Copyright 2004, 2005 GNU ( 1.1 ) GNU Free Documentation License GNU B

Transcription

1 L A TEX 2ε 0.3d Thor Watanabe Dept. of System Infromation Science Future University-Hakodate [email protected] ([email protected])

2 Copyright 2004, 2005 GNU ( 1.1 ) GNU Free Documentation License GNU B

3 L A TEX 2ε CMYK CMYK GreenYellow 0.15, 0, 0.69, 0 RoyalPurple 0.75, 0.90, 0, 0 Yellow 0, 0, 1, 0 BlueViolet 0.86, 0.91, 0, 0.04 Goldenrod 0, 0.10, 0.84, 0 Periwinkle 0.57, 0.55, 0, 0 Dandelion 0, 0.29, 0.84, 0 CadetBlue 0.62, 0.57, 0.23, 0 Apricot 0, 0.32, 0.52, 0 CornflowerBlue 0.65, 0.13, 0, 0 Peach 0, 0.50, 0.70, 0 MidnightBlue 0.98, 0.13, 0, 0.43 Melon 0, 0.46, 0.50, 0 NavyBlue 0.94, 0.54, 0, 0 YellowOrange 0, 0.42, 1, 0 RoyalBlue 1, 0.50, 0, 0 Orange 0, 0.61, 0.87, 0 Blue 1, 1, 0, 0 BurntOrange 0, 0.51, 1, 0 Cerulean 0.94, 0.11, 0, 0 Bittersweet 0, 0.75, 1, 0.24 Cyan 1, 0, 0, 0 RedOrange 0, 0.77, 0.87, 0 ProcessBlue 0.96, 0, 0, 0 Mahogany 0, 0.85, 0.87, 0.35 SkyBlue 0.62, 0, 0.12, 0 Maroon 0, 0.87, 0.68, 0.32 Turquoise 0.85, 0, 0.20, 0 BrickRed 0, 0.89, 0.94, 0.28 TealBlue 0.86, 0, 0.34, 0.02 Red 0, 1, 1, 0 Aquamarine 0.82, 0, 0.30, 0 OrangeRed 0, 1, 0.50, 0 BlueGreen 0.85, 0, 0.33, 0 RubineRed 0, 1, 0.13, 0 Emerald 1, 0, 0.50, 0 WildStrawberry 0, 0.96, 0.39, 0 JungleGreen 0.99, 0, 0.52, 0 Salmon 0, 0.53, 0.38, 0 SeaGreen 0.69, 0, 0.50, 0 CarnationPink 0, 0.63, 0, 0 Green 1, 0, 1, 0 Magenta 0, 1, 0, 0 ForestGreen 0.91, 0, 0.88, 0.12 VioletRed 0, 0.81, 0, 0 PineGreen 0.92, 0, 0.59, 0.25 Rhodamine 0, 0.82, 0, 0 LimeGreen 0.50, 0, 1, 0 Mulberry 0.34, 0.90, 0, 0.02 YellowGreen 0.44, 0, 0.74, 0 RedViolet 0.07, 0.90, 0, 0.34 SpringGreen 0.26, 0, 0.76, 0 Fuchsia 0.47, 0.91, 0, 0.08 OliveGreen 0.64, 0, 0.95, 0.40 Lavender 0, 0.48, 0, 0 RawSienna 0, 0.72, 1, 0.45 Thistle 0.12, 0.59, 0, 0 Sepia 0, 0.83, 1, 0.70 Orchid 0.32, 0.64, 0, 0 Brown 0, 0.81, 1, 0.60 DarkOrchid 0.40, 0.80, 0.20, 0 Tan 0.14, 0.42, 0.56, 0 Purple 0.45, 0.86, 0, 0 Gray 0, 0, 0, 0.50 Plum 0.50, 1, 0, 0 Black 0, 0, 0, 1 Violet 0.79, 0.88, 0, 0 White 0, 0, 0, 0 I color I

4 L A TEX 2ε a b a N b a M b S y y y q {a, b, y} II PSTricks %\usepackage[dvips]{graphicx,color} %\usepackage{pst-all,pstcol} \begin{textoeps} \begin{math} \rput(0,3.5){\rnode{root}\relax} \cnodeput[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=cyan](1,3){n}{n} \cnodeput[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=magenta](3,3){m}{m} \cnodeput[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=yellow](5,3){s}{s} \cnodeput[doubleline=true,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red](3,1){q}{q} \psset{arrows=->,labelsep=3pt} \ncarc{n}{m} \Aput{b} \ncarc{m}{s} \Aput{a} \ncarc{s}{m} \Aput{b} \ncline{n}{q} \Bput{y} \ncline{m}{q} \Aput{y} \ncline{s}{q} \Aput{y} \ncline[doubleline=true]{root}{n} \nccircle{->}{n}{10pt} \Bput{a} \nccircle{->}{m}{10pt} \Bput{b} \nccircle{->}{s}{10pt} \Bput{a} \nccircle[anglea=180]{->}{q}{10pt} \Bput{\{a,b,y\}} \end{math} \end{textoeps} II

5 L A TEX L A TEX Michel Goossens Sebastian Rahtz Frank Mittelbach Leslie Lamport 1 5,000 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε [28] 3,000 L A TEX [29] 4,800 L A TEX [30] 5,400 L A TEX Web [31] 4, ,000 Lamport L A TEX Richard Stallman L A TEX A FUNNIST FUNNIST Future Univeristy-Hakodate FUN Tutorial i

6 L A TEX 2ε Network Information System Future University-Hakodate Network and Information System Tutorial FUNNIST dvips dvips dvips dvips dvips 3.19 dvips 3.21 dvips dvips dvips dvips ii

7 L A TEX TEX Donald Knuth L A TEX Leslie Lamport L A TEX 2ε Frank Mittelbach Johannes Braams David Carlisle Michael Downes Alan Jeffery Sebastian Rahtz Chris Rowley Rainer Schöpf TEX Windows ptex dviout BIBTEX Oren Patashnik MakeIndex Pehong Chen Nelson Beebe dvipdfm Mark Wicks Dvipdfmx Cho Jin-Hwan PostScript PDF Adobe TEX iii

8 L A TEX 2ε [email protected] iv

9 Perl Perl? O Reilly Associates O Reilly ( ) GNU GNU O Reilly Associates ( GNU ) GNU O Reilly GNU Perl v

10 L A TEX 2ε ( ) OK (GNU )? vi

11 L A TEX 2ε GNU Copyright (c) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111, USA vii

12 L A TEX 2ε Free Software Foundation Free Software Foundation (HP ) Richard Stallman *1 GNU Free Software Foundation FSF *2 FSF *1 [email protected] *2 [email protected] viii

13 i iii v TEX WYSIWYG L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX ix

14 L A TEX 2ε DVI PS dvips(k) DVI PDF DVI PDF HTML x

15 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX URL A 209 A.1 L A TEX A.2 L A TEX A A B GNU Free Documentation License APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS xi

16 L A TEX 2ε 2. VERBATIM COPYING COPYING IN QUANTITY MODIFICATIONS COMBINING DOCUMENTS COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS TRANSLATION TERMINATION FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents xii

17 1 1 L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX OpenOffice.org Microsoft Office L A TEX L A TEX 1.2 TEX TEX [47] Donald Knuth TEX 1

18 1 L A TEX 2ε τ ɛ χ TEX TEX 1.3 WYSIWYG WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get TEX WYSIWYG WYSIWYG WYSIWYG What You See Is all You ve Get TEX 1.4 TEX 1.5 L A TEX TEX Leslie Lamport L A TEX Lamport L A TEX HTML <CENTER> </CENTER> 2

19 L A TEX 2ε 1.6 <CENTER> </CENTER> L A TEX 1 \begin{center} \end{center} HTML TEX L A TEX TEX TEX/L A TEX TEX L A TEX ptex pl A TEX L A TEX 2.09 L A TEX2.09 L A TEX2.09 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX3 1.6 Lamport L A TEX 2ε [28] [29 31] L A TEX 2ε [27] [34] Another Manual [35 37] L A TEX L A TEX A 1.7 Leslie Lamport L A TEX A Document Preparation System [28] L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX 150 Michel Goossens L A TEX [29] 2 3

20 1 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX Michel Goossens L A TEX [30] PostScript L A TEX World Wide Web L A TEX Michel Goossens L A TEX Web [31] 4

21 2 2 LATEX L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX DVI L A TEX PDF pdfl A TEX 1. L A TEX Emacs Unix OS emacs filename.tex & Emacs XEmacs latex latex platex 5

22 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε platex filename.tex filename.tex filename.dvi L A TEX Unix OS xdvi filename.dvi & & dviout Windows L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX Emacs hoge.tex \documentclass{jarticle} \begin{document} \LaTeX!! \end{document} Unix OS Emacs Emacs Emacs [ ]J.: Emacs: hoge.tex (LaTeX) [L1 All [ ] CTRL Y= [ ] [ ] [ ] / Windows Unix OS 6

23 L A TEX 2ε 2.1 L A TEX Windows [ ] [ ] command OK Windows 2 platex hoge.tex This is ptex Version p3.0.4 (sjis) (Web2C 7.3.9) platex2e (based on LaTeX2e <2001/06/01> patch level 0) (1) (./hoge.aux) ) Output written on hoge.dvi (1 page 236 bytes). Transcript written on hoge.log. hoge.dvi hoge.log hoge.tex hoge.log ls Windows dir ls hoge.* hoge.aux hoge.dvi hoge.log hoge.tex L A TEX hoge.tex hoge.aux hoge.dvi hoge.tex DVI hoge.log hoge.tex hoge.tex L A TEX 7

24 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε # $ % & _ { } ~ ^ \ L A TEX 3 < > 13 # \# $ \$ % \% & \& _ \_ { \{ } \} ~ \textasciitilde ^ \textasciicircum \ \textbackslash \textbar < \textless > \textgreater mkdir cd dir move copy del help Windows OS Windows 2.1 mkdir /? [ ] [ ] Windows 9.21 L A TEX Unix OS

25 L A TEX 2ε 2.1 mkdir help less less man mkdir info mkdir info less info Unix OS A Unix OS emacs hoge.tex & platex hoge.tex xdvi hoge.dvi & 2.2 Unix OS mkdir cd ls mv cp rm help man 2 Unix OS Windows mv move ls dir / Y= echo hogehoge >> hoge.txt echo gehogeho >> hoge.txt mkdir geho cd geho mv../hoge.txt./ ls more./hoge.txt ls../ geho hoge.txt geho hoge.txt 9

26 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX? 2.3 error.tex \documentclass{jarticle} \begin{document} Hello & Goodbye! Give me $100! Give me 100%! Under_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing #? No its \#. Hello \& Goodbye!! \end{document}! Misplaced alignment tab character &. 1.3 Hello & Goodbye! Give me $100! Give me 100%?? 3 & Enter! You can t use macro parameter character # in math mode. l.4 Under_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing #? # 1 Enter! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $ l.6 \end{document}? $ Hello \& Goodbye! Give me \$100! Give me 100%! Under_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing \#? No its \#. Hello \& Goodbye!! 3 & $ 4 # \ 10

27 L A TEX 2ε 2.1! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $ l.4 Under_ bar is stranger. Is sharp sing \#?? 2 $ 4 _ $ Enter! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $ l.6 \end{document}? Overfull \hbox ( pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 3--6 []\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 Hello & Good-bye! Give me $100! Give me 100Under$[]\OML/cmm/m/it/10 arisstranger:issharpsing \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 #?\OML/cmm/m/it/10 Noits[]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 # \OML/cmm/m/it/10 :Hello\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 &\OML/cmm/m/it/10 Goodbye\OT1/cmr/m/n/10!!$ Overfull \hbox DVI error.dvi <inserted text> $ L A TEX $ b r Give me 100Under b %! Under error.tex Hello \& Goodbye! Give me \$100! Give me 100\%! Under\_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing \#? No its \#. Hello \& Goodbye!! L A TEX?? 11

28 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε Type <return> to proceed, S to scroll future error messages, R to run without stopping, Q to run quietly, I to insert something, E to edit your file, 1 or... or 9 to ignore the next 1 to 9 tokens of input, H for help, X to quit.?? Enter S R Q L A TEX Enter Q I H X X Enter * Enter * (Please type a command or say \end ) \end{document} OS Windows dviout Unix xdvi Red Hat pxdvi hoge.dvi Windows dviout Unix OS xdvi hoge.dvi xdvi xdvi hoge & 12

29 L A TEX 2ε 2.1 Unix OS & DVI dviout xdvi xdvi 2 Quit Abort Quit xdvi Reread file.dvi First Prev Next Last View PS PostScript File DVI Quit DVI DVI PostScript Windows dvipsk dvips -o hoge.ps hoge.dvi hoge.dvi hoge.ps hoge.ps ps2pdf hoge.ps hoge.pdf PDF hoge.pdf Postscript hoge.ps lpr -P hoge.ps 13

30 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε.tex platex hoge L A TEX hoge.tex L A TEX L A TEX Kpathsearch hoge.tex platex hoge Kpathsearch texmf.cnf $texmf/web2c/ $texmf L A TEX Unix OS /usr/local/lib/texmf/ Windows C:Y=usrY=localY=shareY=texmfY= kpsewhich texmf.cnf texmf.cnf L A TEX Kpathsearch kpsewhich less kpsewhich book.cls book.cls $texmf less L A TEX ( ) \documentclass[,... ]{ }[ ] ( ) \begin{document} ( ) \end{document} \documentclass document 14

31 L A TEX 2ε 2.1 document L A TEX 2 Windows \alpha \maketitle \begin{ } \end{ } \begin{center} \end{center} {} \section{ } [] \documentclass[ ]{jbook} L A TEX

32 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε filename.tex hoge.foo 2.2 L A TEX L A TEX..dtx 1.cls 2.cls,... n.cls.dtx.sty.ins classes.dtx.sty.cls.clo.fd.tex.sty.cls.clo.bib.ist.bst L A TEX BIBTEX 16

33 L A TEX 2ε 2.3.eps Adobe PostScript L A TEX 2.log.aux.dvi.toc.lof.lot.bbl.blg.idx.ind.ilg L A TEX 1 L A TEX BIBTEX thebibliography BIBTEX MakeIndex mendex makeindex theindex makeindex 2.3 L A TEX L A TEX \documentclass[,... ]{ }[ ] ( ) \begin{document} ( ) \end{document} \documentclass filecontents 17

34 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \begin{filecontents}{ } \end{filecontents} filecontents EPS EPS * \begin{filecontents*}{< >} %!PS-Adobe \end{filecontents*} filecontents \documentclass \documentclass[,... ]{ }[ ] YYYY/MM/DD jarticle \documentclass[11pt,a4j]{jarticle}[2003/12/31] L A TEX Warning \usepackage \usepackage[,... ]{ }[ ] \usepackage \documentclass L A TEX Dvipdfmx 18

35 L A TEX 2ε 2.3 \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx}[2001/01/01] graphicx \documentclass[10pt,a4paper,twocolumn]{article} 10pt a4paper twocolumn, graphicx amsmath makeidx \usepackage{graphicx,amsmath,makeidx} \documentclass[10pt,a4paper,oneside]{jarticle} \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx} \usepackage[dvipdfm,usenames]{color} \begin{document}. \end{document} L A TEX \listfiles \listfiles filename.log \documentclass{jbook} \listfiles \begin{document} hoge \end{document} filename.tex platex L A TEX This is ptex Version p3.1.2 (sjis)(web2c 7.5.2) *File List* pldefs.ltx 2000/07/13 v1.2 platex Kernel jy1mc.fd 1997/01/24 v1.3 KANJI font defines jy1gt.fd 1997/01/24 v1.3 KANJI font defines kinsoku.tex plpatch.ltx jbook.cls 2001/10/04 v1.3 Standard platex class 19

