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1 ISSN Bulletin of Ibaraki Nature Museum No. 11 November, 2008 茨城県自然博物館研究報告 第 11 号 2008 年 11 月 Bando, Ibaraki, Japan

2 茨城県自然博物館研究報告 第 11 号 , Carcharodon megalodon 63

3 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): 1-5 (2008) 1 * ** *** **** Records of Fabriciana adippe (Denis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Collected or Observed on Mt. Tsukuba and in Lowlands of the Western and Southern Parts of Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Takenari INOUE *, Masaki HISAMATSU **, Yoshikatsu IIJIMA *** and Yuko MIURA **** (Accepted March 27, 2008) Abstract Several records of a nymphalid butterfly, Fabriciana adippe, collected or observed on Mt. Tsukuba and in lowlands of the western and southern parts of Ibaraki Prefecture from 2002 to 2007 are presented. Until the 1960s, this species was occasionally recorded on Mt. Tsukuba, but there was no sighting from the 1970s to 1990s, even though butterfly fauna on this mountain was intensively studied. Recently, the population of the species seems to be increasing gradually on and around Mt. Tsukuba, perhaps due to management (e.g. frequent mowing) of the grassland that might have positively affected its life. Key words: Fabriciana adippe, Lepidoptera, Mt. Tsukuba, grassland, Ibaraki Prefecture. Fabriciana adippedenis and Schiffermüller b; 2002a, b * Tama Forest Science Garden, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Todorimachi, Hachioji, Tokyo , Japan. ** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan *** Ibaraki Prefectural Shimodate Daini Senior High School, 1119 Okazeri, Chikusei, Ibaraki , Japan. **** Ikeda Co., Ltd., Setagaya, Setagaya, Tokyo , Japan.

4 Kitakara and Fujii Kitakara and Fujii , b 2007

5 Kitakara and Fujii Table 1. Collection records of Fabriciana adippe from Mt. Tsukuba area and lowlands of the western and southern parts of Ibaraki Prefecture reported in various publications , exs ,. 3.

6 a Fig. 1. A male Fabriciana adippe visiting a flower of Cirsium japonicum (photographed by T. Inoue on June 8, 2007 at Usui, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture). Viola mandshurica ; pp. 1959I II325 pp pp pp pp

7 5 pp NS a b Kitakara, M. and K. Fujii Biodiversity and community structure of temperate butterfly species within a gradient of human disturbance: an analysis based on the concept of generalist vs. specialist strategies. Researches on Population Ecology, : pp DNA pp a1164 pp. 2002b2112 pp pp pp

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9 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): 7-10 (2008) 7 * * The First Records of Six Hydromedusae Species (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), Collected in the Coastal Area of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan Shinsuke SAITO * and Yojiro SHIBA * (Accepted June 19, 2008) Key words: Hydromedusae, first record, coastal area, Ibaraki Prefecture. Phylum Cnidaria 7,620 Class Hydrozoa 4, ; 1967; 1975; 1985; ; 1991; 1992; 1993; ; 2007 Coryne pusilla Gaertner Hydrissa sodaliststimpson Physalia physalislinnaeus Velella velella Linnaeus Porpita pacifica Lesson * Ibaraki Prefectural Oarai Aquarium Isohamacho, Oaraimachi, Higashiibarakigun, Ibaraki , Japan.

10 8 Anthomedusae Corynidae Sarsia tubulosam. Sars INM , 1ex. Turritopsis nutricula McCrady INM , 1ex. ; INM , 1ex. 1; INM , 1ex.; INM , 1ex. Fig. 1. Turritopsis nutricula collected at Otsu fishing port. Pandeidae Leuckartiara hoeppliihsu INM , 1ex. 2; INM , 1ex. Urashimea globosa Kishinouye INM , 1ex.; INM , 1ex. 3 Fig. 2. Leuckartiara hoepplii collected at Kuji fishing port. Polyorchidae Spirocodon saltatortilesius INM , 1ex. Tima formosa L. Agassiz INM , 1ex.; INM , 1ex. Fig. 3. Urashimea globosa collected at Kuji fishing port.

11 6 9 6, 1965;, 1992, 1997, ; ; 1996; 1997; 2000a 2000b; 2001,, 1965;, 2000a 1965; 1997; 2000a; , Cnidaria 2 pp Cnidaria 3 pp pp pp : : pp pp 1991Marine invertebrates pp pp., : Cnidaria pp Cnidaria pp Phylum Cnidaria pp pp : : 1

12 pp pp., 2000a118 pp., TBS 2000b Cnidaria pp [ ]697 pp., 1996 pp. 222

13 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 11 * ** A Record of Ceriagrion nipponicum (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) Collected in Tsukuba City, Central Japan Yoshinobu UEMURA * and Masaki HISAMATSU ** (Accepted March 30, 2008 ) Key words: Odonata, Ceriagrion nipponicum, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture. Ceriagrion nipponicum Asahina 3 cm 1999 II Fig. 1. A male of Ceriagrion nipponicum collected at Kayamaru, Tsukuba City. 1 * (Toyosato Museum of Entomology, 676 Tohigashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan). ** (Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan).

