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1 MOLD Whitepaper The Decentralized Game Platform for The Next Generation MOLD Team May 1st 2018 Edition 1.0 MOLD MOLD chain MOLD MOLD P2P 1

2 Our Vision moldcoin MOLD MOLD MOLD Design Goals Ethereum TPS Token Model MOLD Function Block Structure Consensus Algorithms validator Molca A 26 B MOLD 26 C UTXO vs Account-Base 27 C.1 UTXO C.2 Account

3 Glossaries MOLD : All the system of game platform including MOLDchain MOLD chain : Blockchain which is governed by distributed Community moldcoin : Unit of game tokens circulating within Community : All the network members of MOLD User : A network member of MOLD Player : A gamer plays on MOLD item-token : The token which represents the ownership of an item BFT : Byzantine Fault Tolerant PoI : Proof of Importance PoS : Proof of Stake PoW : Proof of Work validator : Those who confirm transaction data participant :Those who using MOLD network speaker : the person selected by random to distribute transaction data view : The one turn to generate one block 3

4 1 1.1 Our Vision MOLD RMT VR MOLD MOLD MOLD P2P 1.2 MOLD MOLD A developer player whitepaper MOLD team 4

5 1.3 moldcoin moldcoin MOLD Ethereum ERC20 moldcoin(erc20) moldcoin(erc20) moldcoin moldcoin(erc20) moldcoin 1moldcoin(ERC20) 1moldcoin 5

6 2 2.1 MOBA(Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) FPS(First Person Shooter) RPG(Role-Playing Game) MMO(Massively Multiplayer Online) PC VR % ( 29% ) e ( 30% ) AI AR VR 2.2 RMT(Real Money Trading) RMT MOLD RMT MOLD 6

7 RMT Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System [1] Bitcoin Bitcoin CPU Ethereum Foundation Open-source Ethereum[2] Bitcoin Ethereum Timestanp P2P P2P Ethereum Ripple Bitcoin Bitcoin Bitcoin Ethereum The DAO 7

8 8

9 3 MOLD 3.1 MOLD ( 4 ) MOLD MOLDEX( 4 ) MOLD moldcoin Game A Game A moldcoin Game B moldcoin RMT MOLD MOLD Game A 3.2 MOLD 30 50% 1% MOLD 0% ( B) MOLD MOLD ICO 4 MOLD SDK 4 9

10 3.3 e-sports virtual E-sports AI MOLD 10

11 4 MOLD 4.1 Design Goals MOLD MOLD MOLDchain Virtual MOLD finality MOLD 4.2 Ethereum TPS Ethereum Bitcoin Ethereum 11

12 UTXO(Unspent Transaction Output) Bitcoin Ethereum ( C) EOA(Externally Owned Accounts) Contract Account Ethereum Ethereum Ethereum Ethereum Ethereum TPS(Transaction per Second) Bitcoin 7 8 Ethereum The DAO Ethereum MOLD 4.3 Token Model MOLD platform MOLD moldcoin moldcoin MOLD platform DEX moldcoin Game A Game A moldcoin Game B moldcoin (Gas) moldcoin moldcoin SDK moldcoin moldcoin 12

13 moldcoin MOLD Ethereum ERC20 moldcoin(erc20) moldcoin(erc20) moldcoin moldcoin(erc20) 25 MLD 3 MLD moldcoin(erc20) (0x52E30201f31283dc5F7928b F604416) moldcoin(erc20) moldcoin 1moldcoin(ERC20) 1moldcoin moldcoin MOLD 4.4 MOLD Function Wallet and Account MOLD Wallet ID mold wallet MOLD moldcoin wallet moldcoin mold wallet MOLDEX MOLD mold wallet wallet MOLD ID MOLD ID wallet wallet moldcoin wallet MOLD ID wallet Game wallet MOLD ID wallet wallet or wallet SDK mold chain mold wallet mold wallet 13