36 2 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε jbk10.clo 2001/10/04 v1.3 Standard platex file *********** Output written on filename.dvi (1 page 216 bytes). Transcript written on filename.log. jbook 20

37 3 3 L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX 3.2 \title{ } \author{ } \date{ } L A TEX \begin{document} 21

38 3 L A TEX 2ε \maketitle \documentclass{jarticle} \title{ \LaTeX} \author{ } \date{ } \begin{document} \maketitle {\LaTeX} \end{document} L A TEX L A TEX \and \thanks \author{ \thanks{ } \and \thanks{ }\and \thanks{ }} 3.2 \author{ \\ \\ [email protected]} 3.1 \thanks \and \author{ \thanks{ [email protected]}}

39 L A TEX 2ε 3.3 \author{ \\ \\ \and \\ \\ \and \\ \\ } \and \\ L A TEX 3.1 \section 3.1 L A TEX \part[ ]{ } \chapter[ ]{ } \section[ ]{ } \subsection[ ]{ } \subsubsection[ ]{ } \paragraph[ ]{ } \subparagraph[ ]{ } article jarticle [ ] L A TEX 23

40 3 L A TEX 2ε \chapter{ } \section{ } \chapter{ } \section{ } \subsection{ } \part -1 0 \chapter 0 \section 1 \subsection 2 \subsubsection 3 \paragraph 4 \subparagraph 4 (j)article L A TEX (j)article L A TEX \tableofcontents \listoffigures \listoftables 2 mokuji.tex \documentclass{jarticle} \begin{document} \tableofcontents% \section{ } \subsection{ } \section{ } \subsection{ } \end{document} 24

41 L A TEX 2ε 3.4 mokuji.tex mokuji.dvi No file mokuji.aux. No file mokuji.toc. [1] (./mokuji.aux) ) 3 No File mokuji.aux mokuji.toc mokuji.aux \relax \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{section}{\numberline{1} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{1.1} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{section}{\numberline{2} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{2.1} }{1}} mokuji.toc mokuji.toc \contentsline{section}{\numberline{1} }{1} \contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{1.1} }{1} \contentsline{section}{\numberline{2} }{1} \contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{2.1} }{1} mokuji.aux 1 mokuji.tex (d:/usr/local/share/texmf/ptex/platex/js/jsarticle.cls Document Class: jsarticle 2004/02/25 okumura ) (./mokuji.aux) (./mokuji.toc) [1] (./mokuji.aux) ) mokuji.aux mokuji.toc mokuji.dvi

42 3 L A TEX 2ε tocdepth 3.2 jsbook \chapter \secounter{tocdepth}{0} (j)book (j)report 2 (j)article 3 jsbook secnumdepth secnumdepth 3.2 \subsection \setcounter{secnumdepth}{2} 3.5 (j)article abstract abstract \maketitle \maketitle \maketitle \begin{abstract} \end{abstract} (j)report \chapter* \chapter * \chapter*{ }\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ } jsbook abstract (j)book \frontmatter \chapter 26

43 L A TEX 2ε 3.6 \begin{document} \frontmatter% \chapter{ } \mainmatter% \chapter{ } L A TEX 1 \par \par \par L A TEX L A TEX \parindent \parindent=3em \indent \noindent 27

44 3 L A TEX 2ε \indent \noindent jreport indentfirst %\section{ } \indent \indent \par \noindent L A TEX \parskip \parindent=0pt% \parskip=10pt plus 0pt minus 0pt quote quotation quote list indent indentation indentation \begin{indentation}{3zw}{3zw} 3 3 \end{indentation} \begin{indentation}{0zw}{5zw} \end{indentation} \baselinestretch 28

45 L A TEX 2ε 3.7 \renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{2} doublespace \usepackage{doublespace} \parindent=0pt pt L A TEX 3.3 jsclasses 10pt 3.3 L A TEX in 1 in=25.4 mm=72.27 pt cm 1 cm=10 mm=28.3 pt mm 1 mm=2.83 pt pt 1 pt=0.35 mm em M ex x zw true cm truecm 3.8 I wish I could. 29

46 3 L A TEX 2ε I wish I could 10\,m 10 m, L A TEX 2 \footnote \marginpar \footnote \footnote{ } L A TEX \footnote *1 *1 30

47 L A TEX 2ε 3.10 \footnote{fourier Translation}... a... a Fourier Translation L A TEX \emph \emph{english Emphasize} \emph{ } English Emphasize \em L A TEX \emph \textit \em \/ \emph{future University-Hakodate} is interesting.\par {\em FUN\/} is funky?\par {\em FUN} is not funky? Future University-Hakodate is interesting. FUN is funky? FUN is not funky? 3.11 L A TEX \ \ { } $ & # ^ _ ~ % < > * fontenc T1 \usepackage[t1]{fontenc} 31

48 3 L A TEX 2ε 3.4 å \aa ø \o \dag Ð \DJ «\guillemotleft Å \AA Ø \O \ddag ŋ \ng» \guillemotright æ \ae ı \i \pounds Ŋ \NG \guilsinglleft Æ \AE j \j! þ \th \guilsinglright œ \oe ß \ss? Þ \TH \quotedblbase Œ \OE SS \SS ð \dh \quotesinglbase ł \l \S Ð \DH " \textquotedbl Ł \L \P d \dj 3.5 ü \"u ā \={a} à \ {a} ạ \d{a} ˇa \v{a} o \r{o} é \ {e} a \H{a} ā \b{a} c \k{c} ñ \~{n} ȧ \.{a} ô \^{o} o \c{o} ĭ \u{ı} oo \t{oo} 3.5 i j 3.4 \i \j J\"org {mu\ss} ein Gel\"ande f\"ur seine Fabrik erwerben. Jörg muß ein Gelände für seine Fabrik erwerben Y= okumacro ascmac textcomp \yen \textyen L A TEX Windows L A TEX L A TEX ASCII 0x80 0x7E L A TEX Unix OS ascii 32

49 L A TEX 2ε 3.11 ascii 8 L A TEX Y= \ 3 Unix L A TEX L A TEX \newcommand{\yen}{y\llap=} Y= \newcommand{\yen}{\ooalign{y\crcr\hss=\hss}} Y = \newcommand{\yen}{\ooalign{y\crcr\raise.1ex\hbox{\hss=\hss}}} textcomp fontenc \usepackage[t1]{fontenc} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{txfonts}% mathpazo, pxfonts 1 \textyen 33

50 3 L A TEX 2ε 3.12 L A TEX 3.13 % \% comment Victor Eijkhout comment %\usepackage{comment} % \begin{comment} \end{comment} 3.14 \verb+ + verbatim \begin{verbatim} \end{verbatim} \verb #include<stdio.h>... \begin{verbatim} int main( void ){ int hoge = 0x7E; printf("%c\n",hoge); } \end{verbatim} #include<stdio.h>... int main( void ){ int hoge = 0x7E; printf("%c\n",hoge); } 34

51 L A TEX 2ε 3.15 \verb verbatim \verb \verb 134, \verb+456+, \verb9 () 9.\par \verb* 1 3 5, \verb*9ok? ok?9.\par \begin{verbatim*} int main( void ){ \end{verbatim*} 134, 456, () , ok? ok?. int main( void ){ Shift 7 L A TEX Word L A TEX 1 quote quotation quote quotation \begin{quote} quote \end{quote} \begin{quotation} quotation \end{quotation} quote \begin{quote} quotation \end{quote} quote quotation 35

52 3 L A TEX 2ε FUN Future University-Hakodate FUN FUN Future University-Hakodate FUN L A TEX \newcommand{\qu}[1]{ #1 }% \newcommand{\qq}[1]{ #1 }% 1 \newcommand{\yo}[1]{ #1 }% \newcommand{\yy}[1]{ #1 }% 1 \yo \yy \newcommand{\yo}[1]{ #1 }% \newcommand{\yy}[1]{ #1 }% 1 \yo{ \qu{i think, therefore I am.} } I think, therefore I am \emph Italic shape 2 \emph{ article s Name } 2004 \emph{natural} 2004 Natural \yousyo \wasyo \newcommand{\yousyo}[1]{\emph{#1}}% \newcommand{\wasyo}[1]{ #1 }% 36

53 L A TEX 2ε \yousyo{natural} \wasyo{ } 2004 Natural en-dash em-dash - okumacro en-dash -- em-dash --- \ \ - - $-$ When I was a young---a little dog---i could read about books in a day. This is a just fairy-tale. When I was a young a little dog I could read about books in a day. This is a just fairy-tale. 1 {\TeX} \mbox{for-each} Perl \mbox{foreach} \mbox{x-ray} Future \mbox{university-hakodate} \mbox{if-then} TEX for-each Perl foreach X-ray Future University-Hakodate if-then 37

54 3 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX \hyphenation{ } \- \- Ghost\-script \hyphenation \hyphenation{ghost-script Post-Script} George Johnson and George Brahms always say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, they always say super\-cali\-fragilistic\-expi% ali\-docious, and Robert sometimes say \mbox{supercalifragilisticexpialidocious}. George Johnson and George Brahms always say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, they always say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, and Robert sometimes say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious. super \mbox \hyphenation{su-per-cali-frag-ilis-tic-ex-pi-ali-doci-ous} \hyphenation{super-cali-fragilistic-expiali-docious} \ Windows Y= \\ 3.15 \\*[ ] \newline \par \newline \bs\ \par 38

55 L A TEX 2ε 3.16 \verb \\ \\ \\[1cm] \par \newline \\ TEX Fifth files were found in a folder and were shuffled by anyone.\par Fifth f{}iles were found in a folder and were shuf{}f{}led by anyone. Fifth files were found in a folder and were shuffled by anyone. Fifth files were found in a folder and were shuffled by anyone. fl ffl My name is Thor. L A TEX I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. I wish I could. I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. I wish I could. Mr. Right N.Y. I 39

56 3 L A TEX 2ε \ \@ I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. Let me do.\par I want to be a Mr.\ Right and go to N.Y\@. Let me do. I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. Let me do. I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. Let me do. L A TEX \ \@ \par ~ Mr.~Sato read page~10 and looked at figure~3 and table~2 in the book. Mr. Sato read page 10 and looked at figure 3 and table 2 in the book. Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. \par \, Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. \, Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello TEX 4 1 \mbox hoge \par \mbox{}hoge\mbox{} hoge hoge 40

57 L A TEX 2ε 3.17 L A TEX TEX 3 TEX \LaTeX \TeX \\ \LaTeX\ \TeX \\ {\LaTeX} {\TeX} \\ {\LaTeX} {\TeX}\\ L A TEX TEX L A TEX TEX L A TEX TEX L A TEX TEX \TeX and {\LaTeX}are very famous.\\ {\TeX} and {\LaTeX} are very pupular. TEXand L A TEXare very famous. TEX and L A TEX are very pupular. \TeX \TeX flushleft \raggedright center \centering flushright \raggedleft center 1 flushright flushleft 41

58 3 L A TEX 2ε \begin{flushleft} \\ \end{flushleft} \begin{center} \\ \\ \end{center} \begin{flushright} \\ flushright \end{flushright} flushright \begin{flushright} \\ \end{flushright} \begin{flushleft} \begin{flushright} \\ \end{flushleft} \end{flushright} \begin{center} \end{center} 2004 \begin{flushright} \end{flushright}

59 L A TEX 2ε itemize enumerate 1 (a) i A description \item 3 itemize \item itemize \item[\#] \begin{itemize} \item \item[*] \begin{itemize} \item \end{itemize} \end{itemize} * \begin{enumerate} \item \item \begin{description} \item[ ] \item[ ] \end{description} \end{enumerate}

60 3 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX 3.8 {\ } 3.8 \tiny \scriptsize \footnotesize \small \normalsize \large \Large \LARGE \huge \Huge {\scriptsize } {\Large } \kyocho \newcommand{\kyocho}[1]{{\large#1}} \newcommand{\kyocho}[1]{{\large#1}} \kyocho{ } \Kyocho{ } 44

61 L A TEX 2ε \ 10 pt 11 pt 12 pt \tiny 5 pt 6 pt 6 pt \scriptsize 7 pt 8 pt 8 pt \footnotesize 8 pt 9 pt 10 pt \small 9 pt 10 pt 11 pt \normalsize 10 pt 11 pt 12 pt \large 12 pt 12 pt 14 pt \Large 14 pt 14 pt 17 pt \LARGE 17 pt 17 pt 20 pt \huge 20 pt 20 pt 25 pt \Huge 25 pt 25 pt 25 pt L A TEX \textrm \rmfamily ABCabc \textsf \sffamily ABCabc \texttt \ttfamily ABCabc \textmd \mdseries ABCabc \textbf \bfseries ABCabc \textit \itshape ABCabc \textsl \slshape ABCabc \textsc \scshape ABCabc 45

62 3 L A TEX 2ε \textsf{\textbf{\textit{i like sushi.}}} {\sffamily\bfseries\itshape I like sushi.} I like sushi. I like sushi. \texttt{\textbf{type writer and bold extended?}} I like \textsc{small caps} and \textit{\textbf{bold italic}}. {\ttfamily \bfseries type writer and bold extended} Type writer and bold extended? I like small caps and bold italic. type writer and bold extended {\Large\textbf Large Bold?} \\ {\textbf\large Bold Large?} Large Bold? Bold Large? 3.11 pl A TEX 3.11 \textmc \mcfamily \textgt \gtfamily \textgt{ } {\gtfamily } L A TEX Donald Knuth Computer Modern Computer Modern [27] Young Ryu txfonts 46

63 L A TEX 2ε 3.20 Times mathptmx Palatino mathpazo pxfonts txfonts 3.20 L A TEX L A TEX ptex 1 [51] L A TEX Frank Mittelbach Rainer Schöpf syntonly \syntaxonly syntonly \documentclass{jsarticle} \usepackage{syntonly} \syntaxonly \begin{document} I like {\LaTex}.% \end{document} 47

64 3 L A TEX 2ε DVI 3.21 L A TEX class package L A TEX2.09 L A TEX L A TEX \documentclass[ ]{ } \usepackage[ ]{ } 11 2 \documentclass[twocolumn,11pt]{jarticle} \usepackage[dvips]{color} \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} 2 twocolumn 11pt \documentclass[twocolumn,11pt]{jarticle} \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx,color}.cls.sty L A TEX pl A TEX classes.dtx classes.ins classes.cls %% This is file class.cls, %% generated with the docstrip utility. 48

65 L A TEX 2ε 3.21 %% The original source files were: %% classes.dtx (with options: option ) option classes.dtx Unix OS find /usr/local/share/texmf/ -name classes.dtx 3 Windows Macintosh classes.dtx classes.ins platex classes.dtx platex classes.ins DocStrip classes.ins article.cls report.cls book.cls bk10.clo bk11.clo bk12.clo size10.clo size11.clo size12.clo article classes.dtx L A TEX report classes.dtx L A TEX book classes.dtx L A TEX slides slides.dtx proc article proc.dtx article report book classes jarticle jreport jbook tarticle treport tbook 49

66 3 L A TEX 2ε jarticle jreport jbook jclasses \documentclass 10pt 11pt 12pt 10pt a4paper a5paper b5paper letterpaper b4paper a4j a5j b4j b5j geometry jsclasses landscape oneside twoside oneside twoside onecolumn twocolumn 1 onecolumn 2 twocolumn titlepage notitlepage titlepage notitlepage fleqn leqno draft final draft final final openright openany (j)report (j)book openright openany (j)report openany (j)book openright jsclasses jsarticle jsbook jspf jclasses *2 jsarticle jsbook jspf jsclasses 9pt 10pt 11pt 12pt 14pt 17pt 20pt 21pt 25pt 30pt 36pt 43pt 12Q 14Q *2 (j)classes 50