14 12 Table 1. List of dragonflies collected Kayamaru, Tsukuba City. Coenagrionidae Ischnura asiatica Cercion sieboldii Coenagrion terue , , , 1 Lestidae Indolestes peregrinus , 1 Gomphidae Stylurus nagoyanus Gomphus postocularis Trigomphus melampus Sieboldius albardae Ictinogomphus clavatus , , , 1 ; , 1 ; , 1 ; , 1 ; , , , 1 ; , 1 Aeschnidae Oligoaeschna pryeri Aeschnophlebia longistigma Anax nigrofasciatus nigrofasciatus , 1 ; , 1 1 ; , 1 ; , , 1 ; , , 1 ; , 1 ; , 1 Corduiidae Macromia amphigena amphigena Epophthalmia elegans , , 1 Libellulidae Orthetrum albistylum speciosum Orthetrum japonicum japonicum Orthetrum triangulare melania Libellula quadrimaculata asahinai Sympetrum darwinianum Sympetrum frequens Sympetrum kunckeli Sympetrum eroticum eroticum Sympetrum infuscatum Pseudothemis zonata , , 1 ; , 1 ; , 1 1 ; , , , 1 ; , 1 ; , 1 ; , 1 ; , , 1 ; , , 1 ; , , , , , pp pp pp.

15 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 13 * ** *** Records of the Cast-off Shell of Cryptotympana facialis (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), Collected in Toride City, Ibaraki Prefecture Takehiko ISHITSUKA *, Koji SUZUKI ** and Masaki HISAMATSU *** (Accepted February 22, 2008 ) Key words: Ibaraki Prefecture, Toride City, Hemiptera, Cicadidae, Cryptotympana facialis, cast-off shell. Cryptotympana facialis Walker ; Graptopsaltria nigrofuscatamotschulsky Fig. 1. The exuvia of a female Cryptotympana facialis collected on August 4, 2007 in Toride City. Oncotympana maculaticollis Motschulsky * Hakusan Elementary School, Hakusan, Toride, Ibaraki , Japan ** Board of Education in Toride City Hall, 700 Fujishiro, Toride, Ibaraki , Japan *** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan

16 14 A:, B: Fig. 2. Femoral spur of front-leg. A: Cryptotympana facialis, B: Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata Cryptotympana facialis Cryptotympana facialis HemipteraCicadidae : pp pp pp

17 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 15 * ** A Record of Papilio memnon (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Collected in Bando City, Central Japan Masaki HISAMATSU * and Kaoru SERAKU ** (Accepted February 22, 2008) Key words: Lepidoptera, Papilionidae, Papilio memnon, Ibaraki Prefecture. Papilio memnon ; Citrus unshiu Fig. 1. Two eggs of Papilio memnon that was oviposited on a leaf of Citrus unshiu (photographed by K. Seraku on July 28, 2007) Fig. 2. A larva of Papilio memnon which was hatching (photographed by K. Seraku on August 1, 2007). * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan ** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan

18 a 1 b a: , b: Fig. 3. Pupation of Papilio memnon (a:photographed by K. Seraku on August 27, 2007, b: photographed by K. Seraku on August 28, 2007) Fig. 4. An adult of Papilio memnon immediately after emergence (photographed by K. Seraku on September 11, 2007)

19 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 17 * ** *** Records of Papilio memnon (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Collected or Observed in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Takenari INOUE *, Yoshinobu UEMURA ** and Masaki HISAMATSU *** (Accepted March 30, 2008) Key words: Lepidoptera, Papilionidae, Papilio memnon, Ibaraki Prefecture. Papilio memnon a2001b ; 2007; 2005; 2004; a2007b; 2006; 2004; 2007; 2005; 2005; IX IX IX IX IX V V V VII VII VIII VIII * Tama Forest Science Garden, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Todorimachi, Hachioji, Tokyo , Japan ** Toyosato Museum of Entomology, 676 Tohigashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan *** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan

20 Table 1. Collection and observation records of Papilio memnon since 2000 in Ibaraki Prefecture. 2. VI a 13. VII VI V X VIII IX IX b X X X VII IX X VII IX IX IX IX IX VII VIII IX VII VIII VIII a,b 24. VI IX V IX IX IX a 1 7. IX IX IX IX IX IX X X VII VIII VII IX V V X a 20. V VIII IX IX IX V a

21 : 19 a b a: b: Fig. 1. Adults of Papilio memnon collected from Ibaraki Prefecturea: Male (4. IX. 2007, Matsunosato, Tsukuba City, M.Shimazu leg.)b: Female (13. IX. 2007, Sakayori, Makabe-cho, Sakuragawa City, T.Inoue leg.). 2. IX IX IX a 1 7. IX IX IX IX b 14. IX IX IX IX X X X X X

22 a b a b pp

23 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 21 * A Record of Trachemys scripta elegans Spawning on the Campus of Ibaraki Nature Museum,Central Japan Nagatoshi HAYASE * (Accepted May 16, 2008) Key words: Ibaraki Nature Museum,spawn, Trachemys scripta elegans. Trachemys scripta elegans Trachemys scripta IUCN m 15 m 15 m 380 m * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan)

24 22 15 cm 8 cm cm 1.5 cm 1 Cagle Thornhill Fig. 1. A location of Trachemys scripta elegans spawning in Ibaraki Nature Museum in Schmidt and Inger cm Fig. 2. A spawning hole of Trachemys scripta elegans in Ibaraki Nature Museum in 2007: 15 cm diameter and 8 cm depth Fig. 3. Fourteen eggs of Trachemys scripta elegans confirmed in Ibaraki Nature Museum in Cagle, F. R. 1950The life history of the slider turtlepseudemys scripta troostiiholbrookecol. Monogr., pp

25 pp. Schmidt, K. P. and R. F. Inger Living reptiles of the world 287pp.Hamish Hamilton Ltd.London pp Thornhill, G. M Comparative reproduction of the turtle, Chrysemys scripta elegans, in heated and natural lakes. Journal of Herpetplogy, p

