../faq-linux # pwd /usr/share/doc/faq-linux # cd../../../lib # pwd /usr/lib # cd peter # pwd /home/peter # cd # pwd /root 0602070208ｨｹ 090208ｨｪ02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ060006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09 exit (ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨ 09 Ctrl-D). 12

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 1.4.2. 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ echo 000902 0708060202090904 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 090906ｨｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨ shell 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 echo. 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪ0402 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402: 1. HOME: 05ｨｰｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪ 07ｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨ 0302ｨｬｨｮ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｮ. 2. PATH: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09090201 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 shell 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ DOS, shell 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002! 3. USERNAME: 05ｨｰｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ 0302 ｨｨｨｬ07 050600ｨｨｨｪｨ. 4. UID: 05ｨｰｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ 03 ID 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507. 5. PS1: 060708020102050702ｨｰ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09040005070102ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ 0302 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｨ 04ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ. 020507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹbash(1) (09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ ), ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09 09 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 0502 man bash. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 shell 0904090205 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0702080201 0202 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ$. 0006ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ echo: $ echo Hello Hello $ echo $HOME /home/queen $ echo $USERNAME queen $ echo Hello $USERNAME Hello queen $ cd /usr $ pwd /usr $ cd $HOME $ pwd /home/queen 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, shell 07060109ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0702080201 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 00 070806ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｪｨ 03 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 cd $HOME ｨｪ02 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 05 ｨ 04. 0306 09ｨｮｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ05 $HOME ｨｪｨ 0202 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 (/home/queen), ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨ cd /home/queen, ﾂ020006 ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 0106ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ. 0606 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 070806ｨｨ09010601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ 09 0708ｨｨｨｬ020806ｨｬ echo $USERNAME. 030905ｨｨ 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ01 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09 export 060008_0303040300_020804=04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 0306090502 05ｨｰ060006 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070806090208ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ｨ 0405ｨｨ 05ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ04: $ export USERNAME=queen $ echo $USERNAME queen 1.4.3. cat: 0004090601 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 0601ｨｪ060006 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 06050202 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0102 ﾂ020006 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 05ｨｰ06: 06ｨｪｨ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 0601ｨｪ060006 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 06050202 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601, 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ: $ cat /etc/fstab /dev/hda5 / ext2 defaults 1 1 /dev/hda6 /home ext2 defaults 1 2 /dev/hda7 swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/hda8 /usr ext2 defaults 1 2 /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy auto sync,user,noauto,nosuid,nodev 0 0 none /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /dev/pts devpts mode=0620 0 0 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto user,noauto,nosuid,exec,nodev,ro 0 0 $ cd /etc $ cat modules.conf shells alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc 13

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 pre-install plip modprobe parport_pc ; echo 7 > /proc/parport/0/irq #pre-install pcmcia_core /etc/rc.d/init.d/pcmcia start #alias char-major-14 sound alias sound esssolo1 keep /bin/zsh /bin/bash /bin/sh /bin/tcsh /bin/csh /bin/ash /bin/bsh /usr/bin/zsh 1.4.4. less: 0302ｨｦ01030208 01ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 070806ｨｨ0406030506 06ｨｰ ｨｨ000804 09050609, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09 0702080904ｨｬ 0702ｨｦ0103020806ｨｬ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ060001ｨ -05ｨｨｨ 06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 0903ｨｨ010907 09 UNIX 03 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ more (more - ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302; less - ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302). 0302ｨｦ01030208 (page - 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ ) - 05ｨｰ06 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0706040906050702ｨｰ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020506 07080609ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0706 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ07ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ 04ｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202ｨｦ(ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ0202, 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 04ｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ). 0308ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ, 0706 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ less, ｨ ｨｪ02 more, 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 less ｨ 06050202 ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨｮｨｨｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪｨ. 00ｨ ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ less 010507 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208: less /etc/termcap 020507 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 0909020801 ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ04. 020507 0904010601ｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Q. 000604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ less 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 03ｨｨ0802: ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 H 010507 0904040609ｨ 090708ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ. 1.4.5. ls: 0004090601 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ls (LiSt) 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0102 dir 09 DOS, ｨｪ06 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｪｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302, 000608ｨ 040106 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302. 00 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 09090704ｨ ｨｪ06 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 000608ｨ 040106 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302. 05ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ls: ls [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600] [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] 030905ｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ls 090409020102ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 020702ｨｨｨｦ 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｬｨｪ060006, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ04 0607ｨｨ0302ｨｬ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01: 6ｦ1 -a: 0904090601 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 01ｨ 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09 UNIX 03 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504-05ｨｰ06 ｨｰ02, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09.; 060702ｨｨ07 -A 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｰ0706 ﾂｨｰｨｨ ｱ 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｰ.02. 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ 04 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -a 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｰ. ｱ ｨｨ ｰ.. ｱ 6ｦ1 -R: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ, ｨｰ.02. 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 01, ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 6ｦ1 -h: 0904090601 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 020006 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ 09 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02. 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 08ｨ 04ｨｬ020804 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 09ｨｮ0000ｨｨｨｺ090609 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ "K", "M" ｨｨ "G", ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, "234K" ｨｨ "132M". 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ020804 0904 ﾂｨｨ09050706ｨｰ0907 0706 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 2, ｨ ｨｪ02 0706 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 10. 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 1 K ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 08ｨ 0902ｨｪ 1024 ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨ ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｪ02 1000 ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰ. 6ｦ1 -l: 0904090601 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01: ｨｨ01 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ, 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0204 ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704, 08ｨ 04ｨｬ020804 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 090802ｨｬ07 070609050201ｨｪ020006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ. 6ｦ1 -i: 0904090601 0702080201 ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ inode (ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, 09ｨｬ. 0105. 4). 6ｦ1 -d: 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 020905ｨｨ ｨ 04 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 0904090601ｨ 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 ls -R: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ. 14

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 6ｦ1 ls -is images/..: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09 ｨｪ06ｨｬ020806ｨｬ inode ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ020806ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨｨ0506ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨ 01 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images/, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 0706 06ｨｰｨｪ060302ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ. 6ｦ1 ls -l images/*.png: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images/, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ.png, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 00ｨ ｨｦ05.png, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ. 1.4.6. 0306050204ｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 0601 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0602 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ 05ｨｺ06ｨｪ06ｨｬ07ｨｰ 010507 09ｨ 09 090802ｨｬ07 0708ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 060802 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0802. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ shell ｯ06ｨｬ, 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 070609ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｬ04ｨｬ 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 09 Mandriva Linux - bash, ｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 09 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ0401 070806020209090608ｨ 01. 0006-070208090401, ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. bash 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨ06 070802010401ｨｮｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 0909020801 ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ04. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070806ｨｺ08ｨｮｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0607080201020502ｨｪ06 09 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 HISTSIZE. 080806ｨｬ02 ｨｰ060006, 06ｨｰ 0902ｨ ｨｪ09ｨ ｨｺ 0902ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｮ ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨ07 0609ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0904 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 090902 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, 0909020102ｨｪｨｪ0402 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 070802010401ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ 0902ｨ ｨｪ0902 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04. 0805ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0905020906 ｨｨ 090708ｨ 0906 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ08090608 0905020906 ｨｨ 090708ｨ 0906 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02, 0706040906050707 09ｨ ｨｬ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090906ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 0106 0708ｨｨ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 07080609ｨｰ06 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 04ｨ 08ｨ 04: Ctrl-A ｨｨ Ctrl-E, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 07020802ｨｬ0209ｨｰ07ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 0805ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ Backspace ｨｨ Del 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 01060503ｨｪ04. Backspace ｨｨ Ctrl-H 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰｨｪ04. Del ｨｨ Ctrl-D ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ04 070606 ﾂ02080201ｨｪ06. Ctrl-K ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰ 090902 06ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 070604ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ 0106 ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, ｨ Ctrl-W ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰ 0905060906 0702080201 ｨｺｨｮ0809060806ｨｬ (ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 0302 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ Alt-Backspace). 01ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 Ctrl-D 09 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 070604090605ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0902ｨ ｨｪ09, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｪ060006 070806ｨｴ02, ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ exit. Ctrl-C 070802080902ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ0706ｨｴｨｮ060907 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0904 ｨｪ02 09 0708060202090902 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09090602ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 0904 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｺ ｨｨ09010601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ06. Ctrl-L 06 ﾂｨｨｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. Ctrl-Z 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨｨ, ｨｰ.02. 06ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪｨ, 020905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 ｰ& ｱ 0706090502 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208: $ xpdf MyDocument.pdf 05 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 0904 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｪ02 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 090906ｨｨｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｬ 07080602020909060806ｨｬ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰｨ 05 07080602020909 xpdf. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｬ ｨｨ 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ 09090602ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｨ, 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-Z ｨｨ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 bg. 06 09 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ Ctrl-S ｨｨ Ctrl-Q, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 010507 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 09060406ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 0904090601ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. 02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907, ｨｪ06 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0706 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ Ctrl-S (09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｺ06ｨｪ020609, S ｨｨ D ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0802 ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｰ0907 ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｺ06 0108ｨｮ00 06ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00ｨ ). 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ 0904 070607ｨ 0102ｨｰ02 09 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ06, ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 ﾂｨｰ06-ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0802, ｨｪ06 09 060208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05 ｯ02 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 ｨｪ02 07060709050706ｨｰ0907, 0706070806ｨ ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-Q. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 090902 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504, 0909020102ｨｪｨｪ0402 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪ02030205ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ Ctrl-S ｨｨ Ctrl-Q ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 0201ｨｨｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 090409020102ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. 15

130105ｨ 09ｨ 1. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 UNIX 03 16

130105ｨ 09ｨ 2. 02ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020504 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 010507 ｨｰ0201, ｨｺｨｰ06 07080609ｨｰ06 0106 ﾂ02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06 ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 0102ｨｰｨ 050701 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｨ01 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 00 ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｪ06 070605ｨｪ0602 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 090102ｨｬ04 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609 PC. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 0706050204ｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0705ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 0908ｨｮ ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0401020504 090906020006 030409ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ. 2.1. 05ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 030409ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0902ｨｺｨｰ060804. 0306090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0902ｨｺｨｰ06080609 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09000608ｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04010205. 0108ｨｮｨ 06 000609060807, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 040102050609, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ｨ 06050202 67 (3 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0401 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｨ 1 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0106 64 050600ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609): ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 2.1.1. 0502ｨｺｨｰ060804 07070806ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ06 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 07080609ｨｰｨｮ06 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0902ｨｺｨｰ06080609, 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｴｨｨ01 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨ02 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 030409ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 0902ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ 090609ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 512 ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰ. 0502ｨｺｨｰ060804 ｨｪｨ 030409ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 ｨｨ04 ｰn ｱ 0902ｨｺｨｰ06080609 ｨｪｨｮｨｬ0208ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 06ｨｰ ｰ0 ｱ 0106 ｰn-1 ｱ. 2.1.2. 04ｨ 0401020504 0609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨｪ060006 09ｨｨ08ｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨ01 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609 ｨｪｨ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02. 06ｨｰ06 01ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ060006 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09: 6ｦ1 04ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ (ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ): ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 09 Windows 03 ｨｨ GNU/Linux. 01ｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609 ｨｪｨ 030409ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 6ｦ1 0604 090606ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ 09 08ｨ 04ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ01, 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 010507 09060902080302ｨｪｨｪ06 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ. 0201ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609 0709050702ｨｰ0907 GNU/Linux, 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 09ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205, ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ swap ｯ06ｨｬ. 00 00 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ0302ｨｬ 06ｨｪ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ02ｨｪ020103020806ｨｬ 09ｨｨ08ｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 09ｨｨ08ｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ. 6ｦ1 02ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 09090201 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ 0302 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ, 090209ｨｹｨｬｨ 0706050204ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ0402 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 0205 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 08ｨ 0401020504. 03080609ｨｰ02ｨｦ03ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020806ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ020902ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪｨ 0109ｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ : 0601ｨｨｨｪ 010507 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, ｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 010507 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ. 06ｨｰ06 070604090605ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09090606 0205, 070605ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨ09 08ｨ 04010205 09 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨ09 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｮｨｰ04ｨｬ 08ｨ 04010205 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ. 6ｦ1 000905020109ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ 030409ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 07060709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0906090201ｨｪｨｨ01 0902ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ 01, ｨ ｨｪ02 08ｨ 04ｨ 080609ｨ ｨｪ04 0706 090902ｨｬｨｮ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ, 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 01 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｰ020806 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ060006 0706090802030102ｨｪｨｨ07 030409ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｰｨｨ07 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 060708020102050702ｨｰ 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｮ060907 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 08ｨ 0301ｨ 07 ｨｨ04 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 08ｨ 09070604ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｰｨｨ0704 08ｨ 040102050609, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 08ｨ 09070604ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01. 020507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ, 070603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, ｨｺ 0005ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0105. 6 ｨｨ 0105. 4. 17

130105ｨ 09ｨ 2. 02ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020504 2.1.3. 0207080201020502ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 09ｨ 03020006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 2.1.3.1. 03080609ｨｰ02ｨｦ03ｨｨｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 090202ｨｪｨ 08ｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0109ｨｮ01 08ｨ 040102050609: 0601ｨｨｨｪ 010507 swap-07080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ, 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ - 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 1, ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ :>@=5< (root) ｨｨ 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ0907 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ /. 01ｨ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺ02 ｨ 040506 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 010507 09090607ｨｨｨｪ00ｨ 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0902ｨｪ 0109ｨｮｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 06070208ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ (RAM, Random Access Memory). 06.02., 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 128 0009 020507, ｨｰ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 09090607ｨ 0106050302ｨｪ 090609ｨｰｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 256 0009. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0708ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03060006 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｬｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ (>512 0009) 05ｨｰ06 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506 ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｨ 010607ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208. 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 0708ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 0906 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 010507 09090607ｨｨｨｪ00ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0705ｨ ｨｰ000608ｨｬ04. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 06ｨｪ 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ 0106 201ｨ 010507 x86, PowerPC ｨｨ MC680x0; 0106 5120009 010507 MIPS; 0106 12801ｨ 010507 Alpha ｨｨ 0106 30609 010507 Ultrasparc. 05ｨ 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302, ﾂｨｰ06, ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 08ｨ 04010205 010507 09090607ｨｨｨｪ00ｨ, ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 080209ｨｮ08090609 0205 (09 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ RAM) 010507 020006 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 2.1.3.2. 0208ｨｮ00ｨ 07 06ｨ ｨｴｨ 07 090102ｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ01020502ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 06ｨｰ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ. 020507 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ 05000002ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 09060401ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 040102050609, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨｰ010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 06ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨ 040609060006 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 06070802010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ﾂ02ｨｰ040802 08ｨ 04010205ｨ : 05090607 04ｨ 04010205 010507 09090607ｨｨｨｪ00ｨ (swap), ﾂ02ｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208, 08ｨ 0902ｨｪ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｪ06 0109ｨｮｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06070208ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ. 08060802ｨｪｨｹ: / 05ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ 09ｨ 03ｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205. 06 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨ 03ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 010507 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 06ｨｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 010507 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609 (09ｨｬ. 0005ｨ 09ｨｮ 0105. 6). 060802ｨ 0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨｮ ｨｺ0608ｨｪ0209060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｪ02 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ 090205ｨｨｨｺｨｨ - 4000009 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09070605ｨｪ02 010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0705ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ0208 ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 04ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /opt, 09ｨ ｨｬ 0706ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ0209060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ. 00 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨ 05ｨｹｨｰ0208ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｨ0904 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 010507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /opt. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402: /usr 090605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨｮ06 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 090906ｨｨ01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /usr. 030802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 050200ｨｺ06 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 010507 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ 09 0902ｨｰｨｨ. 0402ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ｨｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨ 08ｨｹｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 06ｨｰ 1000009 0708ｨｨ 06ｨ 050200 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺ02 0106 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 01ｨ 0708ｨｨ 070605ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺ02. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 0904010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 2-3 01ｨ (09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ 09ｨ 03020006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ). 1. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 09 Mandriva Linux 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ext3 18

130105ｨ 09ｨ 2. 02ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020504 0206ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ: /home 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 09090201 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 04ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｨ01 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ. 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ, ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09060401ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ050609/usr: /usr ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060006ｨｬ ｨｺ0608ｨｪ0209060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ (/). 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｨ 090906020006 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ0209060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ. 06 09 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 0401020504 swap ｨｨ root (/) 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮ09020802ｨｪ04 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｮ06 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 09090602ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ020802. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ ｨｺ0608ｨｪ020906ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 08ｨ 09070605060302ｨｪ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ /home, /usr ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ. 2.1.3.3. 06ｨｺ0406ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 08060001ｨ 09ｨ 03ｨ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ0401 0202050701, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0902ｨ -090208090208 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0208090605, ｨｰ0802ｨ 0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 06ｨｰ ｨｰ0201, ﾂｨｰ06 07060101060107ｨｰ 010507 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 010507 090208090208ｨ FTP ｨｪｨ 090208ｨｪ07ｨｺｨ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 010507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /var/ftp, ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /usr ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302. 00 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701 09ｨ ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 010608060306 07080601ｨｮｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090906ｨｨ ｨｰ0802ｨ 0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0702080201 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ 08ｨ 040102050609 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｮ06 090102ｨｬｨｮ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨ 0204 07020802ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 0706ｨｰ0208ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01-05ｨｨｨ 06 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 08ｨ 04010205ｨｮ 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ060904ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｨ 05ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰ06090602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906. 0308ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 060704ｨｰｨ 0904 01ｨ 0302 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07020802ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ 07020802070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 2.2. 05060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0708ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609 ｨｨ 08ｨ 040102050609 00 GNU/Linux ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 050600ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601 0708ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ 040102050609. 0006-070208090401, 0708ｨｨ ｨｪｨｮｨｬ0208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ 040102050609 ｨｨ00ｨｪ0608ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0506ｨ 060006 ｨｨ04 08ｨ 040102050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ. 0006-09ｨｰ06080401, 08ｨ 0401020504 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｰ0907. 0006ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ: 6ｦ1 03020809ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 090201ｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ (primary master) ｨｨ 07020809ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 09020106ｨｬ04ｨｦ (primary slave) ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ IDE (ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ ｨｰ06 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ, 0708ｨｨ09060104 CD-ROM ｨｨ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｰ06-ｨｰ06 02ｨｴ02) ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 /dev/hda ｨｨ /dev/hdb. 6ｦ1 01ｨ 09ｨｰ0608ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ0902 090201ｨｮｨｴ0202 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 /dev/hdc, ｨ 09020106ｨｬ0602 - /dev/hdd. 6ｦ1 030905ｨｨ 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ020802 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ0907 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ0904 IDE (ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09 IDE, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0708ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨ 01 Soundblaster), 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 /dev/hde, /dev/hdf ｨｨ ｨｰ.01. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 IDE-ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ0904, 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ RAID-ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ08060505020804. 6ｦ1 SCSI-01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 /dev/sda, /dev/sdb ｨｨ ｨｰ.01., 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 ｨｨ01 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 020207ｨｨ SCSI (09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ID). 0308ｨｨ09060104 SCSI CD-ROM ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 /dev/scd0, /dev/scd1 0909020001ｨ 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 ｨｨ01 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 020207ｨｨ SCSI. 030905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0708ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ SATA IDE-01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ, 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 090102ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 SCSI. 04ｨ 0401020504 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 0706 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04, 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ (09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020504 ｨｪｨ 07020809ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ 090201ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 IDE, ｨｪ06 ｨｰ06 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｰｨｨ070609): 6ｦ1 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0402 (ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｪ0402) 08ｨ 0401020504 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 06ｨｰ /dev/hda1 0106 /dev/hda4. 6ｦ1 090600ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 08ｨ 0401020504, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 0209ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 /dev/hda5, /dev/hda6 ｨｨ ｨｰ.01. 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 ｨｨ01 070607090502ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ0202 050600ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609. 19

130105ｨ 09ｨ 2. 02ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020504 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ GNU/Linux ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0401020504 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧｧﾛ ｧ爰罘ﾟｧ爰ﾓｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ /dev/hda1 ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧﾚｧ鬧ﾟｧｧﾛ ｧﾓｧﾖｧﾕｧ蟋ｧﾚｧﾛ IDE6ﾓ1ｧﾕｧﾚｧ罘ﾜ (/dev/hda) ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧｧﾛ ｧ爰罘ﾟｧ爰ﾓｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ ｧ ｧ荅爰筴爰ﾛ ｧ爰罘ﾟｧ爰ﾓｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ /dev/hdb1 /dev/hdb2 ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧﾚｧ鬧ﾟｧｧﾛ ｧﾓｧﾖｧﾕｧ爰ﾞｧｧﾛ IDE6ﾓ1ｧﾕｧﾚｧ罘ﾜ (/dev/hdb) 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 2-1. 0302080904ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 040102050609 09 GNU/Linux ｧｰｧ罘ﾟｧ爰ﾓｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ ｧｲｧﾑｧ罘ﾚｧ筴ﾖｧﾟｧﾟｧｧﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ (/dev/hda2) /dev/hda1 /dev/hda5 /dev/hda6 16ﾓ1ｧﾛ ｧﾝｧ爰ﾔｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ罘ﾜｧﾚｧﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ 26ﾓ1ｧﾛ ｧﾝｧ爰ﾔｧﾚｧ鬧ﾖｧ罘ﾜｧﾚｧﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧﾚｧ鬧ﾟｧｧﾛ ｧﾓｧﾖｧﾕｧ蟋ｧﾚｧﾛ IDE6ﾓ1ｧﾕｧﾚｧ罘ﾜ (/dev/hda) ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧｧﾛ ｧ爰罘ﾟｧ爰ﾓｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ ｧ ｧ荅爰筴爰ﾛ ｧ爰罘ﾟｧ爰ﾓｧﾟｧ爰ﾛ ｧ筴ﾑｧﾙｧﾕｧﾖｧﾝ /dev/hdb1 /dev/hdb2 ｧｱｧﾖｧ筴ﾓｧﾚｧ鬧ﾟｧｧﾛ ｧﾓｧﾖｧﾕｧ爰ﾞｧｧﾛ IDE6ﾓ1ｧﾕｧﾚｧ罘ﾜ (/dev/hdb) 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 2-2. 00ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 040102050609 09 GNU/Linux 06ｨｬ0207 09 09090602ｨｬ 08ｨ 09070608070302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 0904 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 08ｨ 0401020504 ｨｨ 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ 0708ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 GNU/Linux ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｮ02ｨｰ 08ｨ 0401020504, 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ (0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｨ00ｨｪ0608ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 0709050706ｨｰ0907 080601ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｬｨｨ GNU/Linux). 00 Mandriva Linux ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ udev (010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ udev FAQ (http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ hotplug/udev-faq)). 02ｨｪ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 070605ｨｪｨｮ06 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09040302 090102ｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ Linux Standards Base Project (http://www.linuxbase.org/). 08ｨ 03010602 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 0106ｨ ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 0706 ｨｬ020802 020006 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 070607090502ｨｪｨｨ07. 20

130105ｨ 09ｨ 3. 020800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0102080209ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 00 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ0202 090802ｨｬ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ UNIX 03 09ｨｰｨ 05ｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ, 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ. 00 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 GNU/Linux: ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ060006 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ060006 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09010205ｨ 0506 ｨ 04 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ02ｨｮ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｬ06ｨｦ, 020905ｨｨ ｨ 04 ｨｪ02 ｨ 040506 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060107ｨｴｨｨ01 0708ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ070609 010507 060800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 09ｨｨ0102 0102080209ｨ. 02ｨ ｨｴ020708ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰ04ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard - 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰ ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04), 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 09 07ｨｪ09ｨ 0802 2004 ｨ 0405ｨ 090407ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨ 09020809ｨｨ07 2.3. 0206ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ, 0607ｨｨ090409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰ, 010609ｨｰｨｮ0702ｨｪ 09 06ｨｪｨｰ0208ｨｪ02ｨｰ02 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 Pathname (http://www.pathname.com/fhs/). 06ｨｰｨ 0005ｨ 09ｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｮ06 09090601ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｪ06 0202 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 09ｨｺ06080202 0909020006 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ01ｨ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 3.1. 04ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ0402/ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ0402, 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02/07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 02ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 UNIX 03 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 0909ｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬ: 08ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ 010507 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ02080609 09 0902ｨｰｨｨ, 09 ｨｰ06 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ0402 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪ02 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 0708ｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, ｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907. 0306 ｨｬ020802 ｨｨ09090502010609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 0102080209ｨ ｨｬ04 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ ｨｺ05ｨ 0909ｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨ07ｨｬ. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 0909ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ07 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0802ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ. 00ｨ ｨｬ 0906090902 ｨｪ0206ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 090502010609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 02ｨｦ, ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02 05ｨｰｨｨ01 0802ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ 04010608060906 0706ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09090602ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0708ｨｨｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 0906 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 0401020502ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02/07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09 0202 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｮ, 09ｨ ｨｬ, 06 ﾂ0209ｨｨ01ｨｪ06, 0708ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ /usr, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｰ06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｱ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 3.2. 080608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600: / 080608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090906 ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 02ｨｪ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 0909ｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 020006 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ (ｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ) 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ. 0006ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 ｨｨ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 09 ｨｨ01 ｨｺ05ｨ 0909ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ 02ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ: 6ｦ1 /bin: 09ｨ 03ｨｪ02ｨｦ03ｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 02ｨｪ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨ 0406090402 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 090902ｨｬｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04: ls, cp, login ｨｨ 0108. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /boot: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04 ﾂｨｨｨｺｨ GNU/Linux (GRUB ｨｨ05ｨｨ LILO 010507 Intel, yaboot 010507 PPC ｨｨ ｨｰ.07.). 00 ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 (ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ) 07010806, ｨｪ06 020905ｨｨ 07010806 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, ｨｰ060001ｨ 06ｨｪ06 01060503ｨｪ06 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ020906ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /dev: 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09 (dev 06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｪ0005. DEVices). 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴｨｨ020907 09 /dev, 0709050706ｨｰ0907 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, /dev/null, /dev/zero ｨｨ /dev/tty. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /etc: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208ｨ. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /home: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｬ (09 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ01 0902ｨｰ0701 ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ 06ｨｰｨｺ080409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ﾂ02080204 NFS). 0806ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 0506ｨ ｨｨｨｬ0401 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ (ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 0706 ﾂｨｰ06090401 ｨｺ05ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｮ0402080609) 08ｨ 09070605ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ( ｰ. ｱ). 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 Mozilla ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002.mozilla. 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ, 08ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /lib: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｨ, 03ｨｨ04ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04; 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0108ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ0907 ｨｬ0601ｨｮ05ｨｨ 070108ｨ 09 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /lib/modules/ -! /_/. 02ｨｪ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 /bin ｨｨ /sbin. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907: ｨｪ0206ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬ0706ｨｪ0609ｨｴｨｨｨｺ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨ 0702 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04 ﾂｨｨｨｺ ld*, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｬｨ 07 ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨ 05 libc.so. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 21

130105ｨ 09ｨ 3. 020800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0102080209ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 6ｦ1 /mnt: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 010507 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ /mnt/ cdrom, /mnt/floppy ｨｨ ｨｰ.07. 08ｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /mnt ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 (ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨ USB, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 /mnt/removable). 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /opt: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ02 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0402 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ04. 02ｨｪ 04ｨ 080204020809ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ 010507 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0401 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609; 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ04 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ Adobe Acrobat Reader ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 /opt. FHS 0802ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨｮ02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 (ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｨ, ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｨ, 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0204 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09 ｨｨ ｨｰ.07.), ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ0402 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /opt, 0706ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 020006 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ /opt/package_name, ｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504-09 /etc/opt. 6ｦ1 /root: 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 root ｯｨ. 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /sbin: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 090605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 root ｯ06ｨｬ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｰ060302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01, ｨｪ06 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ01 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨｮ05020904ｨｬ. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /tmp: ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ 010507 0108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 09060401ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ, ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /usr: ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ 09 04ｨ 0401. 3.3. 05ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, 08ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 /var: ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 010507 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ (ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0706 ﾂｨｰ06090402 09020809020804, 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ ｨ 05060102ｨｪｨｨ07, 09020809020804 0702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 0108.). 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ. 02ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ0402 020006 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0208ｨ 040102050702ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ. 3.3. /usr: 07080609ｨｰ06 090605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 08ｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /usr 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060006ｨｬ 010507 0108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ. 000902 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 010507 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ07 /usr ｨｬ060302ｨｰ, ｨ 04ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 0209ｨｰｨｹ, 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 000905020109ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 020006 (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06) ｨ 0605ｨｹ03060006 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ, /usr ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 09090606 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ06 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609. 0004 04ｨ ｨｰ0806ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01: 6ｦ1 /usr/x11r6: 070605ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ07 X Window System. 000902 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 X (09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 X-09020809020804) 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 04010209ｨｹ. 08ｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /usr/x11r6/lib/x11 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 ｨ 090702ｨｺｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ X, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0709050706ｨｰ0907 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ 010507 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ02080609. 06ｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208ｨ 01060503ｨｪ04 0706ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 /etc/x11; 6ｦ1 /usr/bin: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 0906ｨ ｨ 07 ｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪｨ 07 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｦ 010507 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｪ02 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨ 010507 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 01060503ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 0301ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 09ｨ ｨｬ0609ｨｰ0607ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｨ05ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ02: 06ｨｪｨｨ 01060503ｨｪ04 0706ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 /usr/local; 6ｦ1 /usr/lib: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ, ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴｨｨ010907 09 /usr/bin ｨｨ /usr/sbin. 06ｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ /usr/lib/x11, ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｪｨ /usr/x11r6/lib - ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ06ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｨ X Window System (ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06, 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ X); 1. 6ｦ1 /usr/local: 05ｨｰ06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06, ｨｺｨｮ01ｨ 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0506ｨ 0402 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｨ05ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｨ09010601ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06010609. 0308060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 01060503ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬｨｮ06 ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ06. 6ｦ1 /usr/share: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 ｨ 0707ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06-ｨｪ0204ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ04 /usr. 05080201ｨｨ 0909020006 070806 ﾂ020006 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06 ﾂｨ 0906090401 07060709ｨ 01 ｨｨ 080200ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨ 01 (0506ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ) (zoneinfo ｨｨ locale). 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ /usr/share/doc ｨｨ /usr/share/man, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 090601020803ｨ ｨｰ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｺ 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0402 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0204 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09. 1. 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 X Window 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 Mandriva Linux 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 X Window System ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 Xorg. 22