67 L A TEX 2ε 3.21 a4paper a5paper a6paper b5paper b4paper a4j a5j b4j b5j a4var b5var english L A TEX \usepackage[ ]{ } platex filename.dtx filename.dvi DVI filename.dtx Windows Unix OS find L A TEX $texmf/tex/latex/base L A TEX AMS-L A TEX American Mathematical Society AMS-TEX TEX L A TEX AMS-L A TEX amsmath babel L A TEX A.4 graphicx color tools L A TEX3 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3 tools $texmf/tex/latex/tools array calc array tabular tabular* L A TEX 51

68 3 L A TEX 2ε dcolumn delarray hhline longtable tabularx tabular afterpage \clearpage \afterpage bm enumerate enumerate fontsmpl ftnright 2 indentfirst jarticle jreport \chapter \section layout multicol showkeys \label \ref \cite keys theorem varioref verbatim verbatim xr xspace 52

69 4 4 L A TEX 4.1 Oren Patashnik BIBTEX JBIBTEX 4.2 thebibliography \bibitem[ ]{ } thebibliography 53

70 4 L A TEX 2ε \begin{thebibliography}{ } \bibitem[ ]{ } \end{thebibliography} \cite{ } Donald Knutu \emph{\tex }~\cite{tex book} \begin{thebibliography}{9} \bibitem{tex book} Donald~E. Knuth. {\TeX}., \end{thebibliography} thebibliography 9 \begin{thebibliography}{9} 2 \begin{thebibliography}{99} thebibliography \bibitem[ ]{ }..,. Taro Mirai 54

71 L A TEX 2ε 4.3 \bibitem[hokkai 1997]{HM1997a} Michiko Hokkai.\ \emph{going My Way}.\ 1997,\ Future.\ \bibitem[hokkai 1999]{HM1999a}.\.\ 1999,\.\ \bibitem[watanabe 2000]{NN2000a}.\.\ 2000,\ NNN.\ [Hokkai 1999] [Watanabe 2000] 4 Michiko Hokkai 2 [ ] [ ] 4.3 L A TEX JBIBTEX [78, 79] J BIBTEX L A TEX.bib {, 1 ={ 1 }, 2 ={ 2 }, } 55

72 4 L A TEX author = { }, yomi = {Toru Watanabe}, title = { }, publisher = { }, year = {2004}, note = book book TW2004a author yomi title publisher year note yomi hoge.bib \cite L A TEX \bibliography \bibliographystyle{ } \bibliography{ }.bib.bib JBIBTEX platex file.tex jbibtex file 56

73 L A TEX 2ε 4.3 platex file.tex platex file.tex \cite 4 \nocite{ } hoge.tex \documentclass{jsarticle} \begin{document} ~\cite{tw2004a} \bibliographystyle{jplain} \bibliography{ref} \end{document} author = { }, yomi = {Toru Watanabe}, title = { }, publisher = { }, year = {2004}, note = { }} hoge.tex 1 LaTeX Warning: Citation TW2004a on page 1 undefined on input line 3. No file hoge.bbl. LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references. No file hoge.bbl hoge.bbl hoge.aux \relax \citation{tw2004a} \bibstyle{jplain} \bibdata{ref} 57

74 4 L A TEX 2ε 4 JBIBTEX file.aux JBIBTEX jbibtex hoge This is JBibTeX, Version 0.99c-j0.33 (Web2C 7.5.2) The top-level auxiliary file: hoge.aux The style file: jplain.bst Database file #1: ref.bib 1 JBIBTEX 2 hoge.aux 3 jplain.bst ref.bib hoge.bbl hoge.bbl \begin{thebibliography}{1} \bibitem{tw2004a}. \newblock. \newblock, \newblock. \end{thebibliography} 4.2 hoge.bbl JBIBTEX hoge.blg hoge.bbl hoge.tex platex hoge.tex LaTeX Warning: Citation TW2004a on page 1 undefined on input line 3. (./hoge.bbl) [1] (./hoge.aux) LaTeX Warning: There were undefined references. LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed. Rerun to get cross-references right.) platex hoge.tex 58

75 L A TEX 2ε JBIBTEX hoge.bbl platex hoge.tex jbibtex hoge platex hoge.tex platex hoge.tex 4 Make latexmk \bibliographystyle{ } \bibliography{ } \bibliographystyle jplain \bibliography 1 book article book booklet inbook incollection inproceedings manual masterthesis phdthesis misc 59

76 4 L A TEX 2ε author title publisher year address annote author booktitle chapter crossref edition editor howpublished journal key month note number organization pages publisher school series title volume year 4.3 JBIBTEX file.bbl author author={ and and } and author editor author={ and others} 60

77 L A TEX 2ε article author title journal year volume number pages month note book author title publisher, year volume series address edition month note booklet title author howpublished adddress month year note inbook author title chapter pages publisher year volume series type note address edition month incollection booktitle author title year publisher editor volume series type month note address edition inproceedings author title booktitle year editor volume series pages address month organization publisher note manual title author address edition month year note organization masterthesis author title school year type address month note misc author title howpublished month year note phdthesis author title school year type address month note 4 jplain BIBTEX jplain plain alpha abbrv unsrt 4 jplain jalpha jabbrv junsrt WWW 61

78 4 L A TEX 2ε jplain [1], NNN. jalpha 3 key [NG 2000], NNN. jabbrv [1], NNN. junsrt [1],, NNN [3,2,5,1] [1-3,5] Donald Arseneau cite hyperref [1-3,5] ( 1999) \makeatletter \renewcommand{\@cite}[2]{ {#1\if@tempswa, #2\fi} } \renewcommand{\@biblabel}[1]{ #1 } \makeatother JBIBTEX cite nospace space nosort \usepackage[space]{cite} 62

79 L A TEX 2ε cite \citeform \citepunct \citeleft [ \citeright ] \citemid \cite mycite.tex \documentclass[12pt]{jsarticle} \usepackage{cite} \begin{document} ~\cite[ ]{First,Second,Third,Sixth,Fifth} \begin{thebibliography}{9} \bibitem{first} First Name. \emph{ }. 1991,. \bibitem{second} Second Name. \emph{ }. 1992,. \bibitem{third} Third Name. \emph{ }. 1993,. \bibitem{forth} Forth Name. \emph{ }. 1995,. \bibitem{fifth} Fifth Name. \emph{ }. 1994,. \bibitem{sixth} Sixth Name. \emph{ }. 1990,. \end{thebibliography} \end{document} [1 3,5,6, ] \cite \usepackage \renewcommand\citemid{; } \renewcommand\citeleft{ } \renewcommand\citeright{ } \renewcommand\citepunct{,} 1 3,5,6; \citeform 63

80 4 L A TEX 2ε \renewcommand\citeform[1]{\romannumeral 0#1} i iii,v,vi; \renewcommand\citeform[1]{ #1 } \renewcommand\citeform{\thechapter.} % [ ] 4.4 Nizar Batada JBIBTEX Maneger Java OS GUI Morten Alver Nizar Batada JabRef Java Ref for Windows Windows Ref for Windows file.bib 64

81 5 L A TEX L A TEX DVI DVI Device Independent DVI DVI DVI file.dvi.dvi PostScript Adobe 1.3 Unix OS PostScript PostScript PS.ps file.ps.gz PostScript PostScript EPS Encapsulated PostScript PDF PDF Portable Document Format Adobe PostScript 1.5 L A TEX PDF pdfl A TEX 65

82 5 L A TEX 2ε HTML HTML HyperText Markup Language Hyper Link HTML HTML XHTML L A TEX L A TEX DVI DVI DeVice Independent L A TEX DVI platex L A TEX platex filename.tex L A TEX filename.tex DVI filename.dvi DVI DVI DVI Windows dviout Unix OS xdvi xdvik PostScript DTP Adobe PostScript PostScript PostScript L A TEX PostScript PostScript Ghostscript PDF Adobe PDF PDF Portable Document Format PDF 66

83 L A TEX 2ε 5.2 DVI PS dvips(k) 5.2 DVI PS dvips(k) Tomas Rokicki Karl Berry Kpathsearch dvips DVI PS dvips Windows dvipsk Unix OS dvips Red Hat pdvips dvips filename.dvi 5.dvi dvips -D dpi -o -t a0 a8 b0 b8 -T, 21cm,27cm \AtBeginDvi{\special{papersize=210mm,270mm}} -A -B -p L A TEX -l L A TEX -pp L A TEX 11, r -P config.ps Windows config.dl dvips -P dl filename.dvi dvips filename.dvi Windows ptex dvipsk -D Pdl -o output.ps input DVI EPS 67

84 5 L A TEX 2ε dvipsk -E -Pdl -pp14 -o outp14.eps input EPS outp14.eps EPS PostScript L A TEX file.dvi dvips file.ps PostScript Angus Duggan psutils psutils 5.3 DVI PDF Mark Wicks Dvipdfm [76] DVI PDF dvipdfm Cho Jin Hwan dvipdfmx project team Dvipdfmx dvipdfm Dvipdfmx Dvipdfmx dvipdfm dvipdfm dvipdfm Dvipdfmx dvipdfm PDF HyperTEX Tpic JPEG PNG EPS EPDF PDF dvipdfm -c -e Dvipdfmx -e -f -m -p -o file.dvi file.pdf -p. a4 letter a6 a5 a4 a3 b5 b5 b4 b3 b5var \AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:papersize width 210mm height 270mm}} -l 68

85 L A TEX 2ε 5.3 DVI PDF landscape -s -s 3-5, PDF -s s -,- -r PDF 600dpi -V PDF 2 5 -x 1.0in mm cm in pt -y 1.0in -x -z v -vv 5 DVI PDF dvipdfm -c -s o output.pdf input.dvi.dvi PDF Adobe Reader Acrobat Reader dvipdfm DVI ** ERROR ** Unable to open output.pdf 1 PDF dvipdfm JPEG PNG PDF EPS dvipdfm ebb JPEG PNG PDF EPS PDF ebb filename.jpg.bb filename.bb filename.bb 69

86 5 L A TEX 2ε %%Title:./filename.jpg %%Creator: ebb Version %%BoundingBox: %%CreationDate: Tue Dec 30 13:04: filename.bb \includegraphics[bb={ }]{filename.jpg} filename.bb. filename.png DVI PDF 2 Cho Jin Hwan Dvipdfmx Project dvipdfm Dvipdfmx Dvipdfmx Project Dvipdfmx Chinese Japanese Korean 16 Unicode CID PDF PDF dvipdfm dvipdfm Dvipdfmx graphicx pict2e \usepackage[dvipdfmx]{graphicx,color} \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx,color} Dvipdfmx -S PDF -K PDF P PDF -vh -p 70

87 L A TEX 2ε 5.4 DVI PDF 2 -p, a4 20cm,20cm dvipdfmx -vh Dvipdfmx -P PDF 5.1 0x04 0x Dvipdfmx 5 0x04 0x08 0x10 0x20 0x28 0x3C x04 0x x0C dvipdfmx -S -P 0x0C input.dvi dvipdfmx -S -P 0x28 input.dvi dvipdfmx -S -P 0x3C input.dvi PDF Dvipdfmx PDF pdfl A TEX pdfε-l A TEX L A TEX PDF 71

88 5 L A TEX 2ε pl A TEX DVI Dvipdfmx PDF Dvipdfmx EPS PostScript L A TEX Ghostscript PDF Ghostscript Dvipdfmx PostScript Ghostscript 7.07 Dvipdfmx PDF JPEG PNG METAPOST EPS PDF EPS Ghostscript pdfwrite epstopdf ps2pdf14 epstopdf PDF EPS BoundingBox ps2pdf PDF BoundingBox eps2pdfs #!/bin/bash EPS= ls *.eps ; for fig in $EPS; do epstopdf $fig $f= basename $fig.eps grep "^%%BoundingBox:" $fig > $f.bb done PATH eps2pdfs EPS PDF file.eps file.pdf file.bb EPS PDF L A TEX \documentclass{jarticle} \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx} \begin{document} \includegraphics{filename.pdf} \end{document} file.bb %%BoundingBox: Windows Cygwin ^^; file.bb \includegraphics[bb={ }]{filename.pdf} file.bb 72

89 L A TEX 2ε 5.4 DVI PDF 2 $TEXMF/fonts/map/dvipdfm/base/ cid-x.map cid-x.map CMap kpsewhich -progname=platex -expand-path= $CMAPINPUTS.;/usr/local/share/texmf/fonts/cmap Cmap cid-x.map 5 rml H Ryumin-Light gbm H GothicBBB-Medium rmlv V Ryumin-Light gbmv V GothicBBB-Medium rml gbm mikachanall.ttc MS rml H :0:mikachanAll rmlv V :0:mikachanAll gbm H :0:msgothic gbmv V :0:msgothic PDF PDF xpdf xpdf xpdfrc cidtounicode Adobe-Japan1 /Resource/Adobe-Japan1.cidToUnicode unicodemap ISO-2022-JP /Resource/ISO-2022-JP.unicodeMap unicodemap EUC-JP /Resource/EUC-JP.unicodeMap unicodemap Shift-JIS /Resource/Shift-JIS.unicodeMap cmapdir Adobe-Japan1 /Resource/CMap tounicodedir /Resource/CMap PDF pdftops PDF PostScript 73

90 5 L A TEX 2ε pdfimages pdftotext pdfinfo pdffonts PDF pdfiamges filename.pdf dir/ dir ppm pbm PDF ASCII PDF PDF pdffonts file.pdf name type emb sub uni object ID Times-Roman Type 1 no no no 7 0 GothicBBB-Medium-Identity-H CID Type 0 no no no 9 0 Helvetica Type 1 no no no 10 0 Ryumin-Light-Identity-H CID Type 0 no no no 12 0 Times-Italic Type 1 no no no 13 0 FRZWWS+txsy Type 1C yes yes yes 14 0 EPSMLX+t1xtt Type 1C yes yes yes 15 0 Times-Bold Type 1 no no no 16 0 LEPUME+rtxmi Type 1C yes yes yes 23 0 CACNFM+rtxsc Type 1C yes yes yes 32 0 Helvetica-Oblique Type 1 no no no 65 0 UQXVYG+rtxr Type 1C yes yes yes 66 0 name type emb sub uni Unicode PDF [21] 5.5 HTML L A TEX HTML WWW HTML Unix OS L A TEX2HTML TtH Unix OS 74

91 L A TEX 2ε 5.5 HTML TEX4ht Eitan Gurari TEX4ht Unix OS Windows HTML NTT TEX JTEX ImageMagick TEX4ht ImageMagick Windows Unix OS tex4ht 5 \usepackage[html,charset=shift_jis,png]{tex4ht} ht jlatex filename file.html PNG ht dry-run cleanup output-name= ht HTML output-dir= tex4ht htlatex filename "html,charset=shift_jis,png" j-article j-report j-book $TEXMF/tex/generic/tex4ht/ cp article.cls j-article.cls cp report.cls j-report.cls cp book.cls j-book.cls j-classes \documentclass[11pt]{j-report} tex4ht 75

92 5 L A TEX 2ε html tex4ht HTML html XHTML xhtml charset= fonts+ fn-in png Shift_JIS GIF gif GIF GIF PNG PNG PNG JPEG jpg imgdir: / pic-m pic-eqnarray section+ next htm HTML tex4ht picm+ equation pic-equation pic-eqnarray pic-matrix pic-array pic-align eqnarray eqnarray 1 4 HTML L A TEX DVI PDF HTML HTML 8.htm OS HTML ISO9660 CD-R \usepackage[html,charset=shift_jis,fonts+,fn-in,png,imgdir:images/, pic-m,pic-eqnarray,info]{tex4ht} 76

