Fig.1 Relationship between contact time, W/FT and conversion, x Table 1 Data obtained from the continuous flow method for cyclohexane dehydrogenation

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Fig.1 Relationship between contact time, W/FT and conversion, x Table 1 Data obtained from the continuous flow method for cyclohexane dehydrogenation"

きよあつなぐも
4 years ago
Views:

1 Fig.1 Relationship between contact time, W/FT and conversion, x Table 1 Data obtained from the continuous flow method for cyclohexane dehydrogenation Fc=2.86x ~10-5 [mol/sec] * <Analysis of Reaction Rate in a Pulse Reaction Method> Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan ** Kenji Toyocla (Research Institute Received on March 10, 1967, Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.) *** Etsuro Echigoya (Dept. of Chem. Eng., Tokyo Institute of õ Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo Technology)

2 Fig. 4 Arrhenuis plot of rate constants calculated, assuming 0.5 th order reaction Fig. 2 Verification of the Langmuir equation Fig. 5 Temperature dependence on kb, obtained from the continuous flow method Fig. 3 Temperature dependence on kz, and Kcr

3 Table 2 Injected volume of the pulses at the various condition, hma. (0) and Pmax (0) for benzene Fig. 6 Flow sheet of the pulse reaction method

4 Fig. 8 Pulse injected volume vs. Sp Fig. 9 Pulse at the inlet of the catalyst bed

5 Table 3 Reaction rate constants calculated from Eq.(17) Fig. 10 Comparison between the pulse reaction method and the continuous flow method in Arrhenuis plots for the ben. zene hydrogenation

Table 4 Data obtained from the pulse reaction method for cyclohexane dehydrogenation Table 5 Data obtained from the pulse reaction method for cumene cracking Fig.

6 Table 4 Data obtained from the pulse reaction method for cyclohexane dehydrogenation Table 5 Data obtained from the pulse reaction method for cumene cracking Fig. 12 Comparison of the results obtained from the pulse reaction method with those from the continuous flow method for cumene cracking Fig. 11 Comparison of the results from the pulse reaction method with those from the continuous How method for the cyclohexane dehydrogenation ion

Nomenclature a: mole ratio of hydrogen to objective reactant in the feed [-] C: concentration of objective reactant in gas phase [mol/cc] E: activation energy of cyclohexane dehydrogenation

7 Nomenclature a: mole ratio of hydrogen to objective reactant in the feed [-] C: concentration of objective reactant in gas phase [mol/cc] E: activation energy of cyclohexane dehydrogenation [kcal/mol] f(a, x): rate factor, fici,.r)=kcri- WI Fr [ ] F: feed rate [cc/sec] h: dimensionless concentration, h=c/cr [-] k: reaction rate constant kl: reaction rate constant of cyclohexane dehydrogenation for Langmuir type [mol/g.sec] kp: reaction rate constant of cyclohexane dehydrogenation on the basis of pressure [mol/g.sec-atm 0.5] K: adsorption equilibruim constant of objective reactant between gas and solid phase [cc/g] Kr: adsorption equilibruim constant available for cyclohexane dehydrogenation [atm-1] : arbitrary length of catalyst bed l [cm] L: total length of catalyst bed [cm] NB: injected moles of benzene pulse [mol] P: pressure [atm] Q: heat of adsorption in cyclohexane dehydrogenation [kcal/mol] r: reaction rate [mol/g.see] S: cross-sectional area of catalyst bed [cm2] Sp: peak area recorded on the chart paper, Sp = t: time [sec] tp: time recorded on the chart paper (cm) dtpicit: chart speed of gas-chromatographic recorder [cm/see] T: absolute temperature [ K] u: linear velocity in the catalyst bed [cm/sec] Ve: void volume in the catalyst bed, V= SL (cc) Vp: electric volt recorded on gas-chromatographic recorder [cm] W: catalyst weight [g] x: conversion for the continuous flow method [-] X: conversion for the pulse reaction method [-]ƒà : proportional constant [mol/cc.em]ƒã : void fraction of catalyst [-] : substituted variable, ƒä=ƒì [-] 0: dimensionless time, ƒæ=t E/Vc [-]ƒ : substituted variable, ƒ =ƒæ-(1+ƒê)ƒì [-]ƒê : retarding ratio of objected reactant, =K. W/ Vc ƒê [-] : reduced length of catalyst bed, ƒì=1/l ƒì [-]

8 Subscripts B: benzene C: cyclohexane CU: cumene H: hydrogen T: total value max: peak value of pulse Literature cited 1) Al, M., Echigoya, E. and Ozaki, A.: Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute, 7, 46 (1965) 2) Bassett, D. W. and Habwood, H. W.: J. Phys. Chem., 64, 769 (1960) 3) Charles, D. P. and Rudolph, M. L.: "Advance in catalysis and related subjects" 8, 293, Academic press. (New York) (1956) 4) Canjar, L. N. and Manning, F. S.: J. Appl. Chem. (London), 12, 73 (1962) 5) Echigoya, K, Toyoda, K. and Morikawa, K.: Kagaku Kogaku, 32, 364 (1968) 6) Echigoya, E. and Ochiai, Y.: Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi, 69, 1858 (1966) 7) Flid, R. M.: Trudy Moskov. Inst. Tonhoi. Khim. Technol. im M. V. Lomonosov, 1958, 51 8) Gaziev, G.A., Filinovakii, V. Yu. and Yanovskii, M. L: Kinetics and Catalysis translated from Russian, 4, 599 (1962) 9) Kokes, R. J., Tobin, H. Jr. and Emmett, P. H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77, 5860 (1955) 10) Matsen, J. M., Harding, J. W. and Magee, M. E.: J. Phys. Chem., 69, 522 (1965) 11) Motard, R. L., Burke, R. F., Canjar, L. N. and Beckmann, R. B.: J. Apple. Chem. (London), 7, 1 (1957) 12) Nozaki, F., Nishiyama, M., Echigoya, E. and Morikawa, K.: J. Japan Petroleum Institute, 7, 36 (1964) 13) Ross, R. A. and Valentine, J. H.: J. Catalysis, 2, 39 (1963) 14) Saito, H., Murakami, Y. and Hattori, T.: Kagaku Kagaku (Chem. Eng., Japan), 29, 585 (1965) 15) Schwab, G. M. and Watson, A. M.: J. Catalysis, 4, 570 (1965) 16) Tamaru, K.: Nature, 183, 319 (1959) *<On the Agglomeration of Damp Powders in a Rotating Drum Size distribution of agglomerates-> Received on December 28, 1967 ** Isao Sekiguchi and Heiichiro Tohata (Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo)

Fig. 1 Flow diagram of experimental apparatus employed Fig. 2 Porosity change during sulfurization of reduced sample pellets

Fig. 1 Flow diagram of experimental apparatus employed Fig. 2 Porosity change during sulfurization of reduced sample pellets Fig. 4 Simultaneous reduction-sulfurization and direct sulfurization of iron