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1 22 A
2 (GOT/GPT
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4 ~1900 Catarrhal Jaundice 1912 Cockayne Infectious hepatitis 1946 MacCallum Infectious hepatitis A and B 1965 Blumberg Discovery of hepatitis B virus 1973 Feinstone Discovery of hepatitis A virus 1974 Prince Non-A, non-b hepatitis 1983 Balayan Discovery of hepatitis E virus 1989 Houghton Isolation of hepatitis C virus cdna
5 EM no no no yes yes Vaccine no yes yes yes no Chronic infection fecal-oral percutaneous permucosal percutaneous permucosal percutaneous permucosal fecal-oral Route of transmission feces blood/bloodproducts blood/bloodproducts blood/bloodproducts feces Source of virus HEV Hepeviridae RNA HDV Deltaviridae RNA HCV Flaviviridae RNA HBV Hepadnaviridae DNA HAV Picornaviridae RNA Virus
6
7
8 (80-95%) 10% 76-97%) %) * 0.01% (USA) (50 1.8% 0.3%)
9 EVENTS IN HEPATITIS A VIRUS INFECTION Clinical illness Infection ALT Response Viremia HAV in stool IgM IgG Week
10 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF HEPATITIS A VIRUS INFECTION
11 case / 100, Year
12
13 ( )
14 IA HAV) IA HAV) IA HAV) 1A
15
16 ( )
17 ( )
18 Case Numbers of AVH in Korea Data from CDC, Korea 6 th Korea-Japan Liver Symposium July , Kyongju CDC
19
20
21 2010 A
22 2010 A
23 HAV PCR-primers Capsid Noncapsid AAAn HAV+482-P-FAM PCR 1st PCR primers(498bp) Nested PCR primers(280bp)
24 3A 16 cases (28%) from 10 pref. Similar to recent Korean Isolates 1A (2010 type) 31 cases (53%) from 17 pref. Similar to Philippines Isolates 26 from 13 pref. had 100% identity 1A (2006 type) 9 cases (15%) from 7 pref. Similar to 2006 Japansese Isolates 1A (others):2, 1B:1 N=59
25 Comparison of HAV (3A) sequences between Japanese and Korean isolates Kb Kg2 [AJ299464]NOR-21/Norway_3A HAV_OsakaC_S HAVSeoul298 HAVSeoul398 HAVSeoul Mi2 HAV_ HAV_ HAVSeoul416 [EU011791]PN-IND/India_3A IND-HAV-97F_3A [AB279734]HAJ95-8/Japan_3A [AB279733]HA-JNG08-92/Japan_3A [AB258387]HA-JNG06-90F/Japan_3 [AB279735]HAJ85-1/Japan_3B [AB300205]KRM238G59/Japan_3B [AB425339]KRM003G72/Japan_3B [X83302]FG/Italy_1A [X75215]GBM/WT/Germany_1A [K02990]LA/USA_1A [EU131373]HAV5/Uruguay_1A [AB020569]FH3/Japan_1A Kb2_ _ Ng2_A-E_ [AF485328]LY6/China_1A DL3_1A [AB020564]AH1/Japan_1A [AF357222]LU38/China_1A [M14707]HM-175/Australia_1B [AF268396]HAF-203/Brazil_1B HM175_1B [AF314208]L-A-1/China_1B [M20273]MBB/Germany_1B M20273-MBB_1B [AY644670]SLF88/USA_2B CF53/Berne_2A 0.02
26
27
28
29 A P1-2A 2BC P3 structural proteins non-structural proteins VPg (3B) 5 NTR (IRES) VP4 2A VP2 VP3 VP1 2B 2C 3A 3B 3C 3D 3 NTR AAAAAA VP2 VP3 VP1 2A VP4 VP2 VP3 VP1 2A RNA replicase VP4 capsid
30 Genealogical tree of HAV strains Strain KRM031 CR326 HM175 TKM005 CF53 SLF88 PA21 KRM003 CY145 AGM27 JM55 IA IB VII VI IIIA IIIB V II IV Nucleotide sequence homology (%) based on 168 nt at VP1/2A cording region
31
32 HAV PCR-primers Capsid Noncapsid AAAn HAV+482-P-FAM PCR 1st PCR primers(498bp) Nested PCR primers(280bp)
33 HAV 100% inhibition HAV HAV HAV HAV HAV 0% inhibition HAV HAV HAV HAV - % inhibition x 100 -
34 HAV HAV IgM
35
36 Aimmugen *Havrix Vaqta Avaxim Epaxal Al(OH) 3 Al(OH) 3 Al(OH) 3 (Virosome) 2-PE 2-PE KRM003 HM175 CR326F GBM RG-SB IIIB IB IA IA IB *: (Twinrix)
37 (Dose) (year)
A 型肝炎 2014 年の流行に関する最新情報 石井孝司 ( 国立感染症研究所 ウイルス第 2 部 )
A 型肝炎 2014 年の流行に関する最新情報 石井孝司 ( 国立感染症研究所 ウイルス第 2 部 ) EM no no no yes yes Vaccine no yes yes yes no Chronic infection fecal-oral percutaneous permucosal percutaneous permucosal percutaneous permucosal fecal-oral
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CHEMOTHERAPY APRIL 1992 Table 2. Concentration of meropenem in human prostatic fluid Table 1. Background of 21 chronic complicated UTI cases * NB + BPH, NB + Kidney tumor, NB + Kidney tuberculosis Table