133.4. /var: 0604ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 0105ｨ 09ｨ 3. 020800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0102080209ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 08ｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /var 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ. 00 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨ01 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /tmp, 05ｨｰｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 01060503ｨｪ04 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪ02ｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｮｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 0702080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ. 00 ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨｪ060006 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, 0906ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 0706050204ｨｪ0401: 6ｦ1 /var/log: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 010507 090407090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02ｨｨ090708ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ 09 09090602ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 (060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨ 0109ｨ : /var/log/messages ｨｨ /var/log/kernel/errors). 6ｦ1 /var/run: ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 0905020302ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 090902ｨｬｨｨ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 09 ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 0202 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ, 0706040906050707 09ｨ ｨｬ 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ080609ｨｪ07 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 (09ｨｬ. 0105. 11). 6ｦ1 /var/spool: 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 0603ｨｨ01ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ0401 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨｨ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, /var/spool/cups 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 090208090208ｨ 0702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｨ, ｨ /var/spool/mail 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0706 ﾂｨｰ0609060006 090208090208ｨ (ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 090906 0901060107ｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｨ ｨｨ0901060107ｨｴｨｮ06 0706 ﾂｨｰｨｮ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04). 3.5. /etc: 0806ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 /etc - 05ｨｰ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 09ｨ ｨｬ0401 03ｨｨ04ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ UNIX 03, 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｨｨｪ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 010609ｨｰｨ. 01ｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮ01ｨ 0507ｨｦｨｰ02 020006 010507 06090906ｨ 06030102ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609060006 07080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ! 0906050202 ｨｰ060006, 020905ｨｨ 0904 030205ｨ 02ｨｰ02 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨｮ 09ｨ 03020006 0102080209ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 040102050609, 04ｨ 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 /etc ｨｪ02 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205: 06ｨｪ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ 010507 ｨｨｨｪｨｨ02ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 0106050302ｨｪ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ0406 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504: 6ｦ1 passwd ｨｨ shadow: 05ｨｰ06 0109ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06090401 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0108ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ0907 090902 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｨ01 04ｨ 03ｨｨ00080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 07ｨ 080605ｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 0004 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05 shadow ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ02ｨｪ02090402 07ｨ 080605ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 0706 090606ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. 6ｦ1 inittab: 05ｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 init, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨｨ0008ｨ 02ｨｰ 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨｮ06 080605ｨｹ 09 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 6ｦ1 services: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 0902ｨｰ02090401 0905ｨｮ03ｨ. 6ｦ1 profile: 05ｨｰ06 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05shell ｯｨ. 030006 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 070208020607080201020502ｨｪ04 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ shell ｯ0609. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208,.bashrc 010507 shell ｯｨ bash. 6ｦ1 crontab: ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 010507 cron - 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04, 06ｨｰ0902 ﾂｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 04ｨ 070208ｨｨ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ0602 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ. 020507 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 ﾂｨｨ090506 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ0402 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ. 06ｨｰ06 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0907, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｺ X Window System, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ 090902 090906ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /etc/x11. 23

130105ｨ 09ｨ 3. 020800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0102080209ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 24

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 00ｨ 03ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ GNU/Linux ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 030209ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 ｨｬ04 06ｨ 09ｨｮ01ｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨ 090702ｨｺｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 09 GNU/Linux, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 06ｨｪｨｨ 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 06ｨｰ. 4.1. 0508ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ 00 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 010507 090906ｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 06ｨｰ000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 09 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨ 05000608ｨｨｨｰｨｬ0609. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ, ｨｰ06 0904ｨ 0608 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｪ02 0906090902ｨｬ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰ02ｨｪ. 0004 09ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰ0202 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0906090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 09 Mandriva Linux. 4.1.1. 04ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 4.1.1.1. Ext2 Second Extended Filesystem (0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ06 0409ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ext2fs ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07080609ｨｰ06 ext2) ｨｬｨｪ060006 0502ｨｰ ｨ 0405ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ GNU/Linux 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. 02ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ05ｨ Extended File System (0906ｨｰ 06ｨｰｨｺｨｮ01ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 07060709ｨｨ050609ｨｹ ｰSecond ｱ). ext2 ｨｮ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ0402 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 090906020006 07080201ｨｺｨ. ext2 0906ｨ 050601ｨ 02ｨｰ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ0402 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰ04 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ UNIX 03 -ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ. 05 09ｨ ｨｬ060006 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 06ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨ 010507 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ03020006 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ07, 09060108ｨ ｨｪ0707 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 09040906ｨｺｨｮ06 06ｨｰｨｺｨ 0406ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ090609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 0106080603ｨｮ06 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ. 03080201ｨｮ070802030102ｨｪｨｨ02: 0702080201 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ, 06ｨｪ 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ. 4.1.1.2. Ext3 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, Third Extended File System 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 09050201ｨｪｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ ext2. 02ｨｪｨ 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｬｨ 09 070609050201ｨｪ02ｨｦ, ｨｪ06 ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 09 ﾂ02ｨｰ 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0201ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ0401 ｨｪ02010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺ0609 ｰｨｰ08ｨ 01ｨｨ02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｱ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ext2 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨｨ090609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨｪ0204ｨ 07ｨｪ04ｨｬ 07ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04(06ｨｰｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 050502ｨｺｨｰ08ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨ 06ｨｦ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ060006 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07). 000606ｨ ｨｴ02 000609060807, 0708ｨｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ0302ｨｦ 0702080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 09ｨｨ0104 0906ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ09060107ｨｰ ｨｺ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0106050006ｨｦ 070806090208ｨｺ02 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 07060704ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ090708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪ060001ｨ 0708ｨｨ090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ 02ｨｴ02 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ 0706090802030102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. 06ｨｰ06 08ｨ 0408ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ06000506 ｨ 04 0708ｨｨ090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 070605ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ020802 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬ0401 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 04ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ0902 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 04ｨ 08020302ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬ04. 020507 ｨｮ070806ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ 0006090608ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 04ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ 02ｨｬ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 (ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ) 0106 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 06ｨｪｨｨ 070806ｨｨ0901060107ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502. 0004 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ ｨ 04 0908ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 08ｨ 04 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09020102ｨｰ ｨｺｨ 07ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪ ｨｺ0608ｨ ｨ 0507, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨ 0608ｨｰ060906ｨｦ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ 02030201ｨｪ0209ｨｪ0401 0906ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨｨｦ. 00 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02 ｨｬ04 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02ｨｬ 0909020001ｨ 09060005ｨ 090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 08 020905ｨｨ 090604ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬ04, 070806090208ｨｺｨ ｨｨ 06ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ02 0904070605ｨｪ0706ｨｰ0907 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨ 0409ｨｰ0806. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 090802ｨｬ07, 0706ｨｰ08ｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｪｨ 070806090208ｨｺｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 07080607060802ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 0202 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ ｨｪ02 09090704ｨ ｨｪ06 09 0202 08ｨ 04ｨｬ020806ｨｬ. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ext3 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ0201ｨｪ06050600ｨｨ06 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 09 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 ext2, 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 07 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ. 06ｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮ070806ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ 07020802010601 09 ext2 ｨｪｨ ext3 ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 010507 ext2, 0702080201 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ, 06ｨｪ 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ. 25

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 4.1.1.3. ReiserFS 00 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ ext3 reiserfs ｨ 0405ｨ ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｪｨｮ0507. 06ｨｰ06 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 ext3, ｨｪ06 0204 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ0707 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 08ｨ 01ｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 09 ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ0102ｨｨ 010906ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ060006 0102080209ｨ, ｨｪｨ 090207ｨｪｨｪ0402 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 010507 ｨ ｨ 04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ 0204 0607ｨｰｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 09 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ (ｨｰ040907 ﾂｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0906ｨｰｨｪ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ040907 ﾂ) ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 02ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 010608060306 09020104ｨｰ 0902ｨ 07 0708ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 0706040906050702ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0204 010507 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 02020502ｨｦ. 04ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ ｰｨｪｨ 0502ｨｰｨｮ ｱ, ｨ 0204 08ｨ 04ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 4.1.1.4. JFS JFS - 05ｨｰ06 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ, 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 09 IBM. 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰ06ｨｦ, ｨｪ06 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺ0608070608ｨ 02ｨｨ07 IBM 080203ｨｨ05ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 0109ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ06 04ｨ 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ0602 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ0602 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 0302 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ0707 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0802 reiserfs. 00 GNU/Linux 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ. 4.1.1.5. XFS XFS - 05ｨｰ06 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ, 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09 SGI, ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 09 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 Irix. 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰ06ｨｦ, ｨｪ06 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬ 09 SGI ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 080203ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 010507 0109ｨｨ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ0602 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ0602 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 0302 09ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ0707 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ060006 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 07060101020803ｨｺｨ 07080607ｨｮ09ｨｺｨｪ06ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, 05ｨｺ09ｨｰ02ｨｪｨｰ04 (ｨｪ02070802080409ｨｪ0402 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 09 070807ｨｬ04ｨｬ 010609ｨｰｨｮ0706ｨｬ, 080204020809ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 010507 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401) ｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｰ0208ｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 (ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09020809ｨｨｨｨ). 00 GNU/Linux 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪｨｮ ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 0004 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006. 0604ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 4.1.2. 04ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ Ext2 Ext3 ReiserFS JFS XFS 05ｨｰｨ ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 02ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪｨ 07 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 01060806030202 0906080603ｨ 07 05080201ｨｪ0202 0906080603ｨ 07 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 010507 0309ｨｰｨｹ (ｨｺ06ｨｬ070502ｨｺ09) 0309ｨｰｨｹ (ｨｺ06ｨｬ070502ｨｺ09) 0102ｨｰ 0102ｨｰ 0102ｨｰ 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 05ｨｺ06080609ｨｰｨｹ 0702080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ 0706090502 07ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 0206050006, 01ｨ 0302 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0106050006 090409ｨｰ0806 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨ 0409ｨｰ0806 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨ 0409ｨｰ0806 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨ 0409ｨｰ0806 26

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 050609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 07ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 03060101020803ｨｺｨ ACL Ext2 Ext3 ReiserFS JFS XFS 000606ｨ ｨｴ02 000609060807, 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 01060806030202 05080201ｨｪ0202a 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 01060806030202 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 01060806030202 01060806030202, ｨｪ06 09040906ｨｺ 08ｨｨ09ｨｺ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 070605ｨｪ06ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ0208ｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 02ｨ 02ｨ 0102ｨｰ 0102ｨｰ 02ｨ 0308ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ07: a. 06ｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 0706090502 07ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｬ02ｨｰｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, 07060908020109ｨｰ0906ｨｬ 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 060702ｨｨｨｨ data=journal 09 /etc/fstab. 06ｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ02ｨ 4-1. 09ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 00ｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ080609 (ｨｰ.02. 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨ 010507 ext2/ext3), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 01ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ030202 08ｨ 0409ｨｨｨｰｨｨ02, 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09020809ｨｨｨｨ 070108ｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0801ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804. 00 07010802 2.6.X 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 070802010205 ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 070108ｨ, 09ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｨ05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 09 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 07060101020803ｨｺ06ｨｦ Large Block Device (CONFIG_LBD=y). 05ｨ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨ ｨｬ Adding Support for Arbitrary File Sizes to the Single UNIX Specification (http: //www.unix.org/version2/whatsnew/lfs.html), Large File Support in Linux (http://www.suse.com/ aj/ linux_lfs.html) ｨｨ Large Block Devices (http://www.gelato.unsw.edu.au/ia64wiki/largeblockdevices). 05 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 00ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 07060101020803ｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0202 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 010609ｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｹ 04ｨｬｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 0609 ｨ 0204 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｨ 0204 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｰ0708ｨｨｨｬ06 ﾂ02ｨｺ ｱ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 05ｨｰ06 09010205ｨ ｨｪ06 09 JFS 010507 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 4.1.3. 08 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 09 ﾂ04ｨｰ 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ? 0508ｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0909020001ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 09050603ｨｪ06. 000902 ｨｰ0209ｨｰ04 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 090906ｨｨ 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0609ｨｰ06080603ｨｪ06. 0508ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07, 07080609020102ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｬ020907020209 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ02010205ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｮ0302 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ 080205ｨｨ. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨ 0409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 0902000601ｨｪ0703ｨｪ0202 06ｨ 0608ｨｮ010609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 (060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ 0902ｨｰ0907 02ｨｬｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｨ 030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨ01 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609) 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮ0905ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 08ｨ 04ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 08ｨ 0301ｨ 07 ｨｨ04 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 090906ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ02010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 00 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 090902 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 09090606 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨｮ. 020507 07080609ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04 09070605ｨｪ02 0109ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ ext2. 020507 090208090208ｨ 070802010706 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 06ｨｰ01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ext3. reiserfs, 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04-04ｨ 0202 070806ｨｨ090106030102ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 070601010601ｨｨｨｰ 010507 090208090208ｨ ｨ ｨ 04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. JFS ｨ 06050202 070802010706 ﾂｨｰｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0701, 000102 ｨｪｨ 0702080906ｨｬ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. XFS ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04 0202 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｪ0402 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 0308ｨｨ ｰ06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｱ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, 090902 05ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｰ040802 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 01ｨ 06ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｺ06090402 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ04 ｨｨ 090902 06ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 06ｨｰ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 010507 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 070601 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ0402 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨｨ. 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0706 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ. 4.2. 000904 0709050702ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ 00 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ0002 05ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰ06090602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906 0904 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ 06 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ0701 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ 0708ｨ 09 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ, ｨｪ06 010507 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ UNIX 03 (ｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ Linux), ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｬ04 04ｨ ｨｪ060906 06070802010205ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02 ｰ ﾁｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｱ. 05010209ｨｹ ｰ090902 ｱ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 090902. 040209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ, 08ｨ 04010205 ｨｪｨ 030209ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02, 07ｨ 08ｨ 05050205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 070608ｨｰ, 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｮ, ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨ Ethernet - 090902 05ｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 02ｨ 0302 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. Linux 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨｰｨｨ070609 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 0106070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｬ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 04010209ｨｹ 070601 ｨｰｨｨ0706ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ04 ｨｪ02 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｬ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ : 09 GNU/Linux, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 UNIX 03, 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ ｨｰ06 ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 PNG, 010906ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｰ06-05ｨｨｨ 06 02ｨｴ02-05ｨｰ06 07080609ｨｰ06 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰ0609. 04ｨ 0401020502ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 ｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ 070802010609ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. 27

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 4.2.1. 04ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 08060001ｨ 0904 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ls -l, 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 0702080201 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 060708020102050702ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 0004 ｨｮ0302 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 0109ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 (-) ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ (d). 08060001ｨ 0904 ｨ 080601ｨｨｨｰ02 0706 0102080209ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 07080609ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ02 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0909ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: 1. 08ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ : 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0709050706ｨｰ0907 05ｨｨｨ 06 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ /dev/null, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0302 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ), 05ｨｨｨ 06 070208ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｦｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ(0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07ｨ 08ｨ 05050205ｨｹｨｪ0402 070608ｨｰ04), 01ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨｪ06ｨｦ 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 (020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ06 0209ｨｰｨｹ) ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 (ｨｰ.02. 06ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0907 09 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ). 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ c. 2. 08ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ : 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0709050706ｨｰ0907 070208ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｦｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ, 09 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907. 08ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨｨｨ 0709050706ｨｰ0907, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｨ, 08ｨ 0401020504 030409ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ, 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609060104, 0708ｨｨ09060104 CD-ROM ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ 0108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 0308ｨｨｨｬ020804 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ : /dev/hda, /dev/sda5. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ b. 3. 05ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ: 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0709050706ｨｰ0907 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 09 070806020201ｨｮ0802 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 Mandriva Linux (09ｨｬ. 0105. 11). 08ｨ ｨｺ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ04 ｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, ｨｨ01 020205ｨｹ - 090907040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ. 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｬｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ. 02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｰ ｰｨｬ0700ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｱ, ｨｨ 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ ｰl ｱ. 4. 06ｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504: 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ 09 05ｨｰ06 ｨｮ01ｨｨ09ｨｨ0506, ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 06ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 0209ｨｰｨｹ. 02ｨ, 06ｨｪｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706010603ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 01 shell ｯｨ, ｨｪ06 09 ｨｰ06ｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｪｨｨ0202ｨｦ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609 ｨｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 06ｨｪｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 080201ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｬｨ 05060902080607ｨｰｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 0909ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨ01 0906 090802ｨｬ07 090906020006 07ｨｮｨｰ02030209ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 0706 0102080209ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ p. 05ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 08ｨ 04010205 04ｨ 0401. 4.4. 5. 0506ｨｺ02ｨｰ04: 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 010507 09090201 0902ｨｰ02090401 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 08 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 0005ｨ 09ｨｪ0602, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｰｨｨ070609 0906ｨｺ02ｨｰ0609, ｨ 09090704ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ﾂ02080204 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｰｨｨ070609, ｨｪ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｮ0302 0904010601ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ s. 0006ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: $ ls -l /dev/null /dev/sda /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/s20random /proc/554/maps /tmp/ssh-queen/ssh-510-agent crw-rw-rw- 1 root root 1, 3 May 5 1998 /dev/null brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 May 5 1998 /dev/sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Dec 9 19:12 /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/ S20random ->../init.d/random* pr--r--r-- 1 queen queen 0 Dec 10 20:23 /proc/554/maps srwx------ 1 queen queen 0 Dec 10 20:08 /tmp/ssh-queen/ ssh-510-agent= $ 4.2.2. Inode ｯ04 Inode ｯ04-05ｨｰ06 00ｨｮｨｪ01ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04UNIX 03 ｨｪｨ 080701ｨｮ 09 07ｨ 08ｨ 01ｨｨ00ｨｬ06ｨｦ ｰ000902 0709050702ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ ｱ. 0505060906 ｰinode ｱ - 05ｨｰ06 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ Information NODE (ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｮ040205). Inode ｯ04 0108ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 09 ｨｰｨ ｨ 05ｨｨ0202 inode. 02ｨｪｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 010507 09090201 ｨｰｨｨ070609 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504, 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 01ｨ 050202. 02ｨｰ090601ｨ 0904ｨｰ02ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00ｨ 07 ｨｨ04090209ｨｰｨｪｨ 07 0008ｨ 04ｨ : ｰInode - 05ｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｱ. 0308ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ inode ｯ0609 UNIX 03 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ. 02ｨ, 0904 090902 090208ｨｪ06 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ: UNIX 03 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｪ02 0706 020006 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, ｨ 0706 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨｮ 020006 inode 1. 0308ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ060006 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0302 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 1. 00ｨ 03ｨｪ06: 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ inode ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04 09 070802010205ｨ 01 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｰ.02. inode 09 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0302 ｨｪ06ｨｬ020806ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 06ｨｰ06 0708ｨｨ090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ06090401 inode ｯ0609 ｨｨ inode ｯ0609 "09 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ". 00 ｨｰ06 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0109ｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ06090401 inode ｯｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｺ06090402 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0109ｨｮ01 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 01, inode ｯ04 "09 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ" ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ, ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 010507 090902ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 08020302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ - 010503 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0609060006 inode ｯｨ 070806ｨｰｨｨ09 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ. 28

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ. 00 UNIX 03 ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ - 05ｨｰ06 07080609ｨｰ06 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 inode. 06ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09090405ｨｺ06ｨｦ. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06. 4.3. 05090405ｨｺｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0602 09090405ｨｺｨ, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 09060401ｨ 01ｨｨｨｬ (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ) 00ｨ ｨｦ05: $ pwd /home/queen/example $ ls $ touch a $ ls -il a 32555 -rw-r--r-- 1 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:26 a 020702ｨｨ07 -i ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ls 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 inode 09 0702080906ｨｬ 07060502 0904010601ｨｪ0401 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, 0106 ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ04 09060401ｨ 05ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 a, 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｪ02 ｨ 040506 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ02 07060502, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 0909040506ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 (ｨｪｨｮ... ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0909040506ｨｺ ｨｪｨ inode). 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ touch a ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 08ｨ 04010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0109ｨ ｨｪ0204ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0401 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07: 6ｦ1 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 inode ｯｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬｨｮ 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 0708ｨｨ090906ｨｨ05ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 32555, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ; 6ｦ1 ｨｨ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ inode 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ a 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /home/queen/example. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /home/queen/example/a - 05ｨｰ06 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ inode 09 ｨｪ06ｨｬ020806ｨｬ 32555, ｨｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 06ｨｪｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ: 09 ﾂ02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ 0909040506ｨｺ 0706ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 1. 08 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0909020102ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: $ ln a b $ ls -il a b 32555 -rw-r--r-- 2 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:26 a 32555 -rw-r--r-- 2 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:26 b $ 0004 09060401ｨ 05ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｮ06 09090405ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ inode. 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, ｨｬ04 ｨｪ02 09060401ｨ 05ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ b. 00ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｬ04 07080609ｨｰ06 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｮ06 09090405ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪｨ inode 070601 ｨｪ06ｨｬ020806ｨｬ 32555 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0302 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ090906ｨｨ05ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｪ060906ｨｦ 09090405ｨｺ02 ｨｨｨｬ07 b. 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, 090401ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ ls -l, 09 ﾂ02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ 0909040506ｨｺ 010507 inode ｯｨ ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 08ｨ 0902ｨｪ 2, ｨ ｨｪ02 1. 0602070208ｨｹ 010205ｨ 02ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: $ rm a $ ls -il b 32555 -rw-r--r-- 1 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:26 b $ 0004 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ 0302 ｨｪ0209ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｰ0608ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｱ, inode 090902 08ｨ 09ｨｪ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ. 0106 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ inode - 05ｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ /home/queen/example/b. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 UNIX 03 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ; 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 05ｨｰ060006 06ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 0601ｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0909040506ｨｺ 09 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 01. 05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0108ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ0907 09 inode ｯｨ 01. 080605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 0909040506ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ01 09060907ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 09 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ ｨｨ01 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609. 06ｨｰ06 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0905020109ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ060006 00ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 010507 09090201 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬ 010902 09090405ｨｺｨｨ: 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 (06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ.) ｨｨ 020006 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 (06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ..). 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬ ﾂ02ｨｰ040802 09090405ｨｺｨｨ:.,.. ｨｨ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ ｨｨ04 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609. 06ｨｨ07ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ0209090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 (ｨｰ.02. ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｪ) 0709050706ｨｰ0907 0902ｨｰ02090402 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 0004 ｨｪｨｨｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨ 0302ｨｬｨｮ 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ 0902ｨ -09ｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｮ Mandriva Linux (www.mandrivalinux.com), 09 09090604ｨｬ 010208020902 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨ 04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 0904 020006 ｨｪ02 ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ. 08ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06, ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05 09 shell ｯ02, inode, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｮ, 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, ｨｪ06 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ020006 ｨｪ02ｨｰ. 0208ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020806ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 inode ｯ0609 ｨ 0204 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 0004 09060401ｨ 04ｨｰ02 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 06ｨｰｨｺ080409ｨ 02ｨｰ02 020006, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ02. 08ｨ ｨｦ05 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, 0706ｨｺｨ 06ｨｪ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ, ｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 020006 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 29

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ (ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 010507 020006 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｨ07). 02ｨｰ090601ｨ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 020905ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 09020803ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨｦｨｪ06, 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ0907 ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ. 4.4. ｰ08ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪ0402 ｱ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 090208ｨｪ02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｺ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｮ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 070609ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 06ｨｪ 090209ｨｹｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208020902ｨｪ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0709050702ｨｰ0907 010608060302ｨｦ ｨｨ05050609ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 010507 0706ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0909040506ｨｺ. 08060001ｨ 0904 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05, shell 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ 010507 09ｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05 ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0702080201 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0506ｨｬ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 09 ｨｪ020006 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ, ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0706090502 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ ｨｨ04 ｨｪ020006 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 000902 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ (ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 09 shell ｯｨ 01) ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ (09ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｨ0302), 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ07ｨｮ 07080609ｨｰ06ｨｦ 06 ﾂ02080201ｨｨ FIFO (First In, First Out, ｰ0702080904ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ030205-0702080904ｨｬ 06ｨ 0905ｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｱ). 0004 ｨｮ0302 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609 09 shell ｯ02, ｨｪ06 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 0904000507ｨｪ02ｨｬ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 010507 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰ060006 0708ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ07ｨ : $ ls -d /proc/[0-9] head -5 /proc/1/ /proc/2/ /proc/3/ /proc/4/ /proc/5/ 0201ｨｪ06 06ｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ0906, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 0904 ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802(0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 070806ｨｨ09010601ｨｨｨｰ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨ 0409ｨｰ0806), 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ080609ｨｺ02 04ｨ 07ｨｨ0902ｨｦ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504. 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ls 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05, 06ｨｪ ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 0106 ｨｰ0201 070608, 0706ｨｺｨ 07080602020909 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 05000002ｨｺｨｰ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402, 09 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0401 shell ｯｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ (ｨｰ.02. 06ｨｪｨｨ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, 09 ｨｰ06 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 shell ｯｨ - ｨｪ02ｨｰ) 2. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ - mkfifo: $ mkfifo a_pipe $ ls -il total 0 169 prw-rw-r-- 1 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:37 a_pipe # # 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ﾂ04ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ 0909040506ｨｺ 08ｨ 0902ｨｪ 1, # ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0506ｨｬ ( ｯp ｯ). # # 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 04010209ｨｹ ln: # # You can also use ln here: # $ ln a_pipe the_same_pipe $ ls -il total 0 169 prw-rw-r-- 2 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:37 a_pipe 169 prw-rw-r-- 2 queen queen 0 Aug 6 19:37 the_same_pipe $ ls -d /proc/[0-9] >a_pipe # # 03080602020909 04ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04. # 01ｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Control Z, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909... # [1]+ Stopped ls -F --show-control-chars --color=auto -d /proc/[0-9] >a_pipe # #...05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｹｨｰ02 020006 09 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ: # $ bg [1]+ ls -F --show-control-chars --color=auto -d /proc/[0-9] >a_pipe & # # ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ... # $ head -5 <the_same_pipe # #...07080602020909 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ 04ｨ 09020803ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 # /proc/1/ /proc/2/ /proc/3/ /proc/4/ /proc/5/ [1]+ Done ls -F --show-control-chars --color=auto -d /proc/[0-9] >a_pipe 2. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609, ｨｪ06 05ｨｰ06 0904010601ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｨ. 30

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux $ 08ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ060302 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907. 030905ｨｨ ｨｬ04 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨ09020102ｨｪｨｪ0402 09040302 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 09 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 0706080701ｨｺ02, ｨｬ04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ head ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, 0603ｨｨ01ｨ 07, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ-05ｨｨｨ 06 07080602020909 01ｨ 05 02ｨｦ ﾂｨｰ06-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ: $ head -5 <a_pipe # # 0308060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ 04ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ, 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ02 0204: C-z # [1]+ Stopped head -5 <a_pipe # # 02ｨｰ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｬ 0204 09 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ... # $ bg [1]+ head -5 <a_pipe & # #...06 09ｨｺｨ 08ｨｬ05ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｬ 02ｨｦ ﾂｨｰ06-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ :) # $ ls -d /proc/[0-9] >the_same_pipe /proc/1/ /proc/2/ /proc/3/ /proc/4/ /proc/5/ [1]+ Done head -5 <a_pipe $ 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02030205ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 05000002ｨｺｨｰ 09 070802010401ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802: ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ls 04ｨ 09020803ｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ 0106 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0909ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｨ05ｨ 09 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ head. 00 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02 0904 ｨｪ02ｨｬ02010502ｨｪｨｪ06 0906040908ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ090605ｨｨ, ｨ head 0904070605ｨｪｨｨ05ｨ 09ｨｹ 0706040302, ｨｨ 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 0202 0904090601 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0706090502 0906040908ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 4.5. 05070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504: 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 ｨｨ ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ0302 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 050609ｨｹ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09060401ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 05ｨｨｨ 06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ, 05ｨｨｨ 06 070208ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｦｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｮ0706ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708060102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06, 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｹｨｰ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02ｨｰｨｮ 09 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ06090601 ｨｨ 0109ｨ 030104 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ: $ dd if=/dev/fd0 of=/dev/null 0004 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: 0708ｨｨ 0702080906ｨｬ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨ 040506 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪ06 090902 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02ｨｰ04. 0306090502 09ｨｰ0608060006 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ06090601ｨｮ ｨｪ02 ｨ 040506 090606ｨ ｨｴ02. 06ｨｰ06 070806ｨｨ09010601ｨｨｨｰ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02ｨｰ04 ｨ 040506 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ 0702080906ｨｬ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｪ ｨ 0904 ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ020006 ｨｪ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0705ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02ｨｰ02 0702080201 09ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 08 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 08ｨ 090702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ (01ｨ, 05ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ): $ cat /ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ/0708ｨｨ000601ｨｪ04ｨｦ/010507/08ｨ 090702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｺｨｨ/00ｨ ｨｦ05/000102-ｨｰ06 >/dev/lp0 0004070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 04ｨ ｨｦｨｬ02ｨｰ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 02ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, ｨｪ0204ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ06 06ｨｰ ｨｰ060006, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 04 0904 0202 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ: 0601ｨｨｨｪ, 0109ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0707ｨｰｨｹ01020907ｨｰ. 06ｨｰ06 09090704ｨ ｨｪ06 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 /dev/lp0-05ｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｨ 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907. 08090502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 0106080603ｨｨｨｬ 0706ｨ 06 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 05000002ｨｺｨｰ06ｨｬ: ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｨ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ. 06ｨｰ06 0706040906050702ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨ 09ｨｨｨｪ010806ｨｪｨｪ06: ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 04ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ07 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｦ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ ｨｪ02 070806ｨｨ09010601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｬ02010502ｨｪｨｪ06. 02ｨｪｨ 070806ｨｨ0406ｨｦ0102ｨｰ ｨｰ060001ｨ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 07010806 Linux 080203ｨｨｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906. 0806ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ06, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0702080206070802010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06 010507 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 0904000507ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 060702ｨｨｨｨ sync ｨｨ async ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ mount(8), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 0401. 4.7 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 06 09 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 09ｨｰｨ 0803ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｬ05ｨ 0103ｨｨｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ. 00 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, 0904090601ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ ls -l 06ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 010507 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 01ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208: $ ls -l /dev/hdc /dev/lp0 brw-rw---- 1 queen cdrom 22, 0 Feb 23 19:18 /dev/hdc crw-rw---- 1 root root 6, 0 Feb 23 19:17 /dev/lp0 31

