Title Al 合金の軸荷重下における高サイクル疲労強度および疲労き裂進展特性に及ぼすレーザピーニング処理の影響 ( 本文 (Fulltext) ) Author(s) 越智, 保雄 Citation [ 材料 ] vol.[59] no.[12] p.[932]-[9 Issue Date 20
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1 Title Al 合金の軸荷重下における高サイクル疲労強度および疲労き裂進展特性に及ぼすレーザピーニング処理の影響 ( 本文 (Fulltext) ) Author(s) 越智, 保雄 Citation [ 材料 ] vol.[59] no.[12] p.[932]-[9 Issue Date 2010 Rights The 会 ) Society of Materials Science, Version 出版社版 (publisher version) postprin URL この資料の著作権は 各資料の著者 学協会 出版社等に帰属します
2 (Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan), Vol. 59, No. 12, pp , Dec Al Effects of Laser Peening Treatment on High Cycle Fatigue Strength and Fatigue Crack Behaviors under Axial Loading of Aluminum Alloy by Yasuo OCHI*, Takashi MATSUMURA, Takaaki IKARASHI, Kiyotaka MASAKI, Toshifumi KAKIUCHI, Yuji SANO and Takafumi ADACHI The axial fatigue tests with stress rations of 1.0 and 0.1 were conducted in order to investigate the effects of the laser peening (LP) treatment on the fatigue strength and the fatigue crack behaviors in the rolled aluminum alloy A7050 for aircraft structures. The LP treatment was effective for fatigue strength improvement in the fatigue lives before 2~ cycles, but the treatment reduced the strength after the cycles at the both stress ratio conditions. Fatigue cracks initiated at the surface on the higher stress amplitude levels, but the cracks initiated in the internal positions on the lower stress levels. From the observation results of fatigue crack behaviors, it was clear that the LP treatment could control the crack initiation and the propagation behaviors. The fatigue strength behaviors by the LP treatment were evaluated by the stress intensity factor range including the residual stress induced by the LP treatment. Key words : High cycle fatigue, Axial loading, Crack initiation, Crack propagation, Laser peening treatment, Residual stress, Stress intensity factor, Aluminum alloy 1 (LP) 1) 7) Al AL LP 8) 12) Al A7050 LP 12) LP Ti I.Altenberger 13) Al A7050-T R = LP LP LP Al-Zn-Mg Al A7050-T7451 Table 1 Table 2 Fig Received Apr. 9, The Society of Materials Science, Japan Dept. of Mech. Eng. & Intelligent Systems, Univ. of Electro- Communications, Tokyo, Chofugaoka, Chofu, Graduate School, Univ. of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Chofugaoka, Chofu, Dept. of Mech. System Eng., Okinawa National College of Tech., Henoko, Nago, Dept. of Mech. System Eng., Fuculty of Eng., Gifu Univ. Yanagito, Gifu, Power and Industrial System Res. and Develop. Center, Toshiba Corporation, Isogo-Ku, Yokohama, Aerospace Company, Eng. And Develop. Center, Fuji Heavy Industries, LTD., Yonan, Utsunomioya,
3 Al 933 Table 1 Chemical composition of material. [wt.%] Table 2 Heat treatment conditions. Fig. 3 Process of laser peening treatment. Fig. 1 Shape of fatigue specimen. nonpeening (n.p.) 0.2% σ 0.2 = 465MPa σ B = 520MPa φ = 13% Hole Hole n.p. Fig. 1 Fig mm mm 2 2 LP n.p. R Table. 3 LP LP Al LP LP Fig. 3 Hole 160MPa R = MPa (R = 0.1) Fig. 4 2a = 1500μm 2500μm LP Hole- LP Fig. 4 Schematic diagram of pre-crack. 2 3 MTS R = f = 30 40Hz (SEM) LP LP Ra Ry 25gr. 20 X n.p. LP Table 4 LP R = 1.0 σ a = 300MPa σ a = 140MPa z θ Table 4 Conditions of X-ray diffraction method. Fig. 2 Shape and dimension of small drilled hole. Table 3 Conditions of laser peening treatment.
4 LP LP Table 5 n.p. Ra = 0.35μm Ry = 2.90μm LP 6 LP Fig. 5 n.p. 160Hv LP n.p. 160Hv 175Hv n.p. 15Hv 600μm 10) 12) LP X Table 6 n.p. LP LP 3 2 S-N Fig. 6 R = 1.0, 0.1 N f = 2~ LP n.p. LP LP n.p. R = n.p. σ a = 160MPa LP σ a = 120MPa LP 0.75 R = LP 0.83 SEM Fig. 7 (a), (b) 2 σ z 90MPa 190MPa σ θ 70MPa 120MPa 2 LP LP σ a = 300MPa σ z = 120MPa σ θ = 64MPa σ a = 140MPa σ z = 180MPa σ θ = 116MPa Table 5 Surface roughness values of the n.p. and LP treated materials. Fig. 6 S-N curves. Table 6 Values of residual stress of the n.p. and the LP treated materials. Fig. 5 Vickers hardness distribution of the n.p. and the LP treated materials. Fig. 7 Examples of fracture surface observations.
5 Al 935 n.p. LP N f = Fig. 7 (a) Fig. 7 (b) 2mm LP Fig. 7 (b) Fig. 11 (b) 3 3 n.p. LP N f = Fig. 8 R = n.p. N/N f = 0.50 N/N f = 0.90 LP N/N f = 0.72 LP da/dn ΔK Fig. 9 ΔK Murakami 14) n.p. R = R = 1.0 n.p. LP LP LP LP Hole- LP Fig. 10 Fig. 10 LP n.p. Hole LP LP R = 1.0 LP N/N f = 0.9 Hole-LP LP ΔK ΔK ΔK A ΔK ΔK C 15) Table 7 ΔK ΔK A > ΔK C R = 1.0 ΔK C/ΔK A 0.28 R = R = Fig. 8 Surface fatigue crack propagation curves of the n.p. and the LP materials. Fig. 10 Fatigue crack propagation curves of the Hole- LP materials. Table 7 Stress intensity factor range ΔK A and ΔK c. Fig. 9 Relations between da/dn and ΔK.
