第42巻第４号【研究】湾岸首長諸国の経済開発戦略

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1 UAE United Arab Emirates, UAE 4 4 UAE UAE 1) 1)

2 UAE UAE Abu Dhabi Dubai Sharjah Ajman Umm Al Qaiwain Ras Al Khaimah Fujairah ) 4 UAE UAE UAE GDP UAE GDP 6 UAE UAE 2) UAE UAE 1996

3 % % % % UAK 4.9 1% RAK % % % UAK RAK UAE Central Bank, Annual Report 2001, p.19. GDP 2000 GDP DH % % % % UAQ % RAK % % % UAK RAK 1 (DH) $3.67 UAE Ministry of Planning ( UAE UAE R/P ratio 100 3) UAE 9 1 3) BP Statistical Review of World Energy R/P ratio 100 UAE 92

4 UAE % R/P ratio 逢 3.9% % 21 10% 398 逢 261 EIU OPEC BP BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2001, OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2001, EIU Country Profile 2001 United Arab Emirates. GDP 1997 RAK UAE Tawfik Al Sadik, Ali, Evolution and Performance of the UAE Economy , In Al Abed, Ibrahim and Peter Hellyer eds., United Arab Emirates a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001, p , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Abu Dhabi Chamber of Commerce & Industry ( ) 4 UAE GDP GDP 5 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, OPEC

5 ) UAE 5) Iraq Petroleum Company, IPC BP Shell Total Exxon Mobil Petroleum Development Company Trucial Coast 6) 75 Concession 7) D Arcy Oil Company 2 BP Abu Dhabi Marine Areas, ADMA 1958 ADMA Umm Shaif Bab 1962 UAE Bu Hasa Abu Dhabi Petroleum Company, ADPC 1971 UAE Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, ADNOC ADPC ADMA 25 ADNOC 1973 ADPC ADMA 60 1 Production Sharing Contract 40 4) ) Butt, Gerald, Oil and Gas in the UAE, In Al Abed, Ibrahim and Peter Hellyer eds., United Arab Emirates a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001, pp UAE ) )

6 ADMA Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Company, ADMA-OPCO 1978 ADPC Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Corporation, ADCO ADMA-OPCO ADCO Umm al-nar 1981 Ruwais ADNOC 1999 ADNOC ADNOC Abu Dhabi Oil Refining Company, TAKREER ADNOC 8) 1988 Supreme Petroleum Council, SPC Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan ADNOC UAE 1977 OPEC Abu Dhabi Gas Liquefaction Company, ADGAS Abu Dhabi Gas Industries Ltd, GASCO 2 ADGAS 1977 Das liquefied natural gas, LNG LNG liquefied petroleum gas, LPG 9) LNG GASCO ) 1967 OPEC OPEC UAE 9) LP

7 79 UAE DH DH 5

8 Mubarak ) 1972 Sharjah Department of Petroleum and Minerals 1999 Sheikh Sultan bin Muhanmadal Qasimi Sharjah Petroleum Council 11) UAE UAE ) DH DH Sharjah Chamber of Commerce & Industry ( ( ) 10) 11) Butt, op.cit., p ) Gulf News (Web Edition), October 15, 2001.

9 UAE 挨 ) 1931 Standard Oil Co. California awali Bahrain Petroleum Co., BAPCO Sampson, Anthony 20 14) 8 15) 13) % % 14) Sampson, Anthony, The Seven Sisters: The Great Oil Companies and the World They Made, Hodder and Stoughton, ) OPEC Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries, OAPEC

10 逢逢 , OAPEC Annual Statistical Report 2002 GDP 2000 GDP GDP (BD) BD GDP 8.3 BD 21.6 BD GDP BD % 8, % 3, % % 1, % 2, % % 2, % 2, % 6, % ( 1, %) ( 3, %) ( 1, %) 1BD $2.66 Bahrain Ministry of Finance & National Economy ( ( ) GDP

11 Aluminium Bahrain, ALBA ) 10 GDP 3 17) ALBA Dubai Aluminium, DUBAL UAE 18) Rashid 1975 OBU Bahrain Aluminium Extrusion (BALEXCO) Bahrain Government ( ( ) 16) Owen, Roger, and Pamuk, Sevket, A History of Middle East Economies in the Twentieth Century, I.B.Tauris, 1998, pp ) MEED, May 30, 2003, p ) UAE 1128 BD BD 28

12 BD 1,6546 1, , ,3161 2, , , ,1477 9, IT OBU OBU GDP 挨 Petroleum Development Qatar Limited 1939 Dukhan Umm Said 1953 BP Qatar Petroleum Company, QPC

13 R/P ratio 逢 9.3 R/P ratio 逢 BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2002, OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2001, OAPEC Annual Statistical Report Shell Companies Qatar, SCQ 19) 1974 Qatar General Petroleum Corporation, QGPC 1974 QPC SCQ QPC 1977 SCQ QGPC 2001 Qatar Petroleum, QP North Field ) Qatar Liquefied Gas Company, Qatargas RasGas 2 LNG QP LNG QP 19) El Mallakh, Ragaei, Qatar : Energy & Development, Croom Helm, 1985, pp ) Dew, Philip, Oil, Gas and Petrochemicals, In Dew, Philip ed., Doing Business with Qatar, Kogan Page, 2002, p.12.