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27 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) * ** ** Records of White Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia during Winter in Sugao Marsh, Western Ibaraki Prefecture Makoto ITO *, Kazuo SHINOHARA ** and Takehiko ITO *** (Accepted June 6, 2008) Key words: Ibaraki Prefecture, Platalea leucorodia, Sugao Marsh, white spoonbill. Platalea leucorodia ; ; 1985; ; ha, 3 km., 1 1: Phalacrocorax carbo : * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki, , Japan ** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki, , Japan

28 ,000 Cygnus columbianus ; Fig. 1. A map of Sugao Marsh. Point 1 and 2 indicate appeared area of the White Spoonbill Location of the observation points Fig. 2. A juvenile of White Spoonbill observed in Sugao Marsh. (Photographed by Mitsuyoshi Ishii on December 26, 2007) pp., 1978 pp pp pp < > 304 pp pp pp pp : Platalea leucorodia

29 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 27 * ** *** A New Record of Asian Parti-colored Bat in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Koji YAMAZAKI *, Sachiko YASUI ** and Makoto HIROSE ** (Accepted April 25, 2008) Key words: Chiroptera, Asian parti-colored bat, Ibaraki Prefecture, Vespertilio sinensis. Chiroptera Vespertilio sinensis Peters Yoshiyuki N E 1,022 m INM ; Fig. 1. A female Asian parti-colored bat collected on 30 April 2004 in the Yamizo Mts., Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki, , Japan ** Bat Study and Conservation Group of Japan, Namiki, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki , Japan *** Daiku, Mito-city, Ibaraki , Japan

30 Table 1. Measurement data for the female Asian parti-colored bat collected on 30 April 2004 in the Yamizo Mts., Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. mm pp., pp pp pp pp pp., 2005 pp , , Yoshiyuki, M A systematic study of the Japanese Chiroptera242 pp., National Science Museum, Tokyo. Vespertilio sinensis

31 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 29 * Appearance Records on Japanese Serow (Artiodactyla) in the Central Part of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan Koji YAMAZAKI * (Accepted April 25, 2008) Key words: Artiodactyla, Japanese serow, Capricornis crispus, Ibaraki Prefecture Capricornis crispus Temminck N E :05 9: N E : N E :30 9: Fig. 1. A Japanese serow photographed on the bank of the grounds of Kasama Junior High School on 2 June 2005 (taken by Keiko Isaka). * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan

32 mm 52 mm 60 km 1 km Fig. 2. A footprint of Japanese serow found near Kasama Junior High School on 3 June ,600 m Fig. 3. Points of appearance of Japanese serow so far been confirmed in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan (Black circle indicates appearance points during the s, and black triangle indicates appearance points in 2005 in Kasama City).

33 pp pp pp. Capricornis crispus

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35 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 33 * ** *** The First Record of a North American Freshwater Planarian, Girardia tigrina (Girard) (Plathelminthes, Tricladida) from Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Shigeo CHINONE *, Kiyohiko YAMAMOTO ** and Masaharu KAWAKATSU *** (Accepted June 19, 2008) Abstract According to Chinone's field surveys after the year 2004, natural distribution of an unidentified exotic planarian has gradually been increasing in Ibaraki Prefecture. This species was tentatively identified to Girardia tigrina, (Girard, 1850), which was originally described from The Continent of North America, and has long been known as a North American species. It is, however, now known to be a cosmopolitan species distributed widely in the world. In Ibaraki Prefecture, it is now rather common in shallow waters such as brooks, irrigation canals and ponds in lowland areas (5-20 m above the sea). However, no sexually mature individuals of this species have been found in the Ibaraki populations. They have a chromosome number of 3x = 24, with a karyotype of 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m. Since the triploid G. tigrina reproduces asexually by fission, its population density may have been increasing in the Tone River system during recent years. Key words: Plathelminthes, Girardia tigrina, exotic species, freshwater planarian, Ibaraki Prefecture, Tone River System Dugesia japonica Ichikawa and Kawakatsu1964 Phagocata vividaijima and Kaburaki1916 Seidlia auriculata (Ijima and Kaburaki1916) * Iwai, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan ** Kinkai-Ôhira-chô, Nagasaki, Nagasaki , Japan *** jô 9chôme 1-8, Shinkotoni, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaidô , Japan)

36 Phagocata papillifera (Ijima and Kaburaki ; Girardia tigrina Girard1850 Tricladida Paludicola Dugesiidae Girardia2007; Kawakatsu et al Kawakatsu et al Kawakatsu et al.2007 Dugesia gonocephala Dugès, 1830 D. japonica Ichikawa and Kawakatsu 1964Polycelis auriculata Seidlia Kawakatsu and Mitchell Kawakatsu et al., mm mm 1 a, b Girardia 1 c

37 35 3x= m + 3 m +3 m +3 m +3 m +3 m +3 m +3 m Girardia sp. Girardia tigrina a 2 A, B3 3x 243m 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m 3m. Fig. 2. Idiograms of tentatively identified Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) from the Higashi-nire River, Ibaraki Prefecture (samples for chromosomal analysis were taken from two specimens). 3x=24, with a karyotype of 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m + 3m. c Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850) a: 2 b: 5 mmc: 2 mm Girardia Fig. 1. An exotic freshwater planarian, tentatively identified to Girardia tigrina (Girard, 1850), collected from the Higashi-nire River, Ibaraki Prefecture, central Japan. a: Two live specimens (photographed by Chinone). b: Sketch of a live specimen (bar, 5 mm). c: A pigmented pharynx removed from a live specimen (ca. 2 mm long January 11, 2004). A black arrow indicates the pharyngeal base; an open arrow, the mouth (photographed by Chinone). This is the typical pigmented pharynx of species of the genus Girardia Ball, b Sts St. 1 St. 2St. 7 St. 10 St. 11 St. 1 St cm 100 2

38 36 St. 9 St. 10 St. 11 St. 10St m St a 7 m25 m10 18 cm cm m/s 7 Jan. 8, ph7.7do10.7 mg/lec0.46 ms/cm Jan. 31, 2004 St m4 m30 cm 0.8 m/s Jan. 18, 2004 St m5 m30 cm 0.6 m/s A, B, C 4 A 5B6 C Fig. 3. Sketched map of the east-central area of the Kantô Region (parts of Ibaraki, Chiba, Saitama, Tochigi and Gunma Prefectures) in central Japan, showing the tree areas where surveys of planarian distribution were carried out (A, B and C). For the enlarged topographical maps of the areas surveyed, see maps A (Fig. 4), B (Fig. 5) and C (Fig. 6), respectively.

