Vol. 47 No. 8 Aug. 2006,,, 1 1 Unknown Virus Analysis Support System UsingCodeLoadedonMemory Sachihiro Ichikawa,, Ryoichi Isawa,, Yoshiaki Shiraishi,
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1 Vol. 47 No. 8 Aug. 2006,,, 1 1 Unknown Virus Analysis Support System UsingCodeLoadedonMemory Sachihiro Ichikawa,, Ryoichi Isawa,, Yoshiaki Shiraishi, and Masakatu Morii This paper presents a design and implementation of automatic virus analysis support system. It is expected that not a binary or disassemble code but a suspicious code expanded on memory is helpful for automating of virus analysis. We take the following approach: 1) execution of a doubtful code on a virtual environment; 2) dumping the object code on memory; 3) disassemble of the dumped code; 4) analysis of the assembly code. By the above approach, we realize a system for supporting computer virus analysis. Although it has been difficult to automate analysis, the system can automatically output a result as same as the technical details of security response issued by anti-virus vendor. In addition, the system can analysis of new virus including one with a difficult analysis. 1. Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokushima School of Science and Engineering, Kinki University Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University Presently with Information Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Presently with Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University Presently with Nagoya Institute of Technology 1) 2) DoS Denial of Service bot 3),4) 2524
2 Vol. 47 No zero-day attack OS zero-hour attack 1 1 5) 1 1 6) 7) JMP Windows API ASCII 2. suspicious code / 1) ASCII Windows API/DLL UPX 2) 1 3) 1) strings ASCII 2) 2) IDA 8) 1 Netsky 1
3 2526 Aug ) 1) Windows API ASCII / 2) / Windows API VMware 9) VMware VMware OS Windows 4Gbyte Windows API Windows API Windows API Windows API Windows API ( 1 ) Windows API (2) API Windows API API API Windows API Windows API CALL CALL Windows API CALL Windows API CALL Windows API Windows API CALL CALL 1 step1 CALL step2 1 RET
4 Vol. 47 No CALL Fig. 1 Logic transform at jump somewhere in other subroutine by call instruction. 2 Fig. 2 Logic transform at jump somewhere in same subroutine for conditional branch. CALL step1 step2 CALL JMP CALL JMP JZ a c JNZ a67 JNB 00404a7d 00404a a7b 00404a7b JMP 00404a65 3 Fig. 3 Logic transform at jump somewhere in same subroutine for loop. JMP JMP CALL f1f JMP f1f JMP
5 2528 Aug Fig. 4 Logic transform at jump somewhere in other subroutine by jump instruction. 5 Fig. 5 DB Windows API Getting name of Windows API from ImageBase and offsetaddress by function DB. gopenkeya API b2 RET RET f1f Windows API Windows API API Windows API DLL Windows API DLL DLL API (1) DLL ImageBase (2) API offsetaddress DLL ImageBase DLL API ImageBase offsetaddress 10) API API DLL ImageBase offsetaddress ADVAPI32.DLL ImageBase DLL RegOpenKeyA API offsetaddress 00655b2 Re- DLL API ImageBase offsetaddress API DB 5 DB Windows API Windows API Windows API 3.3 Windows API db db Windows API Windows API Windows API API
6 Vol. 47 No Windows API db ASCII db db Windows API Windows API 00402d08 mov esi,dword d68 call dword c c0 077e5e4c1 GetAtomName dd 00408ae ae0 db dolly_buster.jpg.pif, c0 dd 077e5e4c DB Windows API c0 GetAtomName 00408ae0 dolly buster.jpg.pif 00408ae dd d d68 call Windows API GetAtomName API Windows API Windows API Fig. 6 Flow of the proposed system. 6 step1 step2 step3 step2 step4 step2 3.1 step2-1 CreateToolhelp32Snapshot Windows API step2-2 PROCESSENTRY32 step2-3 Process32First 1 ID NULL Process32Next ID ID 2 1 ID IDA 8)
7 2530 Aug Table 1 Example of database for annotation. Windows API SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion Run SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion RunServices MIME-Version: From To RegSetValueEx RegQueryValueEx RegEnumKey RegCreateKeyEx CreateFile CopyFile DeleteFile GetWindowsDirectory GetSystemDirectory WriteFile GetTickCount CreateMutex CreateFileMapping GetTempFileName CreateCompatibleDC WritePrivateProfileString WinExec CreateWindowEx RegisterServiceCtrlHandler InternetGetConnectedState DnsQuery GetNetworkParams SMTP Windows Windows Windows MX MX step Windows API step3-1 DB step3-2 step3-3 Windows API Windows API API step3-4 step3-5 Windows API DB Windows API step3-1 DB Dependency Walker 11) DLL ImageBase API offsetaddress step step3-3 Windows API JMP step4 HTML ( 1 ) Windows API (a) API (b) API (c) API
8 Vol. 47 No (d) API (2) (a) (b) (c) Windows API 1 Windows API 1 Windows API (1) - (c)(1) - (b) (1) - (c) (1) - (b) Windows API W32.Welchia.Worm W32.Netsky.B@mm W32.Netsky.P@mm W32.Yaha.B@mm W32.Beagle.H@mm W32.KwbotF.Worm 20 W32. Mydoom.A@mm Backdoor.SubSeven CALL JMP JMP 1 CALL JMP Table 2 2 Specification of hardware and software. OS Windows2000 Professional CPU Pentium4 3 GHz Memory 512 Mbyte 160 Mbyte HD Ultra160 SCSI VMware Workstation4.0 OS Windows2000 Professional 160 Mbyte Memory 7 W32.Netsky.B@mm Fig. 7 A part of output of W32.Netsky.B@mm about registry. W32.Netsky.B@mm W32.Netsky.B bill.exe bill.exe SMTP SMTP Windows API Windows API
9 2532 Aug Table 3 An example of output from the proposed system. API RegQueryValueExA API API API efc SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion RunServices system a d9c 8 W32.Netsky.B@mm Fig. 8 A part of output of W32.Netsky.B@mm about file operation. Windows API 3 7 Windows API 8 9 W32.Netsky.B@mm SMTP Fig. 9 A part of output of W32.Netsky.B@mm about SMTP. 6. Windows API
10 Vol. 47 No Windows API Rabek 12) Rabek Windows API Windows API 13) Windows API W32.Welchia.Worm KDDI KDDI 1) 13 (2001). whitepaper/ja/h13/html/d htm 2) 2004 (2005). documents/2004all-vir.pdf 3) IP 2005 (2005). 4) Hayasi, K: Open Malicious Source, AVAR Conference 2004 (2004). org/2004web/avar2004/pc01.htm 5) 2005 pp (2005). 6) ITmedia Level3? (2004). enterprise/articles/0410/04/news075.html 7) Symantec 8) DataRescure IDA Pro Disassembler and Debugger. 9) Networld, VMware. co.jp/products/vmware/ 10) MSDN Online Japan. com/japan/msdn/default.asp 11) Steve P. Miller, Dependency Walker. 12) Rabek, J.C., Khazan, R.I., Kewandowski, S.M. and Cunningham, R.K.: Detection of Injected, Dynamically Generated, and Obfuscated Malicious Code, Proc. the 2003 ACM Workshop on Rapid Malcode (WORM 03 ), pp (2003). 13) Symantec: Understanding Heuristics: Symantec s Bloodhound Technology. symantec.com/avcenter/reference/heuristc.pdf ( ) ( )
11 2534 Aug SCIS SCIS IEEE IEEE
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