93 L A TEX 2ε 5.5 HTML tex4ht tex4ht \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx,color} \usepackage{url} hyperref \usepackage{ } \usepackage[ ]{tex4ht} \usepackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} 5 \S \P \pounds \OE \ae \AE \aa \AA \ss \l \L \o \O \i \j?! \textvisiblespace \textless \textgreater iso uhtlatex Unicode Unicode tex4ht <P> \Picture \Picture[ ]{ } \Picture+ \EndPicture \Picture+{ }{ }\EndPicture hoge.jpg HTML \Picture[hoge ]{hoge.jpg} tabular %\usepackage[html,png]{tex4ht} \Picture+[ ]{mytable.png} \begin{tabular}{ c c c } \LaTeX2.09& \LaTeXe& \LaTex3\\ \end{tabular} \EndPicture HTML \HCode HTML 77

94 5 L A TEX 2ε \HCode{<HR><BR><BR><BR><BR>} hoge document \ConfigureEnv{hoge} {\IgnorePar\EndP\Tg<div class="pic-hoge">\picture*{}} {\EndPicture\Tg</div>}{}{} \Css{div.pic-hoge { }} %\ConfigureEnv{hoge*}% % {\IgnorePar\EndP\Tg<div class="pic-hoge-star">\picture*{}} % {\EndPicture\Tg</div>}{}{} %\Css{div.pic-hoge-star { }} hoge picture L A TEX tex4html t4ht tex4html test "-p" \Link hyperref url %\usepackage[html,charset=shift_jis]{tex4ht} %\usepackage[tex4th]{hyperref} \href{ Google \begin{quote} \url{ \end{quote} ptex pl A TEX file.sty \NeedsTeXFormats{pLaTeX2e} ptex 78

95 6 L A TEX L A TEX HTML Hyper Text Markup Language Tim Berners-Lee W3C XHTML Extended Hyper Text Markup Language L A TEX HTML XHTML 6.2 L A TEX L A TEX TEX/L A TEX 79

96 6 L A TEX 2ε 1, ,000, TEX/L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX < $<$ < L A TEX L A TEX \ { } $ & # ^ _ ~ % < < < \% L A TEX 1 L A TEX \ Y= \section 80

97 L A TEX 2ε 6.2 \3 \# \ {, $ 6 \maketitle \section \ttfamily \begin{ } \end{ } document L A TEX \newcommand{ }[ ][ ]{ } \renewcommand{ }[ ][ ]{ } \newcommand \newcommand{\example}{ } {\example} 81

98 6 L A TEX 2ε \newcommand{\example}[2]{#1 #2 } \example{ }{ } \example \newcommand{\example}[2][ ]{ #1 #2 } \example{ }\\ \example[ ]{ } \newcommand # n 1 9 \newcommand{\seq}[2][n]{% \{#2_{0},\ldots,\,#2_{#1}\}} $\seq{a}$ $\seq[k]{x}$ {a 0,..., a n } {x 0,..., x k } \newcommand 9 \renewcommand L A TEX \newenvironment{ }[ ][ ]{ }{ } \renewenvironment{ }[ ][ ]{ }{ } \newenvironment \newcommand \renewenvironment cemph \newenvironment{cemph}% {\begin{center}\begin{em}}% {\end{em}\end{center}} \begin{cemph} \end{cemph} 82

99 L A TEX 2ε 6.2 \providecommand{ }[ ][ ]{ } \DeclareRobustCommand{ }[ ][ ]{ } \providecommand \DeclareRobustCommand 6.1 \DeclareRobustCommand \documentclass{jarticle} \DeclareRobustCommand{\joubuyen}{{\ooalign{Y\crcr\hss=\hss}}} \newcommand{\moroiyen}{{\ooalign{y\crcr\hss=\hss}}} \begin{document} \tableofcontents \section{ {\moroiyen} } \section{ {\joubuyen} } \end{document} 6 1! Illegal parameter number in definition of \reserved@a. <to be read again> \crcr l.6 \section{ {\moroiyen} }? 2 file.toc file.toc file.aux file.aux \relax \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{section}{\numberline{1} {{\lineskiplimit -\maxdimen \unhbox \voidb@x \vtop {\baselineskip \z@skip \lineskip.25ex\everycr{}\tabskip \z@skip \halign {##\crcr Y\crcr \hss =\hss \crcr }}}} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{section}{\numberline{2} {\joubuyen} }{1}} file.toc \contentsline{section}{\numberline{1} {{\lineskiplimit -\maxdimen \unhbox\voidb@x \vtop {\baselineskip \z@skip \lineskip.25ex\everycr{}\tabskip \z@skip \halign {####\crcr Y\crcr \hss =\hss \crcr}}}} }{1} \contentsline{section}{\numberline{2} {\joubuyen} }{1} 83

100 6 L A TEX 2ε \DeclareRobustCommand \moroiyen L A TEX \protect \section{ {\protect\moroiyen} } \protect \moroiyen file.toc file.aux [email protected] server. co. at jp co server. 84

101 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX \newcommand{\hoge}[1]{ #1 } \hoge L A TEX 1 6 \newcommand{\hoge}[1]{ #1 } \hoge { } {} \newcommand{\hoge}[2]{ #1 #2} \hoge { } L A \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2} \h@ge { } Enter 4! Missing number, treated as zero. <to be read again> g l.7 \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2}?! You already have nine parameters. \[email protected] \expandafter \h \reserved@b #10 g{ l.7 \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2}?! You can t use macro parameter character # in horizontal mode. <argument> ## 1 ##2 l.7 \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2}?! You can t use macro parameter character # in horizontal mode. <argument> ##1 ## 2 l.7 \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2}? 85

102 6 L A TEX 2ε L A \newcommand{\h}[2]{ #1 #2} \h@ge { ge L A TEX L \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2} \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2} \def\makeatletter{\catcode \@11\relax} \def\makeatother{\catcode \documentclass{jsarticle} \makeatletter \newcommand{\h@ge}[2]{ #1 #2} 86

103 L A TEX 2ε \ Y= 1 { 2 } 3 $ 4 & 5 0x0D 6 # 7 ^ 8 _ A Z a z 12 (!? 1 13 ~ 14 % 15 0x7E TEX \newcommand{\hoge}{\h@ge} \makeatother \begin{document} \hoge{ }{ } \makeatletter \makeatother \newcommand{\twoarg}[2]{ #1 #2} \twoarg a b \twoarg{ }{ } \twoarg{\latex}{\latexe} a b L A TEX L A TEX 2ε 87

104 6 L A TEX 2ε \newcommand{\twoarg}[2]{ #1 #2} \twoarg\latex\latexe \twoarg\latex2\latexe L A TEX L A TEX 2ε L A TEX 2L A TEX 2ε L A TEX \newcommand \newcommand{\kuhaku}[1]{ #1 } \newcommand{\kuhaku}[1]{ #1 } \kuhaku{ } \Kuhaku{ } \newcommand{\kuhaku}[1]{ #1 } \newcommand{\kuhaku}[1]{ #1 } \kuhaku{ }\Kuhaku{ } 6.3 TEX/L A TEX 2 L A TEX L A TEX \newcount\hoge% \the\hoge% {% 1 \hoge=3 \the\hoge% \hoge 3 88

105 L A TEX 2ε 6.3 {% 2 \hoge=5 \the\hoge% \hoge 5 }% 2 \the\hoge% 2 hoge 5 }% \the\hoge% \hoge=6 \the\hoge% \hoge? \newcount \the \ttfamily \itshape \normalfont roman {\ttfamily tt {\itshape it} tt \normalfont it} roman roman tt it tt it roman \ttfamily L A TEX roman \texttt{ tt \textit{it} tt \normalfont it} roman roman tt it tt it roman \normalfont \normalfont roman {\ttfamily tt {\normalfont\itshape it} tt} roman\par roman \texttt{tt {\normalfont\textit{it}} tt} roman roman tt it tt roman roman tt it tt roman

106 6 L A TEX 2ε TEX/L A TEX \global \newcount\hoge \the\hoge {% 1 \global\hoge=3 \the\hoge% {% 2 \the\hoge \hoge=5 \the\hoge } \the\hoge } \the\hoge \hoge=6 \the\hoge \global 6.4 center \begin{center} \end{center} \centering \centering{a long long ago, a man was doing hoge hoge...} center \begin{center} A long long ago, a man was doing hoge hoge... \end{center} 90

107 L A TEX 2ε 6.5 \textsf \sffamily Roman. \textsf{roman? \par This is sans serif family.} Roman! sffont 6 \newenvironment{sffont}{\sffamily}{} Roman. \begin{sffont} Roman? \par This is sans serif family. \end{sffont} Roman! Roman. Roman? This is sans serif family. Roman! \sffamily Roman! {\sffamily sans serif family.} Roman! Roman! sans serif family. Roman! \begin{ } \end{ } \begin{< >} < > \end{< >} L A TEX {\ < > < > < >} \sffamily Roman? \begin{sffamily} This is sans serif family. \end{sffamily} Roman! Roman? This is sans serif family. Roman!

108 6 L A TEX 2ε \section equation float enumerate \label \label{ } \ref \pageref 2 \ref{ } \pageref{ } \ref \section %\section{ }\label{sec:xr} \pageref{sec:xr}~ \ref{sec:xr}~ L A TEX L A TEX 6.2 \newcounter{section}[chapter] \newcount\c@section % \def\thesection{\thechapter.\c@section}% \def\p@section{\thechapter.\c@section}% 92

109 L A TEX 2ε part chapter section subsection subsubsection paragraph subparagraph page equation figure table footnote mpfootnote enumi enumii enumiii enumiv minipage enumerate enumerate enumerate enumerate 6 \newcounter \label{hoge}, \ref{hoge} hoge.tex \documentclass{jsarticle} \begin{document} \newcounter{hoge} \thehoge \refstepcounter{hoge} \thehoge \end{document} 1 \refstepcounter \thehoge hoge No file hoge.aux hoge.aux more less \relax \refstepcounter 93

110 6 L A TEX 2ε \refstepcounter{hoge} \thehoge 1 \refstepcounter{hoge} \thehoge \label{cnt:hoge} 1 Label(s) may have changed. Return to get cross-ferecenses right. L A TEX hoge.aux \relax \newlabel{cnt:hoge}{{1}{1}} cnt:hoge \newcounter{hoge} \thehoge \refstepcounter{hoge} \thehoge \label{cnt:hoge} 2 ref=\ref{cnt:hoge}, page=\pageref{cnt:hoge} 1 1 hoge.aux L A TEX \setcounter{page}{100} \newcounter{hoge} \thehoge \refstepcounter{hoge} \thehoge \label{cnt:hoge} ref=\ref{cnt:hoge}, page=\pageref{cnt:hoge} Label(s) may have changed. Return to get cross-ferecenses right. hoge.aux \relax \newlabel{cnt:hoge}{{1}{100}} file.aux L A TEX file.aux \ref \pageref \r@ 94

111 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX int jsbook \chpater \section \newcounter{section}[chpater] 6 \newcounter{ }[ ] \setcounter{ }{ } \addtocounter{ }{ } \stepcounter{ } \refstepcounter{ } \value{ } \newcounter \setcounter \addtocounter \stepcounter \refstepcounter \stepcounter \refstepcounter 0 \value \arabic{ } 1, 2, 3,... \roman{ } i, ii, iii,... \Roman{ } I, II, III,... \alph{ } a, b, c,..., z \Alph{ } A, B, C,..., Z \fnsymbol{ } *,,,... \section section \renewcommand{\thesection}{\roman{section}}

112 6 L A TEX 2ε chap: \chapter sec: \section fig: figure \caption tab: \table \caption equ: \equation eqnarray \section{ }\label{sec:addmix} \section{ }\label{sec:submix} \ref{sec:addmix}~ \pp{\pageref{sec:addmix} } 6.3 \section{ }\label{sec:addmixcolor} $i$ $c_i$ ~\ref{equ:addmixcolor} \begin{equation} c_i = r_i + g_i + b_i\label{equ:addmixcolor} \end{equation} ~\ref{tab:addmixcolor} \begin{table}[htbp] % \caption{ }\label{tab:addmixcolor} \end{table} ~\ref{fig:addmixcolor} \begin{figure}[htbp] % \caption{ }\label{fig:addmixcolor} \end{figure} \section{ }\label{sec:submixcolor} \ref{sec:addmixcolor}~ (\pageref{sec:addmixcolor}~ ) 96

113 L A TEX 2ε i c i c i = r i + g i + b i (3.1) (5 ) 6.3 \newcommand*{\chaplab}[1]{\label{chap:#1}}% \newcommand*{\chapref}[1]{ ~\ref{chap:#1}~ }% \newcommand*{\seclab}[1]{\label{sec:#1}}% \newcommand*{\secref}[1]{\ref{sec:#1}~ }% \newcommand*{\figlab}[1]{\label{fig:#1}}% \newcommand*{\figref}[1]{ ~\ref{fig:#1}}% \newcommand*{\tablab}[1]{\label{tab:#1}}% \newcommand*{\tabref}[1]{ ~\ref{tab::#1}}% \newcommand*{\equlab}[1]{\label{equ:#1}}% \newcommand*{\equref}[1]{ ~\ref{equ::#1}}% \section{ }\seclab{addmixcolor} $i$ $c_i$ \eqref{addmixcolor} \begin{equation} c_i = r_i + g_i + b_i\eqlab{addmixcolor} \end{equation} \tabref{addmixcolor} \begin{table}[htbp] % \caption{ }\tablab{addmixcolor} \end{table} \figref{addmixcolor} \begin{figure}[htbp] % \caption{ }\figlab{addmixcolor} \end{figure} \section{ }\seclab{submixcolor} 97

114 6 L A TEX 2ε \secref{addmixcolor}(\pageref{sec:addmixcolor}~ ) 1 \secref{addmixcolor}(\pageref{sec:addmixcolor}~ ) sec: \newcommand*{\fullchapref}[1]{ \ref{chap:#1} (\pageref{chap:#1} )} \newcommand*{\fullsecref}[1]{\ref{sec:#1}~ (\pageref{sec:#1} )} \newcommand*{\fullfigref}[1]{ ~\ref{fig:#1} (\pageref{fig:#1} )} \newcommand*{\fulltabref}[1]{ ~\ref{tab::#1} (\pageref{tab:#1} )} \newcommand*{\fullequref}[1]{ ~\ref{equ::#1} (\pageref{equ:#1} )} \section{ }\seclab{submixcolor} \fullsecref{addmixcolor} L A TEX 1 myref.sty * L A TEX LaTeX Warning: Label key multiply defined \label Reference key on page n undefined Label(s) may have changed. Return to get cross-ferecenses right. 1 1 *1 98

115 7 L A TEX TEX L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX math italic equation eqnarray $ $ \( \) \begin{math} \end{math} 99

116 7 L A TEX 2ε \( \) math math $a$ 2 $b$ 2 $c$ 2 \( a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \) {\LaTeX} \begin{math} a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \end{math} a 2 b 2 c 2 a 2 + b 2 = c 2 L A TEX a 2 + b 2 = c 2 ^ a x + y L A TEX \( a^x+y \neq a^{x+y} \) a x + y a x+y L A TEX L A TEX 3 $$ $$ \[ \] \begin{displaymath} \end{displaymath} fleqn \[ \] displaymath \[ c^2 = a^2 + b^2 \] c 2 = a 2 + b 2 100

117 L A TEX 2ε 7.2 \begin{displaymath} a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \end{displaymath} a 2 + b 2 = c equation \begin{equation} \label{ } \end{equation} 7 equation \begin{equation} a^2 + b^2 = c^2 \label{eq:equ} \end{equation} ~(\ref{eq:equ}) $c^2$ $a^2+b^2$ (7.1) c 2 a 2 + b 2 a 2 + b 2 = c 2 (7.1) \begin{eqnarray*} & (=) & \\ & (=) & \end{eqnarray*} = eqnarray* 3 1 & \\ \begin{eqnarray*} f(x) & = & x^2 \\ f (x) & = & 2x \end{eqnarray*} f (x) = x 2 f (x) = 2x 101