39 茨城県におけるアメリカナミウズムシ 扁形動物門 三岐腸目 の出現記録 Jan. 31, 2004 着生基質 シルト質の小岩石 St. 4. 東仁連川 常総市菅生町 堀込橋の下 海抜高度 12 m 流幅 4.5 m 水深 23 cm 底質 固いシルト層 水温 7.1 気温 Jan. 25, 2004 着生基質 シルト質の小岩石 St. 5. 東仁連川 常総市大塚戸町 水海道ゴルフクラ 37 砂泥質に礫岩混じり 流速 0.2 m/s 水温 7.8 気 温 11.4 ph 8.0 DO 14.2 mg/l EC 0.42 ms/cm Jan. 30, 着生物質 シルト質の小岩石 St. 6. 東仁連川 常総市坂手町 貝置橋下 海抜高度 16 m 流幅 7.7 m 水深 20 cm 底質 砂 泥 底 水 温 8.2 気 温 11.2 Jan. 21, 2004 ブ 図 7 b 着生基質 シルト質の小岩石 海抜高度 15 m 流幅 5.7 m 水深 25 cm 底質 St. 7. 飯沼川 坂東市神田山 反町閘門橋下 図 4. 菅生沼付近 常総市 坂東市 の調査地点 Sts. 1 8 国土地理院 5 万分の 1 の地形図 水海道 野田を改変 Fig. 4. The surveyed area including Sugao Marsh, Jôsô City and Bandô City (Sts. 1-8). Cited from parts of the 1:50,000 topographical maps of Mitsukaidô and Noda (Geographical Survey Institute of Japan), and partially retouched.

40 38 茅根重夫 山本清彦 川勝正治 図 5. 筑 波 山 周 辺 の 調 査 地 点 Sts 国土地理院 5 万 分の 1 の地形図 真壁を改変 Fig. 5. The surveyed area including the western and south-western parts of Mt. Tsukuba (Sts. 9 and 10). Cited from parts of the 1 : 50,000 topographical map of Makabe (Geographical Survey Institute of Japan), and partially retouched. 図 6. 乙 戸 沼 St. 11 国 土 地 理 院 5 万分の 1 の地形図 土浦 を改変 Fig. 6. The area surveyed of Ottonuma Pond (St. 11). Part of the 1:50,000 topographical map of Tsuchiura was used after being retouched.

41 39 1 mnov. 23, 2004 St m700 m cm Oct. 1, 2004, 1155 a Girardia tigrina St. 1 (St. 5). Fig. 7. The photographs of surveyed areas taken on January 29, 2004, a: Sugao Marsh (St. 1), b: Higashi-nire River (St. 5). 10 m15 m0.7 1 m m/s Jan. 9, 2008 St m6 m 60 cm 0.3 m/s ph8.0do14.1 mg/lec0.38 ms/cmjan. 30, St m 50 m 15 cm m/s Oct. 4, 2007 St m200 m b : Fresh water planaria found in Amagasaki. Science Reserch SSH pp Ichikawa, A. and M. Kawakatsu A new freshwater planarian, Dugesia japonica, commonly but erroneously

42 40 known as Dugesia gonocephala (Dugès). Annot. Zool. Japon., : Ijima, I. and T. Kaburaki, Preliminary descriptions of some Japanese Triclads. Annot. Zool. Japon., : Phagocata papillifera. RDB /rdb/ content/065.html Phagocata papillifera. 249 pp Phagocata papillifera. pp. 25, 27, pp : Kawakatsu, M., I. Oki, S. Tamura and T. Yamayoshi Reexamination of freshwater planaians found in tanks of tropical fishes in Japan, with a decription of a new species, Dugesia austroasiatica sp. nov. (Turbellaria; Tricladida; Paludicola). Bull. Biogeogr. Soc. Japan, (1): Kawakatsu, M. and R. W. Mitehell New taxonomic data on an American triclad, Seidlia remota (Smith, 1988 ), with a proposal that generic recognition be extended to the subgenus Seidlia. Zool. Sci., Tokyô, Suppl.: 32. Kawakatsu, M., M. Nishino, A. Ohtaka, K. Yamamoto and G.-Y. Sasaki Exotic planarians now known from Japan (Preliminary Report). Kawakatsu's Web Library on Planarians (Feb. 15, 2000). victoriver.com. Bar: Matsuyama Mar 07. Kawakatsu, M., S. Tamura, M. Takai, K. Yamamoto, R. Ueno and I. Oki The first record of occurrence of a naturalized population of Dugesia tigrina (Girard, 1850 ) at Nagasaki, Kysh, Japan (Turbellaria: Tricladida: Paludicola). Bull. Biogeogra. Soci. Japan, (2): p , www2u.biglobe.ne.jp /~gen-yu/plaj_list.html Bar: Exo Planarians m