14 挨 Petroleum Concessions Oman Ltd Dhofar Sultan Said Bin Taymur 1970 Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said Petroleum Development Oman, PDO 9 34 PDO 圧 70 逢逢 PDO 21) GDP 49 GDP 8 22) LNG 21) MEED, May 2, 2003, pp ) 2000 GDP RO GDP RO RO RO Central Bank of Oman, Annual Report 2002, p.12.

15 R/P ratio R/P ratio 逢逢 BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2002, OAPEC Annual Statistical Report UAE UAE 3 UAE ) UAE 23) Allen, Calvin H., and Rigsbee, W. Lynn, Oman Under Qaboos: From Coup to Constitution , Frank Cass, 2000, p.122.

16 Jebeel Ali Free Zone, JAFZ JAFZ Jubail Yanbu UAE UAE JAFZ DAFZ DIC DMC DIFC SAIF RAH RAH UAQ RAH UAQ

17 89 UAE 1985 JAFZ 1987 UAE Ahmad Bin Rashid JAFZ 24) Hamriyah ISO ) 7 SAIF SAIF 600 IT 4000m m 2 Lufthansa Cargo Singapore Airlines Cargo 26) 24) ) Gulf News (Web Edition), August 12, ) WOW

18 UAE 1996 Saadiyat 1 27) JAFZ JAFZ UAE 1990 Dubai International Financial Center, DIFC 28) UAE UAE GCC Shuwaikh 1999 JAFZ Mina Salman ALBA 1 27) )

19 91 29) 2001 Hawar Hidd Salalah Raysut Salalah Port Services, SPS Hillwood 60 SPS ) ) MEED, September 13, ) Gulf News (Web Edition), February 6, 2003.

20 Sohar 31) GCC Aden BOT Built, Operate, Transfer PSA 49 32) 1993 Kish Qeshm Chabahar 3 UAE ) MEED, May 2, 2003, p )

21 93 33) 1985 JAFZ UAE Umm Qasr JAFZ UAE 3 2 JAFZ 33)

22 ) IT DIFC OBU 10 Bahrain Financial Harbour, BFH BFH 2 50 DIFC BFH Gulf Financial House Esam Yousif Janahi CEO 35) DIFC Husain al-qamzi 36) BFH DIFC 37) 38) BFH 34) ) MEED, October 11, 2002, p.8. 36) MEES, October 14, 2002, p.b8. 37) )

23 95 DIFC MICE 39) KLM 1950 Gulf Aviation Company BOAC British Overseas Aircraft Corporation BOAC Gulf Air 1985 Emirates ) (Meeting) (Incentive) (Conference) (Exhibition)

24 ) Qatar Airways 3 41) Gulf Traveller 2003 Star Alliance One World ) 1993 Oman Air code share 40) MEED, June 21, 2002, p.4. 41) 42) MEED, July 12, 2002, pp.6-8. A380 2

25 97 FFP Frequent Flyers Program 43) UAE Air Arabia 44) A380 A UAE UAE UAE MICE 43) 44) Gulf News (Web Edition), February 5, 2003.

26 (%) na -0na na -0na na -0na UAE na MEED, August 2, 2002, p.5. MICE UAE UAE 30 1 Dubai Shopping Festival Sharjah Mega Sale GCC UAE MICE UAE 1986 King

27 99 Fahad Causeway OBU 5 15 UAE 9 GCC MICE BFH F Qatar National Hotels, QNH MICE 7 The Rits Carlton Four Seasons Hotels and Resorts MICE 2001

28 WTO 45) 46) 2006 GCC6 UNESCO 47) 1970 MICE ) MacKenzie, Gordon, Tourism, Trade Fairs, Exhibitions and Conferences, In Dew, op.cit., p ) ) 4

29 101 LNG 48) LNG UAE Dolphin 1999 UAE UAE UAE Offset Group, UOG QP UAE 3, Dolphin Energy Ras Laffan 350 Tawwlah UAE UAE 48) QP

30 UAE 49) 21 3 LNG UAE 21 49) MEED, January 18, 2002, p.13.

31 103 50) 1 50) Financial Times, March 18, 2003.

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untitled 2009 4 GCC 2000 2000 2006 GDP 65 60 70 78 82 115 2008 1970 2000 1 2 3 4 1 1. UAE UAE 7 [2003] UAE 1985 2000 UAE GDP GDP 2000 76.1 2006 62.7 1980 2000 2004 1 UAE 2000 15.5 2006 12.3 GDP 2000 2001 2002 2003