統計力学模型とSLE 中央大学理工学部 香取眞理

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1 1 Loewner

2 (loop erased RW : LERW) (self avoiding walk : SAW) (critical percolation model) Ising (critical Ising model) 1.2 Markov (conformal cov./inv.) Markov (domain Markov property) 1.3 LERW (restriction property) µ : NG, Ising (locality property) µ : NG, [ ( ) ] µ µ µ µ µ µ LERW SAW per Ising SAW per : : OK OK 2

3 2. Bessel Brown, martingale, Ito 2.2 d Bessel BESd 2.3 BESd 3. Schramm-Loewner Evolution (SLE) 3.1 Riemann Loewner 3.4 SLE BESd

4 4. SLE 4.1 Schramm Markov µ (SLE6) 8/ 3 µ (SLE8/3) 4.3 3κ c = µ µ ( 8)(6 κ ) 2κ per SAW µ κ, κ (0, ) 4 SLE ( ) Virasoro ( c) ( SLE : 0 < κ κ LERW, SAW (percolation), (Ising model) (Abelian sandpile model) 4) ( SLE : 4 < κ < 8) κ ( SLE : κ = κ 8)

5 5

6 6

7 O. Schramm, Scaling limits of loop erased random walks and uniform spanning trees, Israel J. Math. 118 (2000) G. F. Lawler, Conformally Invariant Processes in the Plane, American Math. Soc., R. Friedrich and W. Werner, Conformal restriction, highestweight representations and SLE, Commun. Math. Phys. 243 (2003) S. Smirnov, Critical percolation in the plane: conformal invariance, Cardy s formula, scaling limits, C.R.Acad.Sci.Paris, Ser.I Math. 333 (2001) S. Smirnov, Conformal invariance in random cluster models, I. Holomorphic fermions in the Ising model, arxiv: V. Beffara, The dimension of the SLE curves, Ann. Probab. 36 (2008) SLE 62 (no.7) (2007)

8

9 9

10 10

11 11

12 12 RW (complex

13 (loop erased RW: LERW) 13

14 (loop erased RW: LERW) 14

15 (loop erased RW: LERW) 15

16 (loop erased RW: LERW) 16

17 (loop erased RW: LERW) 17

18 (LERW) 18

19 (LERW) 19

20 (self avoiding walk : SAW) 20 a1 n=200 a2 n=800

21 (SAW) 21

22 (critical percolation model) 22

23 (percolation exploration process) 23

24 24 (b1) (b2)

25 Ising (critical Ising model) 25

26 Ising (Ising Interface) 26

27 1.2 Markov 27

28 28

29 29

30 Markov 30

31 31

32 1.3 (restriction property) 32

33 1.3 (restriction property) 33

34 (locality property) 34

35 (locality property) 35

36 .1,, 36

37 37

38 38

39 39

40 40

41 41

42 42

43 43

44 44

45 . d BESd 45

46 46

47 47

48 48

49 49

50 . BESd 50

51 51

52 52

53 53

54 54

55 55

56 56

57 57

58 58

59 59

60 A.1 60

61 61

62 62

63 63

64 64

65 Schramm Loewner SLE.1 Riemann 65

66 66

67 67

68 68

69 69

70 70

71 . 71

72 72

73 73

74 74

75 75

76 76

77 77

78 78

79 79

80 80

81 81

82 . Loewner 82

83 83

84 84

85 85

86 86

87 87

88 . SLE BESd 88

89 89

90 Oded Schramm (December 10, 1961 in Jerusalem, Israel September 1, 2008, Washington State, USA) 90

91 91

92 92

93 93

94 94

95 95

96 96

97 97

98 98

99 99

100 SLE 3 3 ) 100

101 101 (c) (b) (t) R (swallowed) Ut (c) x1, x2, Ut

102 ) ( ˆ 2 ) ( ˆ + = = = + = + = κ κ κ κ d d d x X t dt d t db x t dx x g t dt t db x t dg c c

103 103 κ = 1.0 κ = 2.0 Tom Kennedy s Home Page

104 104 κ = 3.0 κ = 4.0 Tom Kennedy s Home Page

105 105 = 5.0 κ = 6.0 κ Tom Kennedy s Home Page

106 106 κ = 7.0 = 8.0 κ Tom Kennedy s Home Page

107 SLE.1 Schramm 107

108 108

109 109

110 110

111 111

112 112

113 113

114 114 A

115 115

116 116

117 117

118 118

119 119

120 (locality property) 120

121 121

122 122

123 123

124 124

125 125

126 126

127 127

128 128

129 129

130 130

131 [1] SLE Ut=Bt filtration, Bessel flow SLE [2] SLE SLE SLE( ), multiple SLE, [3] SAW, Ising Potts O(N) DLA, height models, Coulomb gas,, universality class ) [4] (Cardy s formula, Schramm Zhou s 2pt martingale) CLE (conformal loop ensemble) 131

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