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux Here, the major and minor of /dev/hdc are 22 and 0, whereas for /dev/lp0, they are 6 and 0. Note that these numbers are unique per file category, which means that there can be a character mode file with major 22 and minor 0, and similarly, there can be a block mode file with major 6 and minor 0. These numbers exist for a simple reason: it allows the kernel to associate the correct operations to these files (that is, to the peripherals these files refer to): you don ｯt handle a floppy drive the same way as, say, a SCSI hard drive. 4.6. 05ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ. 020008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｰ030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨ01 ｱ 0909040506ｨｺ 05010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 0904ｨｪｨｮ030102ｨｪ04 09ｨｰ0605ｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ0907 09 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 04ｨ ｨ 05ｨｮ030102ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ (01ｨ 0302 09080201ｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ UNIX 03 ), ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905020109ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 09090405ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ04 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ0202 (ｨｪ02090208ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ0402 ｰ030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｱ 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ), ｨ 09090602ｨｨｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ (ｨｨ ｨｬ04 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｪ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 01ｨ 0302 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｰ09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｱ). 0106 010507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｬ04 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｲ0709ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 0302 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ( ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ0402 ｰｨｬ0700ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｱ 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 02ｨｴ02 ﾂｨ ｨｴ02 ｰ09ｨｨｨｬ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｱ). 05ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ - 05ｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 060906ｨ 060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ, 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 090601020803ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0709050702ｨｰ0907 070806ｨｨ04090605ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ (ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ) ｨｪｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 08060001ｨ 0904 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09090405ｨｺ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ02, ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0904 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 06ｨｪｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208: $ echo Hello >myfile $ ln -s myfile mylink $ ls -il total 4 169 -rw-rw-r-- 1 queen queen 6 Dec 10 21:30 myfile 416 lrwxrwxrwx 1 queen queen 6 Dec 10 21:30 mylink -> myfile $ cat myfile Hello $ cat mylink Hello 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, ｨｰｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ mylink - ｯl ｯ (06ｨｰ 09050609ｨ Link), ｨｰ.02. 06ｨｪ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09090405ｨｺ06ｨｦ. 0308ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 010507 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ: 06ｨｪｨｨ 0909020001ｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ rwxrwxrwx. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨ ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 myfile - 05ｨｰ06 0109ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0202 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 inode 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907. 0106 06ｨｪｨ 09090405ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ020006 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 09090601ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ cat mylink, ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 0904 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ02 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ myfile. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708060102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 070806ｨｨ04090605ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: $ ln -s "07 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05" 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺ $ ls -il 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺ 418 lrwxrwxrwx 1 queen queen 20 Dec 10 21:43 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺ -> 07 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 $ cat 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺ cat: 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺ: No such file or directory $ 0106 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨ 05ｨ 000601ｨ 0807 ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪｨｨ 070802060106050209ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 0708ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｴｨｨ01 ( ｰ030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｱ) 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬ: 6ｦ1 0004 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09090405ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪｨ inode 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 0308ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 07080609ｨｰｨ : 09 ﾂ02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0907 09 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ inode ｯ02, ｨ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 01. 08 09ｨｨｨｬ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺｨｨ 0706040906050706ｨｰ 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06. 6ｦ1 0004 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, 0906 ｨｨ04ｨ 0203ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 02ｨｨｨｺ050609 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 0106 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｬ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺ, ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 020905ｨｨ ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 ｨ 0405 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪ04 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨ0701, ｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 050601ｨｨ 09ｨｰ0802ｨｬ07ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 010507 090907040409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 01ｨ 0302 ｨｰ060001ｨ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 09090405ｨｺｨｮ. 0201ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ060006 090907040409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｪ02 0706ｨｰ02080702ｨｰ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰ02 ｰ0608ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｱ. 06 ｨｪｨ 07060905020106ｨｺ, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04, ｨｰ06 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 09ｨｨｨｬ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺｨ - 05ｨｰ06 07080609ｨｰ06 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 32

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 4.7. 08ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 03060106ｨ ｨｪ06 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 FAT, ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 (ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ, 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ, 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ, ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07), 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 GNU/Linux ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 090906ｨｨ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907. 0004 09ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰ0202 070806ｨｦ0102ｨｬ0907 0706 ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 010507 070605ｨｪ06ｨｰ04 0706090209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 06ｨｪｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 080201ｨｺ06. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 04ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ - ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 01ｨ 05ｨｹ0302. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 010902 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 010507 ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ : lsattr ｨｨ chattr. 0004, ｨｪｨ 090208ｨｪ0602, 010600ｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ lsattr 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ( ｰLiSt ｱ) ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ0609, ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ chattr ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ ( ｰCHange ｱ) ｨｨ01. 06ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 ｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 01ｨｨ0302 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ04 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ0609, 070605ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 09 chattr(1): 1. A ( ｰno Access time ｱ): 020905ｨｨ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ, ｨｰ06, 090907ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ 04 0708ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｮ 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ, ｨｮ ｨｪ020006 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 06ｨ ｨｪ06090507ｨｰｨｹ0907 090802ｨｬ07 070609050201ｨｪ020006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ. 06ｨｰ06 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪ06, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ 06ｨｰ0907 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07, 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08 09 inode, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 0708ｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｨｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 2. a ( ｰappend only ｱ): 020905ｨｨ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ, ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ, ｨｰ06 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ06ｨｦ 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺ 020006 070802010401ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ. 020507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 05ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07020802ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｪ060006 ｨｨ04 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 060605ｨｹｨｺ06 root ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ. 3. d ( ｰno dump ｱ): dump - 05ｨｰ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪｨ 07 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ UNIX 03 010507 080204020809ｨｪ060006 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 02ｨｪｨ 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｬ07 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 09 ﾂ02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ 01ｨ ｨｬ070609 08ｨ 0902ｨｪ 1 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 /etc/fstab (09ｨｬ. 0105. 6). 0106 020905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, ｨｰ06 06ｨｪ, 09 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 06ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07080607ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ 09ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｬ07ｨ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 0708ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺ02 020006 010507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 08ｨ 0907080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 090902 ｨｨ01 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 4. i ( ｰimmutable ｱ): 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ06ｨｬ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ: 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 07020802ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｪｨ ｨｪ020006 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨ 09090405ｨｺｨ 3 ｨｨ 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪ. 060605ｨｹｨｺ06 root ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0708020106ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 070609050201ｨｪ020006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰA, 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ i. 5. s ( ｰsecure deletion ｱ): ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨ 0506ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 06ｨｪ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨｮ0507ｨｬｨｨ. 6. S ( ｰSynchronous mode ｱ): 020905ｨｨ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ, 090902 020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｨｨｪ010806ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬ02010502ｨｪｨｪ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 08 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｮ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ i ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨ04ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ06 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｨ04ｨ 0203ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ020708ｨｨ07ｨｰｨｪ0401 0906080708ｨｨ040609. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302, 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ A ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0204 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09: 05ｨｰ06 070604090605ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨ 0203ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ01 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ06090401 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, ｨｨ, 09 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 0708060105ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 03ｨｨ04ｨｪｨｹ ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ06080609 070608ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ02080609. 3. 07ｨ 0201ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 0706ｨｪ0705ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｰ0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｱ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600! 33

130105ｨ 09ｨ 4. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ Linux 34

130105ｨ 09ｨ 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc 0709050702ｨｰ0907 060906ｨ 06ｨｦ 010507 GNU/Linux. 06ｨｰ06 09ｨｨ08ｨｰｨｮｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 ｨｪ02 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ 030209ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02. 06ｨｰ06 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, 09 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｮ0106ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ04 010507 ﾂ0205060902ｨｺｨ (ｨｪｨｮ, 09 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06). 00 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 0906ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 /proc, 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ 0204 090906ｨｨｨｬ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ, ｨ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 090409060107ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 070609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨｨ 090409060102 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06 07080602020909ｨ 01 (top, ps ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｰ0609ｨ 08ｨｨｨｴｨｨ). /proc - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0106080603ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ ｨ 0707ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, ｨｨ, 0706 ｨ ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨｨｨ 09 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 0706ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0708060202090904, ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 0709050706ｨｰ0907 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴ02ｨｦ0907 09 /proc. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /proc/sys. 02ｨｪ 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0804 070108ｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ. 5.1. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 07080602020909ｨ 01 030905ｨｨ 0904 090409020102ｨｰ02 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /proc, 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ. 06ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06 09090201 07080602020909ｨ 01 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ: $ ls -d /proc/[0-9]* /proc/1/ /proc/302/ /proc/451/ /proc/496/ /proc/556/ /proc/633/ /proc/127/ /proc/317/ /proc/452/ /proc/497/ /proc/557/ /proc/718/ /proc/2/ /proc/339/ /proc/453/ /proc/5/ /proc/558/ /proc/755/ /proc/250/ /proc/385/ /proc/454/ /proc/501/ /proc/559/ /proc/760/ /proc/260/ /proc/4/ /proc/455/ /proc/504/ /proc/565/ /proc/761/ /proc/275/ /proc/402/ /proc/463/ /proc/505/ /proc/569/ /proc/769/ /proc/290/ /proc/433/ /proc/487/ /proc/509/ /proc/594/ /proc/774/ /proc/3/ /proc/450/ /proc/491/ /proc/554/ /proc/595/ 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ, 0904 (08ｨ 0909ｨｮ0301ｨ 07 050600ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ) ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 090906ｨｨ01 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0401 07080602020909ｨ 01, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0906ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 070601 root ｯ06ｨｬ ｨｨ 070609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨ 07 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪｨ 010507 07080602020909ｨ 1, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 07080602020909 init ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 06ｨｰ0902 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 04ｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ 09090201 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 070806020209090609: $ su Password: # cd /proc/1 # ls -l total 0 -r-------- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 auxv -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 cmdline lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 cwd -> // -r-------- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 environ lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 exe -> /sbin/init* dr-x------ 2 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 fd/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 loginuid -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 maps -rw------- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 mem -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 mounts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 oom_adj -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 oom_score lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 root -> // -rw------- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 seccomp -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 stat -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 statm -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 status dr-xr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 task/ -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 15 18:14 wchan # 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｺ06090402 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ04: 0006ｨｰ ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺ0602 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01: 1. cmdline: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ (070902090106-) 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 070605ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 010507 0904040609ｨ 07080602020909ｨ. 02ｨｪ ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ: ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｨ 0204 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ 070806ｨ 02050609, ｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 35

130105ｨ 09ｨ 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ 06ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ 020006, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ: perl -ple ｯs, 00,,g ｯ cmdline. 2. cwd: 05ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 07080602020909ｨ (09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨ04 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ). 3. environ: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07, 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ0402 010507 05ｨｰ060006 07080602020909ｨ, 09 09ｨｨ0102 03030403000301010808=04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 cmdline, 0904090601 090606ｨ ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ: ｨｪ02ｨｰ 08ｨ 04010205ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 010507 06ｨｰ01020502ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ 06ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 0201ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 08020302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 010507 020006 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ : perl -ple ｯs, 00, n,g ｯ environ. 4. exe: 05ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 07080602020909ｨｮ. 5. fd: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ06080609, 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ0401 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 0708060202090906ｨｬ. 05ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｨ0302. 6. maps: ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ02 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ (0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 cat, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208), 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨ 01080209ｨｪ060006 07080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ 07080602020909ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪ04 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 0006ｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｨ 07060507 (09050209ｨ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 0906): ｨ 01080209ｨｪ0602 07080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ0906, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0602 09 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ; 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ; 09ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 000102 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ0907 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪｨｨ02; 09ｨｰｨ 0803ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｬ05ｨ 0103ｨｨｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ (09 030209ｨｰｨｪｨ 0102ｨ ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｨ0102) ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05; ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 inode 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ; ｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, ｨｨｨｬ07 09ｨ ｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 030905ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906 06ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0 ｨｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 inode ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪ0602 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪｨｨ02. 05ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 mmap(2). 7. root: 05ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 0708060202090906ｨｬ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ /, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0802ｨｺ06ｨｬ02ｨｪ01ｨｮ02ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ chroot(2). 8. status: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06 0708060202090902: ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｨ09070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 020006 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ0202 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02, 020006 PID ｨｨ PPID, 020006 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｨ 05000002ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0402 UID ｨｨ GID, 020006 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 stat ｨｨ statm ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ 080205ｨｨ. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 090601020803ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ, ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0907 09 status. 030905ｨｨ ｨｬ04 090409020102ｨｬ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ fd 010507 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ06 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ04 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: # ls -l /proc/8141/fd/ total 4 lrwx------ 1 peter peter 64 Aug 4 09:05 0 -> /dev/tty1 lrwx------ 1 peter peter 64 Aug 4 09:05 1 -> /dev/tty1 lrwx------ 1 peter peter 64 Aug 4 09:05 2 -> /dev/tty1 l-wx------ 1 peter peter 64 Aug 4 09:05 3 -> /home/peter/seti32/lock.sah # 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 05ｨｰ06 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ06080609 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ0401 0708060202090906ｨｬ. 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ 09 09ｨｨ0102 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ, 000102 ｨｨｨｬ07-05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 1. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨｨｬ05ｨｨｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬ: 05ｨｰ06-0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0602 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06, 000102 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 09ｨｬ040905, 070609ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 06ｨｪｨｨ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 0708ｨ 09ｨ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0405 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608ｨｮ. 5.2. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06ｨ ｨ 0707ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 080806ｨｬ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 09 /proc ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ0907 06000806ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｲ04ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ ｨ 0707ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04. 0507ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /proc 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: $ ls -d [a-z]* acpi/ diskstats iomem locks pci sysvipc/ asound/ dma ioports mdstat scsi/ tty/ buddyinfo driver/ irq/ meminfo self@ uptime bus/ execdomains kallsyms misc slabinfo version cmdline fb kcore modules splash vmstat config.gz filesystems keys mounts@ stat cpuinfo fs/ key-users mtrr swaps 1. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02, 06 ﾂ02ｨｬ 0006090608ｨｨ050609ｨｹ 09 08ｨ 0401020502 04ｨ 0401. 7.4, ｨｰ060001ｨ 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ060804 0, 1 ｨｨ 2. 020209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608 0-05ｨｰ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 09090601, 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608 1-09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 ｨｨ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608 2-09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ. 36

130105ｨ 09ｨ 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc crypto ide/ kmsg net/ sys/ devices interrupts loadavg partitions sysrq-trigger $ 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 020905ｨｨ ｨｬ04 070609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｪｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 /proc/interrupts, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 06ｨｪ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 070802080409ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0401 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 070208ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｦｨｪ0402 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ. 08ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ioports 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ0401 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 01ｨｨｨ 07ｨ 0406ｨｪ0609 ｨ 010802090609 09090601ｨ -0904090601ｨ, ｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, dma 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ06 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 010507 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609 DMA. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0904050609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0005ｨｨｨｺｨｰ, 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｰ080201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: $ cat interrupts CPU0 0: 543488 XT-PIC timer 2: 0 XT-PIC cascade 5: 109 XT-PIC ohci_hcd:usb2, eth1 7: 1 XT-PIC parport0 8: 0 XT-PIC rtc 9: 3432 XT-PIC acpi, NVidia CK8 10: 52855 XT-PIC ehci_hcd:usb3, eth0 11: 7538 XT-PIC libata, ohci_hcd:usb1 12: 1386 XT-PIC i8042 14: 20 XT-PIC ide0 15: 5908 XT-PIC ide1 NMI: 0 LOC: 0 ERR: 0 MIS: 0 $ cat ioports 0000-001f : dma1 0020-0021 : pic1 0040-0043 : timer0 0050-0053 : timer1 0060-006f : keyboard 0070-0077 : rtc 0080-008f : dma page reg 00a0-00a1 : pic2 00c0-00df : dma2 00f0-00ff : fpu 0170-0177 : ide1 01f0-01f7 : ide0 0376-0376 : ide1 0378-037a : parport0 037b-037f : parport0 03c0-03df : vesafb 03f6-03f6 : ide0 03f8-03ff : serial 0778-077a : parport0 0970-0977 : 0000:00:0b.0 0970-0977 : sata_nv 09f0-09f7 : 0000:00:0b.0 09f0-09f7 : sata_nv 0b70-0b73 : 0000:00:0b.0 0b70-0b73 : sata_nv 0bf0-0bf3 : 0000:00:0b.0 0bf0-0bf3 : sata_nv 0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1 4000-407f : motherboard 4000-4003 : PM1a_EVT_BLK 4004-4005 : PM1a_CNT_BLK 4008-400b : PM_TMR 4020-4027 : GPE0_BLK 4080-40ff : motherboard 4080-40ff : pnp 00:00 4200-427f : motherboard 4200-427f : pnp 00:00 4280-42ff : motherboard 4280-42ff : pnp 00:00 4400-447f : motherboard 4400-447f : pnp 00:00 4480-44ff : motherboard 44a0-44af : GPE1_BLK 5000-503f : motherboard 5000-503f : pnp 00:01 37

130105ｨ 09ｨ 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc 5100-513f : motherboard 5100-513f : pnp 00:01 9000-9fff : PCI Bus #02 9000-907f : 0000:02:07.0 9000-907f : 0000:02:07.0 ac00-ac0f : 0000:00:0b.0 ac00-ac0f : sata_nv b000-b07f : 0000:00:0b.0 b000-b07f : sata_nv b800-b8ff : 0000:00:06.0 b800-b8ff : NVidia CK8 bc00-bc7f : 0000:00:06.0 bc00-bc7f : NVidia CK8 c000-c007 : 0000:00:04.0 c000-c007 : forcedeth c400-c41f : 0000:00:01.1 f000-f00f : 0000:00:09.0 f000-f007 : ide0 f008-f00f : ide1 $cat dma 3: parport0 4: cascade $ 0605ｨｨ, 02ｨｴ02 070806ｨｴ02, 090609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ lsdev, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0906ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 090608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0202 0706 070208ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｦｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06, ｨｪ020906ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ06, ｨ 06050202 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ06. 2 : $ lsdev Device DMA IRQ I/O Ports ------------------------------------------------ 0000:00:01.1 c400-c41f 0000:00:04.0 c000-c007 0000:00:06.0 b800-b8ff bc00-bc7f 0000:00:09.0 f000-f00f 0000:00:0b.0 0970-0977 09f0-09f7 0b70-0b73 0bf0-0bf3 ac00-ac0f b000-b07f 0000:02:07.0 9000-907f 9000-907f cascade 4 2 CK8 9 dma 0080-008f dma1 0000-001f dma2 00c0-00df eth0 10 eth1 5 forcedeth c000-c007 fpu 00f0-00ff GPE0_BLK 4020-4027 GPE1_BLK 44a0-44af i8042 12 ide0 14 01f0-01f7 03f6-03f6 f000-f007 ide1 15 0170-0177 0376-0376 f008-f00f keyboard 0060-006f motherboard 4000-407f 4080-40ff 4200-427f 4280-42ff 4400-447f 4480-44ff 5000-503f 5100-513f NVidia b800-b8ff bc00-bc7f ohci_hcd:usb1 11 parport0 3 7 0378-037a 037b-037f 0778-077a PCI 0cf8-0cff 9000-9fff pic1 0020-0021 pic2 00a0-00a1 PM1a_CNT_BLK 4004-4005 PM1a_EVT_BLK 4000-4003 PM_TMR 4008-400b pnp 4080-40ff 4200-427f 4280-42ff 4400-447f 5000-503f 5100-513f rtc 8 0070-0077 sata_nv 0970-0977 09f0-09f7 0b70-0b73 0bf0-0bf3 ac00-ac0f b000-b07f serial 03f8-03ff timer 0 timer0 0040-0043 timer1 0050-0053 vesafb 03c0-03df $ 2. lsdev 09010601ｨｨｨｰ 09 090609ｨｰｨ 09 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨ procinfo. 38

130105ｨ 09ｨ 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc 0004090601 070605ｨｪ060006 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0405 ｨ 04 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ 01060500ｨｨｨｬ, ｨｪ06 0906ｨｰ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01: 6ｦ1 cpuinfo: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 020006 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06 070806020209090608ｨ 01 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04. 6ｦ1 modules: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨｬ0601ｨｮ0502ｨｦ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0401 07010806ｨｬ 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ, 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 0906 09 ﾂ02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 ｨｬ0601ｨｮ0502ｨｦ. 0306 09ｨｮｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｰｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ lsmod, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｰ 0202 09 ｨ 06050202 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 000608ｨｬ02. 6ｦ1 meminfo: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 0904090601ｨ 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ free 090409020102ｨｰ ｨｰｨｮ 0302 09ｨ ｨｬｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06, ｨｪ06 ｨｮ0302 09 ｨ 06050202 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02. 6ｦ1 apm: 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 070608ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208, 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 05ｨｰ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 070604090605ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 03020006 ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ0608ｨ. 0004 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ, 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪ 05ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｰ06ｨｺｨ, ｨｮ08060902ｨｪｨｹ 04ｨ 080701ｨｺｨｨ ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｨ, 020905ｨｨ APM BIOS 09ｨ 03020006 ｨｪ06ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 07060101020803ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 05ｨｰ06 (ｨｺ 090603ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0909020001ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ), 0609ｨｰｨ 090302020907 090802ｨｬ07 ｰ03ｨｨ04ｨｪｨｨ ｱ ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ0608ｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰｨ 01 ｨｨ ｨｰ.07. 05ｨ ｨｬ 0706 0902ｨ 02 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｪ02 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｮ0106ｨ 02ｨｪ 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0904 09ｨｺ06080202 0909020006 04ｨ 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ apm, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 090401ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｰｨｮ 0302 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 09 ｨｮ0106ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｬ 010507 ﾂ0205060902ｨｺｨ 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 0902ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 0906090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ020804 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ 07060101020803ｨｺｨｮACPI 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 APM. 05ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｨ0302. 6ｦ1 bus: 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06ｨ 06 09090201 070208ｨｨ000208ｨｨｨｦｨｪ0401 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ 01, ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 03ｨｨｨｪｨ 01 09ｨ 03020006 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208ｨ. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪｨ 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨ 07 0202 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 07020802000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 09ｨｪ0203ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ: lspcidrake, lspnp ｨｨ 0108. 6ｦ1 acpi: ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪ04 010507 ｨｪ06ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｮｨｺ0609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0706040906050706ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0904ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ04 05ｨｪ0208000609ｨ 0208020302ｨｪｨｨ07. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰｨｨ 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ0804 070806ｨｴ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ﾂ02080204 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 06050202 09040906ｨｺ060006 ｨｮ080609ｨｪ07, ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 ｨｰ0201, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪ04 09 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ04 acpid ｨｨ kapacity. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪ0402 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ04: battery button fan 0306ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ﾂｨｨ090506 ｨ ｨｺｨｺｨｮｨｬｨｮ0507ｨｰ06080609 09 ｨｪ06ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｮｨｺ02 ｨｨ 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0609ｨｰｨ 0903ｨｨｨｦ0907 ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 090806ｨｺ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04, ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 02ｨｬｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ ｨｰ.07. 0306040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0906 ｰ09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｱ ｨｺｨｪ0607ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ: 0904ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 07ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 07020802010601ｨ 09 090707ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, 04ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｺ080403ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 0108. 0306ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ02 0902ｨｪｨｰｨｨ0507ｨｰ06080609 09ｨ 03020006 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208ｨ - 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ 05ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ, ｨｨ 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ/0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬ. 05ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｹ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 0902ｨｪｨｰｨｨ0507ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｬｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 0705ｨ ｨｰ04. processor 020507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 CPU 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 0706 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｮ. 020702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨ 08ｨｹｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 070806020209090608ｨ. 0006ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ0402 07080602020909060804 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 06ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ ﾂｨｨ090506ｨｬ 060702ｨｨｨｦ, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07: 6ｦ1 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 07ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 0706040906050707 ｨ ｨ 05ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 070806ｨｨ04090601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ 050702ｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06; 6ｦ1 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｰ060906ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｰ04 010507 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ 050702ｨｬ06ｨｦ 07080602020909060806ｨｬ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 07080602020909060804, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ02ｨｦ. thermal_zone 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｬ070208ｨ ｨｰｨｮ0802 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04/070806020209090608ｨ. 39

130105ｨ 09ｨ 5. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ /proc 5.3. 02ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ080609 070108ｨ 01ｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /proc/sys - 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08ｨ 01 070108ｨ, ｨｨ 070604090605ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 09 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02. 00 070806ｨｰｨｨ09060706050603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 090902ｨｬ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /proc, ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ, ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 root ｯｨ. 0004090601 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 010507 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 0405 ｨ 04 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ 01060500ｨｨｨｬ 09 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ04-04ｨ ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0706050204ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ. 0602ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ02ｨｪ0202, 0906ｨｰ 0109ｨ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨ01 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 07 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ060006 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ : 1. 04ｨ 0408020302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬｨ 080308ｨｮｨｰｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ: 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ 07010806 06ｨｰ Mandriva Linux 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨ 080308ｨｮｨｰｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ06, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 0709ｨｪ06 08ｨ 04080203ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 02ｨｬｨｮ 010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 09ｨ ｨｬ 070601 root ｯ06ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ: $ echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 05ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 1 ｨｪｨ 0, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 04ｨ 070802ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｬｨ 080308ｨｮｨｰｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨ06. 2. 0308020106ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 IP-0907ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｪ00ｨ : IP-0907ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｪ00 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ 070601ｨｬ02ｨｪ04 IP-ｨ 01080209ｨ 04ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0902ｨｰ020906ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09 0706090208ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ, 0708ｨｨ03020103ｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ04 09ｨｪ0203ｨｪ020006 ｨｬｨｨ08ｨ, 0708ｨｨ030205 06ｨｰ ｨｪ020006 09ｨ ｨｬ060006. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰ0201ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｺ0208ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 3. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ﾂｨｰ06 07010806 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708020707ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨ01ｨｮ 09ｨｰ06080302ｨｪｨｨ07. 00090201ｨｨｨｰ02: $ echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/rp_filter ｨｨ 090902 ｨｰｨｨ0704 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ ｨｪ02090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ. 06ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0907 09 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｨ 0106 ｨｰ0201 070608, 0706ｨｺｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ. 0306090502 0204 0702080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 090208ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0907 09 090906ｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 0906 ﾂｨｰ06-05ｨｨｨ 06, 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0602 06ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090407ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 09090601ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02, ｨｨ 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09 /etc/rc.d/rc.local. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ 06ｨｰ07ｨ 0104ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 08ｨ 04 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 04ｨ ｨｪ060906. 0208ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬ 08020302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ /etc/sysctl.conf. 0206070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 09ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 09 sysctl.conf(5) ｨｨ sysctl(8). 3. 0102 07ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 01ｨ ｨｺ0208ｨ ｨｬｨｨ! 40

130105ｨ 09ｨ 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0302 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 09 0005ｨ 0902 0105. 2, 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 060800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪ04 09 09ｨｨ0102 0201ｨｨｨｪ060006 0102080209ｨ. 06 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502, 090907ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ 04, ｨｺ060001ｨ ｨｬ04 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｬ0907 ｨｺ 09ｨｲ04ｨｬｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 CD-ROM ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ01ｨ 0504ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｮ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｬ 09020809020802, 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｰ0902ｨｰ06ｨｺ ｱ 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 010208020902. 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 6-1. 0605050609ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｰ06 ﾂ02ｨｺ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨｨ09. 6-1 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: ｨｺ060802ｨｪｨｹ - 08ｨ 04010205 GNU/Linux - 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 010507 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /home/, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 08ｨ 04010205 Windows 03, ｨｮ01ｨ 0504ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 080209ｨｮ0809 09 00ｨ ｨｦ050609060006 090208090208ｨ (Windows 03 ｨｨ05ｨｨ UNIX 03 ) ｨｨ USB-ｨｺ0506 ﾂ. 00 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴ0202 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 GNU/Linux, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 090902 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, WebDAV ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 05ｨｺ0406ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0902ｨｴｨｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0706 ﾂｨｰｨ Google tm... 01ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬｨｨ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ- 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ0602 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 030802010706050603ｨｨｨｬ, 0904 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ﾂｨｰ06 0708ｨｨ06ｨ 080205ｨｨ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 030409ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609. 00ｨ 03 08ｨ 04010205 Mandriva Linux 04ｨ 070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ 0106 06ｨｰｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｨ 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090902 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ, 0904 080203ｨ 02ｨｰ02 07020802ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ 02020504ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 010802090609ｨｨ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 1 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 06ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ 04ｨｬｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ06, 0904 080203ｨ 02ｨｰ02 07020802ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ020006: /usr. 0004 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 ｨｪｨ 070806ｨｰ070302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 090902ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0904 04ｨ 0401. 6.2, ｨｪ06 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨｰ020608ｨｨｨｨ. 6.1. 0308ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ0704 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ 030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 040102050609, ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 00 ｨｰ06 090802ｨｬ07, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ Windows 03 ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09ｨｮ 010507 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ (0106ｨｰ07 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 ｨｰ0201, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 06ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 09070604ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ), GNU/Linux ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 010802090609ｨｨ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 0301ｨ 07 ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 09 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06070605060302ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 010802090609ｨｨ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 010507 Windows 03 ｨｪｨｮ0302ｨｪ ｰ02ｨｨ09ｨｺ C: ｱ, GNU/Linux 0106050302ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ060802ｨｪｨｹ 090906020006 0102080209ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 (/) 09 08ｨ 04010205, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ0608ｨｪ0209ｨｮ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺ060802ｨｪｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 010802090609ｨｨ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ060006 0102080209ｨ. 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0802 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 080605ｨｹ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 04 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ 0302 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 09 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 06ｨｰ06 01ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｮ06 00ｨｨｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺ02. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ02 0902ｨ -090208090208, 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬ 01020506ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0904010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 02020504ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 070601 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 0902ｨ -090208090208ｨ. 08ｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 080605ｨｹ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 08ｨ 04010205ｨ - 05ｨｰ06 /var/www. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ /home, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0705ｨ ｨｪｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨ02 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｬ04 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｪ060006 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 0106 ｨｨ 0706090502 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｪｨ 04ｨｨ09. 6-2 ｨｨ 04ｨｨ09. 6-3. 1. 00 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 090904 010208020906 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502. 41