118 7 L A TEX 2ε eqnarray eqnarray* 1 \\ \nonumber \begin{eqnarray} f(x) &=& x^2 \label{eq1}\\ f (x) &=& 2x \label{eq2}\\ \int f(x)dx&=& x^3/3+c\nonumber \end{eqnarray} (\ref{eq1}) (\ref{eq2}) f (x) = x 2 (7.2) f (x) = 2x (7.3) f (x)dx = x 3 /3 + C (7.2) (7.3) \mathnormal ABCabc \mathrm ABCabc \mathsf ABCabc \mathtt ABCabc \mathbf ABCabc \mathit ABCabc \mathcal ABC \begin{displaymath} \int f(x)dx \neq \int f(x)\mathrm{d}x \end{displaymath} f (x)dx f (x)dx 102

119 L A TEX 2ε 7.4 amssymb amsmath \text amssymb \mathfrak ABCabc \mathbb ABC \text ABC \[ x\in \mathbf{r} \neq x\in \mathbb{r} \] x R x R L A TEX 7.3 dx 7.3 dx dy dxdy \, dx\, dy dx dy \: dx\: dy dx dy \; dx\; dy dx dy \ dx\ dy dx dy \quad dx\quad dy dx dy 2 \qquad dx\qquad dy dx dy \! dx\!dy dxdy \[ \int\int f(x)dxdy \neq \int\!\!\!\int f(x)\ dx\ dy \] f (x)dxdy f (x) dx dy

120 7 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX ^{ } _{ } x^{a+b} x a+b {}^{a+b}x a+b x x_{a+b} x a+b {}_{a+b}x a+bx x^{a+b}_{c+d} x a+b c+d {}^{a}_{b}x a b x x^{a^{b}} x ab {}_{a}x_{b} ax b 7.4 \( {}^{a+b}_{x+y}a^{a+b}_{x+y} \) a+b x+ya a+b x+y ^ _ \sp \sb \( A^4_3 \neq A\sp4\sb3 \) A 4 3 A4 3 Harald harders leftidx \leftidx{ }{ }{ } \ltrans{ } \ltrans \begin{eqnarray*} {}_a^b\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)_c^d &\neq& \leftidx{_a^b}{\left(\frac{x}{y} \right)}{_c^d}\\ {}^\mathrm{t} A &\neq& \ltrans{a} \end{eqnarray*} b a ( ) d x y c b a t A t A ( ) d x y c 104

121 L A TEX 2ε d d L A TEX arccos \arccos cot \cot exp \exp lim inf \liminf sec \sec arcsin \arcsin coth \coth gcd \gcd lim sup \limsup sin \sin arctan \arctan csc \csc hom \hom log \log sinh \sinh arg \arg deg \deg inf \inf max \max sup \sup cos \cos det \det ker \ker min \min tan \tan cosh \cosh dim \dim lim \lim Pr \Pr tanh \tanh 7 \[ cos^2x+sin^2x \neq \cos^2x+\sin^2x \] cos 2 x + sin 2 x cos 2 x + sin 2 x \bmod \bmod{ } (2 ) \pmod{ } \( \mathrm M\bmod{\mathrm N} \neq \mathrm M\pmod{\mathrm N} \) M mod N M (mod N) \begin{displaymath} \int^b_a f(x)dx \neq \sqrt{\frac{1}{f(x)}} \end{displaymath} b a f (x)dx 1 f (x) \begin{displaymath} \sqrt{\frac{1}{g(x)}+\sqrt{\int f(x)dx}} \end{displaymath} 1 g(x) + f (x)dx \begin{displaymath} \frac{1}{g(x)} + \frac{1}{2x^3+5x^2+8x+5} \end{displaymath} 1 g(x) + 1 2x 3 + 5x 2 + 8x

122 7 L A TEX 2ε 7.6 \frac{ }{ } \sqrt{ } \sqrt[ ]{ } \int^{ }_{ } \sum^{ }_{ } \sum \int \limits \nolimits \limits \nolimits \limits \nolimits \begin{eqnarray*} \sum\nolimits^n_{k=0}k &\neq& \sum^n_{k=0}k\\ \int^b_a dx &\neq&\int\limits^b_a dx \end{eqnarray*} n b n k k k=0 dx k=0 b a a dx \begin{eqnarray*} \lim\nolimits_{n\rightarrow0}n &\neq& \lim_{n\rightarrow0} n \\ \prod^n_{i=1}n &\neq& \prod\nolimits^n_{i=1}n \end{eqnarray*} lim n 0 n lim n n 0 n n n i=1 i=1 n L A TEX ( ) \left \right 106

123 L A TEX 2ε 7.5 \begin{displaymath} \left[ \Big(x+y\Big) \right] \end{displaymath} [( x + y )] 7.7 L A TEX 7.7 ( ( \rfloor \updownarrow { \lbrace ) ) \lfloor \Uparrow \rceil [ [ \arrowvert \Downarrow \lceil ] ] \Arrowvert \Updownarrow \lmoustache { \{ \Vert \ \backslash \rmoustache } \} \vert \rangle \lgroup \uparrow \langle \rgroup \ \downarrow } \rbrace \bracevert 7 \left \right \left \right 7.7 \begin{displaymath} \left( \frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{1+x}} \right) \end{displaymath} x \[ \left\lmoustache \left\{ \left(\frac{1}{x}+1\right) +\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+2\right) \right\} \right\rmoustache \] {( ) ( 1 1 x x )} \begin{displaymath} \left\uparrow \int f(x)dx \right\downarrow +\left\lgroup \int g(x)dx \right\rgroup \end{displaymath} f (x)dx + g(x)dx

124 7 L A TEX 2ε 7.8 / / ( ( ) ) \ / ( ) \big/ \bigl( \bigr) \bigm \bigm\ / ( ) \Big/ \Bigl( \Bigr) \Bigm \Bigm\ / ( ) \bigg/ \biggl( \biggr) \biggm \biggm\ / ( ) \Bigg/ \Biggl( \Biggr) \Biggm \Biggm\ \begin{displaymath} \Biggl\ \Biggl( \int f(x) dx \Biggr) \Biggm/ \Biggl( \int g(x) dx \Biggr) \Biggr\ \end{displaymath} ( ) / ( f (x)dx ) g(x)dx 7.8 \big \Big \bigl \bigm \bigr \big \big \left \right \[ \left\ \left( \int f(x) dx \right) \Biggm/ \left( \int g(x) dx \right) \right\ \] ( ) / ( f (x)dx ) g(x)dx. \[ \left( \left\uparrow \int f(x)dx + \int g(x)dx \right. \right) \] ( f (x)dx + ) g(x)dx L A TEX array array math \[\] $$ array 108

125 L A TEX 2ε 7.5 \begin{array}{ } a 11 &... & a 1n \\. &... &. \\ a m1 &... & a mn \end{array} m n & \\ \begin{array}{ } 4 7 \begin{array}{lc cr} l c r array 7.9 array 7.9 array l 1 c 1 r 1 } 1 p{ } *{ }{ } \[ \left( \begin{array}{cc} a & b \\ c & d \end{array} \right) \] ( a b c d ) array 109

126 7 L A TEX 2ε \[ \left( \begin{array}{*{2}{c}} a & b \\ c & d \end{array} \right) \left( \begin{array}{c} m \\ n \end{array} \right) = \left( \begin{array}{c} am+bn \\ cm+dn \\ \end{array} \right) \] ( a b c d ) ( m n ) = ( am + bn cm + dn ) array \[ f(x)= \left\{ \begin{array}{cl} x & (x > 0)\\ 0 & (x = 0)\\ -x & (x < 0) \end{array} \right. \] x (x > 0) f (x) = 0 (x = 0) x (x < 0) \hline \vline \hline \hline\hline \vline \cline{ } \multicolumn{ }{ }{ } array 2 \begin{displaymath} \begin{array}{llc} \hline \multicolumn{3}{c}{f(x)} \\ \hline g(x) & h(x) & i(x) \\ \cline{2-2} j(x)+k(x)+l(x)+m(x)+n(x) & o(x) & p(x)\\ \end{array} \end{displaymath} f (x) g(x) h(x) i(x) j(x) + k(x) + l(x) + m(x) + n(x) o(x) p(x) 110

127 L A TEX 2ε 7.6 \begin{displaymath} \begin{array}{ll ll} a & b & c & d \\ \hline\hline e & g & h & i \\\cline{3-4} j & \multicolumn{1}{ l}k & l & m \\\hline n & o & \multicolumn{1}{l }p & q \\ r & s & t & \multicolumn{1}{ l }u \\ v & w & x & y \\ \hline\hline \end{array} \end{displaymath} a b c d e g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y array \matrix \pmatrix \matrix \bordermatrix \matrix \pmatrix amsmath matrix pmatrix 7 \[ \begin{pmatrix} x \\ y \end{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} a & b & c \end{pmatrix} \] ( ) x (a ) b c y \bordermatrix \& \cr \[ A=\ \bordermatrix{ & 1 & 2 \cr 1 & a & b \cr 2 & c & d } \] ( 1 2 ) 1 a b A = 2 c d 7.6 a b a b a b a \displaystyle b \textstyle \scriptstyle a b \scriptscriptstyle a b a b 111

128 7 L A TEX 2ε a b a/b \(f(x)\) \(\int f(x)dx\) \(\displaystyle \int f(x)dx\) {\LaTeX} $\frac{a}{b}$ $a/b$ f (x) f (x)dx f (x)dx L A TEX a a/b b \[ \frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{1+x}}} \neq \frac{1}{\displaystyle 1+ \frac{1}{\displaystyle 1+ \frac{1}{1+x}}} \] x x \( \int^b_a f(x)dx \neq {\displaystyle\int^b_a g(x)dx} \) b a b f (x)dx g(x)dx a 7.7 \( \)! Missing $ inserted α \alpha η \eta ν \nu τ \tau β \beta θ \theta ξ \xi υ \upsilon γ \gamma ι \iota o o φ \phi δ \delta κ \kappa π \pi χ \chi ɛ \epsilon λ \lambda ρ \rho ψ \psi ζ \zeta µ \mu σ \sigma ω \omega o o \o LaTeX Warning: Command \o invalid in math mode on input line

129 L A TEX 2ε 7.7 \begin{eqnarray*} \cos^2\theta+\sin^2\theta &\neq& \cos^2x + \sin^2x \end{eqnarray*} cos 2 θ + sin 2 θ cos 2 x + sin 2 x 7.13 ε \varepsilon ϑ \vartheta ϖ \varpi ϱ \varrho ς \varsigma ϕ \varphi A A H H N N T T B B Θ \Theta Ξ \Xi Υ \Upsilon Γ \Gamma I I O O Φ \Phi \Delta K K Π \Pi X X E E Λ \Lambda P P Ψ \Psi Z Z M M Σ \Sigma Ω \Omega \O LaTeX Warning: Command \O invalid in math mode on input line 40. A B E Z H I K M N O P T X \mathrm \begin{eqnarray*} A &\neq& \mathrm A \\ F(x)+C &\neq& F(x)+ \mathrm C \\ \mathit{foo}&\neq& \mathrm{foo} \end{eqnarray*} A A F(x) + C F(x) + C foo foo 113

130 7 L A TEX 2ε \not \le \in \sqsupseteq \neq \prec \notin \dashv \doteq \preceq \ge \ni \propto \ll \succ \equiv = \models \subset \succeq \sim \perp \subseteq \gg \simeq \mid \sqsubseteq \supset \asymp \parallel \vdash \supseteq \approx \bowtie \smile \frown \cong ± \pm \cdot \ \setminus \ominus \mp \cap \wr \otimes \times \cup \diamond \oslash \div \uplus \bigtriangleup \odot \ast \sqcap \bigtriangledown \bigcirc \star \sqcup \triangleleft \dagger \circ \vee \triangleright \ddagger \bullet \wedge \oplus \amalg 7.17 \sum \oint \bigvee \bigoplus \prod \bigcup \bigwedge \bigotimes \coprod \bigcap \bigodot \int \bigsqcup \biguplus \( \vec{a}+\vec{b}\neq \vec{a+b} \neq \overrightarrow{a+b} \) a + b a + b a + b 114

131 L A TEX 2ε â \hat{a} ǎ \check{a} ă \breve{a} á \acute{a} à \grave{a} ã \tilde{a} ā \bar{a} ȧ \dot{a} ä \ddot{a} a \vec{a} 7.19 m + M { }} { \overline m + M \overbrace m + M \underline m } {{ + M } m + M \overleftarrow m + M m + M \overrightarrow m + M \underbrace \widehat \widetilde 7 \begin{displaymath} \overbrace{a+b+c+d+e+f+g}^{h+i+j+k}+ \underbrace{l+m+n}_{o+p+q} \end{displaymath} h+i+ j+k { }} { a + b + c + d + e + f + g + l + m + n } {{ } o+p+q 7.20 \leftarrow \longrightarrow \leftrightarrow \Leftarrow = \Longrightarrow \Leftrightarrow \hookleftarrow \longmapsto \rightleftharpoons \leftharpoonup \hookrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow \leftharpoondown \rightharpoonup \updownarrow \longleftarrow \rightharpoondown \Updownarrow = \Longleftarrow \uparrow \nearrow \rightarrow \Uparrow \swarrow \Rightarrow \downarrow \searrow \mapsto \Downarrow \nwarrow \begin{displaymath} (p\rightarrow r)\vee (q\rightarrow s) \end{displaymath} (p r) (q s) \[ \forall{x}\forall{y}( P(x,y)\vee(f(x)\wedge g(x))) \] x y(p(x, y) ( f (x) g(x))) 115

132 7 L A TEX 2ε 7.21 ℵ \aleph \partial \bot \natural \hbar \infty \angle \sharp ı \imath \prime \triangle \clubsuit j \jmath \emptyset \forall \diamondsuit l \ell \nabla \exists \heartsuit \wp \surd \neg \spadesuit R \Re \ \backslash I \Im \top \flat \( e^{j\theta}=\re{\{e^{j\theta}\}} +\Im{\{e^{j\theta}\}} =\cos\theta+j\sin\theta\) e jθ = R{e jθ } + I{e jθ } = cos θ + j sin θ \ldots \cdots. \vdots... \ddots \[ (a_0+a_1+\cdots+a_n) \neq \{a_0,a_1,\ldots,a_n\} \] (a 0 + a a n ) {a 0, a 1,..., a n } L A TEX 2ε Frank Mittelbach latexsym amssymb amsfonts latexsym 7.23 \mho \Join \Box \Diamond \leadsto \sqsubset \sqsupset \lhd \unlhd \rhd \unrhd 7.8 \theorem \newtheorem{ }{ }[ ] \newtheorem{ }[ ]{ } 116

133 L A TEX 2ε \newtheorem{prob}{ }[chapter] \newtheorem{exe}[prob]{ } \begin{exe}\label{hoge:ware} \end{exe} \begin{prob}\label{geho:yueni} hoge \end{prob} ~\ref{hoge:ware} ~\ref{geho:yueni} hoge \theorem Frank Mittelbach theorem L A TEX \theorem AMS- L A TEX amsthm Frank Mittelbach theorem L A TEX \theorem \newtheorem{ }{ } \newtheorem{ }{ }[ ] \newtheorem{ }[ ]{ } theorem \theoremstyle{ } \theorembodyfont{ } \theoremheaderfont{ } 117

