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1 55 7 gnuplot gnuplot Thomas Williams Colin Kelley Unix Windows MacOS gnuplot ( ) ( ) gnuplot gnuplot 7.1 gnuplot gnuplot () PC(Windows MacOS ) gnuplot gnuplot gnuplot kterm % gnuplot gnuplot kterm gnuplot (gnuplot ) & % gnuplot G N U P L O T Version 4.0 patchlevel 0...()... Terminal type set to x11 gnuplot> gnuplot gnuplot> gnuplot gnuplot>

2 56 7. gnuplot 10 x : f(x) =x gnuplot> exit gnuplot> quit gnuplot> q gnuplot> Ctrl-d gnuplot gnuplot> plot x 7.1 invalid command() undefined variable( ) plot 2 plot x gnuplot> plot sin(x) f(x) = sin x f(x) =x f(x) = sin x [ 10, 10] plot [ 10, 10] 7.3.2

3 x sin(x) : f(x) =x sin x plot plot 1, 2, f(x) =x f(x) = sin x 2 gnuplot> plot x, sin(x) 7.2 replot replot plot gnuplot> plot x gnuplot> replot sin(x) plot x replot sin(x) test1.dat gnuplot # test1.dat # x y

4 58 7. gnuplot #gnuplot # x y ( ) gnuplot 1 1 plot ( ) ( ) ( ) gnuplot plot../sample/test1.dat plot ~ /SAMPLE/test1.dat ~ () gnuplot> plot test1.dat (y = f(x) = cos x ) plot with

5 plot () with linespoints lines gnuplot> plot test1.dat with linespoints f(x) = cos x splot 3 (2 ) splot x y gnuplot> splot x**2+y**2 f(x, y)=x 2 + y splot plot splot with (x, y) m n ( ) z x = x 1,x 2,,x m y = y 1,y 2,,y n 1 x, y, z 3 y i (i =1 n) m

6 60 7. gnuplot x 1 y 1 z 11 x 2 y 1 z x m y 1 z m1 ( ) x 1 y 2 z 12 x 2 y 2 z x m y 2 z m2 ( ). x 1 y n z 1n x 2 y n z 2n... x m y n z mn /home/teacher/z6wt01in/sample/laplace.dat gnuplot> splot laplace.dat with line set show gnuplot set set show show

7 gnuplot show all plot/splot set 2 plot/splot plot/splot plot [ x :x ] [ y :y ] splot [ x :x ] [ y :y ] [ z :z ] x x <x gnuplot> plot [-5:5] sin(x) gnuplot> plot [-5:5] [-1.2:1.2] sin(x) gnuplot> splot [] [] [:2] sin(x)*cos(y) 1 y ( ) 2 x y 3 x y ([]) ([-10:10]) z ( 1) set set set xrange [ x :x ] set yrange [ y ( ) :y ( ) ] set zrange [ z :z ]

8 62 7. gnuplot gnuplot> splot sin(x)*cos(y) gnuplot> set xrange [-3:3] gnuplot> set yrange [-2:2] gnuplot> set zrange [-2:2] gnuplot> replot 1 (x, y [ 10 : 10] z [ 1 : 1]) replot( plot/splot ) set autoscale x,y,z,xy set set xtics set ytics set ztics x,, y,, z,, gnuplot> plot sin(x) gnuplot> set xtics -10,2,10 gnuplot> replot x [ 10, 10] () set xtics auto set ytics auto set ztics auto

9 set (xtics ) set mxtics set mytics set mztics x y z xtics gnuplot> set autoscale gnuplot> set mxtics 5 gnuplot> plot sin(x) sin x x 5 1 unset unset mxtics unset mytics unset mztics set set title, ( ) gnuplot> set title Gauss Function gnuplot> plot exp(-x**2) e x2 Gauss Function

10 64 7. gnuplot set ( ) set xlabel x, set ylabel y, set zlabel z, ( ) gnuplot plot/splot plot title splot title gnuplot> plot sin(x) title Key 1,cos(x) title Key 2 sin(x)(cos(x)) Key 1(Key 2) set set logscale x,y,z,xy,yz,xz,xyz 10 gnuplot> plot 10**x gnuplot> set logscale y gnuplot> replot 1 10 x 3 (y )