43 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 41 * ** *** Notes on a Local Outbreak of Succinea lauta (Stylommatophora : Succineidae) in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Hiromi IKEZAWA * Chikashi AKIBA ** and Taiji KUROZUMI *** (Accepted April 20, 2008 ) Abstract A local population of an amber-snail, Succinea lauta, experienced a sudden increase at a vegetable garden along the Kokai River. Two live individuals and 29 dead ones, adhering to four kinds of crop: raspberry, myoga ginger, rhubarb and aloe, were collected. Individuals of this species were probably carried through the river, dispersed through water leak from a ditch and underwent a population explosion, by finding out favorable habitat conditions at the vegetable garden near the ditch. Key words: Succineidae, Succinea lauta, Stylommatophora, outbreak, Ibaraki Prefecture. Succinea lauta Gould, mm * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan ** Mitsukaido-takaramachi, Joso, Ibaraki , Japan *** Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba , Japan

44 INM exs mm mm 9.2 mm mm CBM-ZM exs mm mm 9.4 mm mm m Fig. 1. Dead individuals of Succinea lauta, adhering to a leaf of aloe in the greenhouse (taken on October 22, 2007) Fig. 2. Shells of dead Succinea lauta at the outer edge of the greenhouse (taken on October 22, 2007).

45 : pp x pp.,.

46 p p /2 1,654 pp pp pls ,203 pp Venus1 /

47 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 45 * ** The Vascular Plant Flora of Ami Town, Ibaraki Prefecture (A Third Report) Takashi KURIHARA * and Kazuo OBATA ** (Accepted April 5, 2008) Abstract From 1991 to 2007, we conducted a research on the vascular plant flora of Ami Town in Ibaraki Prefecture. 763 vascular plant species, including 23 endangered species, are recognized. Key words: vascular plant, flora, Ami Town, endangered species , , * Obatake, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki , Japan ** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan

48 INM Cuscuta australis R. Br. C. pentagona Engelm. var. calycina Engelm. INM Dryopteris monticola MakinoC. Chr. D. uniformis MakinoMakino km 6 24 Fig. 1. Twenty four sections of six areas studied in Ami Town.

49 Euphorbia sendaica Makino 2000

50 48 Table 1. Endangered Species in Ami Town. No. 1 Carex capricornis Monochoria korsakowii Iris laevigata Isoetes japonica Penthorum chinense Sparganium erectum Salvinia natans Euphorbia adenochlora Veronica undulata Hydrocharis dubia Ludwigia ovalis Ceratopteris thalictroides Codonopsis ussuriensis Cephalanthera falcata Euphorbia sendaica Calanthe discolor Dendranthema boreale Dendropanax trifidus Liparis nervosa Cimicifuga japonica Rosa luciae Synurus excelsus Viola confusa subsp. nagasakiensis Euphorbia adenochlora Morr. et Decne. Calanthe discolor Lindl. Isoetes japonica A. Br. Veronica undulata Wall. Synurus excelsus (Makino) Kitam.

51 m pp. 2006

52 IA pp pp pp pp pp. 2007http //

53 Appendix. A list of vascular plant specimens in Ami Town (Ver. 2007). LCYOPODIACEAE Lycopodium serratum Thunb. INM ISOETACEAE Isoetes japonica A. Br. INM EQUISETACEAE Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. INM DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Dennstaedtia hirsuta (Sw.) Mett. ex Miq. INM Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn INM PARKERIACEAE Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. INM ASPLENIACEAE Asplenium incisum Thunb. INM DRYOPTERIDACEAE Dryopteris bissetiana (Bak.) C. Chr. INM Dryopteris chinensis (Bak.) Koidz. INM INM Dryopteris erythrosora (Eaton) O. Ktze. INM INM Dryopteris lacera (Thunb.) O. Ktze. INM Dryopteris uniformis (Makino) Makino INM INM Polystichum polyblepharum (Roem. ex Kunze) Presl INM INM THELYPTERIDACEAE Stegnogramma pozoi (Lagasca) K. Iwats. subsp. mollissima (Fischer ex Kunze) K. Iwats. INM Thelypteris acuminata (Houtt.) Morton INM Thelypteris decursive-pinnata (van Hall) Ching INM Thelypteris glanduligera (Kunze) Ching INM INM INM INM INM INM INM Thelypteris japonica (Bak.) Ching INM INM INM INM INM INM INM INM INM INM Thelypteris viridifrons Tagawa

54 52 INM WOODSIACEAE Athyrium niponicum (Mett.) Hance INM INM INM INM INM Athyrium yokoscense (Franch. et Savat.) Christ INM INM INM Deparia conilii (Franch. et Savat.) M. Kato INM INM INM INM Deparia japonica (Thunb.) M. Kato INM INM INM INM Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro INM INM INM SALICACEAE Populus sieboldii Miq. INM Salix chaenomeloides Kimura INM BETULACEAE Alnus japonica (Thunb.) Steud. INM INM Corylus heterophylla Fischer ex Vessel var. thunbergii Blume INM URTICACEAE Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. var. nivea INM Boehmeria platanifolia Franch. et Savat. INM INM INM POLYGONACEAE Persicaria yokusaniana (Makino) Nakai INM Polygonum aviculare L. INM Rumex acetosella L. INM NYCTAGINACEAE Mirabils jalapa L. INM PORTULACACEAE Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. INM AMARANTHACEAE Alternanthera denticulata R.Br. INM Celosia cristata L. INM MAGNOLIACEAE