134 7 L A TEX 2ε plain break margin change marginbreak changebreak \theorem margin change theorem {\theorembodyfont{\normalfont} \theoremheaderfont{\normalfont\bfseries} \newtheorem{exam}{ } \newtheorem{refer}[exam]{ } \newtheorem{prob}[exam]{ }} 7.9 %\usepackage{txfonts} \[ \int f(x)dx + \int g(y)dy + \iint h(x,y)dxdy \] f (x)dx + g(y)dy + h(x, y)dxdy \intx \iintxy \newcommand{\intx}[1]{\int#1dx} \newcommand{\inty}[1]{\int#1dy} \newcommand{\iintxy}[1]{\iint#1dxdy} \[\intx{f(x)}+\inty{g(y)}+\iintxy{h(x,y)}\] f (x)dx + g(y)dy + h(x, y)dxdy dy/dx + P(x)y = Q(x) \[ y=e^{-\int P(x)dx}\left\{ \int{q(x)e^{\int P(x)dx}dx+\mathrm{c}} \right\} \] { y = e P(x)dx } P(x)dx Q(x)e dx + c P(x) Q(x) \newcommand{\my}{% \ensuremath{dy/dx+p(x)y=q(x)}} \newcommand{\mypq}[2]{\ensuremath{% e^{\int{#1}dx}\left\{\int{{#2}% e^{\int{#1}dx}dx+\mathrm{c}}\right\}}} $P(x)=x^2+\pi$ $Q(x)=e^x$ {\my} $y$ \[\mypq{(x^2+\pi)}{e^x}\] P(x) = x 2 +π Q(x) = e x dy/dx+p(x)y = Q(x) y { } e (x 2 +π)dx e x (x e 2 +π)dx dx + c 118

135 L A TEX 2ε 7.9 \newcommand{\macl}[2][x]{\ensuremath{% f(#2)+\frac{1}{1!}f (#2)(#1-#2)+% \frac{1}{2!}f (#2)(#1-#2)^2+\cdots+% \frac{1}{k!}f^{(k)}(#2)(#1-#2)^k+\cdots}} \newcommand{\macl}[2][x]{\ensuremath{% \sum^{\infty}_{k=0}\frac{1}{k!}% f^{(k)}(#2)(#1-#2)^k}} $f(z)$ $z=0$ \(\macl[z]{0}\) \(\Macl[z]{0}\) $z=0$ \[ f(z)=\sum^{\infty}_{k=0}\frac{1}{k!} f^{(k)}(0)z^k \] \[ \frac{\partial{f}}{\partial{x}}+ \frac{\partial^2{f}}{\partial{x}^2}+ \frac{\partial^3{f}}{\partial{x}^3} \] f (z) z = 0 f (0) + 1 f (0)(z 0)+ 1 f (0)(z 0) f (k) (0)(z 0) k + 1! 2! k! k=0 1 f (k) (0)(z 0) k z = 0 k! 1 f (z) = k! f (k) (0)z k k=0 f x + 2 f x f x 3 7 \newcommand{\pdif}[3][]{\ensuremath{\frac{% \partial^{#1}{#2}}{\partial{#3}^{#1}}}} \[ \pdif{f}{x}+\pdif[2]{f}{x} \] f x + 2 f x 2 \newcommand{\pdif}[3][]{\ensuremath{\frac{% \partial^{#1}{#2}}{\partial{#3}^{#1}}}} \[ \pdif[2]{f}{x} + \pdif{\sp2f}{xy} + \pdif[2]{f}{y} \] 2 f x + 2 f 2 xy + 2 f y 2 \partial \frac = def def = \stackrel 119

136 7 L A TEX 2ε \stackrel{ }{ } \newcommand{\defeq}{% \stackrel{\mathrm{def}}{=}} \( x \defeq p(t)+q(t)+r(t) \) x def = p(t) + q(t) + r(t) \substack amsmath \begin{displaymath} \sum^l_{i=1} \sum^m_{j=1} \sum^n_{k=1} p_i q_j r_k \neq \sum_{ \substack{i\le 1\le l \\ j\le 1 \le m \\ k\le 1 \le n}} p_i q_j r_k \end{displaymath} l m n p i q j r k p i q j r k i=1 j=1 k=1 i 1 l j 1 m k 1 n \ooalign \crcr {\ooalign{ \crcr }} \hss \not \newcommand{\cnot}[1]{\ooalign{ \crcr{\hss{#1}\hss}}} \newcommand{\pile}[2]{% {\ooalign{#1\crcr#2}}} \newcommand{\cpile}[2]{{\ooalign{{% \hss#1\hss}\crcr{\hss#2\hss}}}} \newcommand{\cnot}[1]{% \ooalign{ \crcr{\hss{#1}\hss}}} $\pile Y=$ $\cpile Y=$ \cnot{a} \pile/a Y= Y= A /A \mathbf 120

137 L A TEX 2ε 7.9 \boldmath \unboldmath amsmath amsbsy \boldsymbol bm \bm txfonts pxfonts \boldmath \unboldmath \(\mathbf{\int^a_b f(x)dx} \neq\) \boldmath \(\int^a_b f(x)dx \neq\) \unboldmath\(\int^a_b f(x)dx \) a f(x)dx a f(x)dx a f (x)dx b b b \mathbf amsbsy 7 \boldsymbol \(\mathbf{\int^a_b f(x)dx} \neq \boldsymbol{\int^a_b f(x)dx} \neq \int^a_b f(x)dx \) a f(x)dx a f(x)dx a f (x)dx b b b amsbsy bm \bm \(\mathbf{\int^a_b f(x)dx} \bm{\int^a_b f(x)dx} \neq \int^a_b f(x)dx \) \neq a f(x)dx a f(x)dx a f (x)dx b b b \bm \mathstrut \[ \overline{\sqrt a + \sqrt b \neq \sqrt{\mathstrut a}+ \sqrt{\mathstrut b}} \] a + b a + b \mathstrut \phantom \vphantom \hphantom \phantom \vhpantom \hphantom 121

138 7 L A TEX 2ε \[ \sqrt{\int f(x)dx}+\sqrt{g(x)}\neq \sqrt{\int f(x)dx}+\sqrt{% \vphantom{\int f(x)dx} g(x)} \] f (x)dx + g(x) f (x)dx + g(x) \smash 0 \smash \vphantom 0 \vphantom \[ \underbrace{a+b}+\underbrace{i+j}\neq \underbrace{\smash{a+b}\vphantom{i+j}} + \underbrace{i+j} \] }{{} a + b + }{{} i + j }{{} a + b + }{{} i + j \frac a b a/b \[ \frac{\frac{a}{b}}{c}\neq \frac{a/b}{c} \] a b c a/b c / \begin{displaymath} \frac{\frac{a-b}{c}}{d} \neq \frac{a-b/c}{d} \neq \frac{(a-b)/c}{d} \end{displaymath} a b c d a b/c (a b)/c d d \begin{displaymath} \frac{x+f(x)}{x-g(x)} \neq (x+f(x))/(x-g(x)) \neq \bigl(x+f(x)\bigr)\bigm/\bigl(x-g(x)\bigr) \end{displaymath} x + f (x) x g(x) (x + f (x))/(x g(x)) ( x + f (x) ) / ( x g(x) ) \cases amsmath cases \begin{cases} 1 \\ 2 \\... \end{cases} 122

139 L A TEX 2ε 7.9 \( f(x) = \begin{cases} \,x & \quad(x>0)\\ \,0 & \quad(x=0)\\ \,-x & \quad(x<0) \end{cases} \) x (x > 0) f (x) = 0 (x = 0) x (x < 0) \choose \choose \brack \brace \atop \choose 7 \[ {a+b\choose x+y}\neq {a+b\brack x+y} \neq {a+b\brace x+y} \neq {a+b\atop x+y} \] ( ) a + b x + y [ ] a + b x + y { } a + b a + b x + y x + y \emph{fool} \(fool\) \[ fool \neq \mathit{fool}. \] fool f ool f ool fool. fool L A TEX $10\times5,000=50,000$ \par $10\times5{,}000=50{,}000$ \par 10 5, 000 = 50, ,000 = 50,000,! \, \[ \frac{(p-1)! (q-1)! (r-1)!} {p! q! r!} \neq \frac{(p-2)!\,(q-3)!\,(r-4)!} {\,p!\,q!\,r!} \] (p 1)!(q 1)!(r 1)! p!q!r! (p 2)! (q 3)! (r 4)! p! q! r!! \textit 123

140 7 L A TEX 2ε \mathit \textit{this is text mode?!}\par \(\mathit{is\ this\ text\ mode?!}\)\par \(\mathit{is this text mode?!}\)\par \(Is this text mode?!\) This is text mode?! Is this text mode?! Isthistextmode?! Isthistextmode?!? \newcommand{\law}[1]{\mathop{\hbox% to5em{\rightarrowfill}}\limits#1} \newcommand{\raw}[1]{\mathop{\hbox% to5em{\leftarrowfill}}\limits#1} \newcommand{\rar}[2]{% \Biggm#1{\scriptstyle#2}} \newcommand{\lar}[2]{% {\scriptstyle#2}\biggm#1}%% \[ \begin{array}{rcl} A & \law{\sp a} & B\\ \lar{\downarrow}{f} & \rule{5em}{0pt} & \rar{\uparrow}{g} \\ C & \raw{\sb b} & D\\ \end{array} \] f A C a b B g D 124

141 8 63 L A TEX L A TEX 8.1 L A TEX L A TEX tabular table picture 8.1 figure table figure table figure L A TEX L A TEX 8.2 table figure figure \begin{figure}[htbp] 125

142 8 L A TEX 2ε 8.2 h t b p! \end{figure} \caption \caption{ \label{ } } figure table 8.2 L A TEX tabbing tabular array tabular array tabbing tabular tabular tabular \begin{tabular}{ } a 11 &... & a 1n \\. &... &. \\ a m1 &... & a mn \end{tabular} 126

143 L A TEX 2ε 8.2 tabular tablar 8.3 tabular 8.3 tabular l 1 c 1 r 1 } 1 p{ } *{ }{ } 8 & \\ 1 3 \begin{tabular}{ccc} \LaTeX2.09 & \LaTeXe & \LaTeX3\\ \end{tabular} L A TEX2.09 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3 \hline \vline 8.4 \hline \multicolumn 8.4 tabular \hline \hline\hline \vline \cline{ } \multicolumn{ }{ }{ } 2 \begin{tabular}{ c c c } \hline \multicolumn{3}{ c }{{\LaTeX}} \\\hline \LaTeX2.09 & \LaTeXe & \LaTeX3 \\\hline \end{tabular} L A TEX L A TEX2.09 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3 127

144 8 L A TEX 2ε \begin{tabular}{ ccc c c } \hline & \multicolumn{1}{ c}{ } & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & \\ & \multicolumn{1}{ c }{} & & & \\ \cline{2-2} & & & & \\\cline{1-2} & \multicolumn{1}{c }{} & & & \\ \cline{2-2} & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} \\ \hline \end{tabular} \begin{table}[htpb] \begin{center} \caption{ }\label{tab:tabular:example} \begin{tabular}{llcr} \hline & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline \LaTeX & \LaTeX2.09 & {\LaTeXe}& \LaTeX3 \\\hline \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{table} L A TEX L A TEX2.09 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3 mytab \newenvironment{mytab}[3][htbp] {\begin{table}[#1]\begin{center}\caption{#2}\label{#3}} {\end{center}\end{table}} \begin{mytab}[htbp]{ }{tab:hoge} \begin{tabular}{lll} \LaTeX2.09 & \LaTeXe & \LaTeX3\\ \end{tabular} \end{mytab} 128

145 L A TEX 2ε tabular \footnotemark \footnotetext \footnotemark[ ] \footnotetext[ ]{ } \footnotemark \footnotetext \begin{tabular}{ c c c } \hline \footnotemark[1] & \footnotemark[2] & \footnotemark[3]\\ \hline \end{tabular} \footnotetext[1]{.} \footnotetext[2]{.} \footnotetext[3]{.} \\ * 1 * 2 * 3 a. b. c. 8 \begin{tabular}{ c c c }\hline ${}^{a}$ & ${}^{b}$ & ${}^{c}$\\\hline \end{tabular} \\{\small${}^{a}$.} \\{\small${}^{b}$.} \\{\small${}^{c}$.} a b c a. b. c tabular tabular tabular t b c \newcommand{\testtab}[1][c]{~ ~ \begin{tabular}[#1]{ c } \hline \\ \\ \hline\end{tabular}} \testtab \testtab[t] \testtab[b] 129

146 8 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX 0 GUI L A TEX tabular Microsoft Excel Excel2latex Exel2tabular Microsoft Excel L A TEX Microsoft Excel OpenOffice.org Calc Calc2LaTeX Calc tabular L A TEX 8.3 L A TEX PDF Dvipdfmx PostScript dvips 2 L A TEX picture L A TEX [29] L A TEX [30] Encapsulated PostScript EPS graphicx EPS Photoshop Illustrator Gnuplot Mathematica Matlab CAD Unix OS L A TEX Tgif Ngraph Windows Cygwin XFree86 Canna 130

147 L A TEX 2ε EPS EPS Encapsulated PostScript Adobe Post- Script EPS dvips PS Dvipdfmx 1 Ghostscript pdfwrite EPS PDF PDF L A TEX EPS 1. EPS PostScript 2 2. graphicx \usepackage[ ]{graphicx} PS dvips PDF Dvipdfmx dvipdfm 3. \includegraphics \includegraphics[ ]{ } graphicx width= 100 mm height= 100 mm angle= 0 < < 360 scale= 0 < Ghostscript examples golfer.eps EPS EPS golfer.eps L A TEX golfer.eps L A TEX \usepackage[]{graphicx} document \includegraphics[width=5cm]{golfer.eps} platex DVI file.dvi 131

148 8 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX graphicx JPG BMP EPS L A TEX graphicx graphicx 1 \usepackage{graphicx} PostScript DVI PDF Windows PDF Dvipdfmx Dvipdfmx \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx} Dvipdfmx graphicx dvipdfm dvipdfmx Unix OS PostScript \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} dvipsk pdvips dvips xdvi dviout dviout dviout GRAPHIC/LATEX2E/dviout.def $TEXMF/tex/latex/graphics/ dvips xdvi dvipdf dvipdfm pdftex dvipsone dviwindo emtex dviwin pctexps pctexwin pctexhp pctex32 truetex tcidvi vtex oztex textures graphicx.def \includegraphics \includegraphics[ ]{ } Windows dviout EPS 1 EPS PDF Dvipdfmx Unix OS 132

149 L A TEX 2ε 8.3 EPS dvips \documentclass{jarticle} \usepackage[ ]{graphicx} \begin{document} \includegraphics{ } \end{document} dviout EPS Ghostscript EPS PDF dviout Ghostscript height= totalheight= width= scale= angle= bb= bb= (0, 0) noclip clip draft keepaspectratio graphicx 8 \begin{figure}[htbp] \begin{center} \includegraphics[width=10cm]{images/file.eps} \caption{ }\label{fig:samplefig} \end{center} \end{figure} myfig \newcommand{myfig}[4][width=.8\textwidth]{% \begin{figure}[htbp]% \centering\includegraphics[#1]{#2}% 133

150 8 L A TEX 2ε \caption{#3}\label{fig:#4}% \end{figure}} ~\ref{fig:sample} \myfig[width=100pt,clip]{images/file.eps}{ }{sample} DVI \rotatebox \rotatebox[ ]{ } \includegraphics angle \rotatebox origin= l r c t b x= y= x y \rotatebox{70}{ } \rotatebox[origin=c]{60}{ } \rotatebox[origin=b]{50}{ } \rotatebox{30}{ } \scalebox \scalebox{ }[ ]{ } \scalebox{2.3}{ }\par \scalebox{3}[1]{ } \reflectbox \reflectbox{ } 134