14 mold wallet Tokenization Fundible( ) Non-Fundible( ) Ethereum ERC-20 Fundible Molca 1 Molna 1 Level Non-Fundible Ethereum ERC-721 Molca 1 Molna 1 MOLD MOLDEX ( MOLD SDK MOLDEX and MOLD Auction Centralized Exchange DDoS Decentralized Exchainge 14

15 Centralized Exchange MOLD 3 MOLDEX MOLDEX moldcoin MOLD Molca game A Game B Game B moldcoin MOLDEX virtual MOLDEX Bancor protcol[3] DEX MOLD Auction Player MOLD game A Game B game A gameb MOLD gameb GameA gameb GameA 15

16 4.4.5 MOLD ICO MMORPG mobile MOLD ICO(Initial Coin Offering) ICO ICO moldcoin X% moldcoin ICO ICO MOLD MOLD MOLD ICO ( 1) (I) MOLD ICO moldcoin (II)Game Developers MOLD ICO moldcoin (III)Users (IV) inverstors (V)(IV) Game Developer MOLD ICO trustless MOLD ICO 16

17 1 MOLD ICO System ICO MOLD SDK MOLD SDK Unity Unreal Engine SDK MOLD 30 70% MOLD SDK SDK C# Java 17

18 4.5 Block Structure Ethererum[4] のブロック構造を参考にして MOLD ブロックチェーン上でのブロックは ブロッ クヘッダーとして知られる情報の集合体 H とトランザクション T によって構成される ブロックヘッ ダーには以下の図のようないくつかの情報が格納されている PreviousHash 一つ前のブロックヘッダーのハッシュ値 Txs Root transactions tree の root node のハッシュ値 StateRoot state tree の root node のハッシュ値 RecepiptsRoot recepipts tree の root node のハッシュ値 TimeStamp ブロック生成時における適切な UNIX 時間 Height Genesis ブロックを 0 とした時のブロック数 Nonce 64bit の任意の文字列 NextMiner 次の miner のコントラクトアドレスブロックフッター Transactions トランザクションリスト 図2 MOLD Block Structure 18

19 moldcoin itemtoken MOLD Moldcoin bitcoin UTXO UTXO UTXO SHA256 Txs Root Txs Root item-token Token Account State Account item-token Account State Mackle Patricia Tree hash State Hash Contract Account item-token 4.6 Consensus Algorithms Design Goal PoW Difficulty 51% PoW PoS coin age PoW PoS Nothing at Stake BFT BFT[5] PoW PoS PoW PoS validator 19

20 PoW NEO dbft Linux Foundation Hyperledger Fabric PBFT DBF validator validator validator validator validator validator pool deposit moldcoin [ ] Byzantine Fault Tolerance N f = (n-1)/3 (n-1)/3 P2P MOLD consensus algolism validator node[validator ] pool N validator moldcoin deposit bookkeeping validator validator 0 n-i epoch epoch validator validator node pool MOLD node Validator MOLD wallet moldcoin moldcoin mold rank mold rank wallet moldcoin validator validator node pool node pool node rankking noden validator

21 図3 BFT Block Generating Algolism 擬似乱数関数によって validator を 0 から n-1 番目まで番号づけをする (I)participants は 送信者署名つきのトランザクションデータをネットワーク全体に配信する全て の validator は そのデータを各々のメモリに格納する (II) 擬似乱数で 0 番目を割り振られた validator は speaker として Pre-prepareRequest を送信す る (III)validator は 他の validator が正しくトランザクションデータを受信できたことを確認するた めに Prepare を送信 (IV)validator は ブロック内のデータを検証し 有効な場合のみ Commit を全ての validator に送 信し validator 内で 少なくとも n-f のコンセンサスに達した時点で 新しいブロックが生成される (V)validator による署名が行われ ブロックはチェーンに繋がれる speaker の役割が擬似乱数で 1 番目の validator に交代し 1epoch が終了するまで (I) (V) の手順 を繰り返す epoch 内では N 人の validator は少なくとも一回は speaker になる機会があるが speaker が正常に作動しない場合は view が変更され 次の speaker が新たに選出される validator 内で 違法なトランザクションが見つかると validator は Change View を送信する n-f のコンセンサスに達成しなかった場合 擬似乱数で決められた次の番号の validator が speaker の役割 を果たす 21