130105ｨ 09ｨ 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 / / /home /usr /var /cgi6ﾓ1bin /html /icons /var/www ｧｬｧ爰筴ﾟｧﾖｧﾓｧﾑｧ ｧ讒ﾑｧﾛｧﾝｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧ ｧ罘ﾚｧ罘荅ﾖｧﾞｧﾑ (ｧ蟋ﾘｧﾖ ｧ皎筴ﾚｧﾞｧ爰ﾟｧ荅ﾚｧ筴爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾟｧﾑ) ｧｶｧﾑｧﾛｧﾝｧ爰ﾓｧﾑｧ ｧ罘ﾚｧ罘荅ﾖｧﾞｧﾑ, ｧ罘爰ﾕｧﾖｧ筴ﾘｧﾑｧｧﾑｧ ｧ讒ﾑｧﾛｧﾝｧ ｧﾜｧﾑｧ荅ﾑｧﾝｧ爰ﾔｧﾑ "/var/www" (ｧﾖｧｧﾗ ｧﾟｧﾖ ｧ皎筴ﾚｧﾞｧ爰ﾟｧ荅ﾚｧ筴爰ﾓｧﾑｧﾟｧﾑ) 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 6-2. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ / /home /usr /var /var/www /var/www/cgi6ﾓ1bin /var/www/html /var/www/icons 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 6-3. 08ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ 00060302ｨｰ02 0902ｨ 02 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 05ｨｰ06 01ｨ 04ｨｰ 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09: 010802090609ｨｨ01ｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ08ｨ 0909020001ｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0609ｨｰｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｺ060906ｨｦ, ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨ09ｨｹ 06ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 01. 06ｨｰｨ 00ｨｨｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 07020802ｨｪ0209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ0209ｨｮ06 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 0102080209ｨ ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205, ｨｺ060001ｨ 07060709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｺ 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ060006 07080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 ｨｨ 0906ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｬ0907 0902ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ. 06ｨｬ0206ｨｰ0907 0109ｨ 06ｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ 01 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07: 1. 0206050302ｨｪ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, 0904070605ｨｪ0706ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 080605ｨｹ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 2. 06 030205ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨ 0405 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｬ: 020905ｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｮ0302 0209ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 07080609ｨｰ06 ｰ09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ04 ｱ ｨｪ060906ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ. 08ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪ04 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ, ｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｪ02010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ04 0106 ｨｰ0201 070608, 0706ｨｺｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 06090906ｨ 0601ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｮ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 42

130105ｨ 09ｨ 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 000606ｨ ｨｴ02-ｨｰ06 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ ｰ09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｬ ｱ01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ060906 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 00ｨ ｨｬ 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ --bind. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ﾂｨｰ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｮ06-ｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ 09 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /hidden/ directory/ ｨｨ 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ 0608ｨｨ00ｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 020006 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /new/directory, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ: mount --bind /hidden/directory/ /new/directory 6.2. 04ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨ 030209ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ, 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ 040102050609 0308ｨｨ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 05ｨｰ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｮ ﾂ0209ｨｰｨｹ 0109ｨ 06ｨ 09ｨｰ0607ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨ : 030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0109ｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ, ｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｬ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 0706 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 00ｨ 03 ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰ060006, ｨｪｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00060006, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ02ｨｬ 09 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 07080601060503ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ 05ｨｹ0302, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨ 09ｨ root ｯｨ. 020507 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｰｨｨｨｬ07 ｱ 030209ｨｰｨｺ060006 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ (ｨｰ.02. ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 02ｨｬｨｮ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ). 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 030209ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｦ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070601 ﾂｨｨｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 07020809ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ0902 IDE. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ04090209ｨｰ02ｨｪ 070601 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ /dev/hdb. 2. 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 08ｨ 04010205ｨｮ 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ060904ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ0002 05ｨｰｨ 08ｨｰ06090602 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ0906, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0706ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ. DiskDrake ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09060401ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0904 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 08ｨ 04ｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｨ 09060401ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｬ04 09ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 07080601060503ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ 05ｨｹ0302. 6.3. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 mount ｨｨ umount 0602070208ｨｹ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04010205. 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ04ｨｬ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｬ0205ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪ0202 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ - mount, ｨ 0202 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ: mount [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <-t ｨｰｨｨ07> [-o 060702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07] <ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906> <ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07> 00 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02, ｨｬ04 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 03 08ｨ 04010205 09 /mnt/new (ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 0506ｨ ｨｮ06 0108ｨｮ00ｨｮ06 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｮ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07; ｨｪ06 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 01060503ｨｪｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ). 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 03020006 09ｨｪ0609ｨｹ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ : $ mount -t ext3 /dev/hdb1 /mnt/new 020702ｨｨ07 -t ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 070802010706050603ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ 0401020502. 0006ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬｨｨ 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06: ext2fs (00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ GNU/Linux) ｨｨ05ｨｨ ext3fs (ｨｮ09060902080302ｨｪ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09020809ｨｨ07 ext2fs 09 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ07ｨｬｨｨ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07), VFAT (0706 ﾂｨｰｨｨ 010507 09090201 08ｨ 040102050609 DOS/Windows 03 : FAT 12, 16 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 32), NTFS (010507 ｨ 06050202 ｨｪ06090401 09020809ｨｨｨｦ Windows 03 ) ｨｨ ISO9660 (00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ CD-ROM ｯ0609). 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ, mount 0706070806ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ0609ｨｰ0607ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 06070802010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨ 07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 08ｨ 0401020502, 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｮ070208ｨ 0506ｨｺｨ. 020702ｨｨ07 -o ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 060702ｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 020702ｨｨｨｨ, 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｬ0402 ｨｺ 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060904ｨｬ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬ, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 04ｨ 09ｨｨ0902ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 05ｨ ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ mount(8). 0602070208ｨｹ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ 090906ｨｦ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205, ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ 0506 090802ｨｬ07 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪ020006 090209ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /usr: $ (cd /usr && tar cf -.) (cd /mnt/new && tar xpvf -) 0306090502 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 06ｨｰｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 03 08ｨ 04010205. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 090609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ umount. 0302 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 07080609ｨｰ: umount <ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906> 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨｰｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 03 ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 09090209ｨｰｨｨ: 2. 0207080201020502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 08ｨ 0401020502 04ｨ 0401. 2.2. 43

130105ｨ 09ｨ 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 $ umount /mnt/new ｨｨ05ｨｨ: $ umount /dev/hdb1 06ｨｪ060001ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906 (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 CD- ROM) 06ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ04ｨｬ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ 080203ｨ 06ｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｮ 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬｨｮ 0702080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ06ｨｦ 090906020006 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208ｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 020905ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ umount /dev/hdc ｨｪ02 0908ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 02ｨｰ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0706070806ｨ 0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｰ0502ｨｪｨｨ0904ｨｦ ｱ umount. 0302 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 070802010205ｨｹｨｪ06 07080609ｨｰ: umount -l <ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906> 06ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0706 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906 ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ080409ｨ 02ｨｰ 090902 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ0402 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｺｨｨ (handle) 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ04090502 ﾂｨｹ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 eject <ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906>. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ eject ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ020006 ｨｪ02 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ, ｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0702080204ｨ 0008ｨｮ03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 0502ｨｪｨｨ090602 08ｨ 04ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 06ｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 08ｨ 04010205 0106050302ｨｪ ｰ09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｱ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060006ｨｬ /usr, ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 090606ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｬ04 06ｨｰ080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /etc/fstab. 02ｨｪ 0706040906050702ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ04ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 00 ｨｪ02ｨｬ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰ0907 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 09 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ｨｨ01 ｨｰ06 ﾂ02ｨｺ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ. 0006ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ : /dev/hda2 / ext3 defaults 1 1 /dev/hdd /mnt/cdrom auto umask=0022,user,iocharset=utf8,noauto,ro,exec,users 0 0 /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy supermount dev=/dev/fd0,fs=ext2:vfat,--,umask=0022,iocharset=utf8,sync 0 0 /dev/hda1 /mnt/windows ntfs umask=0,nls=utf8,ro 0 0 none /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/hda3 swap swap defaults 0 0 08ｨ 0301ｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ04: 6ｦ1 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴ020006 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ; 6ｦ1 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07; 6ｦ1 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04; 6ｦ1 060702ｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07; 6ｦ1 0005ｨ 00ｨ 010507 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 080204020809ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 dump; 6ｦ1 0706080701ｨｺｨ 070806090208ｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 07060908020109ｨｰ0906ｨｬ fsck (FileSystem ChecK). 0009020001ｨ 0708ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ 010507 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 04ｨ 0401020504 swap 0709050706ｨｰ0907 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ01 ｨｪ02 09ｨｨ01ｨｪ06 09 010802090609ｨｨ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0802, ｨ 07060502 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 010507 05ｨｰｨｨ01 08ｨ 040102050609 0909020001ｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02090602 0905060906 swap. ﾁｨｰ06 0302 ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 /proc, ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨ 09 0105. 5. 0208ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 060906ｨ 06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 /dev/pts. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ04, ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 0106ｨ ｨ 09050702ｨｬ0402 ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｬ0402 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 06ｨｰ06 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ fstab-sync, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 0906ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨ07 06ｨｰ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｮ080609ｨｪ07 ｨ 0707ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｨｨｦ (HAL, Hardware Abstraction Layer), ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 02ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /etc/fstab. 020507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 0904000507ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ fstabsync(8). 0006040908ｨ ｨｴｨ 0709ｨｹ ｨｺ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨｬ04 07020802ｨｪ020905ｨｨ 090906 ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ06 /usr ｨｪｨ /dev/hdb1, ｨｨ ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 08ｨ 04010205 ｨ 0405 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ /usr 0906 090802ｨｬ07 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｹｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /etc/fstab: /dev/hdb1 /usr ext3 defaults 1 2 0602070208ｨｹ 08ｨ 04010205 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0708ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, ｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07080609020807ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ. 44

130105ｨ 09ｨ 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 030905ｨｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 09ｨ 03020006 08ｨ 04010205ｨ ｨｪ02 ext3fs, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｰｨｨ07. 02ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ext2 ｨｨ reiserfs. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 070609050201ｨｪ0202 07060502 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 2. 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 04010205 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07080609020802ｨｪ 0706090502 09090201 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰ0609 0906 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 1, ｨｨ 0706090502 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0302 030209ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｬ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 09 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0302 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ, 07020802 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 0106 ｨｪ020006 09 /etc/fstab. 060605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺ0608ｨｪ020906ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 (/) 0106050302ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 1. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 010902 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 060702ｨｨｨｨ: noauto ｨｨ users. 020702ｨｨ07 noauto ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨ 07 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02, ｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09 08ｨｮ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02. 020702ｨｨ07 users ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 05ｨｰｨｨ 010902 060702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 010507 0708ｨｨ0906010609 CD-ROM ｨｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ060906010609. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｬｨｪ060006 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 060702ｨｨｨｦ, ｨ 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ /etc/fstab 0209ｨｰｨｹ 09090607 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ man (fstab(5)), ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨｮ06 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 0201ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 /etc/fstab 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｮ070806ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 mount. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609ｨｮ06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ, 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｮ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ0906. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02ｨｰｨｮ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ: $ mount /mnt/floppy ｨｨ05ｨｨ: $ mount /dev/fd0 ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020806ｨｬ 07020802ｨｪ0609ｨ 08ｨ 04010205ｨ, 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0302 09010205ｨ 05ｨｨ. 0004 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｨ0208ｨ 0801ｨｨ06 /usr ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ /etc/fstab, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 08ｨ 04010205 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ 050907 0708ｨｨ 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺ02 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 0106, ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｮ, 090201ｨｹ 09ｨｰｨ 080402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 /usr 090902 02ｨｴ02 0609ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 09090602ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ 0806ｨｬ ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ02, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06090906ｨ 0601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ06090602 07080609ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 ( ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ ｨ 040506 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｨ09010601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 020205ｨｹ06). 6ｦ1 020507 05ｨｰ060006 09ｨ ｨｬ 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 07020802ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 09 0601ｨｪ06070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, 0904070605ｨｪｨｨ09 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ telinit 1. 02ｨｪｨ 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ 090902 0905ｨｮ03ｨ 04 ｨｨ 09010205ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ02090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ04ｨｬ 070601ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ02 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ. 6ｦ1 02ｨ 050202 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｬ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /usr. 0306ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 090902 02ｨｴ02 09090405ｨ 02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ ｰ09ｨｰｨ 0804ｨｦ ｱ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｪ060904ｨｦ (ｨ 0605ｨｹ03020006 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208ｨ ) 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ. rm -Rf /usr/*. 6ｦ1 06, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /usr: mount /usr/. 0006ｨｰ ｨｨ 090904. 0602070208ｨｹ 0906040908ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 ｨｬｨｪ060006070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ (telinit 3 010507 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ060006 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ0609060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ telinit 5 010507 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ), ｨｨ, 020905ｨｨ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｪ02 0609ｨｰｨ 050609ｨｹ ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04, 0904010601ｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 ｨｮ ﾂ04ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ root ｯｨ. 45

130105ｨ 09ｨ 6. 08ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ06ｨｪｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 46

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 00 0005ｨ 0902 0105. 1 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ shell. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 ｨｬ04 0706ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪ02ｨｦ. 0105ｨ 09ｨｪｨ 07 0202ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ shell - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｬｨｪ06030209ｨｰ0906 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ: ｨｨ01 ｨｰ040907 ﾂｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 0301ｨ 07 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 09090606 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨｮ. 0004 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨ01 ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 ﾂｨｨ090506. 0201ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 090205ｨｨ ﾂｨ ｨｦ03ｨｨ01 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09 UNIX 03-05ｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ 0706040302. 7.1. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 00 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ02 070601 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 0306040302 ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 04 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ0609 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 (0905ｨ 0102050202, 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ). 7.1.1. mkdir, touch: 05060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ mkdir (MaKe DIRectory - 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600) ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609. 0302 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 07080609ｨｰ: mkdir [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] 060605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪｨ 0601ｨｪｨｮ 060702ｨｨ06 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 09ｨｬ040905 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02: 060702ｨｨ07 -p. 02ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0109ｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07: 1. 09060401ｨ 04ｨｰ 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ 05ｨｨ 0106 05ｨｰ060006. 090204 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 060702ｨｨｨｨ mkdir 07080609ｨｰ06 090404060902ｨｰ 09ｨ 06ｨｦ, 03ｨ 05ｨｮ0709ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 04ｨ 07090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609; 2. ｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ 04ｨ 09020803ｨｨｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904 0106ｨｰ0205ｨｨ 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｮ0302 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ. 020507 0908ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ 060702ｨｨ06 -p, mkdir 0906040908ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺ02, 03ｨ 05ｨｮ0709ｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 ｨｮ0302 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 mkdir foo: 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 foo 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002; 6ｦ1 mkdir -p images/misc docs: 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 misc 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images. 05ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 070609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ (-p); ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ docs 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ touch 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｹ ｨｪ02 010507 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨ 010507 06ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 070609050201ｨｪ020006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ ｨｨ 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 1. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 touch 09060401ｨ 09ｨｰ 07020802 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ. 0302 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: touch [060702ｨｨｨｨ] 00ｨ ｨｦ05 [00ｨ ｨｦ05...] 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104: touch file1 images/file2 09060401ｨ 09ｨｰ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬfile1 ｨｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 file2 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images, 020905ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ0202 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ 05ｨｨ. 7.1.2. rm: 0701ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ rm (ReMove - ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ) 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｪｨ 05060006ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 DOS del ｨｨ deltree, ｨｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 060702ｨｨｨｨ. 0304 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: rm [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] 020702ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ: 1. 00 UNIX 03 010507 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｰ08ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ: 01ｨ ｨｰｨ 070609050201ｨｪ020006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ (atime), ｨｰ.02. 01ｨ ｨｰｨ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 09 070609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 08ｨ 04 00ｨ ｨｦ05 06ｨｰｨｺ080409ｨ 050907 010507 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ; 01ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ0609 inode (ctime); ｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, 01ｨ ｨｰｨ 070609050201ｨｪ020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ (mtime). 47

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 6ｦ1 -r ｨｨ05ｨｨ -R: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ0602 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02. 06ｨｰｨ 060702ｨｨ07 0709050702ｨｰ0907 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 010507 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ060006 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 010507 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ07 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ0401 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 0904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦrmdir. 6ｦ1 -i: 04ｨ 07080609 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07 0702080201 ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 09 Mandriva Linux, rm 0706 090606ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨ 05ｨｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 rm -i (0706010603ｨｨ02 ｨ 05ｨｨｨ 0904 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 010507 cp ｨｨ mv). 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 09ｨ 0302 ｨｬｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 0706050204ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨ 05ｨｨｨ 090609 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /.alias, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0708020106ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 ｨ 05ｨｨｨ 090609. 0605ｨｨ 0302 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 06ｨｰ080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090906ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /.bashrc 010507 06ｨｰｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 06ｨ ｨｴ0209ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 ｨ 05ｨｨｨ 090609 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ: unalias rm cp mv 6ｦ1 -f, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070806ｨｰｨｨ09060706050603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ -i, 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ, 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 2. 010209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 rm -i images/*.jpg file1: ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 ｨｪｨ.jpg, 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ file1 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, 04ｨ 0708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 07 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 02ｨｰ0902 ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 y 010507 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ n 010507 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｪ04. 6ｦ1 rm -Rf images/misc/ file*: ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ ｨ 0204 04ｨ 07080609ｨ 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07 090209ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 misc/ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images/ 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 0906 090902ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 file. 0308ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ rm 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｮ01ｨ 050706ｨｰ0907 ｨ 02040906040908ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06. 0507060906ｨ ｨ 010507 ｨｨ01 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ! (01ｨｮ, 090606ｨ ｨｴ02-ｨｰ06 010507 05ｨｰ060006 090904-ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0907060906ｨ 0609, ｨｪ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ ｨｨ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 07080201ｨｮ070802030102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609.) 0102 08ｨ 0401ｨｮｨｬ0409ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 060702ｨｨｨｨ -i, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮｨ 0201ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰ02 0706 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺ02 ﾂｨｰ06-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 09ｨ 03ｨｪ0602. 7.1.3. mv: 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 05ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 mv (MoVe - 07020802ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ) 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ: mv [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] <ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02> 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ060001ｨ 0904 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 07020802ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 07080609ｨｰ06 07020802ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 020006 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｪ060904ｨｬ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ. 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 060702ｨｨｨｨ: 6ｦ1 -f: 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｮ01ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 030905ｨｨ 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 07080201ｨｮ070802030102ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 090409060107ｨｰ0907. 6ｦ1 -i: 070806ｨｰｨｨ09060706050603ｨｪ0602 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02. 07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 090708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ02 0702080201 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 6ｦ1 -v: 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ 06ｨ 06 09090201 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ0701 ｨｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ0701. 010209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 mv -i /tmp/pics/*.png.: 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /tmp/pics/, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ.png, 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 (.), ｨｪ06 04ｨ 0708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ02 0702080201 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ06 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ 0506ｨ 0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 6ｦ1 mv foo bar: 07020802ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ06090409ｨ 02ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 foo 09 bar. 030905ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 bar ｨｮ0302 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ090609ｨ 05, 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ foo ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0909020006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ (09ｨ ｨｬ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 07050609 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ, 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06) 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 bar. 6ｦ1 mv -vf file* images/ trash/: 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0204 04ｨ 07080609ｨ 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 09 file, 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 0906 090902ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060006ｨｬ images/ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 trash/, ｨｨ 0706ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 070608070106ｨｺ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 2. 020507 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨｪ ｨｬ0600 ｨｮ01ｨ 0507ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｪ02ｨｬ, 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0202ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 48

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 7.1.4. cp: 080607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ cp (CoPy - ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ) 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｪｨ 05060006ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 DOS copy ｨｨ xcopy, ｨｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0402 060702ｨｨｨｨ. 0304 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: cp [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] <ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02> 0006ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 060702ｨｨｨｨ cp: 6ｦ1 -R: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ0602 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02; 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪｨ 010507 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, 01ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ. 6ｦ1 -i: 04ｨ 07080609 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07 0702080201 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ06 0506ｨ 0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ04. 6ｦ1 -f: 070806ｨｰｨｨ09060706050603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ -i, 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0506ｨ 0402 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨ 0204 04ｨ 07080609ｨ 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07. 6ｦ1 -v: 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ 06ｨ 06 09090201 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ0701, 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0401 cp. 010209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 cp -i /timages/* images/: ｨｺ0607ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /timages/ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 images/, ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴｨｨｨｦ0907 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 05ｨ 0708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ02, 020905ｨｨ 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 6ｦ1 cp -vr docs/ /shared/mp3s/* mystuff/: ｨｺ0607ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 090209ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 docs, 07050609 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /shared/mp3s 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 mystuff. 6ｦ1 cp foo bar: 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺ0607ｨｨ06 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ foo 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ bar 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 7.2. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 040701 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 04010209ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 020006 0708ｨ 09. 0004 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ｨｰｨｨ0704 0708ｨ 09 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 09 0105. 1. 7.2.1. chown, chgrp: 0604ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704 010507 0601ｨｪ060006 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 05ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 chown (CHange OWNer - ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ) 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: chown [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ[:0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ]> <00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] 020702ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ: 6ｦ1 -R: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06. 020507 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 010507 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 09 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 6ｦ1 -v: 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ. 0306ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 090902 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07, 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 chown; 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ, ｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ04 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ0204 09 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ 0204 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ. 6ｦ1 -c: 07060106ｨ ｨｪｨ 060702ｨｨｨｨ -v, ｨｪ06 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 ｨｰ0201 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ04. 010209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 chown nobody /shared/book.tex: ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ /shared/book.tex ｨｪｨ nobody. 6ｦ1 chown -Rc queen:music *.mid concerts/: ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ.mid, ｨｨ 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 concerts/ ｨｪｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 queen ｨｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ music, 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 ｨｰ0201 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｮｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ chgrp (CHange GRouP - ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ) 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨ 01050203ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ 0008ｨｮ070702 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ (ｨｨ05ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609); 0204 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706010603 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 chown: chgrp [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <0008ｨｮ0707ｨ > <00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] 020702ｨｨｨｨ 010507 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 0302, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｮ chown, ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706010603ｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ. 06ｨ ｨｺ, ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ : chgrp disk /dev/hd* ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨ 01050203ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /dev/ 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 09 hd, ｨｪｨ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ disk. 49

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 7.2.2. chmod: 0604ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0708ｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ chmod (CHange MODe - ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 080203ｨｨｨｬ) ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 090209ｨｹｨｬｨ 09070202ｨｨ00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09. 00 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 05ｨｰ06 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ: chmod [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ > <00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600> [00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600...] ｨｪ06 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｨ02 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 09 000608ｨｬｨ 01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 080203ｨｨｨｬ. 02ｨｪ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0607080201020504ｨｪ 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 0907060906ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: 1. ﾂ02080204 090609ｨｹｨｬ0208ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0402 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ. 0308ｨ 09ｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ ｨｬ 09 000608ｨｬ02 <x>00, 000102 <x> 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ09090602ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ: 4 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02, 2 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｨ 1 ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 06ｨ ｨｺ 0302 0708ｨ 09ｨ 0008ｨｮ070704 ｨ 0208ｨｮｨｰ0907 0706 000608ｨｬ02 <x>0 ｨｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010507 ｰ0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｱ 09 000608ｨｬ02 <x>. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ, 090902 ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, 05ｨｰ06 09050603ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ02 0708ｨｨ09090602ｨｪｨｪ0402 0708ｨ 09ｨ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ. 06ｨ ｨｺ, 0708ｨ 09ｨ rwxr-xr-- 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 400+200+100 (0708ｨ 09ｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ, rwx) +40+10 (0708ｨ 09ｨ 0008ｨｮ070704, r-x) +4 (0708ｨ 09ｨ 010507 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01, r--) = 754; ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪ04 09 ｨ ｨ 09060506ｨｰｨｪ0401 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ0701. 06ｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 070802010401ｨｮｨｴｨｨ02 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨ 020406000609060806 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ04; 2. ﾂ02080204 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07. 05010209ｨｹ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪ04 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 08ｨ 0401020502ｨｪｨｪ0401 04ｨ 0707ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨ01: [category]<+ - =><0708ｨ 09ｨ >. 08ｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06: 6ｦ1 u (User - 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ), 0708ｨ 09ｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ; 6ｦ1 g (Group - 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ), 0708ｨ 09ｨ 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ 0008ｨｮ070704; 6ｦ1 o (Others - 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402), 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010507 ｰ0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 ｱ. 030905ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 0607080201020502ｨｪｨ, ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰ04 010507 09090201 ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02000608ｨｨｨｦ. + ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ, - 04ｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｨ = ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 000606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｬ, 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨ 0409ｨ 06ｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02: 6ｦ1 r (Read - ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02); 6ｦ1 w (Write - 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ); 6ｦ1 x (execute - 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02). 0105ｨ 09ｨｪ0402 060702ｨｨｨｨ 070605ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 chown ｨｨ chgrp: 6ｦ1 -R: ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06. 6ｦ1 -v: 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ. 0306ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0402 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 6ｦ1 -c: 07060106ｨ ｨｪｨ 060702ｨｨｨｨ -v, ｨｪ06 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 ｨｰ0201 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0706010902080302ｨｪ04 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 0308ｨｨｨｬ020804: 6ｦ1 chmod -R o-w /shared/docs: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 010507 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 090902ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /shared/docs/. 6ｦ1 chmod -R og-w,o-x private/: 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ 010507 0008ｨｮ070704 ｨｨ 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 0906 090904ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 private/ ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 010507 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401. 6ｦ1 chmod -c 644 misc/file*: ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 0708ｨ 09ｨ 010507 09090201 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 misc/, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0907 09 file ｨｪｨ rw-r--r-- (ｨｰ06 0209ｨｰｨｹ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 010507 09090201, ｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ ), ｨｨ 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 ｨｰ0201 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 0706010902080302ｨｪ04 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 50

137.3. 01ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ04 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 07080602020909060802 0105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 0004, 0902080607ｨｰｨｪ06, ｨｮ0302 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ, ｨｪ02 04ｨｪｨ 07, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0602. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 Windows 03 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ02 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 0904 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 * 010507 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, *.txt 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 090902ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 ｨｪｨ.txt. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 09 070609050201ｨｪ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502. 0106 ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 * 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｬｨｪ060006 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ060906ｨｺ. 08060001ｨ 0904 09090601ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ls *.txt ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ Enter, 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ 0706 ｨｪｨ 0106030102ｨｪｨｨ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨｮ *.txt, 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ ls, ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨｨｬ shell ｯ06ｨｬ. 060802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 07060709ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 shell ｯ06ｨｬ. 08060001ｨ 0904 09090601ｨｨｨｰ02: $ ls *.txt readme.txt recipes.txt ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ 08ｨ 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ ｨｪｨ 09050609ｨ (ls ｨｨ *.txt 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802). 08060001ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ 09 0905060902 *, 06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090902 0905060906 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ09020809ｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 020006 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09090201 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ, 0702080201 ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 0202 ｨｨ09070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ, 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨｨ01 ls readme.txt recipe.txt, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 0603ｨｨ01ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ. 0208ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 04ｨ 09ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 0802ｨ 00ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07060106ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: 6ｦ1?: 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｮ, ｨｪ0204ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ06 06ｨｰ ｨｰ060006, ﾂ02ｨｬ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605; 6ｦ1 [...]: 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0506ｨ 06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｮ, ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨ 01. 05ｨｨｨｬ09060504 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ0102 01ｨｨｨ 07ｨ 0406ｨｪｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 (ｨｰ.02. 1-9), ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ0102 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0802ｨｰｨｪ0401 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 09 0109ｨｮ01 09ｨｨ01ｨ 01 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06. 0308ｨｨｨｬ0208: [a-zbe5-7] ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090902ｨｬ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ a ｨｨ z, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ ｨｬ B, E, 5, 6 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 7; 6ｦ1 [!...]: 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0506ｨ 06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｮ ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨ 01. [!a-z], ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0506ｨ 06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｮ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0802 3 ; 6ｦ1 {c1,c2}: 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ c1 ｨｨ05ｨｨ c2, 000102 c1 ｨｨ c2 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0709050706ｨｰ0907 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ. 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ {[0-9]*,[acr]}. 02ｨ 050202 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ0609 ｨｨ ｨｨ01 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07: 6ｦ1 /etc/*conf: 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /etc 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 ｨｪｨ conf. 06ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 /etc/inetd.conf, /etc/conf.linuxconf,, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 /etc/conf, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ. 0306ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 * ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 6ｦ1 image/{cars,space[0-9]}/*.jpg: 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ0907 ｨｪｨ.jpg, 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 01 image/cars, image/space0, (...), image/space9, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ. 6ｦ1 /usr/share/doc/*/readme: 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ README 0906 09090201 070601ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 01, 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 0706090502 /usr/share/doc. 0201ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 09060907ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ /usr/share/doc/mandriva/readme, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 /usr/share/doc/myprog/doc/readme. 6ｦ1 *[!a-z]: 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 06ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0906ｨｦ 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0802. 7.4. 03020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 7.4.1. 0102ｨｬｨｪ060006 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ0202 06 07080602020909ｨ 01 ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ07 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609, ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 06ｨ ｨｲ0709ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02 07080602020909ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 0706ｨｺｨ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ02 ｨ 040506 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ06. 090605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 070806020209090609 UNIX 03 (090601ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0906 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ0609) ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬ ｨｰ08ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608ｨ : 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 09090601, 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ. 0601 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ - 0, 1 ｨｨ 2. 00 06ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ0608ｨ ｨ 09090602ｨｨｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 0506ｨｬ, ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 ｨ 0405 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ 07080602020909, 09 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0806ｨｦ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨｮ09ｨｰ0806ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨ 09090601ｨ. 000205ｨｹ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609-07020802ｨ 01080209ｨ 02ｨｨ07 05ｨｰｨｨ01 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ06080609. 0308ｨｨｨｬ020804 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 0706ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 05ｨｮ ﾂ0302 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ07. 3. 09ｨｮ01ｨｹｨｰ02 0609ｨｰ06080603ｨｪ04! 0906ｨｰ07 05ｨｰ06 090708ｨ 09020105ｨｨ0906 010507 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ09ｨ 070404ｨｺ0609, 05ｨｰ06 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺ02 070404ｨｺｨ (0506ｨｺｨ 05ｨｨ). 06ｨｰ06 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ 0706080701ｨｺｨ 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ. 00 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 070404ｨｺ06090401 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨ 01 [a-z] ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ a, A, b, B, (...), z. 0102 000609060807 ｨｮ0302 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 070404ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 070601 ﾂ0208ｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰ0402 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504... 51

