LED LED LED 2. 平坦度計の要求仕様 ε λ Fig.1 h L S ε λ Fig.2 ε CENT ε EDGE ε CENT ε EDGE ε EDGE ε CENT Table mm m/s DS_E WS_E CENT

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1 20 論文鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No. 1 LED ドットパターン投影法による熱延鋼板平坦度計の開発 Development of Shape Meter Employing LED Dot Pattern Projection Method for Hot Strip Finishing Mill Yoshito Isei, Tomoya Kato, Masahiro Osugi and Takeshi Ohta Synopsis : In recent years, in order to improve the fuel efficiency of automobiles by reducing their weight with maintaining strength, the thinner thickness and higher strength steel sheets tends to be used as their construction materials. For stable and accurate production of these sheets, it is very important for these to be flattened at hot strip rolling process. Therefore, to realize accurate AFC (Automatic Flatness Control), a new shape meter which employed LED dot pattern projection method was developed. This is consist of LED dot pattern projector which can project the staggered periodic dot pattern, formed of 1200 power LED chips, on the rolled strip and area camera which captures the image of projected pattern. Then, instantaneous strip flatness is measured by analyzing the pattern pitch correlative with inclination angle. The shape meter was installed at the hot strip finishing mill exit and evaluated its measurement accuracy and stability. As a result, its inclination angle measurement error was within 0.45 degrees (two sigma) by comparing with the set angle of standard target and the measured flatness of rolling strip was consistent with the visually observed one. Its measurement success rate per entire coil was exceeded above 98.5%. These results indicated that the developed shape meter would be able to apply to the AFC. In addition, applying the measured flatness to the AFC of the work roll bender and leveling, it was confirmed that the strip flatness was improved in a short time. Key words: LED; shape meter; automatic flatness control; hot strip finishing mill; dot pattern projection. 1. 緒言 ,4 5 AFC Automatic Flatness Control 6, , J-STAGE ReceivedonJun.25,2018;AcceptedonAug.2,2018;J-STAGEAdvancepublished onoct.16, R&DLaboratories,NipponSteel&SumitomoMetalCorporation,20-1ShintomiFuttsuChiba KashimaWorks,NipponSteel&SumitomoMetalCorporation Correspondingauthor: isei.3bf.yoshito@jp.nssmc.com DOI: 20

2 LED LED LED 2. 平坦度計の要求仕様 ε λ Fig.1 h L S ε λ Fig.2 ε CENT ε EDGE ε CENT ε EDGE ε EDGE ε CENT Table mm m/s DS_E WS_E CENT DS_Q WS_Q 5 AFC 4 ε CENT ε k k DS_E WS_E DS_Q WS_Q ε k 5 Table 1. Required specification of shape meter Item Installation place Strip width Strip velocity Required specification Exit of hot strip finishing mill 650 ~ 1650 mm Strip temperature 700 ~ 950ºC Steepness measuring point Max mpm (25 m/s) 4 Width direction 5 points (WS edge, WS quarter, Center, DS quarter, DS edge) Steepness measuring accuracy 2σ=0.2% for steepness range ±5% Response within 1000 ms 2 ε λ 3 Fig. 1. Definition of steepness and elongation. Fig. 2. Relationship flatness variation with elongation distribution. 21

3 22 鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No % 2σ 0.2% 3. パターン投影方式平坦度計の測定原理 3 1 形状測定の原理 β α Fig.3 x Fig.3 a P x r P x s Fig.3 b Fig.3 c θ x P x s P x 6 r P x r P x s θ x 7 y x 平坦度の算出と測定範囲長 S m L m 1 ε m 3 λ m R L x h L y x 8 dy/dx X R x X R/2 X R/2 S m L m Fig. 3. Principal of pattern projection method. R X λ m Fig mm 2% 1000 mm R X 22

4 LED 23 R L R L/R X λ m,mean /λ Fig.5 L/R 1 L R R 1000 mm 500 mm 1500 mm 1500 mm L/R 1.5 Fig % 0.2% 0 3% 1000 mm R AFC Fig. 4. Influence of measurement position and area length on measured steepness. Fig. 5. Influence of measurement area length on mean measured steepness. 4. LED ドットパターンプロジェクタ 4 1 パワー LEDを用いた平坦度計用プロジェクタの実現 m/s ms 1650 mm 1000 mm LED LED 100 lm/w 13 LED 1 0.5mm mm LED LED 1 1 LED m LED 5 ms LED LED Table

24 鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No. 1 2 LED 4 2 LEDドットパターンプロジェクタの構成 LED Fig.

6W LED 240 LED2 LED LED LED 2 720 W LED LED LED Fig.7 LED 40Hz 8 ms LED 0.3W 100 0.

