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1 計画系 707 号 カテゴリー Ⅰ 日本建築学会計画系論文集第 80 巻第 707 号, ,2015 年 ₁ 月 J. Archit. Plann., AIJ, Vol. 80 No. 707, , Jan., 2015 大規模都市施設における救急の現場到達所要時間計算式の構築及び分析 評価 都市の安全 安心のための都市施設の基礎的研究その 1 ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE TIME REQUIRED TO ARRIVE AT THE SPOT FOR FIRST AID IN LARGE-SCALE URBAN FACILITIES Basic study on urban facilities for security and relief in cities Part 1 磯部孝之 * **, 吉川徹 Takayuki ISOBE and Tohru YOSHIKAWA This article analyzes the time required to arrive at the spot for first aid in recent large-scale urban facilities with skyscrapers in preparation for super aged society of Japan. For the horizontal movement time, a formula was constructed by combining the weighed Voronoi diagrams in the Manhattan distance. For the vertical movement time, a formula for a bus was applied to fire service elevators. The result on a model skyscraper with three types of building core showed that the travel time varies from 19 seconds to 4 minutes, which suggests the effect of the improvement in the operation of elevators. Keywords : Response time, Travel time, Vertical movement time, Horizontal movement time, Weighted Voronoi diagrams, skyscrapers 1. (1)(2) 2. * ** 首都大学東京大学院都市環境科学研究科建築学域 Doctoral Course, Department of Architecture and Building Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan 博士後期課程 修士 ( 工学 ) Univ., M. Eng. 首都大学東京大学院都市環境科学研究科建築学域 Prof., Department of Architecture and Building Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., 教授 博士 ( 工学 ) Dr. Eng

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10 Commins Commins, R. et al.: Survival of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with early initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation Am. J. Emerg. Med.3 (2), pp ,

11 ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE TIME REQUIRED TO ARRIVE AT THE SPOT FOR FIRST AID IN LARGE-SCALE URBAN FACILITIES Basic study on urban facilities for security and relief in cities Part 1 Takayuki ISOBE * and Tohru YOSHIKAWA ** * Doctoral Course, Department of Architecture and Building Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., M. Eng. ** Prof., Department of Architecture and Building Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., Dr. Eng. In cities of the super aged society of modern Japan, where buildings are becoming large-scale and super high-rise, the frequency of critical situations caused by cardiac arrests of elderly people is expected to increase. In order to prepare for such emergencies, it is necessary to analyze the time required for emergency services to arrive at the place of the casualty. In this study, by using the model of a large-scale skyscraper, analysis was conducted on the emergency response time, which was divided into the response time: the period of time taken by an ambulance to leave the station and arrive at the building site; and the travel time: the period of time taken by the emergency service to reach a victim inside the building. In particular, the vertical and horizontal movement times within the building were analyzed to focus on the travel time. For this purpose, formulas were developed to evaluate the vertical and horizontal movement times within the building when the travel time of an ambulance service extends to a long period in the case of large-scale urban facilities. Using these formulas, analysis and evaluations were conducted on a building model constructed in reference to the largest skyscraper of the four facilities surveyed. The travel times of the following three types of building core in the typical floor of the building model were compared: a standard central building core, a sandwich-type building core and an eccentric building core. For the horizontal movement time, a formula was constructed by combining the weighted Voronoi diagrams in the Manhattan distance. When assuming the probability of the location of a casualty was the same, the weighted average distance was calculated. As a result, the average distance of an emergency service to reach a casualty was approximately 51 meters on a typical floor of the standard central building core. When the speed of an emergency service to tow a stretcher is assumed to be a general walking speed, the horizontal movement time was calculated as 38 seconds. For the vertical movement time, a formula was constructed by adapting a calculation method for a bus in a previous study to the movement time of an emergency elevator. By applying the above formula, the maximum, average and minimum values of the time required for first aid to arrive were calculated. The maximum value when an elevator was recalled to the top floor in the modeled building was 147 seconds, and the intermediate value when it was recalled to the intermediate floor was 75 seconds. The maximum travel time took approximately four minutes in the case of a standard central building core. Comparison among the three types of building core indicated that the minimum travel time was approximately 19 seconds, the intermediate value was 2 minutes, and the worst value was 4 minutes. This is a value that cannot be ignored. The share of the vertical movement time varies from 50 per cent to 70 per cent, according to the types of building core. These results suggest that improvement in the operation of fire service elevators as an urban facility for first aid would shorten the travel time effectively. As a future issue, it is necessary to conduct analysis and evaluation with regard to the causal relationship between the survival rate and the survival curve for the total of first aid response time and travel time. At the same time, suggestions should be made on improvement in the performance of the elevators, appropriate placements of AEDs and the utilization of disaster prevention centers. (2014 年 ₁ 月 ₉ 日原稿受理,2014 年 ₉ 月 26 日採用決定 )

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