和文タイトル

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1 : Intentionality in Information Access Behavior: A Spoken Dialogue System for Interactive Access to News Articles 1 2, Yoshihiko Hayashi 1 Shinya Fujie 2,1 Ishin Fukuoka 1 Hiroaki Takatsu 1 Tetsunori Kobayashi Waseda University 2 Chiba Institute of Technology Abstract: Passive information consumption would an adequate type of information behavior for receiving the content of, for example, a news article. It may however be boring in many cases and even painful in some cases, especially when the information content is delivered by employing speech media. The user of a speech-based information delivery system, for example a text-to-speech system, usually cannot interrupt the ongoing information flow, inhibiting her/him to confirm some part of the content, or to pose an inquiry for further information seeking. We thus argue that spoken dialogue is a suitable media for enabling interactive information access that coordinate passive information consumption and active information seeking. This paper shows that a carefully designed spoken dialog system could remedy these undesirable situations, and further enables an enjoyable conversation with the users. The key technologies to realize such an attractive speech-based interactive information access system are: (1) pre-compilation of a dialog plan based on the analysis of a source content, and (2) the dynamic recognition of user s state of understanding and interests during the course of conversation. This paper illustrates technical views to implement these functionalities, and discusses a dialog example to exemplify our approach. 1 (information behavior) (information acquisition) (intentional information seeking) (unintentional passive information behaviors) [1] [3] (information retrieval) (information access) (information encountering) : F yshk.hayashi@aoni.waseda.jp [2] ()

2 S_1: U_1: S_2: U_2: S_3: U_3:... S_4:... 1: S n: U n: 1 (U 1=, U 2= ) ( ) (U 3= ) (S 4) [17] 2 Erdelez [2] 2 (Opportunistic Acquisition of Information: OAI) (information encountering) Erdelez (1) (noticing); (2) (stopping); (3) (examining); (4) (captur- 2: Erdelez ([2] ). 3: Erdelez foreground interest background interest ([2] ). ing); (5) (returning) ( 3) / (foreground interest) (background interest) foreground background ( ) foreground 1 1 U 3 1 ( ) ()

3 (... ) 3 noticing foreground background 3 Erdelez 1 (... ) background foreground : : ( ) : ( ) : 3.2 ( ) ATR-Trek Open JTalk

4 インターネット発話計画 DB 元記事ユーザ音声音声認識器認識結果対話制御部構造解析部解析結果システム音声音声合成器発話文計画生成部対話システム事前処理 4: 5 U i,j S i,j U i,j 2 (ACK) (NACK) U 2,0 /S 2,0 U 2,1 /S 2,1 U 1,0 /S 1,0 U 1,1 /S 1,1 U 1,2 /S 1,2 U 3,0 /S 3,0 U 3,1 /S 3,1 ε /S 0,0 U 0,1 /S 0,1 U 0,2 /S 0,2 初期状態終了状態 5: U i,j S i,j ϵ (ACK ) S i,j U 0,1 U 0,2 ( 0.6 ) ( U 3,0 ) (S 0,1 S 1,2 ) (S 3,0 )

5 6: 3.4 ( ) : Juman 4 KNP : NHK NEWSWEB ソチオリンピックフィギュアスケート男子の金メダリスト羽生結弦選手が腰の痛みの今シーズンのため初戦として来月フィンランドで出場を予定していた欠場することになりました 7: 6 国際大会を [15] [18] [17] :

6 肯定 / その羽生が国際大会を欠場することになったよ否定 / 欠場するんだ, 腰の痛みのためだって否定 / ソチオリンピックフィギュアスケート男子の金メダリストだよ肯定 / それで ε / 羽生結弦選手が肯定 / 国際大会を欠場することになったよ肯定 / それで 8: [9] ( ) ( ACK) S: [] U: [ ] S: [] U: [ ] S: [] U: [ ] S: [] U: [ ] S: [] U: [ ] S: [] S: [] U: [ ] S: [] U: [ ] S: [] U: [ ] 9: S: U: () ( NACK) (background ) ()

7 5 ( ) [8, 10, 14] [19, 11, 12] [7, 20] ( ) [16, 4, 6] 6 : [5] : : [13]

8 7 [1] D.O. Case: Looking for Information, A Survey of Research on Information Seeking, Needs, and Behavior, Second Edition, Academic Press (2007) [2] S. Erdelez: Information encountering, In [3], pp , (2005) [3] K.E. Fisher, S. Erdelez, and L.E.F. EmKechinie (Eds), Theories of Information Behavior, Information Today, Inc. (2005) [4] S. Fujie, R. Miyake, and T. Kobayashi: Spoken dialogue system using recognition of user s feedback for rhythmic dialogue, Proc. Int. Conf. Speech Prosody, OS2-4 (2006) [5] K. Iwata and T. Kobayashi: Speaker s intentions conveyed to listeners by sentence-final particles and their intonations in Japanese conversational speech, IEEE Int. Conf. Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, pp (2013) [6] T. Kobayashi and S. Fujie: Conversational Robots: An Approach to conversation protocol issues that utilizes the paralinguistic information available in a robot-human setting, Acoust.Sci. & Tech., Vol. 34, No. 2, pp (2013) [7] Y. C. Pan H. Y. Lee L. S. Lee: Interactive spoken document retrieval with suggested key terms ranked by a Markov decision process IEEE Trans. Audio Speech and Language Processing, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp (2012) [8] S. Seneff, J. Polifroni: Dialogue management in the Mercury flight reservation system, Proc ANLP/NAACL Workshop on Conversational systems, Vol. 3, pp (2000) [9] : (D-II) Vol. J79-D-II No. 9 pp (1996) [10] : SLP pp (2003) [11] : Vol. 41 No. 6 pp (2000) [12] : (A) Vol. J95-A No. 1 pp (2012) [13] (2015) [14] : Vol. 46 pp (2006) [15] : CRF pp (2008) [16] : / (D-II) Vol. J88-D-II No. 3 pp (2005) [17] : 74 SIG-SLUD-B (2015) [18] : Vol. 17 No. 3 pp (2002) [19] : Vol. 48 No. 12 pp (2007) [20] : Vol. 70 pp (2014)

1 1 tf-idf tf-idf i

14 A Method of Article Retrieval Utilizing Characteristics in Newspaper Articles 1055104 2003 1 31 1 1 tf-idf tf-idf i Abstract A Method of Article Retrieval Utilizing Characteristics in Newspaper Articles