IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2016-ARC-221 No /8/9 GC 1 1 GC GC GC GC DalvikVM GC 12.4% 5.7% 1. Garbage Collection: GC GC Java GC GC GC GC Dalv

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1 GC 1 1 GC GC GC GC DalvikVM GC 12.4% 5.7% 1. Garbage Collection: GC GC Java GC GC GC GC DalvikVM[1] GC 1 Nagoya Institute of Technology GC GC 2. GC GC 2.1 GC 1 c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 1

2 1 GC GC Mark & Sweep[2] GC Copying[3] Reference Counting[4] GC 3 [5] Mark & Sweep 2.2 GC Concurrent GC[6] Concurrent GC GC GC Concurrent GC GC GC SILENT[7] Network Attached Processing NAP [8] Concurrent GC GC 3. GC GC GC 3.1 GC GC GC DalvikVM Mark & Sweep GC gem5 [9] DalvikVM GC DalvikVM GCBench[10] AOBench[11] SPECjvm2008[12] 5 7 GC 80% 46% GC GC 3.2 DalvikVM DalvikVM c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 2

3 1 X AOBench GCBench 61,717 6,312 1, crypto.rsa 2,789 1, crypto.aes 2, crypto.signverify 2,801 1, compress serial 4,269 1, DalvikVM Mark 3.1 GC 1 X X = crypto.rsa crypto.signverify X = 1 X = 10 2 GC 4. GC 4.1 GC GC GC 2 4 A D c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 3

4 A (i) A A A (a) A D (ii) D C C C C 4.2 DalvikVM LRU LRU LRU 3 GC 3 A D 3 A (i) A A B C (ii) A C B (iii) (a) D (iv) LRU c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 4

5 2 CAM Content Addressable Memory Address LRU prev next prev next Head Tail #Addr GC CAM RAM RAM 4 Victim Index LRU 4 B B B A C (a) B (b) c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 5

6 2 Platform Processor Clock Memory OS ARM-RealView PBX ARMv7 2.0 GHz 256 MB Linux gem5 5 (c) B A C A next C 2 C prev A 0 Head B D D D (a) D D D Victim Index D (b) D (c) D Victim Index Victim Index gem5 2 DalvikVM GCBench[10] AOBench[11] SPECjvm2008[12] 5 7 gem CAM CAM TLB 50 c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 6

7 6 GC 1 X = 100 X = 200 X = 200 X = GC GC GC GC GC GC (MS) (P) Mark & Sweep GC (MS) GC 1 MarkRoot ScanMarked Sweep misc Mark & Sweep (MS) (P) crypto.rsa GC ScanMarked crypto.signverify ScanMarked 12.4% GC 5.7% GC crypto.rsa crypto.signverify compress Mark & Sweep misc GC GC ScanMarked GC 2cycles 1cycle GC (P) 1.8% GC GC 7 GC GC GC 7 6 c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 7

8 50% 62% 50 7 GC (CO) Concurrent GC (MS) 1 (P) GC Concurrent GC (CO) 2.2 AOBench compress GC 26.0% 7.1% LRU LRU GC bit 8bit 8bit 300Byte CAM 8bit 3 2bit 2bit = 96bit 784Byte RAM 1KByte 7. GC GC GC Mark & Sweep GC 12.4% Concurrent GC c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 8

9 GC GC GC GC [1] Bornstein, D.: Dalvik Virtual Machine Internals, Google I/O 2008 (2008). [2] McCarthy, J.: Recursive Functions of Symbolic Expressions and Their Computation by Machine, Part I, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 3, pp (1960). [3] Minsky, M.: A LISP Garbage Collector Algorithm Using Serial Secondary Storage, Technical report, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1963). [4] Collins, G. E.: A Method for Overlapping and Erasure of Lists, Communications of the ACM, Vol. 3, pp (1960). [5] (2010). [6] Ossia, Y., Ben-Yitzhak, O., Goft, I., Kolodner, E. K., Leikehman, V. and Owshanko, A.: A Parallel, Incremental and Concurrent GC for Servers, Proc. ACM SIG- PLAN Conf. on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI 02), pp (2002). [7] Takeuchi, I., Yamazaki, K., Amagai, Y. and Yoshida, M.: Lisp can be Hard Real Time, Proc. Japan Lisp User Group Meeting (JLUGM) (2000). [8] Click, C., Tene, G. and Wolf, M.: The Pauseless GC Algorithm, Proc. 1st ACM/USENIX Int l Conf. on Virtual Execution Environments (VEE 05), pp (2005). [9] Binkert, N., Beckmann, B., Black, G., Reinhardt, S. K., Saidi, A., Basu, A., Hestness, J., Hower, D. R., Krishna, T., Sardashti, S., Sen, R., Sewell, K., Shoaib, M., Vaish, N., Hill, M. D. and Wood, D. A.: The gem5 Simulator, ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News, Vol. 39, pp. 1 7 (2011). [10] Boehm, H.: An Artificial Garbage Collection Benchmark, Boehm/ gc/gc bench.html. [11] Fujita, S.: Ambient Occlusion Benchmark, [12] SPEC.: SPECjvm2008 benchmarks, (2008). c 2016 Information Processing Society of Japan 9

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