6 936 n.p. LP LP ΔK Murakami ΔK s ΔK i 14) (1) (2) LP 2a = 373.5μm LP 2a = 400μm = 354.5μm Fig. 11 (a) SEM Fig. 11 (b) d = 100μm Fig. 11 Examples of surface crack and internal defect. = πd 2 /4 = 88.6μm ΔK n.p. LP 8), 9) LP 115% 10) 12) n.p. 50μm LP 600μm σ z Fig. 12 R = 1.0 (1), (2) ΔK s ΔK i (1) (2) σ o ΔK s ΔK i σ a Table 6 σ a = 300MPa σ a = 140MPa ΔK s ΔK i N f Fig. 13 n.p. ΔK s > ΔK i LP N f = ΔK s ΔK i ΔK s > ΔK i ΔK s < ΔK i N f = Fig. 6 R = 1.0 S-N N f = Fig. 13 R = 1.0 LP ΔK i n.p. ΔK s N f = N f = n.p. N f = LP. Fig. 13 R = 1.0 Fig. 12 Estimated residual stress distributions. Fig. 13 Relations between ΔK s, ΔK i and N f.
7 Al 937 (1) (2) ΔK s ΔK i N f Fig. 6 (1) (2) 4 Al A7050-T7451 (LP) (1) R = N f = LP LP n.p. LP (2) n.p. LP (3) LP LP (4) n.p. LP LP H H20 H22 X 1 ) N. Mukai, N. Aoki, M. Obata, A. Ito, Y. Sano and C. Konagai, Laser processing for underwater mainte-nance in nuclear plants, Proceedings of 3rd JSME/ASME Inter. Conf. on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-3), Kyoto, Vol.III, pp (1995). 2 ) Y. Sano, M. Mukai, K. Okazaki and M. obata, Residual stress improvement in metal surface by underwater laser irradiation, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, Vol.121, pp (1997). 3 ) Y. Sano, M. Yoda, N. Mukai and M. Obata, Observation and modeling of laser peening phenomenon, The Review of Laser Engineering, Vol.26, No.11, pp (1998). 4 ) M. Obata, T. Kubo, Y. Sano, M. Yoda, N. Mukai, S. Shima and K. Kanno, Development of stress improvement technique using pulse laser irradiarion evaluation for type 304 stainless steel, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, Vol.49, pp (2000). 5 ) Y. Sano, M. Obata, T. kubo, N. Mukai, M. Yoda, K. Masaki and Y. Ochi, Retardation of crack initiation and growth in austenitic stainless steel by laser peening without protective coating, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol.417, pp (2006). 6 ) Y. Sano, K. Akita, K. Masaki, Y. Ochi, I. Altenberger and B. Schltes, Laser peening without protective coating as a surface enhancement technology, Journal of Laser Micro/ Nanoengineering, Vol.1, pp (2006). 7 ) Y. Sano, N. Mukai, Y. Makino, M. Tamura, M. Obata, M. Yoda, S. Shima and H. Kato, Enhancement of surface properties of metal materials by underwater laser processing, Review of Laser Engineering, Supplementary Volume, pp (2008). 8 ) Y. Ochi, K. Masaki, T. Matsumura, Y. Wakabayashi, Y. Sano and T. kubo, Effects of laser peening on high cycle fatigue property in austenitic stainless steel, CD-ROM of the 12nd Inter. Conf. on Experimental Mechanics (ICEM12), Bari, Italy, pp.1-8 (2004). 9 ) K. Masaki, Y. Ochi, T. Matsumura, K. Ikarashi and Y. Sano, Effects of laser peening treatment on high cycle fatigue and crack propagation behaviors in austenitic stainless steel, Journal of Power and Energy Systems, Vol.4, No.1, pp (2010). 10) K. Masaki, Y. Ochi, Y. Kumagai, T. Matsumura, Y. Sano and H. Naito, Influence of laser peening treatment on high-cycle fatigue properties of degassing processed AC4CH aluminum alloy, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, Vol.55, pp (2006). 11) Y. Ochi, K. Masaki, T. Matsumura, Y. Sano, K. Akita and K. Kajiwara, Effects of laser peening on fatigue crack behaviors in pre-cracked cast aluminum alloys, Key Engineering Materials, Vols , pp (2007). 12) K. Masaki, Y. Ochi, T. Matsumura and Y. Sano, Effects of laser peening treatment on high cycle fatigue property of degassed processed cast aluminum alloy, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vols , pp (2007). 13) I. Altenberger, Y. Sano, I. Nikitin and B. Scholtes, Fatigue behaviour and residual stress state of laser- shock peened materials at ambient and elevated temperatures, CD- ROM of Inter. Conf. on Fatigue (Fatigue 2006), Beijing, China, pp.1-8 (2006). 14) Y. Murakami, Stress Intensity Factor Handbook II, p.657 (1986) The Society of Materials Science, Japan. 15) M. Shiratori, T. Miyoshi, Y. Sakai and G. r. Zhang, Analysis of stress intensity factors for surface cracks subjected to arbitrarily distributed surface surface stresses (3rd Report, Analysis and application of influence coefficients for round bars with a semiellipitical surface ceack), Trans. of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers A, Vol.53, pp (1987).
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