151 L A TEX 2ε 8.3 \reflectbox{ }\par \reflectbox{ }\par \scalebox{-1}[1]{ } LATEX \resizebox \resizebox{ }{ }{ }! \resizebox{!}{1cm}{ }\par \resizebox{3cm}{!}{ } \rotatebox \scalebox \reflectbox \resizebox 8 minipage \newcommand{\testtab}{\begin{tabular}{ c } \hline \LaTeX\\ \LaTeXe \\ \hline % \end{tabular}} \rotatebox{80}{\testtab}~ \reflectbox{\testtab} L A TEX L A TEX 2ε LATEX 2ε Excel PowerPoint 3 PS Windows 1. EPS-Conv ImageMagick EPS 2. PostScript eps2eps 3. A4 graphicx Microsoft Excel 1. Windows [ ] [ ] HP 135

152 8 L A TEX 2ε Color Laser Jet PS hoge.eps.eps Ghostscript GSView 2. [ ] A4 [ ] 0 [ ] [ ] 3. [ ] [ ] OK EPS..eps 4. filename.eps L A TEX graphicx \includegraphics[scale=0.4,angle=-90]{filename} A L A TEX 2 4 L A TEX Excel TrueType Mathematica Illustrator Excel L A TEX graphicx 136

153 L A TEX 2ε 8.3 Illustrator ver.8 [ ] Illustrator EPS EPS PostScript level 2 8-bit IBM PC Illustrator Tomas Rokicki fixill.pl Perl Perl fixill < input.eps > output.eps photoshop ver.7 [ ] [ ] Photoshop EPS ASCII Mathematica ver.4 MATLAB [ ] [ ] [TeX(X)] L A TEX 2ε EPS filename.eps Mathematica EPS L A TEX filename.eps %%BoundingBox: x 0 y 0 x y MATLAB [ ] [ ] EPS Level 2 Illustrator (a) (b) minipage \begin{figure}[htbp] \begin{minipage}{.47\textwidth} \centering% (a) (a) $c=0.6$ \end{minipage} 137

154 8 L A TEX 2ε \hfill \begin{minipage}{.47\textwidth} \centering% (b) (b) $c=1.0$ \end{minipage} \caption{1 } \end{figure} EPS L A TEX EPS GIF BMP JPEG EPS ImageMagick Windows EPS-Conv EPS EPS Dvipdfmx EPS PDF JPEG PNG MetaPost 4 Windows BMP JPEG image.png ebb image.png image.png image.bb ebb dvipdfm image.bb image.bb %%Title:./image.png %%Creator: ebb Version %%BoundingBox: BoundingBox \documentclass{jsarticle} \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx} \begin{document} \includegraphics[width=3cm]{image.png} \end{document} 138

155 L A TEX 2ε 8.3 DVI Dvipdfmx PDF EPS PDF Dvipdfmx EPS Dvipdfmx Ghostscript EPS PDF PDF EPS PDF Ghostscript pdfwrite BoundingBox EPS epstopdf PDF epstopdf filename.eps filename.pdf EPS GNU Ghostscript 7.07 epspdf 8 #!/bin/bash FILE=$1 fig= basename $FILE.eps epstopdf $FILE egrep "%%BoundingBox:" $FILE > $fig.bb /usr/local/bin/ epspdf filename.eps PDF filename.pdf filename.bb EPS PDF #!/bin/sh for f in ls *.eps ; do fig= basename $f.eps epstopdf $f grep "^%%BoundingBox:" $f > $fig.bb done epspdfs PDF L A TEX \documentclass{jsarticle} \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx} \begin{document} \includegraphics{filename.pdf} \end{document} 139

156 8 L A TEX 2ε 8.4 L A TEX graphicx 1 graphicx 8.3 L A TEX \special L A TEX TEX L A TEX picture L A TEX verbatim verbatim DVI \begin{verbatim} \end{verbatim} verbatim plain2 L A TEX Illustrator 140

157 L A TEX 2ε 8.4 Illustrator Illustrator n i P i = (x i, y i ) (8.1) (8.2) n 1 P(u) = P i B i,n (u) (8.1) B(u) = i=0 n! i! (n i)! ui (1 u) n i (8.2) Type1 2 P 0 = ( 1, 1) P 1 = (0, 0) P 2 = (1, 1) (8.1) (8.2) P(u) = P 0 B 0,2 + P 1 B 1,2 + P 1 B 1,2 = P 0 (1 u) 2 + P 1 2u(1 u) + P 2 u 2 (8.3) 8 (8.3) u L A TEX picture y P 0 P 2 P 1 O x 8.1 L A TEX picture L A TEX picture picture \unitlength 141

158 8 L A TEX 2ε \begin{picture}(x, y)(x 0, y 0 ) \end{picture} picture picture (x, y) (x 0, y 0 ) (x, y) picture x y (x 0, y 0 ) \put \multiput x y \unitlength \put(x, y){ } \multiput(x, y)( x, y){ }{ } \put (x, y) \multiput (x, y) ( x, y) ( x, y) 2 \qbezier \qbezier(x 1, y 1 )(x 2, y 2 )(x 3, y 3 ) (x 1, y 1 ) (x 2, y 2 ) (x 3, y 3 ) 2 \line(x, y){ } \vector(x, y){ } \circle*{ } \oval(, )[ ] \line (x, y) \vector \line \circle* * \oval \setlength{\unitlength}{1mm} \begin{picture}(40,30) \put(10,10){\line(1,1){10}} \put(10,0){\vector(1,1){10}} \put(20,20){\circle{5}} \end{picture} \oval t b l r 142

159 L A TEX 2ε 8.4 \setlength{\unitlength}{1mm} \begin{picture}(50,30) \put(8,12){\oval(10,15)[tl]} \put(8,8){\oval(10,15)[bl]} \put(10,10){\oval(10,15)} \put(12,12){\oval(10,15)[tr]} \put(12,8){\oval(10,15)[br]} \end{picture} picture \thinlines \thicklines \thinilnes \thicklines picture \setlength{\unitlength}{1mm} \begin{picture}(50,30) \thicklines \put(10,10){\line(1,1){10}} \put(10,20){\vector(1,1){10}} \thinlines \put(10,0){\vector(1,1){10}} \put(20,20){\circle{5}} \end{picture} picture 1 epic L A TEX picture picture picture L A TEX 1980 Sunil Podar epic picture epic L A TEX picture \multiputlist \matrixput \grid \picsquare \dottedline \dashline \drawline \jput \putfile dottedjoin dashjoin drawjoin ( x, y) \multiputlist \multiputlist(x, y)( x, y)[ tbrl ]{ } \matrixput \matrixput(x, y)( x 1, y 1 ){ n 1 }( x 2, y 2 ){ n 2 }{ } 143

160 8 L A TEX 2ε \setlength{\unitlength}{1pt} \begin{picture}(150,110)(0,0) \multiputlist(0,0)(15,10)% {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} \matrixput(0,0)(20,0){7}(0,20){5}%% {\mbox{ }} \end{picture} \grid \grid(, )(, )[ x,y ] \dottedline[ ]{ }(x 1, y 1 )(x 2, y 2 ) (x n, y n ) \dashline{ }[ ](x 1, y 1 )(x 2, y 2 ) (x n, y n ) \drawline(x 1, y 1 )(x 2, y 2 ) (x n, y n ) \dottedline \dashline \drawline \setlength{\unitlength}{1pt} \begin{picture}(150,120)(0,0) \put(0,0){\grid(100,100)(25,25)[0,0]} \dottedline[$\heartsuit$]{10}(0,0)(100,100) \dashline{3}(0,80)(30,50)(50,45)(100,20) \drawline(0,70)(10,60)(30,40)(100,50) \end{picture} picture 2 eepic Sunil Podar epic Conrad Kwok eepic epic \usepackage{epic,eepic} epic L A TEX picture \line \circle* \oval epic eepic Tpic Tpic dviout dvips Dvipdfmx Tpic 144

161 L A TEX 2ε 8.4 \allinethickness{ } \Thicklines \allinethickness picture \Thicklines \thicklines \begin{picture}(100,100)(0,0) \thinlines \put(0,0){\vector(1,0){70}} \thicklines\put(0,0){\vector(1,1){70}} \put(0,0){\vector(0,1){70}} \Thicklines\put(0,0){\vector(2,1){70}} \end{picture} eepic \drawline \path \qbezier \spline \spline Chaikin 8 \path(x 1, y 1 )(x 2, y 2 ) (x n, y n ) \spline(x 1, y 1 )(x 2, y 2 ) (x n, y n ) \setlength{\unitlength}{1pt} \begin{picture}(150,100)(0,0) \path(0,60)(25,100)(100,25)(150,50)% (100,100)(25,0)(55,75) \Thicklines \spline(0,60)(25,100)(100,25)(150,50)% (100,100)(25,0)(55,75) \end{picture} \ellipse \arc \ellipse*{ }{ } \arc{ }{ }{ } [0, π/2] [, + 2π] \filltype \circle* \ellipse* black white shade \filltype{ } 145

162 8 L A TEX 2ε \begin{picture}(150,100)(0,0) \filltype{shade} \put(10,50){\ellipse*{50}{30}} \filltype{black} \put(50,50){\ellipse*{30}{50}} \put(80,50){\ellipse{45}{65}} \end{picture} picture 3 pict2e Hubert Gäßlein Rolf Niepraschk pict2e picture 2003 picture dvips xdvi pdftex vtex dvipdfm picture \circle \cbezier \qbezier(x, y)(x, y)(x, y) \cbezier(x, y)(x, y)(x, y)(x, y) \qbezier 2 \cbezier 3 \setlength{\unitlength}{1pt} \begin{picture}(100,100)(0,0) \qbezier(0,0)(50,100)(100,0) \cbezier(0,0)(25,200)(75,0)(100,100) \end{picture} Tpic Unix OS Brian Kernighan PIC Tim Morgan TEX Tpic Unix OS PIC PIC Tpic 146

163 L A TEX 2ε 8.5 TEX \special Tpic Tpic Tpic dvips dviout Dvipdfmx 8.2 PIC hoge.pic PIC file pic Tpic file input L A TEX file L A TEX DVI special Picture 8.2 Tpic.PS box "PIC file" arrow "pic" above box "\textsc{tpic} file" arrow "input" above dashed box "{\LaTeX} file" arrow "{\LaTeX}" above box "DVI" arrow "special" above dashed ellipse "Picture" fill.pe 8 hoge.pic pic TEX -t pic -t hoge.pic > hoge.tex hoge.tex \graph file.tex \input{hoge} \begin{center} {\box\graph} \end{center} figure Donald Knuth METAFONT John Hobby EPS METAPOST METAFONT TEX 147

164 8 L A TEX 2ε file.gf METAPOST EPS file.n METAPOST METAPOST METAFONT Donald Knuth METAFONTbook [48] METAFONT mf This is METAFONT, Version (Web2C 7.3.9) ** * \relax ** * drawdot (0,0); showit; <ENTER> * draw (0,0)..(100,0); showit; * draw (0,100)..(100,100)..(100,0); showit; <ENTER> end. METAPOST mp mpost METAPOST hoge.mp beginfig(1) u=100; draw (u,u)--(2u,u)--(2u,2u)..cycle; draw (u,u)..(2u,u)..(2u,2u)..(u,2u)..cycle; endfig; end. mpost hoge.mp 148

165 L A TEX 2ε METAPOST EPS hoge.1 Ghostscript 8.3 METAPOST mpost jmpost ptex Windows jmpost PSTricks Timothy Zandt PSTricks \special PostScript PostScript TEX/L A TEX PostScript dvips PostScript PSTricks 70 L A TEX [30] 4 pstricks grahics color pst-col pst-all \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} \usepackage[dvips,usenames]{pst-col} \usepackage{pst-all} 3 EPS II PSTricks Dvipdfmx pstricks EPS \documentclass{jsarticle} \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} 149

166 8 L A TEX 2ε \usepackage[dvips,usenames]{pst-col} \usepackage{pst-all} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \begin{pspicture}(100,100) \end{pspicture} \end{document} fig1.tex platex fig1 dvipsk -Pdl -E -o fig1.eps fig1 epstopdf fig1.eps egrep "ˆ L A TEX PDF fig1.pdf graphicx \includegraphics %\usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx} \includegrpahics[bb={ }]{fig1.pdf} CV Radhakrishnan CV Rajagopal pdftricks pdftex PSTricks pl A TEX pdftricks pst2pdf for f in $FIGURES ; do latex $fig dvips -Ppdf -E -o $fig.eps $fig epstopdf $fig.eps done latex platex dvips epstopdf PDF egrep "^%%BoundingBox:" $FILE > $fig.bb 1 150

167 9 LATEX L A TEX 9.1 layout document \layout 9 \voffset 0 1 \voffset -1in \hoffset 1 \oddsidemargin oneside \oddsidemargin \evensidemargin twoside oneside \topmargin \voffset \headheight \headsep \footskip \textheight 151

168 9 3 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε Header 2 Body 7 Margin Notes Footer 1 one inch + \hoffset 2 one inch + \voffset 3 \oddsidemargin = 62pt 4 \topmargin = 20pt 5 \headheight = 12pt 6 \headsep = 25pt 7 \textheight = 592pt 8 \textwidth = 327pt 9 \marginparsep = 10pt 10 \marginparwidth = 106pt 11 \footskip = 30pt \marginparpush = 5pt (not shown) \hoffset = 0pt \voffset = 0pt \paperwidth = 597pt \paperheight = 845pt

169 L A TEX 2ε 9.1 \textwidth \marginparwidth \marginparpush \marginparsep \columnsep \columnseprule \setlength{\textwidth}{33zw} \setlength{\textheight}{40\baselineskip} geometry \linewidth 9 \begin{quote} linewidth=\the\linewidth \begin{quote} linewidth=\the\linewidth \end{quote} \end{quote} linewidth= pt linewidth= pt \pagestyle{ } \pagestyle 9.1 myheadings 9.1 empty plain headings myheadings 153

170 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \markright { } \markboth { }{ } \markright \markboth 2004 \pagestyle{myheadings} \markboth{ }{2004 } 1 \thispagestyle{ } \pagenumbering{ } arabic 1, 2, 3,... roan i, ii, iii,... Roman I, II, III,... alph a, b, c,..., z Alph A, B, C,..., Z L A TEX Piet Oostrum fancyhdr fancyhdr fancyheadings fancyhdr \usepackage{fancyhdr} \pagestyle{fancy} fancyhdr 154

171 L A TEX 2ε 9.1 \lhead \chead \rhead \headrulewidth \footrulewidth \lfoot \cfoot \rfoot \lhead \chead \rhead \lfoot \cfoot \rfoot \headrulewidth \footrulewidth \def\headrulewidth{\iffloatpage{0pt}{.4pt}} \lhead jarticle 9 \lhead{} \chead{} \rhead{ } \lfoot{ } \cfoot{} \rfoot{\textbf{\thepage}} \def\headrulewidth{.4pt} \def\footrulewidth{.4pt} jbook twoside EL(H) EC(H) ER(H) EL(F) EC(F) ER(F) OL(H) OC(H) OR(H) OL(F) OC(F) OR(F) \fancyhead \fancyfoot 155

172 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \documentclass{jbook} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead[er,ol]{\rightmark} \fancyhead[el,or]{\leftmark} \fancyfoot[ec,oc]{\textbf{\thepage}} \chaptermark \sectionmark fancyhdr \def\chaptermark#1{\markboth{% \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \if@mainmatter \@chapapp\thechapter\@chappos\hskip1zw \fi \fi #1}{}}% \def\sectionmark#1{\markright{% \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\z@ \thesection \hskip1zw\fi #1}}% / / \AtEndDocument{\label{lastpage}} \makeatletter \newcommand{\ps@total}{% \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo \let\@oddhead\@empty \let\@evenhead\@empty \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\hfil--\thepage/\pageref{lastpage}--\hfil}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot} \makeatother \pagestyle{total} \ps@total total \normalfont \bfseries 9.2 L A TEX \newpage 2 156

