root Android IPv4/ 1 1 2 1 NAT Network Address Translation IPv4 NTMobile Network Traversal with Mobility NTMobile Android 4.0 VPN API VpnService root VpnService IPv4 IPv4 VpnService NTMobile root IPv4/ IPv4/ 1. IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 NAT-PT Network Address Translation-Protocol Translation [1] NAT64 [2] 6to4 [3] 6rd rapid deployment [4] IPv4 IPv4 NAT-PT NAT64 IPv4 IPv4 1 Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meijo University 2 Faculty of Information Science, Aichi Institute of Technology IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 6to4 6rd IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 NAT Network Address Translation CGN Carrier Grade NAT [5] NAT IPv4 NAT NAT NAT IPv4 IP NAT IPv4 c 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 1
Dual Stack Virtual Network Dual Stack Network RS DC Real Network 一般端末 GN NTM 端末 C NTM 端末 B IPv4 Private Network IPv4 Global Network NTM 端末 A NTM 端末 B NTM 端末 A Handover NTM 端末 A (After Move) NTM 端末 C 一般端末 GN Global Network 1 NTMobile NTMobile Network Traversal with Mobility [6 9] NTMobile NTMobile NTM IPv4 NTM IP IP IP NTM UDP IP NTMobile OS Linux OS Linux OS Android OS Linux root root root NTMobile Android 4.0 VPN Virtual Private Network VpnService [10] root NTMobile [11] NTMobile IPv4 IPv4 VpnService NTMobile IPv4/ IPv4/ IPv4/ 2 NTMobile 3 4 5 2. NTMobile 2.1 1 NTMobile NTMobile NTMobile NTM NTM DC Direcition Coordinator RS Relay Server DC RS IPv4 NTM FQDN c 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 2
IP DC DC IP NTM IP IP 2 NTM IP IP NAT IPv4/ NTM DC keep alive NTM DC NTM DC IP IPv4/ NTM NTM FQDN NTM IP IP NTM NTM RS IPv4/ NTMobile GN General Node 2.2 NTMobile NTMobile Linux OS PC NTMobile NTMobile Linux OS Android OS [6] Linux NTMobile root root NTMobile 2.2.1 VpnService Android OS 4.0 root VPN API VpnService VpnService VPN IP IP API NTMobile 2 VpnService [11] User Space Kernel Space 2 Android Vpn Service Virtual I/F (TUN) NTMobile Tunnel Service Packet Checker Packet Manipulation NTMobile Library Real I/F NTMobile Signaling UDP Socket Virtual IP Packet DNS Query/Request Data flow Encapsulated Packet Signaling for creating tunnel VpnService VpnService Linux Netfilter [12] / VpnService NTMobile VpnService NTMobile NTMobile NTMobile NTMobile / NTMobile Android DNS IP DNS NTMobile CN IP DNS DNS DNS IP IP IP CN IP UDP NTMobile / VpnService IPv4 IPv4 c 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 3
3. 3.1 3 VpnService NTMobile NTMobile NTMobile DNS AAAA NTMobile NTMobile NTMobile IPv4/ IPv4/ IPv4 IPv4 IPv4 VIPv4 IPv4 Network Network IPv4 IPv4 Network Virtual IP Packet Encapsulated Packet NTMobile Tunnel Service 拡張 RIPv4 RIPv4 R MN 従来までの実装 Virtural I/F 3 Network VpnService Create Virtual I/F Packet Checker DNS Query(FQDNCN : AAAA Record) Packet Check NTM Tunnel Service DNS response VCN Packet Manipulation VIPv4 NTMobile Library NTMobile Signaling 提案方式 Create DNS Response V Network Dual Stack Network DC Registration Request Registration Response Tunnel Establishment CN Packet Send 3.2 NTM MN Mobile Node NTM CN Correspondent Node 4 Packet Receive Packet Check Encryption Decryption UDP Tunnel 3.2.1 NTMobile NTMobile DC IPv4 VpnService 2 IP IPv4/ DNS IPv4/ DNS 3.2.2 IP DNS Signaling of NTMobile Operation Flow 4 3.2.3 Virtual IP Packet DNS Query/Response Encapsulated Packet DNS FQDN CN NTMobile DNS DNS DNS CN IP IPv4/ IP c 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 4
MN CN MN CN DC IPv4 Network IEEE 802.11n (2.4GHz) Network Dual Stack Network 5 1 DC MN,CN Hardware Virtual Machine Galaxy Nexus OS Ubuntu 10.04 Android 4.2.2 Kernel Linux 2.6.32 Linux 3.0.31 CPU Intel Core i5-4258u 2.4GHz Texas Instruments OMAP 4460 1.2GHz Memory 1GB 1GB 3.2.4 DNS NTMobile NTMobile IPv4 IP UDP 3.2.5 NTMobile VpnService 4. 2 Galaxy Nexus Android 4.2.2 JDQ39 IPv4/ IPv4/ 4.1 5 1 IPv4 MN CN DC Ubuntu 10.04 IEEE 802.11n 2.4GHz 4.2 IPv4 Iperf 30 TCP 10 IPv4/ IPv4/ Iperf IPv4 4 IPv4/ 4.3 6 7 IPv4 10 8 9 10 General NTMobile NTMobile Tunnel Service IPvX IPvY VIPvX over RIPvY IPv4 8.64% 5.76%, c 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 5
Throughput[Mbps] Throughput[Mbps] Throughput[Mbps] Throughput[Mbps] 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 6 7 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 8 15 13 15 13 15.39 IPv4 General.37.06 VIPv4 over RIPv4 V over RIPv4 NTMobile Tunnel Service IPv4 General VIPv4 over RIPv4 V over RIPv4 IPv4.76 General.08 13.91 VIPv4 over R V over R NTMobile Tunnel Service General VIPv4 over R V over R 5. NTMobile VpnService IPv4/ IPv4/ IPv4/ IPv4 8.64% 5.76% Android root IPv4/ [1] Tsirtsis, G. and Srisuresh, P.: Network Address Translation - Protocol Translation (NAT-PT), RFC 2766,IETF (2000). [2] Bagnulo, M., Matthews, P. and van Beijnum, I.: Stateful NAT64: Network Address and Protocol Translation from Clients to IPv4 Servers, RFC 66,IETF (2011). [3] Carpenter, B. and Moore, K.: Connection of Domains via IPv4 Clouds, RFC 3056,IETF (2001). [4] Townsley, W. and Troan, O.: Rapid Deployment on IPv4 Infrastructures (6rd) Protocol Specification, RFC 5969,IETF (2010). [5] Jiang, S., Guo, D. and Carpenter, B.: An Incremental Carrier-Grade NAT (CGN) for Transition, RFC 6264, IETF (2011). [6] NTMobile Android Vol. 62, No. 19, pp. 1 8 (2012). [7] IPv4/ NTMobile Vol. 54, No. 10, pp. 2288 2299 (2013). [8] DICOMO20 (20). [9] DICOMO20 Vol. 20, pp. 1319 1325 (20). [10] VpnService Android Developers. http: //developer.android.com/reference/android/net/ VpnService.html. [11] Vol. 76, No. 3 (20). [12] Netfilter. http://www.netfilter.org/. 9 c 2015 Information Processing Society of Japan 6