22 participants validator 4.7 validator validator deposit moldcoin validator deposit MOLD Validator validator deposit burn moldcoin validator validator 5 Molca Molca Project MOLD Molca Molca MOLD project MOLD Virtual YouTuber MOLD MOLD 22

23 図4 MOLD Official Character Molca

24 6 P2P(Peer to Peer) IoT 2017 ICO ICO trustless permissionless token product bottom-to-top top-to-bottom token product pruduct MOLD MOLD MOLDEX MOLD ICO SDK MOLD moldcoin MOLD token MOLD 24

25 e- MOLD MOLD: For all the games enthusiasts [1] Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-peer Electronic Cash System. October 2008 [2] Ethereum. [3] Eyal Hertzog. Bancor Protocol Continuous Liquidity for Cryptographic Tokens through their Smart Contracts [4] DR. GAVIN WOOD. ETHEREUM: A SECURE DECENTRALISED GENERALISED TRANSACTION LEDGER BYZANTIUM VERSION April [5] Castro M, Liskov B. Practical Byzantine fault tolerance [6] SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMISSION, July 25, 2017 Report of Investigation Pursuant to Section 21(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: The DAO [7] Hyper Ledger 25

26 A (Decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) 67% MOLD 0% MOLD chain B MOLD MOLD 0% MOLD MOLD MOLD platform MOLD 2016 Ethereum The DAO The DAO SEC The DAO [6] 26

27 C UTXO vs Account-Base Bitcoin UTXOs (Unspent Transaction outputs) UTXO (then) UTXOs UTXOs UTXO Bitcoin Hyperledger UTXOs [7] We are also switching from our simplistic notion of accounts and balances to adopt to de facto standard of the Bitcoin UTXO model, lightly modified. While Hyperledger does not use Bitcoin in any way, the Bitcoin system is still extremely large and innovative, with hundreds of millions of dollars invested. By adopting the Bitcoin transaction model as standard, users of Hyperledger will benefit from innovation in Bitcoin and vice versa, as well as making Hyperledger more interoperable. Bitcoin UTXOs Ethereum 27

28 UTXOs Account UTXOs Account C.1 UTXO UTXOs UTXOs Account UTXOs UTXOs Account UTXO boolean Ethereum The DAO C.2 Account UTXOs UTSOs UTXOs Account 28

29 Account UTXO 29

30 MOLD MOLD edition 1.0 MOLD webpage 1. moldcoin moldcoin ETH ETH ETH moldcoin 1 2. moldcoin 3. MOLD moldcoin MOLD 4. MOLD moldcoin MOLD moldcoin MOLD moldcoin 30

31 5. MOLD MOLD MOLD moldcoin MOLD 6. Sybil MOLD moldcoin 7. MOLD moldcoin 8. MOLD moldcoin MOLD moldcoin 9. MOLD F.D.I.C. 10. MOLD Bitcoin Ether moldcoin MOLD 11. MOLD MOLD moldcoin 31

32 12. MOLD 32

ブロックチェーン技術入門 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行当時のものです.

ブロックチェーン技術入門 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます.   このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行当時のものです. ブロックチェーン技術入門 サンプルページ この本の定価 判型などは, 以下の URL からご覧いただけます. http://www.morikita.co.jp/books/mid/087171 このサンプルページの内容は, 初版 1 刷発行当時のものです. i 2015 12 1 2008 The Cryptography Mailing List 2 Mastering Bitcoin 3 1

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