55 3 53 Magnolia obovata Thunb. INM ANNONACEAE Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal INM LAURACEAE Lindera glauca (Sieb. et Zucc.) Blume INM BERBERIDACEAE Berberis thunbergii DC. INM SAURURACEAE Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill. INM CHLORANTHACEAE Chloranthus japonicus Sieb. INM GUTTIFERAE Hypericum ascyron L. INM PAPAVERACEAE Papaver somniferum L. subsp. setigerum (DC.) Arcang. INM CRUCIFERAE Cardamine autumnalis Koidz. INM INM SAXIFRAGACEAE Chrysosplenium japonicum (Maxim.) Makino INM PITTOSPORACEAE Pittosporum tobira (Thunb. ex Murr.) Aiton INM INM INM ROSACEAE Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke INM Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. INM Potentilla sundaica (Blume) O. Kuntze var. robusta (Franch. et Savat.) Kitag. INM Pourthiaea vilosa (Thunb.) Decne. var. zollingeri (Decne.) Nakai INM INM Pyracantha coccinea M. Roem. INM Rubus microphyllus L. fil. INM Rubus palmatus Thunb. var. coptophyllus A. Gray INM INM LEGMINOSAE Amorpha fruticosa L. INM Arachis hypogaea L.

56 54 INM Glycine max (L.) Merr. subsp. soja (Sieb. et Zucc.) Ohashi INM Rhynchosia acuminatifolia Makino INM Vicia pseudo-orobus Fisch. et Mey. INM OXALIDACEAE Oxalis articulata Savigny INM Oxalis corymbosa DC. INM Oxalis stricta L. INM EUPHORBIACEAE Euphorbia adenochlora Morr. et Decne. INM INM INM Euphorbia sendaica Makino INM INM MELIACEAE Melia azedarach L. var. subtripinnata Miq. INM ACERACEAE Acer palmatum Thunb. INM SAPINDACEAE Cardiospermum halicacabum L. INM AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex integra Thunb. INM INM INM MALVACEAE Malva sylvestris L. var. mauritiana (L.) Boiss. INM ELAEAGNACEAE Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. INM INM VIOLACEAE Viola confusa Champ. ex Bentham subsp. nagasakiensis (W. Becker) F. Maek. et Hashimoto INM Viola japonica Langsd. INM INM Viola yedoensis Makino INM INM LYTHRACEAE Lythrum salicaria L. INM ONAGRACEAE

57 3 55 Circaea mollis Sieb. et Zucc. INM INM Epilobium adenocaulon Hassk. INM INM Oenothera biennis L. INM Oenothera erythrosepala Borbkg INM Oenothera rosea Ait. INM ARALIACEAE Panax japonicus C. A. Meyer INM UMBELLIFERAE Torilis scabra (Thunb.) DC. INM INM INM INM PRIMULACEAE Lysimachia fortunei Maxim. INM Primula malacoides Franch. INM EBENACEAE Diospyros kaki Thunb. INM OLEACEAE Ligustrum lucidum Ait. INM INM APOCYNACEAE Vinca major L. INM ASCLEPIADACEAE Cynanchum caudatum (Miq.) Maxim. INM RUBIACEAE Galium pseudo-asprellum Makino INM INM INM Galium trachyspermum A. Gray INM Galium trifidum L. var. brevipedunculatum Regel INM INM Hedyotis diffusa Willd. INM INM Sherardia arvensis L. INM CONVOLVULACEAE Calystegia japonica Choisy INM Cuscuta japonica Choisy INM Ipomoea lacunosa L.

58 56 INM Quamoclit coccinea (L.) Moench INM CALLITRICHACEAE Callitriche japonica Engelm. INM LABIATAE Ajuga decumbens Thunb. INM Clinopodium micranthum (Regel) Hara INM INM INM Lycopus ramosissimus Makino var. japonicus (Matsum. et Kudo) Kitam. INM Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. INM INM Mosla dianthera (Hamilt.) Maxim. INM Stachys riederi Chamisso var. intermedia (Kudo) Kitam. INM SOLANACEAE Physaliastrum japonicum (Franch. et Savat.) Honda INM SCROPHULARIACEAE Lindernia antipoda (L.) Alston var. grandiflora (Retz.) Tuyama INM Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Philcox INM INM Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. INM Veronica undulata Wall. INM PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago asiatica L. form. paniculata Honda INM CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera gracilipes Miq. INM Lonicera gracilipes Miq. var. glabra Miq. INM VALERIANACEAE Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss. INM COMPOSITAE Ambrosia trifida L. INM INM Bidens pilosa L. var. minor (Blume) Sherff INM INM Carpesium abrotanoides L. INM INM Carpesium cernuum L.

59 3 57 INM Carpesium divaricatum Sieb. et Zucc. INM INM INM INM Carpesium glossophyllum Maxim. INM INM Coreopsis lanceolata L. INM Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. INM Cosmos sulphureus Cav. INM Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. INM Eclipta prostrata L. INM Ixeris debilis A. Gray INM INM Lapsana humilis (Thunb.) Makino INM INM INM Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. INM Stenactis strigosus (Muhl.) DC. INM Synurus excelsus (Makino) Kitam. INM POTAMOGETONACEAE Potamogeton crispus L. INM INM Potamogeton malaianus Miq. INM LILIACEAE Allium tuberosum Rottl. INM Disporum smilacinum A. Gray INM INM Hemerocallis fulva L. var. longituba (Miq.) Maxim. INM Ipheion uniflorum Rafin. INM Lilium formolongo Hort. INM Tricyrtis affinis Makino INM INM INM INM Tricyrtis formosana Baker INM AMARYLLIDACEAE Narcissus tazetta L. INM