Effect of intermittent lightning on LED temperature. Table 2.

pattern Captured image and Averaged pixel density distribution collapse in specular

5 24 鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No. 1 2 LED 4 2 LEDドットパターンプロジェクタの構成 LED Fig.6 5 LED LED LED 1650 mm 1000 mm LED 0.6mm 0.6W LED 240 LED2 LED LED LED W LED LED LED Fig.7 LED 40Hz 8 ms LED 0.3W W 50 LED Fig. 6. Configuration of LED dot pattern projector. Fig. 7. Effect of intermittent lightning on LED temperature. Table 2. Comparison of projected pattern Narrow pitch strip Wide pitch stripe Staggered pattern Captured image and Averaged pixel density distribution collapse in specular reflected light Liable to collapse Difficult to collapse Difficult to collapse measurement accuracy High accuracy Low accuracy High accuracy Bright area ratio

LED 25 5. 試験装置構成 5 1 装置構成 LED Fig.8 AFC Fig.9 LED LED 2 2 1 4 β 15 α 25 Fig.10 6 1% 0.8 LED m 1% 0.

11 75 mm 23 2 FFT 512 Fig. 10. Relationship between pitch change ratio and inclination angle. Fig. 8.

6 LED 試験装置構成 5 1 装置構成 LED Fig.8 AFC Fig.9 LED LED β 15 α 25 Fig % 0.8 LED m 1% % fps CCD 2.5 mm/ 4 ms LED 256 PC 平坦度解析処理 Fig mm 23 2 FFT 512 Fig. 10. Relationship between pitch change ratio and inclination angle. Fig. 8. Configuration of automatic flatness control. Fig. 9. Configuration of developed shape meter. Fig. 11. Example of captured image. 25

7 26 鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No. 1 FFT FFT Fig Fig12 Fig.11 CENT Fig.12 a Fig.12 b FFT f S x A x ϕ x A x ϕ x f S x π/2 f H x f H x 14 f S x FFT 0 FFT f S x if H x ϕ x dϕ x /dx 2 π P x s θ x 6 7 P x r Fig.13 Fig.12 CENT Fig.13 a b c OK NG 16 6 ϕ x 15 A x 16 Fig. 12. Extraction of pattern pitch pixel density from captured image. Fig. 13. Calculation of strip shape from pixel density distribution. 26

8 LED 27 NG OK DS WS Fig.12 DS WS 5 1 DS_E WS_E CENT DS_Q WS_Q 5 OK 5 ε 18 Fig.13 c FFT σ σ σ 0.13% 2σ 0.2% LED 0.8 LED 6 2 幅方向照度分布調整の効果 LED 5 Fig.15 Fig.15 a LED Fig.15 b LED LED 40Hz 5 ms LED 91.2W 測定安定性の評価 3 6. 試験結果と考察 6 1 基準角度サンプルを用いた角度測定精度検証 A B A B A B Fig.14 Fig. 14. Comparison measured angle with set angle. 27

28 鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No. 1 Fig. 15. Effect of LED power distribution on captured image. Fig. 16. Evaluation result of measurement stability. Fig. 17.

9 28 鉄と鋼 Tetsu-to-Hagané Vol. 105 (2019) No. 1 Fig. 15. Effect of LED power distribution on captured image. Fig. 16. Evaluation result of measurement stability. Fig. 17. Improvement of strip shape by F7 bender feedback control. Fig % 98.5% 2 1 mm 2 mm mm 1 s 6 4 形状制御への適用 AFC Fig.8 Fig. 18. Improvement of strip shape by F7 leveling feedback control. Fig.17 Fig.18 28

10 LED 結言 LED LED 2σ % % AFC LED 文 1) Y.Isei, T.Honda, K.Kimura, Y.Yakita and Y.Buei: Tetsu-to-Hagané, 90(2004),902. 2) Y.Washikita,Y.Isei,Y.BueiandN.Saito:Tetsu-to-Hagané, 95(2009), 43. 3) T.Honda, C.Uematsu, H.Tachibana, S.Nakagawa, Y.Buei, K.Sakagami, K.Kimura and H.Takahashi: Tetsu-to-Hagané, 96(2010),592. 4) S.Nakagawa, H.Tachibana, T.Honda and C.Uematsu: Trans. Soc. Instrum. Control Eng., 46(2010),463. 5) S.Yanagi,A.Yamaguchi,T.OkunoandM.Kobayashi:Kobe Steel Eng. Rep., 61(2011),No.2,69. 6) R.Takahashi,T.NunokawaandE.Takeda:Tetsu-to-Hagané, 74(1988), ) N.Yamada, M.Kitahara and H.Nikaido: Kawasaki Steel Giho, 31(1999),155. 8) T.Yamane,M.Saito,T.Kikuchi,R.Shimizu,K.UekiandM.Sugiyama: CAMP-ISIJ, 2(1989), ) T.Toyota, A.Ogasawara, T.Matsubara and S.Nakamura: Tetsu-to- Hagané, 70(1984), ) P.Kierkegaard,L.-Å.Classon:Iron Steel Technol.,(2015),No.12,76. 11) K.Matsui, A.Yamamoto and H.Tachibana: Tetsu-to-Hagané, 74(1988), ) M.Degner,H.-C.Mentrup,N.Holzknecht,U.Müller,G.Thiemannand D.Winter:MPT Int.,(1998),No.6,60. 13) LED CQ (2008),9. 14) CQ (2005),171. 献 29

特-3.indd

特-3.indd Development of Automation Technology for Precision Finishing Works Employing a Robot Arm There is demand for the automation of finishing processes that require technical skills in the manufacturing of