Main Topic 11: Housing/Corporate Policy Lesson 65: Home Services (20-25 minutes) Today, you will: 1. Learn useful vocabulary related to HOME SERVICES. 2. Review Pronouns. I. VOCABULARY Exercise 1: What s the meaning? (5-6 minutes) Choose the meaning of the underlined words from the choices that follow. Then practice using the words in your own sentences. 1. The plumber is here to repair ( 修理する ) the sink. a. fix b. remove c. furbish d. replace 2. The refrigerator is broken ( 壊れている ) so all the food in it got spoiled. a. disrupted b. disturbed c. damaged d. detached 3. According to the electrician, the remedy ( 治療法 改善策 ) is to replace the burnt fuse. a. solution b. solvent c. situation d. substitute 4. The blockage in the vacuum cleaner caused its breakdown ( 故障 ). a. mastery b. malfunction c. magnitude d. movement 1
5. The cable man had to fix all the wiring ( 電気配線工事 ) so we can have internet connection again. a. building of wires b. making of wires c. arrangement of wires d. programming of wires Exercise 2: What s the word? (5-7 minutes) Read the following dialog with your tutor and try to use context clues to fill in the blanks with the most appropriate word. You can find the missing word from the pool of words at the bottom. Mr. Sato, a landlord, asked the plumber Kawa-san to inspect one of his apartments upon receiving a complaint from one of his tenants that the pipes in the basement were making a lot of noise. Mr. Sato: Thank you for coming today, Kawa-san. I really need your help with the. I received a call from one of my tenants and he said the pipes have been making a lot of noise lately. Shall we go down to the basement and check them out? Kawa-san: It s my pleasure, Mr. Sato. Let me ask you some questions while we walk to the basement. How often do you conduct work in your apartments? Mr. Sato: This is a zone, so I limit it to the minimum. I have them checked just once a year unless I receive a complaint from my tenants, just like this one. Kawa-san: That is good. However, to prevent your from being damaged, I suggest you have them checked twice a year. You know what they say; Prevention is better than cure. Mr. Sato: That is an excellent suggestion. I will keep that in mind. Kawa-san: It will also help your apartment units from deteriorating in general. You can prevent other damages caused by rust and even pests like termites. Mr. Sato: Thank you Kawa-san. I will arrange for a bi-annual inspection from now on. Hopefully, I will not receive any more complaints from my tenants. Kawa-san: You are most welcome, Mr. Sato. 2
Choices: a. utilities ( 公共施設 ) b. protect ( 防ぐ ) c. wiring ( 電気配線工事 ) d. plumbing ( 配管設備 ) e. residential ( 住宅の ) f. maintenance ( メンテナンス ) II. GRAMMAR REVIEW: Topic: Pronouns (5-6 minutes) ( 代名詞 ) A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or pronoun. Below are the different types of pronouns: ( 代名詞とは 名詞に代わって使用される品詞です 下記に例を挙げます ) 1. Personal replaces nouns representing people, places, things, or ideas 人称代名詞 人 場所 もの 考え等を表す名詞の代わりに使用します Examples: I, you, he, she, it, etc. 2. Demonstrative points out specific persons, places, things, or ideas 指示代名詞 特定の人 場所 もの 考え等を表す名詞の代わりに使用します Examples: This, that, these, those (Xxx.) 3. Indefinite replaces nouns without specifying which noun they replace 不定人称代名詞 - 不特定の人数を表す名詞 (( 例 : 誰でも anybody, 全ての all) の代わりに使用します Examples: anybody, all, etc. 4. Intensive emphasizes a noun or another pronoun 強調の代名詞 同一名詞を強調する時に使用します 例 :myself 君ではなく 私の意味 ) Examples: myself, yourself, himself, etc. 5. Interrogative begins or introduces interrogative sentences 疑問代名詞 疑問文の文頭に使用します Examples: who, whom, whose, what, which, etc. 3
6. Reciprocal shows a mutual relationship 相互関係を表す代名詞 互いの関係を表します Examples: each other, one another, etc 7. Reflexive points back to the subject of the sentence; same as Intensive, but they don t emphasize 再帰代名詞 主語として使用された語を再度指摘する時に使います 強調の意味はありません ( 例 :I bought myself a new shirt. 私は私自身に新しいシャツを買いました ) Examples: myself, yourself, himself, etc. 8. Relative begins a subordinate clause and connects it to another noun that precedes it 関係代名詞 従属節の最初に用いられ 先行する名詞を置き換える役割を果たします Examples: who, whom, whose, etc. Remember: Pronouns usually refer to something that was already mentioned in previous sentence or understood by the listener or reader. They are very useful words because when you use them, you do not need to repeat nouns all the time. 代名詞は通常 前の文章で使用された名詞を置き換えるために使用されます 同じ名詞を再度反復して使用しなくても済むので 非常に便利な品詞といえます ) Examples: Personal Demonstrative Indefinite Intensive Interrogative Reciprocal Reflexive Relative Alice works at the university. She is a professor. This is a heavy suitcase. Many bought tickets to the show. The instructor himself ordered this product. Which did you prefer? We are commanded to love one another. I bought myself a new shirt. The girl whom I choose will get a present. 4
Comprehension Check: What is the advantage of using pronouns instead of the actual noun? Construct two sentences that use pronouns. Exercise 1: Incomplete Sentences (5-6 minutes) Choose the word or phrase that would best complete the following sentences. 1. My sister and called a plumber when we found a leaking pipe in our kitchen. a. I b. me c. mine d. myself 2. The refrigerator being repaired is. a. you b. your c. yours d. yourself 3. My husband took a picture of and my son. a. I b. me c. mine d. myself 4. I want to have television repaired as soon as possible. a. they b. this c. these d. those 5. did you call to fix the washing machine? a. Who b. Which c. Whom d. Whose 5