60 58 JUNCACEAE Juncus alatus Franch. et Savat. INM Juncus effusus L. var. decipiens Buchen. INM INM Juncus leschenaultii Gay INM Juncus tenuis Willden. INM INM Juncus wallichianus Laharpe INM INM COMMELINACEAE Tradescantia flumiensis Vell. INM INM POACEAE Agropyron ciliare (Trin.) Franch. var. minus (Miq.) Ohwi INM Agropyron tsukushiense (Honda) Ohwi var. transiens (Hack.) Ohwi INM Agrostis clavata Trin. var. nukabo Ohwi INM INM Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. INM INM Andropogon brevifolius Sw. INM Anthoxanthum odoratum L. INM Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald INM Briza maxima L. INM Briza minor L. INM Bromus catharticus Vahl INM INM INM INM Bromus japonicus Thunb. INM Bromus pauciflorus (Thunb.) Hack. INM INM Calamagrostis arundinacea (L.) Roth. var. brachytricha (Steud.) Hack. INM INM Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth INM INM Coix lacryma-jobi L. INM Digitaria violascens Link INM

61 3 59 Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. echinata (Willd.) Honda INM Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees INM Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth INM INM Festuca arundinacea Schreb. INM INM INM INM INM INM INM INM INM Festuca parvigluma Steud. INM INM INM Glyceria acutiflora Torr. INM INM Glyceria ischyroneura Steudel INM INM Hemarthria sibirica (Gandog.) Ohwi INM Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. INM Isachne globosa (Thunb.) O. Kuntze INM INM Microstegium japonicum (Miq.) Koidz. INM INM Moliniopsis japonica (Hack.) Hayata INM INM Muhlenbergia japonica Steud. INM INM Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. INM INM Paspalum urvillei Steud. INM INM INM Phragmites communis Trin. INM Phyllostachys bambusoides Sieb. et Zucc. INM INM Pleioblastus chino (Franch. et Savat.) Makino INM Poa acroleuca Steud. INM INM INM INM INM INM Poa sphondylodes Trin. INM Stipa pekinensis Hance INM INM Trisetum bifidum (Thunb.) Ohwi INM INM Zoysia japonica Steud.

62 60 INM ARACEAE Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott INM SPARGANIACEAE Sparganium erectum L. INM CYPERACEAE Carex arenicola Fr. Schm. INM Carex breviculmis R. Br. INM INM Carex dimorpholepis Steud. INM Carex dispalata Boott INM INM INM INM Carex gibba Wahlenb. INM Carex japonica Thunb. INM Carex lanceolata Boott INM INM Carex lenta D. Don INM Carex nervata Franch. et Savat. INM Carex sachalinensis Fr. Schm. var. alterniflora (Franch.) Ohwi INM Carex vesicaria L. INM Cyperus amuricus Maxim. INM INM Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. var. leiolepis (Franch. et Savat.) T. Koyama INM INM Cyperus flaccidus R. Br. INM Cyperus flavidus Retz. INM INM INM INM Cyperus iria L. INM Cyperus microiria Steud. INM INM INM Cyperus nipponicus Franch. et Savat. INM Cyperus odoratus L. INM INM INM INM

63 3 61 Cyperus polystachyos Rottb. INM Cyperus sanguinolentus Vahl INM INM Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roem. et Schult. INM INM INM INM INM INM INM Fimbristylis diphylloides Makino INM INM Fimbristylis subbispicata Nees et Mey. INM Lipocarpha microcephala (R. Br.) Kunth INM Scirpus fluviatilis (Torr.) A. Gray INM Scirpus juncoides Roxb. INM Scirpus tabernaemontani Gmel. INM Scirpus wichurae Boecklr. INM ORCHIDACEAE Calanthe discolor Lindl. INM INM

64

65 Bull. Ibaraki Nat. Mus., (11): (2008) 63 Carcharodon megalodon * * ** Preparation of Carcharodon megalodon Tooth Set from Kitaibaraki City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan Yoshiki KODA *, Takuya NAGASE * and Katsunori IIZUMI ** (Accepted March 30, 2008) Abstract Ibaraki Nature Museum has collected tooth set of Carcharodon megalodon associated with vertebrae from calcareous concretions in the Miocene Kokozura Formation, Takaku Group, Kitaibaraki City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. 54 pieces of shark tooth were confirmed from rock samples by the end of February, Preparing conditions and related problems are described in this report. Key words: Carcharodon megalodon tooth set, preparing, calcareous concretion, lower Miocene, Ibaraki Prefecture Carcharodon megalodon, m 1 m 30 cm 23 C. megalodon cm 20 cm 2007b C. megalodon 1-3 C. megalodon C. megalodon 4 * Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki , Japan ** (Tsukubamirai City Hall, 195 Fukuda, Tsukubamirai City, Ibaraki , Japan).

66 ab m Fig. 1. Excavation was made during June, 2006 with the permission from regional offices of coast and fishery. Air hose for a rock drill was connected with the length of 120 m to the compressor which was set on the city road. Picture shows the scene of excavation. 40 m Fig. 3. Rock sample yielding tooth set were sliced away from the bottom of sea water. Excavation site is 40 meters off from beach, and it is disappeared in sea water during the high tide. Carrying of rock ample was possible with the buoyancy of seawater. Carcharodon megalodon Fig. 2. Numbering of Carcharodon megalodon was made at the fossil site. Fig. 4. Rock samples were carried in a laboratory of the INM. These samples settled with the same situation as the excavation site. There after, picking out and cleaning of teeth samples were quickly operated.