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 7.4.2. 03020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0106 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ.png 4 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 images. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090604ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 030205ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 010507 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ 020006 0706040302. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ: $ ls images/*.png 1>file_list 06ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 (1) 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 (>) 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ file_list. 02070208ｨ ｨｰ0608 > - 05ｨｰ06 06070208ｨ ｨｰ0608 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 0904090601ｨ. 030905ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 010507 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, 06ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ, ｨｪ06 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, 020006 070802010401ｨｮｨｴ0202 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0702080204ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ06. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 06070208ｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｬ, 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601, ｨｨ 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0709ｨｪ04ｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ｨ 06050202 ｨｮ070806ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ06: $ ls images/*.png >file_list ｨｨ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0302. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06090401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, less. 0602070208ｨｹ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09ｨｹｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 00ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 0908ｨｮ ﾂｨｪｨｮ06, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ06ｨｦ 070601 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ wc (Word Count - 07060109 ﾂ02ｨｰ 09050609) 09 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -l, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 ﾂｨｨ090506 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502. 0006ｨｰ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609 08020302ｨｪｨｨ07: $ wc -l 0<file_list ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 090401ｨ 09ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ04ｨｦ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ. 02070208ｨ ｨｰ0608 < - 05ｨｰ06 06070208ｨ ｨｰ0608 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 09090601ｨ, ｨ 010209ｨｺ08ｨｨ07ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 05ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 06070208ｨ ｨｰ060806ｨｬ, 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 09090601, ｨｰ.02. 0, ｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 07080609ｨｰ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ: $ wc -l <file_list 0602070208ｨｹ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09ｨｹｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090902 ｰ08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 ｱ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 0201ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ 010507 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ060006 0709050702ｨｰ0907 sed (Stream EDitor - 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ060904ｨｦ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608). 0004 07080609ｨｰ06 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ02 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 09090601 sed 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 file_list, ｨ 020006 0904090601 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ02 09 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨｰ.02. the_list: $ sed -e ｯs/.png$//g ｯ <file_list >the_list ｨｨ 09ｨ 03 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ, 0006ｨｰ060904ｨｦ 010507 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ 09 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ0602 010507 09ｨ 09 090802ｨｬ07 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0706050204ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ.01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ ｨｬ 09 /shared ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ : 0601ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 08020302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ0602 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｨ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨｪ02 0706ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 07 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ060006 0904090601ｨ : $ ls -R /shared >/dev/null 2>errors 05ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪ (>) 09 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /dev/null, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ0907 090902, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 09 ｨｪ020006 04ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ 02ｨｰ02 (ｨｰ.02. 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｰ0907), ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ (2) 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 (>) 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 errors. 7.4.3. 08ｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 08ｨ ｨｪｨ 0504 (pipes) - 05ｨｰ06, 09 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 08060102, ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09090601ｨ ｨｨ 0904090601ｨ. 0308ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｨ07 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 07060106ｨ 02ｨｪ 00ｨｨ04ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｮ, 06ｨｰ090601ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0602 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02: 0601ｨｨｨｪ 07080602020909 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ, ｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 07080602020909 09 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ 02ｨｰ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202. 02070208ｨ ｨｰ0608 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ -. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 090208ｨｪ02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｺ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨｮ 0906 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｬ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 4. 0004 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 070601ｨｮｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 0005ｨｮ0706 0006090608ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｰ00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 06ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ020907 ｨｪｨ.png ｱ, ｨ ｨｪ02 07080609ｨｰ06 ｰPNG-ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｱ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 09 UNIX 03 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｨ02 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 0708ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰ06 ｨｮ09050609ｨｪ06: 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 0906090902 ｨｪ02 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｪ04 0607080201020507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰｨｨ0704 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 08ｨ ｨｦ05, 06ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ0907 ｨｪｨ.png, 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0302 ｨｮ0907020106ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ JPEG, 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060904ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ 0506ｨ 060006 0108ｨｮ00060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ. 0809ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｰ06 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 090708ｨ 09020105ｨｨ0906 ｨｨ 010507 Windows 03! 52

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｪ06 ｨ 0204 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 0906 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0502. 06060001ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0106 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ: $ ls images/*.png wc -l ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ls (ｨｰ.02. 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609) 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 09090601 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 wc. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0904 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨ09ｨｺ06ｨｬ04ｨｦ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ 090609ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｰｨ 0204 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｱ, 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 0903ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ: $ ls images/*.png sed -e ｯs/.png$//g ｯ >the_list ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0302, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ, ｨｪ02 09060108ｨ ｨｪ0707 020006 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05: $ ls images/*.png sed -e ｯs/.png$//g ｯ less 0202ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 050609 ｨｨ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｪ02 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ ﾂ0205060902ｨｺ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ, 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09 060208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05 ｯ02: $ xwd -root convert - /my_desktop.png 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬ06ｨｺ 09ｨ 03020006 08ｨ ｨ 06 ﾂ020006 09ｨｰ0605ｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 my_desktop.png 5 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 7.5. 05ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 05ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02-05ｨｰ06 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪｨ 07 00ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨ07, ｨｨ 090902 0906090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 shell ｯ04 (09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 bash) 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 06ｨｰ 0202. 0302 080605ｨｹ 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 06ｨ 050200 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06, ｨｪｨ 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 05ｨｰ06 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06. 01ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07-05ｨｰ06 ｨｨ05050609ｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802. 7.5.1. 0308ｨｨｨｬ0208 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 D09;_A_>G5=L_4;8==K<_8_A;>6=K<_4;O_22>40_8<5=5<, ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 020006 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 09 ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 0209ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬD09;_A_B5: AB><. 0004 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 09090602ｨｬ 05ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ: $ less 00ｨ <TAB> (ｨｰ.02., 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 less 00ｨ, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Tab). 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ shell 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 0106 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006: $ less 00ｨ ｨｦ05_09_ ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 090409020102ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0401 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609 (05ｨｰ06 020006 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ080602ｨｪｨ ). 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609: $ less 00ｨ ｨｦ05_09_06<TAB> ｨｨ shell 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ08ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 0106 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ060006 09ｨ ｨｬ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ : $ less 00ｨ ｨｦ05_09_06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ_0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ_ｨｨ_09050603ｨｪ04ｨｬ_010507_09090601ｨ _ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 090904, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Enter 010507 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 04ｨ ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 0609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ q 010507 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 5. 02ｨ, 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨ 09 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 PNG (0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ ImageMagick). 53

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 7.5.2. 0208ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 0907060906ｨ 04 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07 0805ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨ Tab - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 010507 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07, 0106ｨｰ07 06ｨｪ ｨｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｬ 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬ. 08ｨ ｨｺ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ0506, 04ｨ 09020803ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬ 0905060906ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 010507 07020809060006 09050609ｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 (080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ nsl<tab> ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ nslookup), ｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ - 010507 09090201 0609ｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 09050609, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0702080201 0905060906ｨｬ ｨｪ02 ｨｨ0104ｨｰ ｰｨｬｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｱ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ, @ ｨｨ05ｨｨ $. 00 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 shell 07060704ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ0907 04ｨ 09020803ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬ07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪ04 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 6. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｬｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 010507 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ (/) ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ060006 0904040609ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨ04 ｨｨ09ｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｨ (!). 0208ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 0109ｨ 0907060906ｨ ｨ 010507 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07-05ｨｰ06 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ Esc-<x> ｨｨCtrl-X-<x>, 000102 <x> - 05ｨｰ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ04 ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪｨｮｨｰ0401 09040302 ｨｬｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609. Esc-<x> 0706070806ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ 07080201050603ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0602 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02. 00 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｪ02ｨｮ01ｨ ﾂｨｨ 0905060906 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 0605ｨｹ0302ｨｦ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06ｨｦ 07060109ｨｰ0806ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609. 0509ｨｮｨｺ060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05 (beep) 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904ｨ 0608 ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02ｨｰ 07060101060107ｨｴ020006 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ. 0306090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-X-<x> 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0401 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609 ｨ 0204 07060704ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ060006-05ｨｨｨ 06 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07. 01ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Tab - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰ06 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 Esc-<x> ｨｨ Ctrl-X-<x>, 000102 ｨｬｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ, 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 090902 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ0402 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 09 07ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-X-$. 0208ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208: 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ man 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 nslookup, 07080609ｨｰ06 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 man nsl, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ Esc-!, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ 09020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ 0106 man nslookup. 7.6. 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ ｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ 0006ｨｪ06090401 070806020209090609: ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 0004, ｨｪｨ 090208ｨｪ0602, 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06, 0706090502 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 09090205ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ 09 060208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05 ｯ02, 09ｨ ｨｬ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 01060301ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07 0202 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04, 070802030102 ﾂ02ｨｬ shell 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02. 06ｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ 09 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, ｨ 0409ｨ 06ｨｰ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｨ, ｨｺ060001ｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02030205ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 080203ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ06 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 080203ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨ00ｨｪ0608ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0603ｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｨ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0904 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0706ｨｰ06ｨｺ 0603ｨｨｨ 06ｨｺ 09 /dev/null: cp -R images/ /shared/ 2>/dev/null 0004070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰ 0706ｨｺｨ 06ｨｪｨ ｨｪ02 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0907 070605ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06. 07 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ 0109ｨ 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰｨ 08020302ｨｪｨｨ07: 0702080904ｨｦ - 030209ｨｰ06ｨｺｨｨｨｦ, 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｮ (ｨｮｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02) ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ0602 0202 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｪ06 ｨｮ0302 09 ｨ 06050202 07060101060107ｨｴ0202 090802ｨｬ07. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-C: 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 07080602020909 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪ, ｨ 0904 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｺ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07. 0106 070601060301ｨｨｨｰ02, 0706ｨｺｨ ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 010205ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 05ｨｰ060006! ﾁｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 01ｨ 05ｨｹ0302. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0705ｨ 09ｨｹ, ｨ 0904 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｨ09ｨｹ ﾂ02ｨｬ-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬ. 04020302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ 07080602020909ｨ 09 0006ｨｪ060906ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-Z, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909: $ cp -R images/ /shared/ 2>/dev/null # 01ｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 0902ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 C-z [1]+ Stopped cp -R images/ /shared/ 2>/dev/null $ ｨｨ 0904 09ｨｪ0609ｨ 09 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07. 03080602020909 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0603ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 0603ｨｨ01ｨ 07 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 010507 020006 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ060006 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ (ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 05ｨｰ06 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ06 ｨｺ0506 ﾂ020904ｨｬ 0905060906ｨｬ Stopped). 06ｨｰ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 08ｨ 04 ｨｨ 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06, ｨｪ06 ｨｮ0302 09 0006ｨｪ060906ｨｬ 0708060202090902. 00090201ｨｨｨｰ02 bg (BackGround - 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｦ) 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 030205ｨ 02ｨｬ060006 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰｨ : $ bg [1]+ cp -R images/ /shared/ 2>/dev/null & $ 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 07080602020909 07080601060503ｨｨｨｰ 09090606 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ, ｨｪ06 ｨｮ0302 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0006ｨｪ0609ｨ 07 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 05ｨｰ06 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂ02ｨｪ06 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ & (ｨ ｨｬ07020809ｨ ｨｪ01) 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0904 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07080601060503ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 6. 0306ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰ02: UNIX 03 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 09020801ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0804. 03020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 HOME ｨｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 home - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 0302. 54

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ. 03080602020909, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0006ｨｪ0609ｨ 07 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨ, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 0006ｨｪ060906ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｬ 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ. 0806ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ06, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0708060202090904 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0006ｨｪ06090402 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂｨｨ, 0106ｨ ｨ 09050707 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ & 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 09 0006ｨｪ060906ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09: $ cp -R images/ /shared/ 2>/dev/null & 030905ｨｨ 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02, 0904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 07080602020909 09 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ 01060301ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 020006 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ 09 fg (ForeGround - 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ). ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 07020802090209ｨｰｨｨ 020006 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-Z, bg. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ: ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0102 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ09090602ｨｪ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ shell ｯｨ jobs 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09090201 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｬ shell ｯ06ｨｬ. 0302080201 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 09ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ0907 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ +, 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 07080602020909, 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 0006ｨｪ060906ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02. 020507 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｺ0802ｨｰｨｪ060006 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮfg <n>, 000102 <n> - ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, fg 5. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 0904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ070605ｨｪ0605ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ less ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060904ｨｦ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608 Vi, ｨｨ 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, ｨｺ060001ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ 05ｨｰ06 0706ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907. 7.7. 05ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 0905060906 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, shell 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 03ｨｨ0806ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 05000002ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0602 020006 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 01020506ｨｬ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪｨｮ05ｨｨ 05ｨｨ03ｨｹ 06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 01: Mandriva Linux ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨｰ040907 ﾂｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ, ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0402 060704ｨｰｨｪ0402 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｪ02 090902 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｪｨ 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 09ｨｺｨｮ09 ｨｨ 010507 0506ｨ 0401 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ: ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 010507 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ (ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪｨｮｨｰ06ｨｦ 09040302 convert, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 GIMP 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰｨｪ060006 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨｨ 09090201 pixmap), 0409ｨｮｨｺｨ (ｨｺ0601ｨｨ080609ｨｴｨｨｨｺｨｨ Ogg Vorbis, 070806ｨｨ00080409ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ 0409ｨｮｨｺ06090401 CD), 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ CD, ｨｺ05ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰ04 e- mail, ｨｺ05ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰ04 FTP ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 0902ｨ -ｨ 08ｨ ｨｮ04020804 (ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ lynx ｨｨ05ｨｨ links), ｨｪ02 000609060807 ｨｮ0302 06ｨ 06 09090201 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ 01 ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 02ｨ 0302 020905ｨｨ 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ05060302ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 00ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ, 06ｨｪｨｨ 04ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 0709050706ｨｰ0907 0008ｨ 00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0609ｨｪ060902 05ｨｰｨｨ01 09ｨ ｨｬ0401 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ. 00 0106070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906 09 09090602ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02: 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070609ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ090409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 CD ｨｨ 0904ｨｦｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ04 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 09 ｨｮ09020802ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06, ﾂｨｰ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09010205ｨ ｨｪｨ (09ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ man 010507 nohup(1) ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ man 010507 screen(1)). 55

130105ｨ 09ｨ 7. 0009020102ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 56

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨ 040506 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 0906 0909020102ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 1-05ｨｰ06 00ｨｮｨｪ01ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 05ｨｹｨｪｨ 07 060906ｨ 02ｨｪｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ UNIX 03. 0209ｨ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ04 04010209ｨｹ 0906ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｬ0907 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰｨｺ06 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09050603ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰ04 010507 0702080906ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｪ06 0706090502 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 08ｨ 04ｨ 020802ｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 010507 09ｨ 09 ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ06ｨｬ. 00 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ, 05ｨｰ06 09090704ｨ ｨｪ06 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ06 ｨｬｨｪ06030209ｨｰ0906 080203ｨｨｨｬ0609 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｴｨｨ01 09070202ｨｨ00ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ02 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 010507 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03060006 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ｨｰｨｨ070609 (perl, C++, XML ｨｨ 0108.). 8.1. Emacs Emacs - 05ｨｰ06, 0902080607ｨｰｨｪ06, 09ｨ ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060904ｨｦ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608 ｨｨ04 09090201 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01. 02ｨｪ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨ 09060506ｨｰｨｪ06 090902, ｨｨ ｨｪ02060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ06 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ080702ｨｰ0907, ｨ 05ｨ 000601ｨ 0807 09090602ｨｬｨｮ 0909ｨｰ080602ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 070404ｨｺｨｮ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨ 0402 lisp. 05 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 Emacs 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨ 080601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0706 0902ｨ ｨｮ, ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706 ﾂｨｰｨｮ, 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ02 09 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ 01 ｨｪ06090609ｨｰ02ｨｦ Usenet, 0006ｨｰ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ060002 ｨｨ ｨｰ.07. 06ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 04ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0904 0904 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 090902 05ｨｰ06 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0904 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 0106080603ｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ Emacs, 06ｨｰ080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 ｨｨ 0904ｨｦｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ04 Emacs. 030905ｨｨ 0706090502 070806 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ060006, 0904 04ｨ 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ Emacs, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 04ｨ 000507ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 090601ｨ : Tutorial Introduction to GNU Emacs (http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/keith/tcl-course/emacs-tutorial. html). 8.1.1. 0808ｨ ｨｰｨｺ0602 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ0907 Emacs ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: emacs [00ｨ ｨｦ051] [00ｨ ｨｦ052...] Emacs 06ｨｰｨｺ080602ｨｰ ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ, 09 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ00020802. 030905ｨｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 0109ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 06ｨｺｨｪ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨ 09ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ ｨｰｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ 0401020502ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 0109ｨ, 09 0702080906ｨｬ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨ 0906 09ｨｰ060806ｨｬ - 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨ ｨｮ0002080609. 030905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 Emacs ｨ 0204 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｨ01-05ｨｨｨ 06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02, 0904 06ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 ｨ ｨｮ00020802 070601 ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ * scratch*. 030905ｨｨ 0904 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02 09 X, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ04 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｬ0403ｨｨ, ｨ 020905ｨｨ 0904 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060906ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02, 0904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ ｨｬ02ｨｪ06 07060908020109ｨｰ0906ｨｬ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨF10, ｨｪ06 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 ｨｬ04 09ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202ｨｪｨｰ08ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 09 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0806ｨｦ ｨ 0204 090907ｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｬ02ｨｪ06. 8.1.2. 01ｨ ﾂｨ 0506 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 08 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 070608ｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺ06ｨｦ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ02ｨｬ 09 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｨ07 0109ｨｮ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: file1 ｨｨ file2. 030905ｨｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｪ02 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ, 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ04 0706090502 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 ﾂｨｰ06-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ03ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｪｨｨ01: $ emacs file1 file2 0306090502 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202 06ｨｺｨｪ06: 1. 030601 ｰ080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ ｱ 0706ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｴ020006 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨ04 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09, 02ｨｨ0008 ｨｨ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0609 07ｨｮｨｪｨｺｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ0402 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ, ｨｨ09010601ｨｪ0402 ｨｺ060104, 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 ｨｺ06ｨｪ00ｨｨ00ｨｮ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 57

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 8-1. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0109ｨｮ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 08ｨ ｨｺ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ, ｨ 0405ｨｨ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ04 0109ｨ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨ (000102 0904 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 (New file)) ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208. 06ｨｰ06 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ-ｨ ｨｮ000208. 0004 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｮ ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07. 0004 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪ04 Emacs ｯ06ｨｬ 0906 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0401 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ. 020507 09ｨｬ02ｨｪ04 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X-O. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09 ｰ06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06ｨｬ ｱ080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ060802, ｨｮ01ｨ 050707 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 Del ｨｨ05ｨｨ Backspace. 020507 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03: Ctrl-A 010507 07020802010601ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, Ctrl-E 010507 07020802010601ｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, Alt-< ｨｨ05ｨｨ Ctrl-Home 010507 07020802010601ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ ｨｨ Alt-> ｨｨ05ｨｨ Ctrl-End 010507 07020802010601ｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ060006 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, 01ｨ 0302 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 010507 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 2. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0904 0006ｨｰ060904 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090906ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X Ctrl-S, ｨｨ05ｨｨ, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X Ctrl-W. Emacs 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 01060503ｨｪ06 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ06 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ, 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 0903ｨｨ09ｨｹ 010507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ0302ｨｦ Tab ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09 bash. 8.1.3. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｮ0002080609 0308ｨｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0609ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ000208. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 0209ｨｰｨｹ 0109ｨ 0907060906ｨ ｨ : 6ｦ1 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 ｨ ｨｮ00020802, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 0106 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X 0. 6ｦ1 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 ｨ ｨｮ00020802, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 0106 0609ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X 1. 020507 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 0109ｨ 0907060906ｨ ｨ : 6ｦ1 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X B ｨｨ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ060006 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 6ｦ1 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X Ctrl-B. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ ｨｪ060904ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ * Buffer List* (0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨ ｨｮ0002080609). 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0706 05ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨｮ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ Ctrl-X O, 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0904ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ000208 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Enter, ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ-ｨ ｨｮ00020802 ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ060006 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ. 0306090502 ｨｰ060006, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 09010205ｨ 02ｨｰ02 0904ｨ 0608, ｨ ｨｮ000208 * Buffer List* 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ0907 09 0006ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ ｨｨ 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 06ｨｰ 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ, ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X K. 0306090502 05ｨｰ060006 Emacs 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨ ｨｮ0002080609 06ｨｪ 0106050302ｨｪ 04ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 05ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ000208, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 0904 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 06ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00060006 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 020006 ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 TAB: Emacs 06ｨｰｨｺ080602ｨｰ 02ｨｴ02 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ000208 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ * Completions* (04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ07), 0708020105ｨ 00ｨ 07 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0401 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609. 030601ｨｰ09020801ｨｨｨｰ02 0904ｨ 0608 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ0302ｨｦ Enter. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09 0506ｨ 0602 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 0109ｨ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ0401 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X 2. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｪ060904ｨｦ 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｺ0607ｨｨ02ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ (ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0706040906050702ｨｰ 2. Emacs ｨ 0405 08ｨ 0408ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｪ 010507 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ0401 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨ 01, ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0609ｨｪｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪ04 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ 0204 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 06ｨｰ06 02ｨｴ02 ｨ 06050202 090708ｨ 09020105ｨｨ0906 010507 Vi. 58

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 09ｨ ｨｬ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨ 01 ｰ0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｱ). 020507 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09040302 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 0004 09 0506ｨ 0602 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 06ｨｰｨｺ080409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ06090402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ Ctrl-X Ctrl-F. Emacs 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｨ 0904 09ｨｪ0609ｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨ 09ｨｰ0604ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ, 020905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 05ｨｰ06 ｨ 06050202 ｨｮ0106ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｬ. 8.1.4. 080607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 0904080204ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨ, 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｮｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 04ｨｨ09. 8-2. 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 8-2. Emacs, 0702080201 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ0609060006 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨ 05ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0904010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0506ｨｺ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 ｨｬ04 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0202050602 0708020105060302ｨｪｨｨ02. 0302080904ｨｬ 03ｨ 0006ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ. 0308ｨｨ ｨｮ09050609ｨｨｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨｮ08090608 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0302 070604ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨｨ09. 8-2, 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ: Ctrl-Space (Control + ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨ 070806ｨ 0205). Emacs 090409020102ｨｰ 09 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ-ｨ ｨｮ00020802 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 Mark set (0002ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨ ). 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 07020802ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 03ｨ 09 Ctrl-A. 02ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ, 090401020502ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 010507 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904080204ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07-05ｨｰ06 090907 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｨｨｬ 070605060302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ, 090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 05ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 020205ｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ. 020609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ04 010902 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01: Alt-W (010507 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07) ｨｨ05ｨｨ Ctrl-W (010507 0904080204ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07). 030905ｨｨ 0904 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ02 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, Emacs 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ08090608 ｨｪｨ 070604ｨｨ02ｨｨ06 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0904 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 090401020502ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ. 06 09 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02, 07020802ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨ ｨｮ000208, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ, ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-Y. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0904 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ: 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 8-3. 080607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 09 emacs 59

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 00 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 0902ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 09010205ｨ 05ｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 09 kill ring. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ kill ring 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ 090902 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ, 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904080204ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ Emacs. 0906ｨ ｨ 07 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904080204ｨ ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 kill ring. 0306090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-Y ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｰ0909ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ ｱ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07 ｨｺ 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-Y, 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 Alt-Y 0106 ｨｰ0201 070608, 0706ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ. 020507 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 07020802ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-S. Emacs 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ. 020507 0708060106050302ｨｪｨｨ07 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ00020802 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 07080609ｨｰ06 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 060707ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-S. 08060001ｨ Emacs 010609ｨｰｨｨ00ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 09060907ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ Ctrl-S 02ｨｴ02 08ｨ 04, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 06ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ. 01ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ Enter 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 020507 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Alt-%. Emacs 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｨｪｨ 0106 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｰ06 0204 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 04ｨ 0708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ02 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ060006 09060907ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07. 020507 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｪ04 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-X U ｨｨ05ｨｨ Ctrl-Shift--, ﾂｨｰ06 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｪｨ 070802010401ｨｮｨｴｨｮ06 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨ06. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06. 8.1.5. 0004010601 ｨｨ04 emacs 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨ07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 010507 05ｨｰ060006 - Ctrl-X Ctrl-C. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ 09010205ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07, Emacs 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09, 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 05ｨｨ 0904 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｮ00020804 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ. 8.2. Vi: 0708020106ｨｺ Vi ｨ 0405 0702080904ｨｬ ｨｨ04 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 070605ｨｪ0605ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ06080609. 06ｨｰ06 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0401 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 07060109020800ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 07ｨ 01ｨｺｨ ｨｬ 0906 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04 070806ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609 UNIX 03, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09 05ｨｰ06 0302 090802ｨｬ07 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0601ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨ01 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 020006 04ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609: 0106ｨｰ07 Vi 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 0905060302ｨｪ 09 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ, 06ｨｪ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0907 ﾂ0802040904 ﾂｨ ｨｦｨｪ06 ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｺ060001ｨ ﾂ0205060902ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 060704ｨｰｨ 09 020006 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ. 0308ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｦ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ Vi ｨｬ060302ｨｰ "09090208ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 00060804", ｨｨ, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 Emacs, ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06090402 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ060804 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 07060109ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｰ02ｨｬ 0302. 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502 09020809ｨｨ07, 070609ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｬｨ 07 09 Mandriva Linux - 05ｨｰ06 Vim (06ｨｰ VI improved, ｨｮ05ｨｮ ﾂ0302ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ VI), ｨｪ06 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0902 ｨｬ04 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 Vi. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨ 06050202 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ Vi, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0904000507ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 0106ｨｺｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04: Hands-On Introduction to the Vi Editor (http://www.library.yale.edu/wsg/docs/vi_hands_on/) ｨｨ05ｨｨ Vim home page (http://www.vim.org/). 8.2.1. 040203ｨｨｨｬ 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, 080203ｨｨｨｬ ex... ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 Vi, ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0302 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｨ 010507 Emacs. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 090208ｨｪ02ｨｬ0907 ｨｺ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨｨｬ 0109ｨｮｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 020802ｨｬ: $ vi 00ｨ ｨｦ051 00ｨ ｨｦ052 01ｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 05ｨｰｨ 0702 0904 06ｨ ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰ02 0702080201 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ 06ｨｺｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 07060106ｨ ｨｨ02 05ｨｰ060006: 60

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 8-4. 0609010601ｨｪｨ 07 070604ｨｨ02ｨｨ07 09 VIM 0502ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 0904 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09 ｨｰ.ｨｪ. ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 09 0702080904ｨｬ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 07020802ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 010507 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : 030603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪ0402 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 01060503ｨｪ04 09090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06, Vi 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 09020801ｨｪ020006 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ020006 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ080609 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 01, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ a - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ ｨｰ06 0302, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ A. 6ｦ1 a ｨｨ i: 010507 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 0706090502 ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ ｨｨ 0702080201 ｨｪｨｨｨｬ (A ｨｨ I 0909ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0502 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ); 6ｦ1 o ｨｨ O: 010507 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 070601 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 01 ｨｪ02ｨｦ. 00 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 0904 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ --INSERT-- 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨ (ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 0904 060708020102050702ｨｰ02, 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0904 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ). 06ｨｰ06 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 070604090605ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 090208ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ0907 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Esc. 00 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ Backspace ｨｨ DEL 010507 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 0706 ｨｬ020802 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ. 0805ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 07060409060507ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0706 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨｮ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ｨｨ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ. 00 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0706040302. 03020802ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ ex 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09050702ｨｰ0907 07ｨｮｨｰ04ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ :. 00 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｦ 05020906ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨ 07060709ｨｨｨｰ0907 : 09 ｨｺｨｮ0809060806ｨｬ. 000904, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 0909020104ｨｰ02 0106 ｨｪｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Enter, Vi ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ex. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰ02 0909020104ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 :, 0904 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 0906040908ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪ04 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ, ｨ ｨｺｨｮ08090608 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09010601ｨｪｨｮ06 070604ｨｨ02ｨｨ06 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ02. 00 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 ex 09ｨ ｨｬ 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ06 ｨ 09ｨｰ0604ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01: 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 070208090402 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Tab, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 04ｨ 09020803ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0204 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608. 020507 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 :w. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｮ000208ｨ 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 :w <ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ >. 8.2.2. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｺｨ ｨ ｨｮ0002080609 020507 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0302 ｨ ｨｮ00020802 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 :next 010507 07020802010601ｨ ｨｺ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ ｨｨ :prev 010507 07020802010601ｨ ｨｺ 070802010401ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ :e <ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ >, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 05ｨｨｨ 06 07020802ｨｦｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 61