11 unset logscale x,y,z,xy,yz,xz,xyz xy( z) gnuplot using plot using x :y splot using x :y :z 1, 2, test1.dat gnuplot> plot test1.dat using 2:1 with linespoints x y using $ 1 $1 2 $2 test1.dat gnuplot> plot test1.dat using 1:($1*$2) with linespoints 1 x 1 2 y gnuplot smooth plot smooth splot smooth csplines bezier test1.dat

12 66 7. gnuplot gnuplot> plot test1.dat using 1:($1*$2) smooth csplines gnuplot> plot test1.dat using 1:($1*$2) smooth bezier 7.4 () lines plot ( ) with lines splot ( ) with lines with lines ( ) points plot ( ) with points splot ( ) with points 100 set samples linespoints lines points plot ( ) with linespoints splot ( ) with linespoints

13 gnuplot> set samples 50 gnuplot> plot cos(x) with linespoints 50 cos x linespoints linespoints plot with steps plot with fsteps plot with histeps steps fsteps histeps (x 1,y 1 ) (x 1,y 1 ) (x 1,y 1 ) /home/teacher/z6wt01in/sample/test2.dat (x, y b +a ) x y y b y + a plot with yerrorbars (x, y ± c) x y c

14 68 7. gnuplot plot with yerrorbars (x α β,y) x y x β x+ α plot with xerrorbars (x ± γ,y) x y γ plot with xerrorbars (x α β,ya b ) x y x β x+ α y b y + a plot with xyerrorbars (x ± γ,y ± c) x y γ c plot with xyerrorbars

15 rotated ce+ntred text Terminal Test rotated by +45 deg rotated by -45 deg linewidth lw 6 lw 5 lw 4 lw 3 lw 2 lw 1 show ticscale (color) filled polygon: left justified centre+d text right justified test of character width: pattern fill : test plot with boxes set boxwidth ( ) gnuplot gnuplot> test 7.3 with with

16 70 7. gnuplot 1 cos(x) : with f(x) = cos x lines points linespoints test points gnuplot> plot cos(x) with linespoints gnuplot fit fit via (,) μ μs f(x) x f(x) =a exp( bx) (7.1) μ + τ 1/b Poisson ±

17 : μ + (μs) (μs) /home/teacher/z6wt01in/sample/mu decay.dat gnuplot gnuplot> f(x)=a*exp(-b*x) a, b 1 ( 1 ) gnuplot> a=1000 gnuplot> b=0.5 gnuplot> fit f(x) mu decay.dat using 1:2:3 via a,b using 1:2:3 x, y, Δy 1 Final set of parameters Asymptotic Standard Error ======================= ========================== 1 fit.log

18 72 7. gnuplot 1200 f(x) mu_decay.dat : 7.1 μ + a = / (1.713%) b = / (1.319%) correlation matrix of the fit parameters: a b a b b b =0.456 ± (μs 1 ) (7.2) τ = 1 b =2.19 ± 0.03 (μs) (7.3) f(x) gnuplot> plot f(x), mu decay.dat with yerrorbars ()

19 PostScript TEX LATEX EPS 7.7 PostScript PostScript set terminal postscript PostScript set output PostScript.ps PostScript gv ( ) graph.ps % gv graph.ps gv File Quit gv (gv ) set terminal x EPS EPS set terminal postscript eps EPS

20 74 7. gnuplot set output EPS.eps EPS gv TEX LATEX

gnuplot.dvi

gnuplot.dvi gnuplot gnuplot 1 gnuplot exit 2 10 10 2.1 2 plot x plot sin(x) plot [-20:20] sin(x) plot [-20:20][0.5:1] sin(x), x, cos(x) + - * / ** 5 ** plot 2**x y =2 x sin(x) cos(x) exp(x) e x abs(x) log(x) log10(x)