67 Carcharodon megalodon C. megalodon 2007a C. megalodon 54 4 C. megalodon Carcharhinus sp Galeocerdo sp Isurus sp Galeocerdo sp C. megalodon C. megalodon C. carcharias 2 C. megalodon 6 8 mm 9 10 Fig. 5. Preparation work was operated by a tool with air compressor. To avoid noise and vibration, cleaning tool was used at outdoor facility. Air compressor was kept in a separated room. Fig. 6. Grooving was made by using the disk grinder. Noise and dust were scattered from the grinder. 500W 9 3 N, N- N, N-

68 66 Fig. 7. The flow chart of preparation work.

69 Carcharodon megalodon 67 2 Fig. 8. Sample shows the jointed occurrence of upper and lower teeth. This sample was picked out from the rock shown in Fig.2. with this occurrence these fossils are considered to belong to the same individual. Fig. 10. Preparation work using small hammer was used during preparation work. This was skilful and gave some damages with careless mistake if fail fossils are broken. 1/3 C. megalodon C. carcharias C. megalodon 11 Fig. 9. Grooves were made by the disk grinder, Sometimes another teeth were confirmed along the grooves of grinder. C. megalodon B72 Fig. 11. Rock trash produced by preparation work.

70 68 Carcharodon megalodon 1989 pp a Carcharodon megalodon. (156): b Carcharodon megalodon : 1-2. G 2005 (78): ,: Carcharodon megalodon C. megalodon Carcharodon megalodon

71 69 1 Original article 2 Review 3 Short article 4 Note 5 Miscellany MS-DOS 20 4

72 Title 1 3 Footnotes * ** *** * BNo ** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando , Japan. *** Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Education, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito , Japan. A Taxonomic Study of Pycnogonids on the Coasts of Ibaraki * Taro MITO ** and Ichiro IWAI *** * This research was partially supported by Grant-and-Aid for Scientific Research (No ), Ministry of Education. ** Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando , Japan. *** Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Education, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito , Japan. 4 Abstract Key words 3 10 Key words: ancestrulae, Bryozoa, Celleporina, early astogeny, larvae, metamorphosis, systematics.. 6 a Introduction b Materials and Methods c Results Descriptions d Discussion 7 Acknowledgments

73 71 8 References a b 1899, Brown, 1986; Mawatari, Zimmer and Woollacott Lyke et al., c abc a1986b... d a 15 b 26 : c 3 d 478 e f 2 2 First name pp., : pp pp Klevelen, D. W Coal science. 185 pp., Elsevier Publishing Co., Amsterdam. 6 Schnurer, J. M., M. Clarholm and T. Rosswall Microbial biomass and activity in an agricultural soil with different organic matter contents. Soil Biol. Biochem., : Addicott, J. F Competition in mutualistic systems. In: Boucher, D. H. ed., The biology of mutualism, pp , Croom Helm, London. 8 Zimmer, R. L. and R. M. Woollacott a. Structure and classification of gymnolaemate larvae. In: Woollacott, R. M. and R. L. Zimmer eds., Biology of bryozoans, pp , Academic Press, New York ,. 4

74 a b 6 1 a Fig. b Table c Pl cm

75

76 * ** * ** Editorial Board Chief editor: Yoshiki KODA Editors: Hiromi IKEZAWA * Kazuo OBATA ** Nobuhiro KURISU Hideo TAKIMOTO Koji YAMAZAKI Masaki HISAMATSU Seiichi KOKUFUTA Wataru KOIKE * Managing editor ** Assistant editor 11 BULLETIN OF IBARAKI NATURE MUSEUM No TEL

77 Records of Fabriciana adippe (Denis and Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Collected or Observed on Mt. Tsukuba and in Lowlands of the Western and Southern Parts of Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Takenari INOUE, Masaki HISAMATSU, Yoshikatsu IIJIMA and Yuko MIURA 1 The First Records of Six Hydromedusae Species (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), Collected in the Coastal Area of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan Shinsuke SAITO and Yojiro SHIBA 7 A Record of Ceriagrion nipponicum (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) Collected in Tsukuba City, Central Japan Yoshinobu UEMURA and Masaki HISAMATSU 11 Records of the Cast-off Shell of Cryptotympana facialis (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), Collected in Toride City, Ibaraki Prefecture Takehiko ISHITSUKA, Koji SUZUKI and Masaki HISAMATSU 13 A Record of Papilio memnon (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Collected in Bando City, Central Japan Masaki HISAMATSU and Kaoru SERAKU 15 Records of Papilio memnon (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) Collected or Observed in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Takenari INOUE, Yoshinobu UEMURA and Masaki HISAMATSU 17 A Record of Trachemys scripta elegans Spawning on the Campus of Ibaraki Nature Museum, Central Japan Nagatoshi HAYASE 21 Records of White Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia during Winter in Sugao Marsh,Western Ibaraki Prefecture Makoto ITO, Kazuo SHINOHARA and Takehiko ITO 25 A New Record of Asian Parti-colored Bat in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Koji YAMAZAKI, Sachiko YASUI and Makoto HIROSE 27 Appearance Records on Japanese Serow (Artiodactyla) in the Central Part of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan Koji YAMAZAKI 29 The First Record of a North American Freshwater Planarian, Girardia tigrina (Girard) (Plathelminthes, Tricladida) from Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Shigeo CHINONE, Kiyohiko YAMAMOTO and Masaharu KAWAKATSU 33 Notes on a Local Outbreak of Succinea Lauta (Stylommatophora: Succineidae) in Ibaraki Prefecture, Central Japan Hiromi IKEZAWA, Chikashi AKIBA and Taiji KUROZUMI 41 The Vascular Plant Flora of Ami Town, Ibaraki Prefecture (A Third Report) Takashi KURIHARA and Kazuo OBATA 45 Preparation of Carcharodon megalodon Tooth Set from Kitaibaraki City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan Yoshiki KODA,Takuya NAGASE and Katsunori IIZUMI 63