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪ ｨｮ0302 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ, 05ｨｨｨ 06 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 Emacs, ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨ ｨｮ0002080609. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 090609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ :split. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 09ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｮ000208, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 Ctrl-w j 010507 07020802010601ｨ 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208, ｨｨ05ｨｨ Ctrl-w k 010507 07020802010601ｨ 09 09020801ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰ080205ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0909020801 ｨｨ 09ｨｪｨｨ04 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 j ｨｨ05ｨｨ k. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ :close 09ｨｺ080409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ000208, ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ :q 020006 04ｨ ｨｺ080409ｨ 02ｨｰ. 00ｨ ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 020905ｨｨ 0904 07060704ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｹ ｨ ｨｮ000208 ｨ 0204 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09010205ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨ, ｨ Vi 090409020102ｨｰ 05ｨｰ060006 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02: No write since last change (use! to override) (0306090502 070609050201ｨｪ020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ (ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02! 010507 07020802ｨｺ0804ｨｰｨｨ07)) 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 09010205ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨ 040506 09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 09040302, ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 :q! ｨｨ05ｨｨ :close!. 8.2.3. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 00 Vi ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03 080203ｨｨｨｬｨ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 Backspace ｨｨ DEL ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 ｨｬｨｪ060006 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 010507 ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ04 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02. 000902 0708ｨｨ09020102ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨｨ0302 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 0706 09ｨｮｨｰｨｨ 01020507ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ 010902 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ: 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ0602 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｨ 020006 05000002ｨｺｨｰ. 0202ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ: 6ｦ1 c: 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ (Change). 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608 ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ 04ｨ 0708060302ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ ｨｨ 0706090502 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 0906040908ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ0907 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ. 6ｦ1 d: ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨｨｰｨｹ (Delete). 6ｦ1 y: 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ (Yank). 0004 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 020006 09 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502. 6ｦ1.: 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 070609050201ｨｪ0202 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02. 06000002ｨｺｨｰ 060708020102050702ｨｰ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609, 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ. 6ｦ1 h, j, k, l: 0601ｨｨｨｪ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 09050209ｨ, 09ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｮ, 0909020801ｨｮ ｨｨ 090708ｨ 09ｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 3 6ｦ1 e, b, w: ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 09050609ｨ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006 09050609ｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 6ｦ1 ^, 0, $: 0702080904ｨｦ ｨｪ0207ｨｮ09ｨｰ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 6ｦ1 f<x>: 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 <x>. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, fe 07020802ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ08090608 ｨｺ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｮ e. 6ｦ1 /<09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ >,?<09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ >: 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｨ 070802010401ｨｮｨｴｨ 07 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0602 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 <09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ >. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, /lafox 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｺｨｮ08090608 ｨｺ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ 09050609ｨｮ lafox. 6ｦ1 {, }: ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 07ｨ 08ｨ 0008ｨ 00ｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 6ｦ1 G, H: ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨ. 08ｨ 030106ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｰ05000002ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0401 ｱ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 07080201030209ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 070609ｨｰ060802ｨｪｨｨ07. 020507 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 G ( ｰGo ｱ) 06ｨｪ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502. 0209ｨｪ06090409ｨ 0709ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060401ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0506ｨ 0402 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨ 02ｨｨｨｦ. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609: 6ｦ1 6b: 07020802010601 ｨｪｨ 6 09050609 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01; 6ｦ1 c8fk: ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 0909020006 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 0106 090609ｨｹｨｬ060006 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ060006 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ k, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 07020802010601 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ; 6ｦ1 91G: 07020802010601 ｨｪｨ 91-06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ; 6ｦ1 d3$: ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 0106 ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 07050609 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 010902 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 0906ｨｰ07 ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 ｨｪ02 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ ｨｪｨ 00050701ｨｪ04, ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 010507 ｨｨ01 04ｨ 0706ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨ. 0201ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｰ09090208ｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 00060804 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｱ ｨｪ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ03 ｨｨ 070802ｨｮ090205ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ06. 3. 0506ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ04ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 dl (ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 0601ｨｪ060006 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ 090708ｨ 09ｨ ) - x; 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ04ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 dh (ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 0601ｨｪ060006 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨ 09050209ｨ ) - X; dd ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ. 62

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 8.2.4. 0004080204ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨ 00 Vi ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨｮ06 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0302 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ y. 020507 0904080204ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ d. 020507 0108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 09040102050702ｨｰ0907 27 07 ﾂ0202ｨｺ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0002080609: ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪｨ 07 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 26 07 ﾂ0202ｨｺ 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 09ｨｨ0102 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09 ｨ ｨｪ0005ｨｨｨｦ09ｨｺ060006 ｨ 0500ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨ 09 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0802. 020507 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪ06ｨｦ 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ ｰｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｱ. 06ｨ ｨｺ, ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ y12w 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 09 ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪｨｮ06 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｹ 12 09050609 0706090502 ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ 4. 0609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 d12w, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0904080204ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰｨｮ 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 26 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 07 ﾂ0202ｨｺ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ, 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 0702080201 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ 0706090502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ "<x>, 000102 <x> 060708020102050702ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ07 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ. 050502010609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0402 12 09050609 09 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｮ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ k, 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ "ky12w, ｨｨ05ｨｨ "kd12w, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0904080204ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｪ06ｨｦ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 p ｨｨ05ｨｨ P (06ｨｰ 09050609ｨ Paste) 010507 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 0706090502 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0106 ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0302 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 "<x>p ｨｨ05ｨｨ "<x>p (ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, "dp 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ 0706090502 ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ d). 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208: 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 8-5. VIM, 0702080201 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ0609060006 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨ ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02, ｨｬ04: 6ｦ1 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ06 09ｨｺ0607ｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ 070208090402 6 09050609 0708020105060302ｨｪｨｨ07 09 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｮ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ r (010507 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ ): "ry6w 5 ; 6ｦ1 07020802ｨｦ0102ｨｬ 09 ｨ ｨｮ000208 file2, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｮ: Ctrl-w j; 6ｦ1 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ 0702080201 ｨｺｨｮ0809060806ｨｬ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 07 ﾂ02ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ r: "rp. 0004 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05ｨｨ 0603ｨｨ01ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 04ｨｨ09. 8-6. 4. 0106 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06, 020905ｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ08090608 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0502 07020809060006 09050609ｨ! 5. 00 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｬ04090502 y6w 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ: ｰ0004080204ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 6 09050609 ｱ. 63

130105ｨ 09ｨ 8. 040201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ : Emacs ｨｨ VI 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 8-6. VIM, 0706090502 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ0609060006 ｨ 0506ｨｺｨ 0306ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 07080609ｨｰ: 07080609ｨｰ06 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｬ 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 /, ｨｨ09ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ Enter. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, /kyiv ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ kyiv 06ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｦ 070604ｨｨ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｺｨｮ08090608ｨ. 01ｨ 03ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ n 07020802ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ 09 ｨｺ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 09060907ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨ 020905ｨｨ 0904 010609ｨｰｨｨ00ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, 09ｨｪ0609ｨ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ02ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 020507 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 / ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02?. 8.2.5. 0004010601 ｨｨ04 Vi 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 010507 0904010601ｨ - :q (ｨｪｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｬ 01020502, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0302 09ｨｨ010205ｨｨ, 06ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ080409ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208, ｨｪ06 020905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208, 0904 04ｨ 09020803ｨｨｨｰ02 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ Vi). 06ｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 0904 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ05. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 010507 0904010601ｨ 0904 090609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ: 6ｦ1 :wq ｨｨ05ｨｨ :x 010507 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ 0904010601ｨ (ｨ 06050202 ｨ 0409ｨｰ0804ｨｬ 08020302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ Z Z), ｨｨ05ｨｨ 6ｦ1 :q! 010507 0904010601ｨ ｨ 0204 09060108ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 00ｨ ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 06ｨｰｨｺ0804ｨｰ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨ ｨｮ0002080609, ｨｰ06 :wq 04ｨ 07ｨｨ0302ｨｰ ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｺ080602ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ000208. 8.3. 05ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 0905060906... 0806ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ06, ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ 04010209ｨｹ 000608ｨ 040106 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302, ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨ 040506 ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 (090201ｨｹ 0702080906ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 020205ｨｹ06, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ-ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ, ｨ 040506 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ0609060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ), ｨｪ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ ｨｪｨ 010207ｨｰｨｹ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 09ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ06090401 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ06080609. 02ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608ｨ 01 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 02ｨｴ02 ｨｬｨｪ06000602 08ｨ 0909ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, 06 ﾂ02ｨｬ 0909ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 ﾂｨｨ090506 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00, 0706090907ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ. 02ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 0902ｨ 02 ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮ090906ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090906 05ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06, 06ｨｰ01ｨ 09 070802010706 ﾂｨｰ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ06080609, ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 080609ｨｪ06 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06, 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 070609 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02 010507 0902ｨ 07 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04ｨｬ. 0106 0706 ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｦｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｬ020802 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0904 04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02, ﾂｨｰ06 020905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0706ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 01ｨ 05ｨｹ0302, ｨｰ06 090904 09 09ｨ 03ｨｨ01 08ｨｮｨｺｨ 01. 64

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 000205ｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0904-0708020109ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602 ﾂｨｨ090506 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 06ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0706050204ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 010507 070609090201ｨｪ0209ｨｪ060006 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 0201ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 0609ｨｪ0609ｨｪ0401 010609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ09 GNU/Linux 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 07080609ｨｰ0401 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ 010507 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09050603ｨｪ0401 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ. 00ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮ0302 ｨ 040506 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09090704ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0904 ﾂｨｨｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0904010601ｨｪ0402 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 010507 05ｨｮ ﾂ03020006 0906090708ｨｨ07ｨｰｨｨ07 (09ｨｬ. 04ｨ 0401. 7.4). 0602070208ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ 0506 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0706050204ｨｪ0401 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 01ｨ 01ｨｮｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 070609040302ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ080605ｨｹ ｨｨ 070609040302ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 07080601ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ. 06ｨｰｨ 0005ｨ 09ｨ 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ 070601 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608 ｨｮ0708ｨ 03ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 0904 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 070605ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｮ090906ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ0405060302ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 ｨｪ02ｨｦ 00ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｺｨ 0301ｨ 07 ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0708060102ｨｬ06ｨｪ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802. 0102 ｨ 06ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ 0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨ 0905ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ09ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0906 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09 0706 0506ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 00 ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ02ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01 0904 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 08ｨ 04010205 ｰSEE ALSO ｱ ( ｰ0500. 0608080403 ｱ), ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 09ｨ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 0602070208ｨｹ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｪ0609ｨ 07 06ｨ 05ｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 010507 ｨｨ09090502010609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 09090602ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04GNU/Linux! 9.1. 02070208ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ07 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪｨ 07 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 09020102ｨｰ0907 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 ｨｬ04 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 07080609ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｨ04090502ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨ 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 9.1.1. cat, tail, head, tee: 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 010507 0904090601ｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 06ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 0706 ﾂｨｰｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0302 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: ｨｨｨｬ07_ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104[060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ05(04)], ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ04 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 01. 000902 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 010507 0904090601ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬ. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ cat 06ｨ ｨｲ0201ｨｨｨｪ0702ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 0709050702ｨｰ0907 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 09ｨ 03020006 ｨｺ06ｨｬ07ｨｹ06ｨｰ0208ｨ. 06ｨｰ06 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0401 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ: # cat /var/log/mail/info 010507 0904090601ｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 0706 ﾂｨｰ0609060006 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 1. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ cat ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪｨｮ06 060702ｨｨ06 (-n), ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ. 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 050609 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ0609 (020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ04) 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0306ｨｦ 08ｨ 04ｨｬ0208 2 ｨｨ 070605ｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨ01 0904090601 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｪ02 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪ04ｨｬ. 000606ｨ ｨｴ02 000609060807, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ tail. 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 090409020102ｨｰ (0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06) 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ02 10 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ /var/log/mail/info: # tail /var/log/mail/info 08ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 050609 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 01ｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ0706ｨｰ0907, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ04 070609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｪ06 0106ｨ ｨ 09050706ｨｰ 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 06ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｰ04 06 09060902080302ｨｪｨｪ0401 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ0701 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0906ｨ 04ｨｰｨｨ0701. 020507 ｨｪｨ ｨ 05060102ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ 09 050600-00ｨ ｨｦ0502 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨｨｨ -f: # tail -f /var/log/mail/info 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 090902 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 /var/log/mail/info ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｬ02010502ｨｪｨｪ06 0904090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. 0609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 tail 09 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -f 090209ｨｹｨｬｨ 0706050204ｨｪ06, ｨｺ060001ｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ 09ｨ 03ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｪｨ ｨ 050601ｨ 07 04ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨ /var/log/messages, 0904 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0909020001ｨ 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ0701 ｨｨ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪｨ 01. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 tail 010507 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 06ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0702080201 090409060106ｨｬ ｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006. 04ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 09 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -f 0708ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪｨ, ﾂｨｰ06 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0202ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0106070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 010507 ｨｪｨ ｨ 05060102ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 0904ｨ ｨｨｨｬ060102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ02ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 1. 0102ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 0609ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 050609 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0902080902080609 (0905ｨｮ03ｨ, 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ0609). 07ｨ 0201ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ syslogd (0706040906050702ｨｰ 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ0609) ｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ (09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 Postfix), ｨｨ ﾂｨｰ06 0904 09 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02 070601 root ｯ06ｨｬ. 0309ｨｰ0209ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06 0904 0909020001ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 03ｨｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804 ｨｺ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬ. 2. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /var/log/mail/info 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06ｨ 06 09090201 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ 01, 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ0701 06 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺ02 0706 ﾂｨｰ04 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ 0706 070806ｨｰ06ｨｺ0605ｨｮ POP ｨｨ ｨｰ.07. 65

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 060702ｨｨ06 -n 010507 0904090601ｨ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ01 n 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 010507 0904090601ｨ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ01 2-01 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02: # tail -n2 /var/log/mail/info 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 010507 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 060702ｨｨｨｨ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0708ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 060702ｨｨｨｦ -n2 ｨｨ -f 0904 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ02ｨｰ02 09 0109ｨｮ01 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ01 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 07080601060503ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ 050601ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 070607090502ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ06090401 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 0706 ｨｬ020802 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ01 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨ. 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ head 0706010603ｨ ｨｪｨ tail, ｨｪ06 06ｨｪｨ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 070208090402 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 090409020102ｨｰ (0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06) 070208090402 10 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ /var/log/mail/info: # head /var/log/mail/info 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 09 tail 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 060702ｨｨ06 -n 010507 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 0904090601ｨｨｨｬ0401 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 010507 0904090601ｨ 070208090401 2-01 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02: # head -n2 /var/log/mail/info 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰｨｨ 010902 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｪ06. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 9 ｨｨ 10, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ head 0904ｨ 020802ｨｰ 070208090402 10 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ ｨｨ04 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ 0702080201ｨ 09ｨｰ ｨｨ01 0706 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｮ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ tail. # head /var/log/mail/info tail -n2 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 070609050201ｨｪ0707 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 090604ｨｹｨｬ02ｨｰ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ02 2 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 090409020102ｨｰ ｨｨ01 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. 06ｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0302 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 20-06 06ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02ｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ: # tail -n20 /var/log/mail/info head -n1 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 ｨｬ04 0006090608ｨｨｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0102 tail 090407ｨｰｨｹ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ02 20 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ ｨｨ 0702080201ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 0706 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｮ 09 head. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ head 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 07020809ｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｨｨ04 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 070609050201ｨｪ020006 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｨ 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 results.txt. 01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0706ｨｬ06 ﾂｨｹ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ tee. 0304 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: tee [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ05] 0602070208ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 070802010401ｨｮｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: # tail -n20 /var/log/mail/info head -n1 tee results.txt 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 02ｨｴ02 0601ｨｨｨｪ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208. 01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ02 20 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ, 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 results.txt, ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 07020809ｨｮ06 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01. 06060001ｨ ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: # tail -n20 /var/log/mail/info tee results.txt head -n1 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 tee 0209ｨｰｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪｨ 07 060702ｨｨ07 (-a), ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 010607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 00 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ grep 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ08ｨ 010507 06ｨｰ01020502ｨｪｨｨ07 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ Postfix 06ｨｰ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 0905ｨｮ03ｨ. 9.1.2. grep: 0306ｨｨ09ｨｺ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01 01ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨｪｨｨ 0204 ｨ ｨ ｨ 080209ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ08ｨ ( ｰGeneral Regular Expression Parser ｱ - 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｦ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨ ｨｰ0608 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨ01 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0401 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ) ｨｪ02 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨｮｨｨｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0204 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 07080609ｨｰ04: grep ｨｨｨｴ02ｨｰ 09 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ, 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ. 0304 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: grep [060702ｨｨｨｨ] <03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ> [0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609] 030905ｨｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 09 06ｨｰ06ｨ 08ｨ 03ｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｬ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ02 ｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 0702080201 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ06ｨｦ. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 060702ｨｨ06 -h 010507 0708020106ｨｰ0908ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0904090601ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 060702ｨｨ06 -l 010507 0904090601ｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 09060907ｨ 0102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ. 01ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ - 05ｨｰ06 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0602 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02, 0106ｨｰ07 09 ｨ 0605ｨｹ03ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 0209 06ｨｪ 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ04 0601ｨｪ060006 0201ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ060006 09050609ｨ. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402 060702ｨｨｨｨ: 66

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 6ｦ1 -i: 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ ｨ 0204 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ (ｨｰ.02. ｨｨ00ｨｪ0608ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ 04ｨｪｨｨ0204 ｨｬ020301ｨｮ 09020801ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｬ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0806ｨｬ); 6ｦ1 -v: 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ. 0004090601 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨｮ; 6ｦ1 -n: 0904090601 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 010507 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ0401 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ; 6ｦ1 -w: 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ grep ｯｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ 0106050302ｨｪ 09060907ｨ 01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0906 090902ｨｬ 0905060906ｨｬ. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｺ, 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 090208ｨｪ04ｨｬ0907 ｨｺ ｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ04ｨｮ 050600-00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 0706 ﾂｨｰ0609060006 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪｨ. 01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 /var/log/mail/info, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ ｰpostfix ｱ. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｬ04 09090601ｨｨｨｬ ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ: # grep postfix /var/log/mail/info 030905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, 0103 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨ postfix, ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -v: # grep -v postfix /var/log/mail/info 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ grep ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 01. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 06ｨ ｨｮ09070203ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ 01. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 06ｨｰ00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090902 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 0706 ﾂｨｰ060904ｨｬ 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ06ｨｬ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨ (090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ postfix), ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 01060503ｨｪ04 090601020803ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨ ｨｮ09070203ｨｪ06ｨｦ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺ02 (status=sent) 3 : # grep postfix /var/log/mail/info grep status=sent 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ grep ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨ 0109ｨ 030104. 06ｨｰ06 08ｨ 04080203ｨ 02ｨｰ0907, ｨｪ06 090400050701ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪ02 0906090902ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨ 09ｨｨ0906. 0606ｨｰ 0302 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 fgrep. 0306 09ｨｮｨｰｨｨ fgrep - 05ｨｰ06 ｨ 06050202 07080609ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0907060906ｨ 010507 0904040609ｨ grep -F. 05ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ04, 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ. 06ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 09060401ｨ ｨｪ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ (ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ patterns.txt 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ): # echo -e ｯstatus=sent npostfix ｯ >./patterns.txt 030806090208ｨｹｨｰ02 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ cat. n - 05ｨｰ06 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｦ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ, 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｰｨｪ0609ｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ ｱ. 05ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｬ04 0904040409ｨ 02ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｦ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 patterns.txt ｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨｮ fgrep 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｰ010906ｨｦｨｪ060006 0904040609ｨ ｱ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 grep: # fgrep -f./patterns.txt /var/log/mail/info 08ｨ ｨｦ05./patterns.txt ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090601020803ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｮ000601ｨｪ06 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ0609. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 010507 0904ｨ 0608ｨｺｨｨ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 06 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ 01, ｨｮ09070203ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ ｨ 01080209 peter@mandriva.com, 010609ｨｰｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨ 01080209 09 ｨｪｨ 03 00ｨ ｨｦ05./patterns.txt, 0904070605ｨｪｨｨ09 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ: # echo ｯpeter@mandriva.com ｯ >>./patterns.txt 0306ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｪ0602 01020506, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ grep 09 tail ｨｨ head. 030905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ07 06 07080201070609050201ｨｪ02ｨｬ 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬ02, 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨ 01080209 peter@mandriva.com, ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ: # fgrep -f./patterns.txt /var/log/mail/info tail -n2 head -n1 05010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ05ｨｨ 0607ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09040302 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ08 ｨｨ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨｨ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ﾂ02080204 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104tail ｨｨ head. 02ｨｪｨｨ 0904ｨ 08ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｨ04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 07080201070609050201ｨｪ0202 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 9.1.3. egrep: 040200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0402 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 05 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 grep ｨｬ04 060008ｨ ｨｪｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ04 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 00ｨｨｨｺ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ. 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ0402 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ, 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｬｨｮ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｮ ｰABC Company ｱ? 03020802 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｨ02 09090201 ｨｨ01 050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨ 010802090609 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｪ02 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨｮ03 ｨｨ 07080609ｨｰ06ｨｦ 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ02ｨｦ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 07080607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ060006-05ｨｨｨ 06, ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0907 0908ｨｮ ﾂｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ0607ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 03ｨｮ08ｨｪｨ 05ｨ. 3. 0906ｨｰ07 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ08ｨ 02ｨｨ06 07080609ｨｰ06 0706 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨｮ 090609ｨｰ0607ｨｪｨｨ07, 070603ｨ 05ｨｮｨｦ09ｨｰｨ, 070604090605ｨｹｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨ ｨｬ 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 ｨｪ0609ｨｮ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ. 67

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 09 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 09 fgrep, grep ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 0906ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904040609 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 grep -E: egrep. egrep ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0402 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ0609, 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050707 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨ 06050202 ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080002ｨｦ09 010507 ｰgrep ｯｨ ｨｪｨｹ07 ｱ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ. 000106ｨ ｨ 0906ｨｺ ｨｺ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0706ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｨ 09 08ｨ 0401020502 04ｨ 0401. 7.3 0708ｨｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ0609 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨｨ, 0906ｨｰ 02ｨｴ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0401 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0401 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ: 6ｦ1 [:alnum:], [:alpha:] ｨｨ [:digit:] ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ04 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ05ｨ 09090609 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ01 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 ｨｨ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06: 090902 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0904 07050609 090902 02ｨｨ000804, 090902 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0904 (09020801ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ0804) ｨｨ 090902 02ｨｨ000804. 07 ｨｪｨｨ01 0209ｨｰｨｹ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ0602 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906-06ｨｪｨｨ 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ 09 0902ｨ 07 ｨｬ020301ｨｮｨｪｨ 080601ｨｪ0402 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 ｨｨ ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ0409ｨ 06ｨｰ 080200ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0402 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｦｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 6ｦ1 [:print:] 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 090902 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 090409020102ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪ. 6ｦ1 [:lower:] ｨｨ [:upper:] 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050706ｨｰ 090902 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0904 09020801ｨｪ020006 ｨｨ ｨｪｨｨ03ｨｪ020006 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ080609 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ060006 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨｪ0401 ｨｺ05ｨ 09090609 ｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09egrep(1). 03020802 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 09040302 ｨｺ05ｨ 090904 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ. 0306090502 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0401 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ 090502010609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 070609ｨｰ06080706ｨｴｨｨ010907 06070208ｨ ｨｰ06080609:? 03080201030209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ0206ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ, ｨｰ.02. 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ｨ 06050202 0601ｨｪ060006. * 03080201030209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 06050202 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. + 03080201030209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 06050202 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. {n} 03080201030209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 080609ｨｪ06 n 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. {n,} {n,m} 03080201030209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ n ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨ 06050202 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. 03080201030209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬ n 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ, ｨｪ06 ｨｪ02 ｨ 06050202 m 08ｨ 04. 030905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0602 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 09 ｨｺ09ｨ 0108ｨ ｨｰｨｪ0402 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ, 0706040302 0904 09ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09060909ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｨ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 [:alpha:]+. 02ｨｪ06 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 0905060906. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 06070802010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0109ｨ 030104 070609ｨｰ06080706ｨｴｨｨ020907 09050609ｨ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 09 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 070609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 09 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｹ06 1, 020905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06 07020809ｨ 07 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ. 07 09ｨ 09 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0106 9 ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ01 ｰ04ｨ 07ｨｨ0902ｨｦ ｱ. $ echo -e "abc def nabc abc def nabc1 abc1 nabcdef nabcdabcd nabcdef abcef" > testfile $ egrep "([[:alpha:]]+) 1" testfile abc abc def $ 05ｨｨｨｬ09060504 [ ｨｨ ] 0709050706ｨｰ0907 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨｺ05ｨ 0909 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609. 0302080904ｨｦ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ [ 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｬ04 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609, 09ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 0008ｨｮ070704, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 04ｨ ｨｺ080409ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ]. 0301ｨｨｨｪ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 0906040908ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｬ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ06ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 0109ｨｮｨｬ 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨｬ ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09, 08ｨ 0401020504ｨｪｨｪ0401 070806ｨ 020506ｨｬ. 01ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺｨ 07 0108ｨｮ00ｨ 07 0008ｨｮ0707ｨ ｨｪ02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ060006 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605, 060708020102050706ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 090106030102ｨｪｨｨ02 010507 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 09050209ｨ 06ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 010507 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 090708ｨ 09ｨ 06ｨｰ 05ｨｰ060006 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 06070208ｨ ｨｰ0608 06ｨ ｨｲ0201ｨｨｨｪ0702ｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｨ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07. 0609070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ07 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 68

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ0202 00ｨ ｨｦ05 testfile, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0706070806ｨ 0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ020907 09050609ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨ02 01ｨｮｨ 05ｨｨ08ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ020907 09050609ｨ 09 ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: $ egrep "([[:alpha:]]+) 1 ([[:alpha:][:digit:]]+) 2" testfile abc abc def abc1 abc1 $ 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 010507 09ｨｰ060806ｨｦ 0008ｨｮ070704, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 2, 09 070806ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06. 0906050202 05000002ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ04ｨｬ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 06ｨｰ010205ｨｹｨｪ06 090407ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ: $ egrep "([[:alnum:]]+) 1" testfile abc abc def abc1 abc1 $ 06, 09 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, 010507 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0607080201040502ｨｪｨｪ0401 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｨ01 ｰ04ｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｱ, 0909ｨｰｨ 09ｨｨ09 0702080201 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ0609ｨｮ06 ﾂ0208ｨｰｨｮ. 0006ｨｰ 05ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504:?, +, {,, (, ) ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ06 0302. 020507 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ01 09 090906ｨｨ01 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ0701 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ:?, +, {,, ( ) ｨｨ. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨ 0502ｨｪｨｹｨｺｨ 07 01ｨｨｨｰ080609ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0706ｨｬ06 ﾂｨｹ ｨｨ04ｨ 0203ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 070609ｨｰ060802ｨｪｨｨ07 09090601ｨｨｨｬ0401 09050609 09 ｰ09ｨ 0302ｨｬ 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ ｱ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ02. 040200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0402 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 0906 09090201 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ 01 01060503ｨｪ04 0906ｨ 050601ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰｨｨ (ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706010603ｨｨ02) 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05ｨ. 0306ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｰｨｨ09 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｨ01 0706ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 0904 0906 ｨｬｨｪ060006ｨｬ 0706ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 0902ｨ 02 0708ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ02 09 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ sed. sed - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 09080201ｨｨ 0909020006 070806 ﾂ020006 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ 07ｨｮｨｰ02ｨｬ 020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 09 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0401 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 0708ｨ 09ｨｨ05. 9.1.4. wc: 03060109 ﾂ02ｨｰ 050502ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ wc (Word Count - 07060109 ﾂ04ｨｰ 09050609) ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 07060109 ﾂ04ｨｰｨ ﾂｨｨ0905ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ, 09050609 ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 06ｨｪｨ 0706050204ｨｪｨ 010507 0904 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｨ07 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 0304 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: wc [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ05(04)] 0507ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 0706050204ｨｪ0401 060702ｨｨｨｦ: 6ｦ1 -l: 0904090601 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ; 6ｦ1 -w: 0904090601 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 09050609; 6ｦ1 -m: 0904090601 06ｨ ｨｴ020006 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609; 6ｦ1 -c: 0904090601 ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ09ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｦｨｰ; 6ｦ1 -L: 0904090601 0105ｨｨｨｪ04 09ｨ ｨｬ06ｨｦ 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ02. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ wc 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ, 09050609 ｨｨ 09ｨｨｨｬ0906050609. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07: 030905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 06070802010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ﾂｨｨ090506 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ 09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 09090209ｨｰｨｨ: $ wc -l /etc/passwd 030905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ ﾂｨｨ090506 CPU 09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, ｨｬ04 07ｨｨ0302ｨｬ: $ grep "model name" /proc/cpuinfo wc -l 00 070802010401ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502 ｨｬ04 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨ05ｨｨ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 06ｨ ｨｮ09070203ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬｨ 01 ｨｪｨ ｨ 01080209ｨ, 07020802 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0502./patterns.txt. 030905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ0605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0906 05ｨｰｨｨ01 090606ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 03 06ｨｰ00ｨｨ05ｨｹｨｰ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ﾂ02080204 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮwc: # fgrep -f./patterns.txt /var/log/mail/info wc -l 69

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 9.1.5. sort: 050608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01ｨｨ0302 0708020109ｨｰｨ 090502ｨｪ 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 010507 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 4 : sort [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ05(04)] 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 06ｨｰ090608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ /etc/passwd. 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ: $ cat /etc/passwd 030905ｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 0706 07060506 login, ｨｬ04 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｬ: $ sort /etc/passwd 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ sort 090608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 0706 0702080906ｨｬｨｮ 07060506 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 09060408ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 (09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 0706 07060506 login). ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨｰ090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 ｨｮｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 060702ｨｨ06 -r: $ sort -r /etc/passwd 020507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ0907 090906ｨｦ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ UID, 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 /etc/passwd. 05050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 090608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 09060408ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 07060506 UID: $ sort /etc/passwd -t":" -k3 -n 05010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 060702ｨｨｨｨ sort: 6ｦ1 -t":": 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ sort ｯｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 08ｨ 04010205ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｬ 07060502ｨｦ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09ｨｨｨｬ090605 ":"; 6ｦ1 -k3: 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ 01060503ｨｪｨ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨ 0706 ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ02ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｰ0605ｨ 02ｨｮ; 6ｦ1 -n: 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ ﾂｨｰ06 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ ﾂｨｨ090506090401 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ0902ｨｪｨｪ0401. 0606 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0602 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ06 09 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 0706080701ｨｺ02: $ sort /etc/passwd -t":" -k3 -n -r 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 sort 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 09ｨ 03ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ: 6ｦ1 -u: 09ｨｰ080600ｨ 07 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨ : ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 06ｨｰ0907 070609ｨｰ06080706ｨｴｨｨ020907 07060507 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ; 6ｦ1 -f: ｨｨ00ｨｪ0608ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ (09ｨｰ0806 ﾂｨｪ0402 09ｨｨｨｬ09060504 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 0302, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ 07080607ｨｨ09ｨｪ0402). 06, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, 020905ｨｨ ｨｬ04 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｬ ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 09 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ UID, ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ: $ sort /etc/passwd -t":" -k3 -n tail -n1 000102 ｨｬ04 090608ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /etc/passwd 09 0706080701ｨｺ02 09060408ｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 09ｨｰ0605ｨ 02ｨｮ UID ｨｨ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09050702ｨｬ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 0706 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｮ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ tail. 02ｨ 050202 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ0907 070208090602 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ. 9.2. find: 0306ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 0706 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬ find - 05ｨｰ06 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 09ｨｰｨ 0802ｨｦ03ｨｨ01 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ UNIX 03. 02ｨｪｨ 07080201ｨｪｨ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨ 010507 0802ｨｺｨｮ0809ｨｨ09ｨｪ060006 09ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0601ｨｪ060006 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 0506000609 ｨｨ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09 ｨｪｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608ｨｮ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ0209. 0308ｨｨ 090902ｨｦ 09090602ｨｦ 0706050204ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0202 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 ｨｪ02 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰ02ｨｪ, ｨｨ 010507 0202 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨ. 02ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: find [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ] [ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｦ1]... [ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｦN] [0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02] 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｨ 0601ｨｪ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ, find ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ02 ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｨ, 05ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰｨｪ06 ｰｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｪ02 ｱ, ｨｰ.02. ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504. 020702ｨｨｨｨ, ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｬｨｪ060006 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ04, ﾂｨｰ06 04010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0706ｨｬ07ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ04 ｨｪｨｨ01. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 060702ｨｨｨｨ: 4. 05010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｰ0202 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ sort. 02ｨ 0202 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰ0701 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020205ｨｮ06 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨｮ. 70

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 6ｦ1 -xdev: ｨｪ02 ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ 01, ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｴｨｨ010907 09 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090401 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 01. 6ｦ1 -mindepth <n>: 0907ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｬ ｨｪｨ n ｨｮ080609ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｪｨｨ0302 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ. 6ｦ1 -maxdepth <n>: ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｪ02 ｨｪｨｨ0302 n ｨｮ080609ｨｪ02ｨｦ 06ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ. 6ｦ1 -follow: 090502010609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬ, 020905ｨｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 09090405ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 find ｨｪ02 07020802010601ｨｨｨｰ 0706 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬ. 6ｦ1 -daystart: 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 07080609020806ｨｺ, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 0906 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ (09ｨｬ. ｨｪｨｨ0302), 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 (24 ﾂｨ 09ｨ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 06ｨｰ ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ) 04ｨ ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｺｨｮ 06ｨｰ09 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 0708ｨｨｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 0506 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 01ｨｪ07. 0808ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨ 08ｨｪ0401 07080609020806ｨｺ. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0706050204ｨｪ0402 070806090208ｨｺｨｨ: 6ｦ1 -type <ｨｰｨｨ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ >: 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ. <06ｨｨ0706ｨｬ_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ > ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ: f (06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ04ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05), d (ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600), l (09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨ 07 09090405ｨｺｨ ), s (0906ｨｺ02ｨｰ), b (00ｨ ｨｦ05 ｨ 0506 ﾂｨｪ060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ), c (00ｨ ｨｦ05 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ060006 ｨｰｨｨ07ｨ ) ｨｨ05ｨｨ p (ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05). 6ｦ1 -name <03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ>: 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ﾂｨｹｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪｨｮ. 00 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 060702ｨｨｨｨ 070601 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ06ｨｬ 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 07060109ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 (09ｨｬ. 08ｨ 04010205 04ｨ 0401. 7.3). 6ｦ1 -iname <03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ>: 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ -name, ｨｪ06 ｨ 0204 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ. 6ｦ1 -atime <n>, -amin <n>: 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨ 0405 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ06 n 01ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 (-atime) ｨｨ05ｨｨ n ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 (-amin). 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 060702ｨｨ06 +<n> ｨｨ05ｨｨ -<n>, 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨ 040506 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ0302, ﾂ02ｨｬ n 01ｨｪ02ｨｦ/ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰ ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01. 6ｦ1 -anewer <00ｨ ｨｦ05>: 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ ｨ 040506 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪ06 0706040302, ﾂ02ｨｬ ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨｮ. 6ｦ1 -ctime <n>, -cmin <n>, -cnewer <00ｨ ｨｦ05>: 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ -atime, -amin ｨｨ -anewer, ｨｪ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｬ06 ｨｺ 01ｨ ｨｰ02 070609050201ｨｪ020006 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 6ｦ1 -regex <03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ>: 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ -name, ｨｪ06 070601 03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ06ｨｬ 07060108ｨ 04ｨｮｨｬ0209ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ0602 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02. 6ｦ1 -iregex <03ｨ ｨ 0506ｨｪ>: 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ -regex, ｨｪ06 ｨ 0204 ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｰｨ 080200ｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｬｨｪ060006 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 07080609020806ｨｺ. 020507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ find(1). 030806090208ｨｺｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｪｨｨｨｬ ｨｨ04 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ01 0907060906ｨ 0609: 6ｦ1 <c1> -a <c2>: ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨ, 020905ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨｪ04 06ｨ ｨ 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 c1 ｨｨ c2; 060702ｨｨ07 -a 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ020709ｨｪ06ｨｦ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 070806090208ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090902 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 c1, c2 ｨｨ c3, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ <c1> <c2> <c3>. 6ｦ1 <c1> -o <c2>: ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨ, 020905ｨｨ ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨｪ06 0506ｨ 0602 ｨｨ04 090408ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ c1 ｨｨ05ｨｨ c2. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 060702ｨｨ07 -o ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨ 06050202 ｨｪｨｨ04ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ, ﾂ02ｨｬ -a, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｮ0106090502ｨｰ0906080706ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ06 c1 ｨｨ05ｨｨc2 ｨｨ ｨｮ0106090502ｨｰ0906080706ｨｴｨｨ02 ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ06 c3, 09ｨ ｨｬ 0706ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ 09090209ｨｰｨｨ ( <c1> -o <c2> ) -a <c3>. 0004 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ (010204ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ) ｨｺ08ｨｮ00050402 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｨｨｪｨ ﾂ02 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 shell ｯ06ｨｬ! 6ｦ1 -not <c1>: ｨｨｨｪ090208ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 070806090208ｨｺｨｮ c1, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ -not <c1> ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｪ06ｨｦ, 020905ｨｨ <c1> - 050603ｨｹ. 06, 09 04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 0006ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ0402: 6ｦ1 -print: 07080609ｨｰ06 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601. 06ｨｰ06 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. 6ｦ1 -ls: 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104ls -ilds. 6ｦ1 -exec <ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨ 07_09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ >: 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪｨｪ060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ<ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨｮ06_09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ>. <0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪｨ 07_09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ > 01060503ｨｪｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09ｨｨｨｬ09060506ｨｬ ;, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 shell 020006 ｨｪ02 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ 05. 030605060302ｨｪｨｨ02 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 06ｨｰｨｬ02 ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ {}. 05ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804 0706 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06. 6ｦ1 -ok <ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ >: 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ -exec, ｨｪ06 090708ｨ 03ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 070601ｨｰ090208030102ｨｪｨｨ02 0702080201 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ. 01ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0406ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0906 090902ｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609. 01ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ 09 /usr/share. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02: find /usr/share -type d 030802010706050603ｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ HTTP-090208090208, 090902 09ｨ 03ｨｨ HTML-00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｪｨ 01060107ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 /var/www/html, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬ 0904 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0209ｨｹ. 00ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ0602 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｪ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07050609ｨｹ 09 ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ02090702ｨ. 030609ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 05ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0204 07ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0402 ｨ 09ｨｰ060804, ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ02 71

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ html, ｨ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 - htm. 00ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09090405ｨｺｨｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /var/www/obsolete. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202 5 : find ( -name "*.htm" -o -name "*.html" ) -a -ctime -30 -exec ln {} /var/www/obsolete ; 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09050603ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰ ｨｨ ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨ 0605ｨｹ03060006 07060709ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07. 0808ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨｨｦ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ: ( -name "*.htm" -o -name "*.html" ) -a -ctime -30 06ｨｪ 010205ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 - ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ.htm ｨｨ05ｨｨ.html ｰ ( -name "*.htm" -o -name "*.html" ) ｱ, ｨｨ (-a) ｨｰ02 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 070806ｨｰ070302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 070609050201ｨｪｨｨ01 30 01ｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｨ05ｨｨ, 0008ｨｮｨ 06 000609060807, ｨｬ02090702ｨ (-ctime -30). 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ: 04010209ｨｹ 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ04 0706ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 060702ｨｨ07 -a ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ ｨ 06050202 09040906ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ. 030905ｨｨ ｨ 04 06ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ090609ｨ 05ｨｨ, ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨ 04 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｪ04 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ020907 ｨｪｨ.htm, 07050609 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ020907 ｨｪｨ.html, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｪ02 ｨ 0405ｨｨ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪ04 09 ｨｰ02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ02090702ｨ, ｨ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺ08ｨｮ00050402 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ 04ｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 010507 shell ｯｨ : 020905ｨｨ ｨ 04 ｨｬ04 09090205ｨｨ (.. ) 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 (.. ), ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ 05 ｨ 04 ｨｨ01 ｨｨ 07060704ｨｰｨ 050907 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ -name "*.htm" -o -name "*.html" 09 sub-shell ｯe... 0208ｨｮ000602 08020302ｨｪｨｨ02-04ｨ ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ08ｨｮ00050402 09ｨｺ06ｨ ｨｺｨｨ 09 010906ｨｦｨｪ0402 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪｨ 08ｨｪ0402 ｨｺｨ 0904 ﾂｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪ06 04010209ｨｹ 070802010706 ﾂｨｰｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ02ｨｦ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ0609ｨｮ06 ﾂ0208ｨｰｨｮ, ｨｰ.ｨｺ. ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｨ040605ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605. 06, ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｪ0202, 0906ｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨ 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ : -exec ln {} /var/www/obsolete ; 05010209ｨｹ 0904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 01060503ｨｪ04 04ｨ 05ｨｺ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ;. 00 070806ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ04ｨｦ 070806020209090608 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ0208070802ｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮ02ｨｰ 020006 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 08ｨ 04010205ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01. 030905ｨｨ 0904 04ｨ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ02 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06, find 070603ｨ 05ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｮ -exec 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ. 030609050201ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208: ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0209ｨｰｨｹ 06000806ｨｬｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 (/shared/images), 090601020803ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 09090201 09ｨｨ010609. 0004 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ touch 010507 06ｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｨ07 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｬ02ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｮ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ stamp, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ090704ｨｺｨｮ ｨｺ06 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ. 00ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 090902 ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 JPEG ｨ 06050202 ｨｪ06090402, ﾂ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 stamp, ｨｪ06 070609ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｮ 0904 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ04 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 ｨｨ09ｨｰ06 ﾂｨｪｨｨｨｺ0609, 05ｨｰｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 08ｨ 0903ｨｨ0802ｨｪｨｨ07 jpg, jpeg, JPG ｨｨ05ｨｨ JPEG. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨ 0203ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 old. 06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0405 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪ ｨｺ 09ｨ ｨｬ 0706 0706 ﾂｨｰ02, ｨ 09ｨ 0302 ｨｨｨｬ07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 - peter: find /shared/images -cnewer /shared/images/stamp -a -iregex ".*.jpe?g" -a -not -regex ".*/old/.*" mail peter -s "0106090402 ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07" 0806ｨｪ02 ﾂｨｪ06, 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｪ02 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ 0706050204ｨｪｨ, 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 08ｨ 04 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0202, ｨｨ 0904 ｨ 04 070802010706 ﾂ05ｨｨ, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 06ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ07050609ｨｹ 080200ｨｮ050708ｨｪ06. 03080609ｨｰ04ｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ 070208ｨｨ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺ060006 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪｨ cron, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 09 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ02ｨｬ 08ｨ 0401020502. 9.3. 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 0706 08ｨ 0907ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 9.3.1. crontab: 0709020106ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 03020006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ crontab crontab 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 070208ｨｨ0601ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ﾂ02080204 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ0402 070806ｨｬ0203ｨｮｨｰｨｺｨｨ 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｬ 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｮ. crontab 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹｨｬ06 09 06ｨｰ ﾂ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ 06 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 0504 09 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰｨ 01, ﾂｨ 09ｨ 01, 01ｨｪ0701 ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 ｨｬ02090702ｨ 01. 00 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 060702ｨｨｨｦ, crontab ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706-08ｨ 04ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ: 6ｦ1 -l: 0904090601 09ｨ 03020006 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ crontab; 6ｦ1 -e: 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 03020006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ crontab; 6ｦ1 -r: ｨｮ01ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｨ02 09ｨ 03020006 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ020006 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ crontab; 5. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨｨ /var/www ｨｨ /var/www/obsolete ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨ05ｨｨ09ｨｹ 09 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02! 72

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 6ｦ1 -u <070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ>: 0708ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨ04 07020802 ﾂｨｨ090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 09040302 060702ｨｨｨｦ 010507 <070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507>. 06ｨｰ06 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 root. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｪ02ｨｬ 09 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 crontab ｯｨ. 030905ｨｨ 0904 0909020102ｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ crontab -e, 0702080201 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 06ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ0907 09ｨ 03 0506ｨ ｨｨｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰ060904ｨｦ 080201ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0608, 020905ｨｨ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨ 07020802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪｨ 07 06ｨｺ08ｨｮ0302ｨｪｨｨ07 EDITOR ｨｨ05ｨｨ VISUAL, 09 070806ｨｰｨｨ09ｨｪ06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ Vi. 05ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ0502 crontab 090609ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ04 030209ｨｰｨｨ 07060502ｨｦ. 030208090402 0707ｨｰｨｹ 07060502ｨｦ - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 0504 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 09 ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰｨ 01, ﾂｨ 09ｨ 01, 01ｨｪ0701 ｨｬ02090702ｨ, ｨｬ02090702ｨ 01 ｨｨ 01ｨｪ0701 ｨｪ02010205ｨｨ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06. 010209ｨｰ0602 07060502-05ｨｰ06 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬｨ 07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ. 05ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ, ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ020907 09 # - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 08ｨｨｨｨ, 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 070806ｨｨ00ｨｪ0608ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ04 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪ06ｨｬ crond (0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ06ｨｦ, 06ｨｰ0902 ﾂｨ 06ｨｴ02ｨｦ 04ｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｨ04 crontab). 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ0907 010507 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 crontab ｯｨ (00ｨ ｨｦ05 /etc/crontab). 00 ｨｪ02ｨｬ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 030209ｨｰ060006 07060507 090409ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080602 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ06 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｨ04 090201ｨｹｨｬ060006 07060507. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ ｨ 01ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｨ09ｨｰ08ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨ 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 010507 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨ 02040607ｨ 09ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04 (ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨ02 ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 0102ｨｬ06ｨｪｨ ｨ ｨｪｨｰｨｨ09ｨｨ08ｨｮ09ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ 010507 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 090208090208ｨ ｨ ｨ 04 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401). 0006ｨｰ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ crontab: 020507 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｪｨ 0702 ﾂｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 ｨｮ0106ｨ 06 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬ 0308ｨｨ00ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ｨｬ04 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 08ｨ 04060809ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ0402 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｮ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｺｨｨ ｨｺ0601ｨ 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪ04 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ06ｨｦ. 08060001ｨ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 04ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬ, 05ｨｰ06 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨ ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 0708060106050302ｨｪｨｨ02. 06ｨｰ06 09060005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 0102ｨｦ09ｨｰ09ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 01 Makefile, 09 shell ｯ02, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 ｨｺ06ｨｪｨｰ02ｨｺ09ｨｰｨ 01. # 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706 ﾂｨｰｨｮ, 07080609ｨｰ06 # 04ｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨｨ08ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ #MAILTO="09ｨ 03_050502ｨｺｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ_ｨ 01080209" # # 0709020106ｨｬ0502ｨｪｨｨ02 06 ｨｪ06090401 ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ0701 ｨｺｨ 03010402 2 01ｨｪ07 09 14:00, # ｨｨ04 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208ｨ 09040302-0706090502 ﾂ020006, 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 "retouch" # 010507 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ "stamp". 05ｨｪｨ ｨｺ "%" 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ # ｨｪ0609ｨｮ06 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｮ, 05ｨｰ06 0706040906050702ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01 # 09 0601ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 0 14 */2 * * find /shared/images -cnewer /shared/images/stamp -a -iregex ".*.jpe?g" -a -not -regex ".*/old/.*"%touch /shared/images/stamp # # 000609070806ｨｨ0409020102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｬ02050601ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｺｨ 03010602 040603010209ｨｰ0906 :) 0 0 25 12 * mpg123 $HOME/sounds/merryxmas.mp3 # # 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0608ｨｪｨｨｨｺ 09 17:00 0904090601 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 0706ｨｺｨｮ0706ｨｺ... 0 17 * * 2 lpr $HOME/shopping-list.txt 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0907060906ｨ 0609 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 050609, ｨｺ0806ｨｬ02 ｨｰ0201, ﾂｨｰ06 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020802. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608 01ｨｨ09ｨｺ0802ｨｰｨｪ0401 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 08ｨ 0401020502ｨｪｨｪ0401 04ｨ 0707ｨｰ04ｨｬｨｨ (1,14,23) ｨｨ05ｨｨ 01ｨｨｨ 07ｨ 0406ｨｪ (1-15), ｨｨ05ｨｨ 01ｨ 0302 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｨｨｪｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 (1-10,12-20), ｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 ｨｨ 09 ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｬ 03ｨ 0006ｨｬ (1-12,20-27/2). 0602070208ｨｹ 09ｨ 0302ｨｦ 04ｨ 01ｨ ﾂ02ｨｦ ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨｦｨｰｨｨ 0706050204ｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 09 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 00ｨ ｨｦ05! 9.3.2. at: 0004070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 0706 08ｨ 0907ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06, ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ 08ｨ 04 000604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, 0904 0106ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨ 04 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｺｨｮ06-ｨｪｨｨｨ ｨｮ01ｨｹ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ 09 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 0102ｨｪｨｹ, ｨｪ06 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0601ｨｨｨｪ 08ｨ 04. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 0706ｨｬｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0902ｨ 02 06 0902000601ｨｪ0703ｨｪ02ｨｦ 0909ｨｰ0802 ﾂ02 09 18:00. 0004 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02 09 X, ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪ 07ｨ ｨｺ02ｨｰ X11R6-contrib ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨ 04 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 0706ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, 09ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｬ, 09 17:30 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 070608ｨ 0904010601ｨｨｨｰｨｹ. 06060001ｨ at - 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06: $ at 17:30 # 0602070208ｨｹ 0702080201 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨ0005ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ02 "at" at> xmessage "030608ｨ ｨｨ01ｨｰｨｨ! 0009ｨｰ0802 ﾂｨ 09 18:00" # 01ｨ 03ｨｬｨｨｨｰ02 CTRL-d 010507 0904010601ｨ at> <EOT> job 1 at 2005-02-23 17:30 $ 07ｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 090802ｨｬ07 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 08ｨ 04ｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0907060906ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: 73

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 6ｦ1 now +<ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 05>: 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ 0902ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 + ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 05 (0102 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｪ. 02ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｨ02 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 05ｨ 0604ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ02ｨｬ02010502ｨｪｨｪ0602 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02). 05ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 010507 ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020809ｨ 05ｨ : <n>(minutes hours days weeks months). 05010209ｨｹ minutes - ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨｮｨｰ04, hours - ﾂｨ 0904, days - 01ｨｪｨｨ, weeks - ｨｪ02010205ｨｨ ｨｨ months - ｨｬ0209070204. 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ now + 1 hour ( ﾂ02080204 0601ｨｨｨｪ ﾂｨ 09), now + 3 days ( ﾂ02080204 ｨｰ080602 09ｨｮｨｰ06ｨｺ) ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 01ｨ 050202. 6ｦ1 <time> <day>: 070605ｨｪ0602 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 01ｨ ｨｰ04. 020702ｨｨ07 <time> (090802ｨｬ07) 0709050702ｨｰ0907 06ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ. 0302 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ 010507 at 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 090906ｨ 0601ｨｪ04ｨｦ: 0904, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09090209ｨｰｨｨ 0100, 04:20, 2am, 0530pm, 1800 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0601ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04 ｨｰ080201 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｦ: noon (0706050102ｨｪｨｹ), teatime (090802ｨｬ07 0902 ﾂ0208ｨｪ020006 ﾂｨ 07 09 16:00) ｨｨ05ｨｨ midnight (070605ｨｪ06 ﾂｨｹ). 020702ｨｨ07 <day> (0102ｨｪｨｹ) 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ0206ｨ 0704ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0202 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0907060906ｨ ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 12/20/2004, ﾂｨｰ06 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 0109ｨ 0102ｨ ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0102ｨｺｨ ｨ 0807 2004 000601ｨ, ｨｨ05ｨｨ, 0706 020908060702ｨｦ09ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｮ, 20.12.2004. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 000601, ｨｪ06 ｨｰ060001ｨ 010607ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 020908060702ｨｦ09ｨｺｨ 07 000608ｨｬｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｨ: 20.12. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｬ02090702 ｨ ｨｮｨｺ09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ: ｨｨ Dec 20, ｨｨ 20 Dec ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 090208ｨｪ04. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 at 010607ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0606ｨ 08ｨ 04ｨｪ0401 060702ｨｨｨｦ: 6ｦ1 -l: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 09ｨｰ0607ｨｴｨｨ01 09 06 ﾂ02080201ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0904070605ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02. 030208090602 07060502 0708020109ｨｰｨ 09050702ｨｰ 0906ｨ 06ｨｦ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07. 06ｨｰ06 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 atq. 6ｦ1 -d <n>: ｨｮ01ｨ 050702ｨｰ ｨｨ04 06 ﾂ02080201ｨｨ 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 070601 ｨｪ06ｨｬ020806ｨｬ <n>. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 atq. 06ｨｰ06 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 atrm <n>. 08ｨ ｨｺ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06, 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ 09ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｮ 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ 010507 at(1). 9.4. 080801ｨｨ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 9.4.1. tar: 080801ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰ0608 010507 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ0607ｨｨｨｰ020502ｨｦ ｨｪｨ ｨｬｨ 00ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 0502ｨｪｨｰ02 (Tape ARchiver) tar, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ find, - 05ｨｰ06 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｨ04 09ｨｰｨ 0802ｨｦ03ｨｨ01 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ UNIX 03, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0202 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 09070202ｨｨ00ｨｨ ﾂ02ｨｪ. 0006ｨｰ 06ｨｪ: tar [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ0504...] 0006ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨｪ02ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 060702ｨｨｨｦ. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 090902 06ｨｪｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰｨｪｨｮ06 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪｨｮ06 04ｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨｹ, ｨｪ06 09ｨ ｨｬ 0706ｨｪｨ 0106ｨ ｨｨｨｰ0907 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ tar(1), ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 04010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ01 07020802 ﾂｨｨ090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｬ. 0602070208ｨｹ 09 tar ｨｪ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｰｨｨ0802 (-) 0702080201 ｨｺ060806ｨｰｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ 060702ｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ, 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 0706090502 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ 060702ｨｨｨｨ. 6ｦ1 c: ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 09060401ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ06090401 ｨ 0801ｨｨ090609. 6ｦ1 x: ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｨ04090502 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ04 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ. 6ｦ1 t: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴ020006 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ. 6ｦ1 v: 0706010806ｨ ｨｪ04ｨｦ 080203ｨｨｨｬ. 0004090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 0106ｨ ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｨ04090502 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｨ04 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ, ｨｨ05ｨｨ, 09 0906 ﾂ02ｨｰｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 09 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ t (09ｨｬ. 09040302), 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 09 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｨｺ060806ｨｰｨｺ060006. 6ｦ1 f <ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ >: 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｨ04090502ｨｺｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ04 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｨｨｬ07_00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ. 030905ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ08 06ｨｰ09ｨｮｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ, 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ /dev/rmt0, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 0709050702ｨｰ0907 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ0506ｨｬ, 09090704ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 0906 09ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ020806ｨｬ. 030905ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 - (ｨｰｨｨ0802), 09090601 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904090601 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 (09 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 06ｨｰ ｨｰ060006, 09060401ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ04090502 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ04 ｨｪ020006) ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨ 09090602ｨｨｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪ 0906 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ 0909060106ｨｬ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｬ 090409060106ｨｬ. 6ｦ1 z: 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｰ tar ｯｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 09060401ｨ 09ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0903ｨ ｨｰ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ gzip, ｨｨ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09, ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｰ0907 ｨｨ04090502 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02, ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ gzip ｯ06ｨｬ. 6ｦ1 j: 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰ z, ｨｪ06 010507 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ bzip2. 6ｦ1 p: 0708ｨｨ ｨｨ04090502 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ04 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ 09060108ｨ ｨｪ0702ｨｰ 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0506090402 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04, 09ｨｺ0506 ﾂｨ 07 0905ｨ 010205ｨｹ02ｨ, 090802ｨｬ07 070609050201ｨｪ020006 010609ｨｰｨｮ07ｨ ｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ 01ｨ 050202. 02 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｹ 0706050204ｨｪｨ 010507 01ｨ ｨｬ070609 00ｨ ｨｦ05060906ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04. 74

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 6ｦ1 r: 0106ｨ ｨ 09050702ｨｰ 09 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｦ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02. 02ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 09ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨ ｨｪｨｨ02, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09, ｨｺ ｨｺ06ｨｰ060806ｨｬｨｮ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0106ｨ ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 0106050302ｨｪ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ! 6ｦ1 A: 0106ｨ ｨ 09050702ｨｰ ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 09 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺ02 ｨ 0801ｨｨ0904 09 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09, 0607080201020502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ f. 0306 ｨ ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨｨｨ 09 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ r, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 05ｨｰ06 0908ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 0506, ｨ 0801ｨｨ0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ02 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 02ｨｴ02 090205ｨｨｨｺ0602 ｨｬｨｪ06030209ｨｰ0906 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 060702ｨｨｨｦ, 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 010507 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 070605ｨｪ060006 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ tar(1). 0004000507ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02, ｨｪｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｪｨ 060702ｨｨ06 d. 02ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 0906 090902ｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600ｨ /shared/images, ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 bzip2 ｯ06ｨｬ, ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ images.tar.bz2 ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 090906ｨｦ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 /home. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｪｨ ｨ 0208ｨｨｨｰ02 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: # # 0308ｨｨｨｬ02 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ02: 0904 01060503ｨｪ04 ｨｪｨ 010601ｨｨｨｰ0907 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002, # 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 04ｨ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ! # $ cd /shared $ tar cjf /images.tar.bz2 images/ 08ｨ ｨｺ 09ｨｨ01ｨｨｨｰ02, 04010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 05ｨｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ 060702ｨｨｨｨ: c 090606ｨ ｨｴｨｨ05ｨ tar ｯｨｮ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09060401ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09, j ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ 05ｨ 020006 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ bzip2, ｨ f /images.tar.bz2 09060401ｨ 05ｨ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 09 ｨｪｨ 0302ｨｬ 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 09 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｬ images.tar.bz2. 0602070208ｨｹ ｨｮ ｨｪｨ 09 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 090604ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨｪｨｮｨｰｨｹ 030205ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 070806090208ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0202050609ｨｰｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｬ04 ｨｬ060302ｨｬ 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 020006 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: # # 0006040908ｨ ｨｴｨ 02ｨｬ0907 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 09 ｨｪｨ 03 0106ｨｬｨ 03ｨｪｨｨｨｦ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 # $ cd $ tar tjvf images.tar.bz2 05010209ｨｹ ｨｬ04 090606ｨ ｨｴｨｨ05ｨｨ tar ｯｨｮ 0904090209ｨｰｨｨ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ (t) 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ images.tar.bz2 (f images.tar.bz2), ｨｨ 07080201ｨｮ07080201ｨｨ05ｨｨ 020006 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 ｨ 0405 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ bzip2 (j), ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 06 ｨｰ06ｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨ ｨｬ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ02080209ｨｪ06 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09 0105ｨｨｨｪｨｪ06ｨｬ 000608ｨｬｨ ｨｰ02 (v). 0602070208ｨｹ, 070802010706050603ｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 ｨｮ01ｨ 05ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 09 ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 08 09 ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 0609ｨｰｨ 050907 ｨｪ02ｨｰ0806ｨｪｨｮｨｰ04ｨｦ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09, ｨｨ ｨｰ02070208ｨｹ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 09 ｨｨ09010601ｨｪ0602 ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06070605060302ｨｪｨｨ02 09 /shared. 0106 ｨｰ.ｨｺ. 0904 ｨｪ02 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 08ｨｮ03ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 find 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｨ09ｨｺ02 ｨｪ06090401 ｨｨ0406ｨ 08ｨ 0302ｨｪｨｨｨｦ, 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 09060108ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090902 ｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨｨ ｨｮｨｰ04 00ｨ ｨｦ050609: # # 07020802010601 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600, 09 ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 0904070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｮ # $ cd /shared $ tar jxpf /images.tar.bz2 0006ｨｰ ｨｨ 090902! 0602070208ｨｹ 01ｨ 09ｨ ｨｦｨｰ02 070802010706050603ｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｨ04090502 ﾂｨｹ ｨｨ04 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 050600 images/cars. 06060001ｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴ0202: $ tar jxf /images.tar.bz2 images/cars 030905ｨｨ 0904 07060704ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ0209ｨｹ 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 080204020809ｨｪｨｮ06 ｨｺ0607ｨｨ06 09070202ｨｨｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ tar 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰ ｨｨ01 09 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 ｰｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｱ, ｨｪ02 0904070605ｨｪ0707 01ｨ ｨｬ07ｨ ｨｨ01 090601020803ｨｨｨｬ060006. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090706ｨｺ06ｨｦｨｪ06 0706ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09 00ｨ ｨｦ05 /dev/mem. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 tar ｨｺ06080802ｨｺｨｰｨｪ06 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｨ 0906 09090405ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 090605ｨｪｨｮｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｪｨ 09 ﾂ04ｨｰ 05ｨｰ060006. 0306 0706090601ｨｮ 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｨ ﾂ0209ｨｺｨｨ01 0909040506ｨｺ 0904000507ｨｪｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｪｨ 060702ｨｨ06 h 09 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ. 9.4.2. bzip2 ｨｨ gzip: 0308060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 0004 ｨｮ0302 0006090608ｨｨ05ｨｨ 06ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 0109ｨｮ01 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ 01, ｨｺ060001ｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ 05ｨｨ tar. 00 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨｨｨｨ 06ｨｰ WinZip 03 010507 Windows 03, ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ02 0609ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09050702ｨｰ0907 0109ｨｮｨｬ07 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ: tar 010507 ｨ 0801ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｨ 010902 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 010507 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 bzip2 ｨｨ gzip, 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 ｨｬ04 0902ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09 ｨｨ 04ｨ ｨｦｨｬ02ｨｬ0907. 0004 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401, ｨｰｨ ｨｺｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ zip, arj ｨｨ05ｨｨ rar, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 09ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｰ 010507 GNU/Linux (ｨｪ06 090209ｨｹｨｬｨ 080201ｨｺ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907). 020507 ｨｪｨ ﾂｨ 05ｨ 09050201ｨｮ02ｨｰ 06ｨｰｨｬ02ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ, ﾂｨｰ06 bzip2 ｨ 0405 ｨｪｨ 07ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｪ 010507 04ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｪ04 gzip. 030006 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｹ 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 06ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ06 000608ｨ 040106 09040302, ｨｪ06 09 0108ｨｮ0006ｨｦ 09ｨｰ060806ｨｪ04 010507 020006 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 080209ｨｮ08090609. 010209ｨｬ06ｨｰ0807 ｨｪｨ 05ｨｰ06, gzip 090904 02ｨｴ04 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 090609ｨｬ0209ｨｰｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 0906 09ｨｰｨ 0804ｨｬｨｨ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ ｨｬｨｨ. 75

130105ｨ 09ｨ 9. 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｪ06ｨｦ 09ｨｰ0806ｨｺｨｨ 02ｨ 02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ 0706010603ｨｨｨｦ 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: gzip [060702ｨｨｨｨ] [00ｨ ｨｦ05(04)] 030905ｨｨ ｨｪ02 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｨｨｬ07 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ, ｨｨ gzip, ｨｨ bzip2 ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 0603ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 0906 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ060006 09090601ｨ ｨｨ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601. 030605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ 02 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 09 ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 01. 02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨｨｬ0206ｨｰ ｨｪｨ ｨ 0608 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨ01 060702ｨｨｨｦ: 6ｦ1-1,..., -9: ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｨ 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07. ﾁ02ｨｬ ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ﾂｨｨ090506, ｨｰ02ｨｬ 09040302 09ｨｰ020702ｨｪｨｹ 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07 ｨｨ ｨｬ02010502ｨｪｨｪ0202 07080602020909 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ. 6ｦ1 -d: 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609. 06ｨｰ06 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ gunzip ｨｨ05ｨｨ bunzip2. 6ｦ1 -c: 09ｨ 080609 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ0609 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ/08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ 00ｨ ｨｦ050609, ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401 09 09ｨｨ0102 07ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬ02ｨｰ080609. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ gzip, ｨｨ bzip2 ｨｮ01ｨ 050706ｨｰ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 (ｨｨ05ｨｨ 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402) 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, 020905ｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0904 ｨｪ02 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ02 060702ｨｨ06 -c. 00 bzip2 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨ 0203ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ060006, 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 0903ｨｨ09ｨｹ 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -k. 00 gzip 05ｨｺ09ｨｨ09ｨ 0502ｨｪｨｰｨｪ06ｨｦ 060702ｨｨｨｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ. 0602070208ｨｹ 0708ｨｨ09020102ｨｬ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0708ｨｨｨｬ02080609. 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ, 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09 ｨｰ02ｨｺｨｮｨｴ02ｨｬ ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨ 05060002 090902 00ｨ ｨｦ0504, ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 04ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｪ ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 06ｨｰ0907 ｨｪｨ.txt, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ07 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨｮ bzip2 09 ｨｬｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｺ06050000ｨｨ02ｨｨ02ｨｪｨｰ06ｨｬ 0903ｨ ｨｰｨｨ07. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ: $ bzip2-9 *.txt 0602070208ｨｹ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 01ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0706070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨｮ-ｨｰ06 090906ｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｺｨ 08ｨｰｨｨｨｪｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｪ06 ｨｮ 05ｨｰ060006 ﾂ0205060902ｨｺｨ ｨｪ02ｨｰ bzip2, ｨ 0209ｨｰｨｹ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 gzip. 00ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｰ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0609ｨｰｨｨ 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ06090409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ 09ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ06090409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07080609ｨｰ06 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 020006 ｨｪｨ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 0904090601, 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ, 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ 0903ｨｨ09ｨｹ ｨｺｨ ｨｪｨ 0506ｨｬ, ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 08ｨｰｨｪ04ｨｦ 09090601 ｨｨ 07020802ｨｪｨ 0708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 080204ｨｮ05ｨｹｨｰｨ ｨｰ 09 ｨｪ060904ｨｦ ｨ 0801ｨｨ09: 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ: bzip2 -dc images.tar.bz2 gzip -9 >images.tar.gz 0004 ｨｬ060005ｨｨ 09040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ bzcat 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 bzip2 -dc. 06ｨｰ06 ｨ ｨｪｨ 050600 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬ04 gzip, ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 06ｨｪｨ zcat, ｨ ｨｪ02 gzcat. 06ｨ ｨｺ0302 09 09ｨ 0302ｨｬ 08ｨ 09070608070302ｨｪｨｨｨｨ bzless 010507 bzip2-00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨｨ zless 010507 gzip, 020905ｨｨ 0904 0106ｨｰｨｨｨｰ02 07080609ｨｬｨ ｨｰ08ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｮ07ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0402 00ｨ ｨｦ0504 ｨｪ0207060908020109ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ06, ｨ 0204 0708020109ｨ 08ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ. 00 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨｮ0708ｨ 03ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪｨ ｨｦ01ｨｨｨｰ02 ｨｨ 0706070806ｨ ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104, ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ0402 010507 07080609ｨｬ06ｨｰ08ｨ 0903ｨ ｨｰ0401 00ｨ ｨｦ050609 ｨ 0204 ｨｨ01 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ0609ｨｺｨｨ ｨｨ ｨ 0204 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ bzless ｨｨ05ｨｨ zless. 9.5. 090605ｨｹ0302, 000608ｨ 040106 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302... 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｺｨｪｨｨ00ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608ｨ 07 ｨ 04 060109ｨ ｨｰ0409ｨ 05ｨ ｨｨ01 090902, ｨ 0405ｨ ｨ 04 08ｨ 04ｨｬ020806ｨｬ 09 090605ｨｨ01ｨｪｨｮ06 05ｨｪ02ｨｨｨｺ0506070201ｨｨ06. 06ｨｰｨ 0005ｨ 09ｨ ｨｪ02 060109ｨ ｨｰｨｨ05ｨ 01ｨ 0302 01020907ｨｰ06ｨｦ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｨ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 0601ｨｪｨ ｨｺ06 0904 ｨｬｨｪ06000602 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 09010205ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨ 05ｨ 000601ｨ 0807 070605ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 04010209ｨｹ 04ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬ. 0308ｨｨ 030205ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070806 ﾂｨｨｨｰｨ ｨｰｨｹ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨ02 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0204 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09: sort(1), sed(1) ｨｨ zip(1l) (01ｨ, 05ｨｰ06 ｨｰ06, 06 ﾂ02ｨｬ 0904 070601ｨｮｨｬｨ 05ｨｨ: 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 08ｨ 0907ｨ ｨｺ06090409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09060401ｨ 09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ.zip-ｨ 0801ｨｨ0904 09 GNU/Linux), convert(1) ｨｨ 0108. 01ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｮ ﾂ03ｨｨｨｬ 0907060906ｨ 06ｨｬ ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07 05ｨｰｨｨ01 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 0708ｨ ｨｺｨｰｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｨ 05ｨｺ09070208ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ04 09 ｨｪｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 06 0904, 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06, ｨｪｨ ｨｦ0102ｨｰ02 ｨｬｨｪ060006 09ｨ 08ｨｨｨ ｨｪｨｰ0609 010507 ｨｨ01 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07, 07060806ｨｦ 01ｨ 0302 09ｨ ｨｬ0401 ｨｪ020603ｨｨ01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ0401. 04ｨ 04090502ｨｺｨ ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ! 76

130105ｨ 09ｨ 10. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ﾁｨｰ06 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0602 07080602020909, ｨｬ04 ｨｮ0302 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ080205ｨｨ 09 04ｨ 0401. 1.3. 0602070208ｨｹ ｨｬ04 ｨｨ04ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｬ, ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 070806020209090609 ｨｨ ｨｨ01 01ｨ 08ｨ ｨｺｨｰ0208ｨｨ09ｨｰｨｨｨｺｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｮ0708ｨ 090507ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ. 10.1. 0306010806ｨ ｨｪ0202 06 07080602020909ｨ 01 05ｨ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨ 05060102ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨｨ ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 090606ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨｨｬ, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 0708020809ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907, 0708ｨｨ0609ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ0907, 07080601060503ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨｮ ｨｨ ｨｰ.01. ﾁｨｰ06ｨ 04 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨｨｬ020804, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ04 0906ｨ ｨｨ08ｨ 02ｨｬ0907 04010209ｨｹ 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｰｨｹ, ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 0706050204ｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｪ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 ｨｮ04ｨｪｨ ｨｰｨｹ 06ｨ 05ｨｰｨｨ01 07080602020909ｨ 01. 10.1.1. 020208020906 070806020209090609 0306 ｨ ｨｪｨ 050600ｨｨｨｨ 09 00ｨ ｨｦ05ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, 090902 0708060202090904, 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ02 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 GNU/Linux, 060800ｨ ｨｪｨｨ040609ｨ ｨｪ04 09 09ｨｨ0102 0102080209ｨ. 080608ｨｪ02ｨｬ 05ｨｰ060006 0102080209ｨ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 init - 07080602020909 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ060006 ｨｮ080609ｨｪ07, 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｦ 0906 090802ｨｬ07 04ｨ 0008ｨｮ04ｨｺｨｨ. 05ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨ 0708ｨｨ0909ｨ ｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 ｨｺｨ 030106ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨ04 070806020209090609 (PID, Process ID, ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 07080602020909ｨ ), ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨｨ01 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ. 0308060202090904 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｰ ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ060804 090906ｨｨ01 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨ01 070806020209090609(PPID, Parent Process ID, ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺ060006 07080602020909ｨ ). init 09ｨ ｨｬ 0902ｨ 02 0709050702ｨｰ0907 06ｨｰ0206ｨｬ - 020006 PID ｨｨ PPID 08ｨ 09ｨｪ04 1. 10.1.2. 05ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504 08ｨ 030104ｨｦ 07080602020909 09 UNIX 03 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ 0802ｨ 00ｨｨ080609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪｨ 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｪ0402 02ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504. 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 64 08ｨ 0405ｨｨ ﾂｨｪ0401 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨ02ｨｨ08ｨｮ0606ｨｰ0907 0706 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208ｨ ｨｬ (ｨｪｨ ﾂｨｨｨｪｨ 07 09 1) ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0706 09ｨｨｨｬ090605ｨｹｨｪ04ｨｬ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨ ｨｬ (SIGx, 000102 x - ｨｨｨｬ07 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ). 32 ｰ09ｨｰｨ 0803ｨｨ01 ｱ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ (06ｨｰ 33 0106 64) - 05ｨｰ06 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 0504 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, ｨｨ01 08ｨ 0909ｨｬ06ｨｰ0802ｨｪｨｨ02 0904010601ｨｨｨｰ 04ｨ 08ｨ ｨｬｨｺｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ 0005ｨ 0904. 020507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 05ｨｰｨｨ01 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 050609 ｨｮ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨ 04ｨｰｨｹ 0607080201020502ｨｪ06 09090602 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0602 070609020102ｨｪｨｨ02, 04ｨ ｨｨ09ｨｺ0506 ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ 0109ｨｮ01 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 050609: 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 9 (KILL) ｨｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 19 (STOP). 05ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05 9 ｨ 02040906040908ｨ ｨｰｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ0603ｨ 02ｨｰ 07080602020909, ｨｪ02 0609ｨｰｨ 09050707 02ｨｬｨｮ 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0608ｨｬｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 04ｨ 0902080302ｨｪｨｨ02 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04. 06ｨｰ06ｨｰ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05 0904 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ02 07080602020909ｨｮ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ060804ｨｦ 04ｨ 09ｨｨ09 ｨｨ05ｨｨ 0904040409ｨ 02ｨｰ 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ02 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬ04. 030605ｨｪ04ｨｦ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 050609 ｨｬ0603ｨｪ06 09040409ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 kill -l. 10.2. 06ｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ07 06 07080602020909ｨ 01: ps ｨｨ pstree 06ｨｰｨｨ 010902 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 090409060107ｨｰ 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 070806020209090609, 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, 09060005ｨ 09ｨｪ06 ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ06090502ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｺ08ｨｨｨｰ0208ｨｨ07ｨｬ. pstree 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 09 ｨ 06050202 0706ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｪ06ｨｬ 09ｨｨ0102 0706 0908ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 09 ps -f. 10.2.1. ps 05ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺ ps ｨ 0204 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ0609 0706ｨｺｨ 0302ｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 ｨｰ02 0708060202090904, ﾂｨｰ06 ｨ 0405ｨｨ 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪ04 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 0708ｨｨ090704ｨ ｨｪ04 ｨｺ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨｮ: $ ps PID TTY TIME CMD 18614 pts/3 00:00:00 bash 20173 pts/3 00:00:00 ps 08ｨ ｨｺ ｨｨ ｨｬｨｪ0600ｨｨ02 ｨｮｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰ04 UNIX 03, ps 06ｨ 05ｨ 01ｨ 02ｨｰ 08070106ｨｬ 0706050204ｨｪ0401 060702ｨｨｨｦ, ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 06ｨ ｨｴｨｨｨｬｨｨ ｨｨ04 ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 0709050706ｨｰ0907: 6ｦ1 a: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0708060202090904, 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0402 090902ｨｬｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507ｨｬｨｨ; 6ｦ1 x: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0708060202090904 ｨ 0204 ｨｮ0708ｨ 09050706ｨｴ020006 ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 05ｨ ｨｨ05ｨｨ 09 ｨｮ0708ｨ 09050706ｨｴｨｨｨｬ ｨｰ0208ｨｬｨｨｨｪｨ 0506ｨｬ, ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ05ｨｨ ﾂｨ 06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ0907 06ｨｰ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬ060006 09ｨ ｨｬｨｨ; 6ｦ1 u: 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 010507 ｨｺｨ 0301060006 ｨｨ04 070806020209090609 ｨｨｨｬ07 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ0903020006 020006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507 ｨｨ 090802ｨｬ07 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ. 77

130105ｨ 09ｨ 10. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 05ｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ09ｨｮ02ｨｰ 02ｨｴ04 ｨｬｨｪ06030209ｨｰ0906 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 060702ｨｨｨｦ. 05ｨ 0106070605ｨｪｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹｨｪ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ02ｨｦ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｴｨ ｨｦｨｰ0209ｨｹ ｨｺ 09ｨｰ08ｨ ｨｪｨｨ0202 08ｨｮｨｺ0609060109ｨｰ09ｨ ps(1). 0004090601 ps 08ｨ 0401020502ｨｪ ｨｪｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 07060502ｨｦ: ﾂｨ ｨｴ02 0909020006 09ｨ 09 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ ｨｨｨｪｨｰ020802090609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 07060502 PID, 090601020803ｨ ｨｴ0202 ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 07080602020909ｨ. 03060502 CMD 090601020803ｨｨｨｰ ｨｨｨｬ07 0904070605ｨｪ0702ｨｬ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. ﾁｨ ｨｴ02 0909020006 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ps 0904040409ｨ 02ｨｰ0907 ｨｰｨ ｨｺ: $ ps ax less 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0904 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 0907ｨｨ0906ｨｺ 09090201 04ｨ 07ｨｮｨｴ02ｨｪｨｪ0401 ｨｪｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 070806020209090609, ﾂｨｰ06 01ｨ 09ｨｰ 09ｨ ｨｬ 090604ｨｬ0603ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ 06070802010205ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 070806ｨ 0502ｨｬｨｪ0401 070806020209090609 ｨｨ ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ0603ｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01. 10.2.2. pstree 0806ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ pstree 0904090601ｨｨｨｰ 0708060202090904 09 000608ｨｬ02 0102080209ｨ. 0209ｨｪ0609ｨｪ04ｨｬ 070802ｨｨｨｬｨｮｨｴ0209ｨｰ0906ｨｬ 0709050702ｨｰ0907 ｨｰ06, ﾂｨｰ06 0904 0908ｨ 04ｨｮ ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮ09ｨｨ0102ｨｰｨｹ 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨ02 0708060202090904: 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮｨｪｨｨ ﾂｨｰ0603ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020205ｨｮ06 090208ｨｨ06 070806020209090609, ｨ 06ｨｪｨｨ 090902 070806ｨｨ0901060107ｨｰ 06ｨｰ 0601ｨｪ060006 080601ｨｨｨｰ020507, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 07080609ｨｰ06 ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 05ｨｰ06ｨｰ 080601ｨｨｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺｨｨｨｦ 07080602020909. 00ｨ ｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0102ｨｰ0907 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -p 010507 0904090601ｨ PID 09090201 070806020209090609 ｨｨ 060702ｨｨ02ｨｦ -u 010507 0904090601ｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨ0903020006 07080602020909. 06.ｨｺ. 010208020906 04ｨ ﾂｨ 09ｨｰｨｮ06 0106090605ｨｹｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ030602, 09ｨ ｨｬ 0706ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｰｨｹ pstree 09050201ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ 0406ｨｬ: $ pstree -up more 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0904 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰ02 06ｨ 040608 090902ｨｦ 09ｨｰ08ｨｮｨｺｨｰｨｮ0804 0102080209ｨ 070806020209090609. 10.3. 02ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 050609 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ: kill, killall ｨｨ top 10.3.1. kill, killall 06ｨｰｨｨ 010902 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ0907 010507 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 050609 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ. 020507 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 kill ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 07080602020909ｨ 09 ｨｺｨ ﾂ0209ｨｰ0902 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ, ｨ 010507 killall ｨｰ0802ｨ ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 ｨｨｨｬ07 07080602020909ｨ. 02ｨ 02 05ｨｰｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 010607ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ 06ｨｰ 060702ｨｨ06ｨｪｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ0602 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 ｨ 0800ｨｮｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰｨ 09 ｨｪ06ｨｬ020806ｨｬ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ, 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｬ060006 07080602020909ｨｮ. 0306 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 06ｨｪｨｨ 06ｨ 02 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09050706ｨｰ 090606ｨｰ0902ｨｰ09ｨｰ09ｨｮ06ｨｴｨｨｨｬ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05 15 (TERM). 01ｨ 0708ｨｨｨｬ0208, 020905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909 09 PID 785, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ: $ kill 785 030905ｨｨ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 02ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05 19 (STOP), 09090201ｨｨｨｰ02: $ kill -19 785 020607ｨｮ09ｨｰｨｨｨｬ 06ｨ 08ｨ ｨｰｨｪ0602, ｨｰ.02. 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪｨｮ03ｨｪ06 ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 07080602020909, 010507 ｨｺ06ｨｰ0608060006 0904 04ｨｪｨ 02ｨｰ02 ｨｨｨｬ07 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104. 00ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｨ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 07080602020909ｨ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 ps, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｮｨ ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 020006 0706 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ. 030905ｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 07080602020909ｨ ｰmozilla ｱ, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 090609070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0106ｨｦ: $ killall -9 mozilla 00 0506ｨ 06ｨｬ 0905ｨｮ ﾂｨ 02 0904 ｨｮｨ ｨｹ02ｨｰ02 ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 090906ｨｨ 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0402 0708060202090904 (ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 020905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 root), 070605ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ 09ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ02 09ｨｰ06ｨｨｨｰ 090605ｨｪ0609ｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 06 07080602020909ｨ 01 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨ01 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ, 020905ｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 02ｨｰ02 09 ｨｬｨｪ060006070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ09ｨｺ06ｨｦ 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ ｨｺｨ ｨｺ ｨｪｨ ｨｪｨｨ01 05ｨｰ06 ｨｪ02 07060905ｨｨ0702ｨｰ. 10.3.2. 02ｨ ｨｲ0201ｨｨｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ02 ps ｨｨ kill: top top - 05ｨｰ06 0708060008ｨ ｨｬｨｬｨ, 0601ｨｪ06090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｪ06 090609ｨｬ02ｨｴｨ 06ｨｴｨ 07 00ｨｮｨｪｨｺ02ｨｨｨｨ ps ｨｨ kill, ｨ ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｬｨ 07 010507 ｨｪｨ ｨ 05060102ｨｪｨｨ07 04ｨ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 080203ｨｨｨｬ02 0802ｨ 05ｨｹｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050707 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨ06 06ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨｨｨ 070806020209090608ｨ ｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ, 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰ04 ｨｨ ｨｰ.07., ｨｺｨ ｨｺ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ06 ｨｪｨ 04ｨｨ09. 10-1. 78

130105ｨ 09ｨ 10. 070708ｨ 090502ｨｪｨｨ02 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 04ｨｨ09ｨｮｨｪ06ｨｺ 10-1. 01ｨ ｨ 05060102ｨｪｨｨ02 04ｨ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨ 0706ｨｬ06ｨｴｨｨ top 07ｨｰｨｨ05ｨｨｨｰｨ top 070605ｨｪ0609ｨｰｨｹ06 ｨｮ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｰ0907 09 ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨｨ ｨｰｨｮ0804. 0004 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 070605ｨｮ ﾂｨｨｨｰｨｹ 090708ｨ 09ｨｺｨｮ, ｨｪｨ 03ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ ｨｺ05ｨ 09ｨｨ03ｨｮ h. 01ｨ ｨｨｨ 06050202 0706050204ｨｪ0402 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104: 6ｦ1 k: 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09ｨｺｨｨ 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ 07080602020909ｨｮ. 0308ｨｨ 05ｨｰ06ｨｬ top 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 PID 07080602020909ｨ, ｨ 04ｨ ｨｰ02ｨｬ ｨｪ06ｨｬ0208 ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪｨ 0409ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 06ｨｰ0708ｨ 09050702ｨｬ060006 09ｨｨ00ｨｪｨ 05ｨ (0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 TERM ｨｨ05ｨｨ 15); 6ｦ1 M: 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 070806020209090609 0706 06ｨ ｨｲ02ｨｬｨｮ 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07ｨ ｨｬ07ｨｰｨｨ(07060502 %MEM); 6ｦ1 P: 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 070806020209090609 0706 04ｨ ｨｪ07ｨｰ06ｨｬｨｮ ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 070806020209090608ｨｪ06ｨｬｨｮ 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ (07060502 %CPU). 06ｨｰ06 ｨｬ02ｨｰ0601 090608ｨｰｨｨ080609ｨｺｨｨ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06; 6ｦ1 u: 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 0904090601ｨ 070806020209090609 04ｨ 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507. top 0907080609ｨｨｨｰ ｨｮ 09ｨ 09 020006 ｨｨｨｬ07. 00ｨ ｨｬ ｨｪ0206ｨ 010601ｨｨｨｬ06 09090209ｨｰｨｨ ｨｨｨｬ07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, ｨ ｨｪ02 020006 UID. 030905ｨｨ 0904 ｨｪ02 0909020102ｨｰ02 ｨｪｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｺ060006 ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ, ｨ ｨｮ01ｨｮｨｰ 0706ｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪ04 090902 0708060202090904; 6ｦ1 i: 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06 090409060107ｨｰ0907 090902 0708060202090904, 01ｨ 0302 090707ｨｴｨｨ02. 06ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ 06ｨ 02090702 ﾂｨｨ09ｨ 02ｨｰ 0904090601 ｨｨｨｪ000608ｨｬｨ 02ｨｨｨｨ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 06 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｴｨｨ01 09 01ｨ ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｦ ｨｬ06ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｰ 07080602020909ｨ 01 (0708060202090904, ｨｮ ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080401 07060502 STAT ｨｨｨｬ0202ｨｰ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 R, Running). 030609ｨｰ0608ｨｪ0602 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｪｨｨ02 05ｨｰ06ｨｦ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ0104 090208ｨｪ02ｨｰ 09ｨ 09 ｨｪｨ 04ｨ 01 ｨｺ 0907ｨｨ09ｨｺｨｮ 09090201 070806020209090609. 6ｦ1 r: 05ｨｰｨ ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨ ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ02ｨｰ0907 010507 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ07 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ 0904ｨ 08ｨ ｨｪｨｪ060006 07080602020909ｨ. 10.4. 0709ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｺｨ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ0609 010507 070806020209090609: nice, renice 000902 0708060202090904 09 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ02 08ｨ ｨ 06ｨｰｨ 06ｨｰ 09 0607080201020504ｨｪｨｪ04ｨｬｨｨ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ ｨｬｨｨ, ｨｰｨ ｨｺ0302 ｨｪｨ 040409ｨ 02ｨｬ04ｨｬｨｨ ｰ04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ07ｨｬｨｨ nice ｱ, ｨｺ06ｨｰ06080402 ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪ07ｨｰｨｹ0907 06ｨｰ -20 (ｨｪｨ ｨｨ09040903ｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ) 0106 19 (ｨｪｨ ｨｨｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨｨｦ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ). 030905ｨｨ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ ｨｪ02 0607080201040502ｨｪ, ｨｺｨ 030104ｨｦ 07080602020909 ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 04ｨ 07ｨｮ09ｨｺｨ ｨｰｨｹ0907 09 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ 0706 ｨｮｨｬ0605 ﾂｨ ｨｪｨｨ06-0 ( ｰｨ ｨ 04060904ｨｬ ｱ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ 08ｨ 0907080201020502ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｬｨ 03ｨｨｨｪｨｪ060006 090802ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨ). 020507 070806020209090609 09 ｨ 06050202 09040906ｨｺｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ (ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02ｨｬ nice, 09070506ｨｰｨｹ 0106-20) ｨ ｨｮ0102ｨｰ 090401020502ｨｪ06 ｨ 0605ｨｹ0302 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬｨｪ0401 080209ｨｮ08090609 0706 0908ｨ 09ｨｪ02ｨｪｨｨ06 09 0108ｨｮ00ｨｨｨｬｨｨ 07080602020909ｨ ｨｬｨｨ 09 ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｹ03ｨｨｨｬ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ06ｨｬ (0106 19), 070802010609ｨｰｨ 09050707 ｨｨｨｬ ｨ 0605ｨｹ030202 ﾂｨｨ090506 02ｨｨｨｺ050609 070806020209090608ｨ. 02ｨ 04 ﾂｨｪ0402 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｨ ｨｬ0600ｨｮｨｰ ｨｰ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 0706ｨｪｨｨ03ｨ ｨｰｨｹ 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ 090906ｨｨ01 0906ｨ 09ｨｰ0902ｨｪｨｪ0401 070806020209090609 09 01ｨｨｨ 07ｨ 0406ｨｪ02 06ｨｰ0 0106 19. 05ｨｮ070208070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ (root) ｨｬ060302ｨｰ ｨｮ09ｨｰｨ ｨｪ0609ｨｨｨｰｨｹ 010507 0506ｨ 060006 07080602020909ｨ 0506ｨ 0602 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ. 10.4.1. renice 030905ｨｨ 0601ｨｨｨｪ ｨｨ05ｨｨ ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06 070806020209090609 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮ06ｨｰ 0905ｨｨ03ｨｺ06ｨｬ ｨｬｨｪ060006 080209ｨｮ08090609 09ｨｨ09ｨｰ02ｨｬ04, 0904 ｨｬ060302ｨｰ02 ｨｨ04ｨｬ02ｨｪｨｨｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ04 09ｨｬ0209ｨｰ06 ｨｰ060006, ﾂｨｰ06ｨ 04 ｨｮｨ ｨｨ09ｨ ｨｰｨｹ ｨｨ01. 020507 05ｨｰ060006 ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 ｨｺ06ｨｬｨ ｨｪ01ｨｮ renice. 0302 09ｨｨｨｪｨｰｨ ｨｺ09ｨｨ09: renice 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ [[-p] pid...] [[-g] pgrp...] [[-u] 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ...] 000102 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰ - 04ｨｪｨ ﾂ02ｨｪｨｨ02 0708ｨｨ0608ｨｨｨｰ02ｨｰｨ, pid - ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 07080602020909ｨ (ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 060702ｨｨ06 -p 010507 ｨｮｨｺｨ 04ｨ ｨｪｨｨ07 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 070806020209090609), pgrp - ｨｨ0102ｨｪｨｰｨｨ00ｨｨｨｺｨ ｨｰ0608 0008ｨｮ070704 07080602020909ｨ (020905ｨｨ ｨｨ01 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺ06, ｨｨ09070605ｨｹ04ｨｮｨｦｨｰ02 -g) ｨｨ 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ0205ｨｹ - ｨｨｨｬ07 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020507, 0905ｨ 010206ｨｴ020006 0708060202090906ｨｬ (-u 010507 ｨｪ0209ｨｺ0605ｨｹｨｺｨｨ01 070605ｨｹ040609ｨ ｨｰ020502ｨｦ). 79