173 L A TEX 2ε 9.3 \clearpage 2 \cleardoublepage \samepage \hspace{ } \hspace*{ } \vspace{ } \vspace*{ } \hspace{1cm} \vspace{1cm} \par \hspace{1cm} \hspace{1cm} L A TEX L A TEX \today \number\year \number\month \number\day jarticle \ \ \today jsclasses jclasses 157

174 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε {\number\year} {\number\month} {\number\day} {\today} L A TEX \TeX \LaTeX \LaTeXe TEX L A TEX L A TEX 2ε jsclasses \ptex \platex \platexe ptex pl A TEX pl A TEX 2ε {\TeX} \\ {\LaTeX} \\ {\TeX pert} {\LaTeXe} \\ {\ptex} TEX L A TEX TEXpert L A TEX 2ε ptex 9.4 $y=30cm$ 300mm y = 30cm 300mm $y=30\,\mathrm{cm}$ 300\,mm y = 30 cm 300 mm \ensuremath mm \newcommand{\mm}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{mm}}} L A TEX \l \newcommand{\litter}{\,\ensuremath{\mathit{l}}} units.sty 158

175 L A TEX 2ε 9.5 %File:units.sty \newcommand{\mm}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{\milli mm}}} \newcommand{\cm}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{cm}}} \newcommand{\km}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{km}}} \newcommand{\mg}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{mg}}} \newcommand{\kg}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{kg}}} \newcommand{\cc}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{cc}}} \newcommand{\litter}{\,\ensuremath{l}} \newcommand{\ohm}{\ensuremath{\,\mathrm{\omega}}} \mathrm L A TEX textcomp fontenc \usepackage[t1]{fontenc} \usepackage{textcomp} 9 txfonts pxfonts \usepackage{txfonts,textcomp}% pxfonts 9.3 textcomp tectcomp CTAN CTAN/info/symbols/comprehensive/ 9.5 \tableofcontents thebibliography \renewcommand{\refname}{ } 9.4 \bibname jreport jbook (j)article \refname jsclasses \renewcommand{presectionname}{ } \renewcommand{postsectionname}{ } \presectionname \postsectionname 159

176 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε 9.3 textcomp \textquotestraightdblbase \textmarried \textlquill \texttwelveudash \textmusicalnote \textrquill \textthreequartersemdash \texttildelow \textcent \textleftarrow \textdblhyphenchar \textsterling \textrightarrow \textasciibreve \textcurrency \textblank ˇ \textasciicaron \textyen $ \textdollar `` \textgravedbl \textbrokenbar ' \textquotesingle \textacutedbl \textsection * \textasteriskcentered \textdagger \textasciidieresis \textdblhyphen \textdaggerdbl \textcopyright \textfractionsolidus \textbardbl ª \textordfeminine 0 \textzerooldstyle % \textperthousand \textcopyleft 1 \textoneoldstyle \textbullet \textlnot 2 \texttwooldstyle C \textcelsius P \textcircledp 3 \textthreeoldstyle $ \textdollaroldstyle \textregistered 4 \textfouroldstyle \textcentoldstyle \textasciimacron 5 \textfiveoldstyle ƒ \textflorin \textdegree 6 \textsixoldstyle \textcolonmonetary ± \textpm 7 \textsevenoldstyle \textwon ² \texttwosuperior 8 \texteightoldstyle \textnaira ³ \textthreesuperior 9 \textnineoldstyle \textguarani \textasciiacute \textlangle \textpeso µ \textmu \textminus \textlira \textparagraph \textrangle \textrecipe \textperiodcentered \textmho \textinterrobang \textreferencemark \textbigcircle \textinterrobangdown ¹ \textonesuperior Ω \textohm \textdong º \textordmasculine \textlbrackdbl \texttrademark \textsurd \textrbrackdbl % \textpertenthousand ¼ \textonequarter \textuparrow \textpilcrow ½ \textonehalf \textdownarrow \textbaht ¾ \textthreequarters ` \textasciigrave \textnumero \texteuro \textborn \textdiscount \texttimes \textdivorced \textestimated \textdiv \textdied \textopenbullet \textleaf \textservicemark 9.6 \chapter* \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ } 160

177 L A TEX 2ε \prepartname \postpartname \prechaptername \postchaptername \contentsname \listfigurename \listtablename \bibname thebibliography \indexname theindex \figurename \tablename \appendixname appendix 9 \addcontentsline{ }{ }{ } \addtocontents{ }{ } jreport \chapter*{ } \chapter*{ }\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ } \chapter* \addtocontents{toc}{\newpage} \addtocontents{lof}{\newpage} 9.7 L A TEX 1 2 \onecolumn \twocolumn[ ] \columnsep 2 \columnseprule 2 161

178 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε 1 \onecolumn 2 \twocolumn \twocolumn 2 1 \columnsep 2zw \columnseprule.4pt \twocolumn[{\large\latexe }] 2 {\LaTeX} 2 \textwidth 1 \columnwidth table* figure* table figure 1 \twocolumn 2 multicol 2 balance Frank Mittelbach multicol 10 \begin{multicols{ } \end{multicols} multicols \begin{multicols}{4} 10 \end{multicols}

179 L A TEX 2ε TEX/L A TEX 2 \newlength \newlength{ } \setlength{ }{ } \addtolength{ }{ } \setlength \addtolength \newlength \newlength \setlength 9 \newlength{\newa} newa=\the\newa\par \setlength{\newa}{10mm} newa=\the\newa\par \setlength{\newa}{10mm plus 3mm minus 2mm} \par newa=\the\newa\par \addtolength{\newa}{3mm} newa=\the\newa newa=0.0pt newa= pt newa= pt plus pt minus pt newa= pt plus pt minus pt \settowidth{ }{ } \settoheigth{ }{ } \settodepth{ }{ } \settowidth \settoheight \settodepth %\newlength{\newa} \newcommand{\fakewidth}[1]{% \settowidth{\newa}{#1}% \framebox[\the\newa][c]{\strut}} {$\int f(x)dx$} \par \fakewidth{$\int f(x)dx$} f (x)dx 163

180 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε 9.9 L A TEX ltboxes.dtx L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX \makebox[ ][ ]{ } \makebox l c r s \makebox[3zw][l]{ } \makebox[3zw][c]{ } \makebox[5zw][r]{ } \makebox[5zw][s]{g o o d!} G o o d! \mbox \mbox{ } \makebox \hspace*{\fill} \mbox{ } L A TEX \framebox[ ][ ]{ } \framebox \makebox \fboxrule \fboxsep \fboxrule \fboxsep \framebox[3zw][l]{ } {\fboxrule=3pt\framebox[3zw][c]{ }} \framebox[5zw][r]{ } \framebox[5zw][s]{g o o d!} G o o d! 164

181 L A TEX 2ε 9.9 \makebox \fbox \fbox{ } {\fboxsep=0pt\fbox{ }} {\fboxrule=.8pt\fbox{ }} \parbox \parindent \parbox[ ][ ][ ]{ }{ } \parbox t c b \parbox{13zw}{ \par \par } 9 \parbox[c]{4zw}{ }\ldots \parbox[t][3zw][c]{4zw}{ }\ldots \parbox[b][3zw][t]{4zw}{ }\ldots \parbox{3zw}{ } minipage \begin{minipage}[ ]{ } \end{minipage} minipage ~ \begin{minipage}[t]{7zw} \footnote{ } \end{minipage} ~ a a 165

182 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \newsavebox{ } \newsavebox L A TEX \savebox \sbox \savebox{ }[ ][ ]{ } \sbox{ }{ } \savebox lrbox lrbox \begin{lrbox}{ } \end{lrbox} \usebox \usebox{ } \usebox \newsavebox{\hoge} \savebox{\hoge}{\latexe \LaTeX3 } \usebox{\hoge}, \usebox{\hoge}.\par \usebox{\hoge}, \usebox{\hoge}.\par \sbox{\hoge}{} \usebox{\hoge} L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3, L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3. L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3, L A TEX 2ε L A TEX3. L A TEX \setbox \raisebox \raisebox{ }[ ][ ]{ } \raisebox 166

183 L A TEX 2ε 9.9 \raisebox{1zw}{ } \raisebox{-1zw}{ } \raisebox{1.5zw}{\fbox{ }} \fbox{ \raisebox{1zw}{ } \raisebox{-1zw}{ } \raisebox{1zw}{ } \raisebox{-1zw}{ }} \rule[ ]{ }{ } \rule 0 pt 0 pt 9 \fbox{\rule{0pt}{3zw}\rule{4zw}{0pt}} \fbox{\rule{0pt}{3zw}\rule{2zw}{0pt}} \underline \underline{ } \underline \underline{\fbox{ } } \underline{ } L A TEX \fbox \framebox \fbox{ } \\ \framebox[10zw][c]{ }\\ \fbox{\fbox{2 }} \\ {\fboxrule=1pt\fbox{ }}\\ {\fboxsep=0pt\fbox{ }} 2 167

184 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε Timothy Zandt fancybox \shadowbox \doublebox \ovalbox \Ovalbox \shadowbox{ } \\ \doublebox{2 \\ \ovalbox{ } \\ \Ovalbox{ }} 2 fancybox Sbox \TheSbox \fbox minipage fminipage \newenvironment{fminipage}% {\begin{sbox}\begin{minipage}}% {\end{minipage}\end{sbox}\fbox{\thesbox}} \newenvironment{fminipage}% {\begin{sbox}\begin{minipage}}% {\end{minipage}\end{sbox}\fbox{\thesbox}} \begin{fminipage}{.8\linewidth} \end{fminipage} \fbox 1 \( y=f(x)+\fbox{\(c\)}\) \begin{equation} \fbox{\(y=f(x)\)} \end{equation} y = f (x) + C y = f (x) (9.1) (\linewidth ( ) 2\fboxrule 2\fboxsep) calc %\usepackage{calc,fancybox} \fbox{\parbox{% (\linewidth-2\fboxrule-2\fboxsep)}{ \begin{equation} y=f(x) \end{equation}}} y = f (x) (9.2) eqnarray fancybox Beqnarray \fbox 168

185 L A TEX 2ε 9.9 \fbox{\begin{beqnarray} y&=&f(x)\\ &=&1/x \end{beqnarray}} y = f (x) (9.3) = 1/x (9.4) table figure \Sbox %\usepackage{calc,fancybox} \newenvironment{ftable}[1][htbp]% {\begin{table}[#1] \begin{sbox}\begin{minipage}{% (\linewidth-2\fboxrule-2\fboxsep)}}% {\end{minipage}\end{sbox}\fbox{\thesbox}\end{table}} ftable ffigure 9.5 L A TEX2.09 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX fancybox center Bcenter Bflushleft Bflushright \fbox{\begin{bcenter} \\ \\ \end{bcenter}} \fbox{\begin{bflushleft} \\ \\ \end{bflushleft}} \fbox{\begin{bflushright} \\ \\ \end{bflushright}} minipage minipage \fbox fancybox Bitemize Benumerate Bdescription 169

186 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \fbox{\begin{benumerate} \item \item \item \end{benumerate}} \verb \VerbBox \VerbBox{\fbox}{% \verb \VerbBox{\fbox}{\verb+ +} } \VerbBox{\fbox}{\verb+ +} verbatim Sbox \TheSbox fverbatim \VerbatimEnvironment Verbatim \newenvironment{fverbatim}[1]% {\VerbatimEnvironment \begin{sbox}% \begin{minipage}{#1} \begin{verbatim}}% {\end{verbatim}\end{minipage}\end{sbox}% \fbox{\thesbox}} \begin{fverbatim}{.8\linewidth} \end{fverbatim} fancybox 9.10 L A TEX 4 quad quad {\quad} {\qquad} \ 170

187 L A TEX 2ε \ 1/4 quad \quad \qquad \enspace \enskip \thinspace \negthinspace 1 quad 2 quad 1/2 quad 1/2 quad 1/5 quad -1/5 quad \, 3/18 quad 9 \: 4/18 quad \; 5/18 quad \! -3/18 quad ~ Donald~E. Knuth made \TeX\@. Leslie~Lamport made \LaTeX\@. Donald E. Knuth made TEX. L A TEX. Leslie Lamport made \hspace* \hspace*[ ] \hspace{2zw} \par \hspace*{-2zw} jsclasses pt cm truept truecm em zw \addvspace \vspace* \vspace* 171

188 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \smallskip \midskip \bigskip 9.8 \smallskip \medskip \bigskip 3 pt±1 pt 6 pt±2 pt 12 pt +4 pt 2 pt L A TEX \vspace* \addvspace \addvspace{ } \vspace*{ } \vspace* \addvspace \vspace \vspace*{2zw} L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX fil fill fil 0 fill fil fil fill fill 172

189 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX \hfil \hfill \hss \vfil \vfill \vss {\hfil} {\hfil} \par {\hfil} {\hfill} fil fill \strecth 9 \stretch{ } fill hoge\hspace{\stretch{3}}hoge% \hspace{\stretch{1}}hoge.\par hoge\hspace{\fill}hoge\hspace{\fill}% hoge.\par hoge hoge hoge. hoge hoge hoge. \fill \hspace \vspace \vspace*{\fill} \hfil \hfill L A TEX 9.10 fill \dotfill \hrulefill ltplain.dtx fontdef.dtx \makebox[5zw][l]{ \dotfill }\par \hrulefill\par \leftarrowfill \par \rightarrowfill\par

190 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε 9.10 \dotfill \hrulefill \leftarrowfill \rightarrowfill \downbracefill { }} { \upbracefill } {{ } \leaders \leaders \cleaders \xleaders \newcommand{\hogefill}{\leavevmode\leaders% \hbox{ }\hfill\kern0pt} \hogefill\par \hogefill \par \include{,... } \input{,... } \includeonly{,... } \include \chapter \input L A TEX.tex 9.13 \appendix appendix 2 appendix \begin{appendix} 174

191 L A TEX 2ε 9.14 \end{appendix} \appendix A 9.14 \newcommand{\hito}[1]{#1 } 9 \hito{ } L A TEX Hello, everyone! I m a student at Future University Hakodate. Today, please let me talk about my future plan. First,... %Hello, everyone! I m a student at Future University Hakodate. %Today, please let me talk about my future plan. %First,

192 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε Word Hello, everyone! I m a student at Future University-Hakodate. Future University-Hakodate \newcommand{\fun}{future University-Hakodate} \newcommand{\fun}{ } 9.17 TEX/L A TEX 2 color L A TEX 2 graphics David Carlisle color color graphicx Dvipdfmx \usepackage[dvipdfm]{color} 176

193 L A TEX 2ε 9.17 usenames color usenames I dvipsnames dvips rgb Red Green Blue cmyk Cyan Magenta Yellow Black gray 0 1 named \definecolor \definecolor{ }{ }{ } 9 \definecolor{mygray}{gray}{0.85} \definecolor{myred}{rgb}{0.3,0,0} \definecolor{myyellow}{cmyk}{} \textcolor \textcolor{ } \textcolor[ ]{ }{ } \color \color{ } \color[ ]{ } \textcolor{gray}{ }\\ \textcolor[rgb]{1,0,0}{ }\\ {\color{gray}{\fbox{ }}} \color \newcommand{\black}{\color{black}} \newcommand{\gray}{\color{gray}} \newcommand{\white}{\color{white}} \newcommand{\red}{\color{red}} \newcommand{\green}{\color{green}} \newcommand{\blue}{\color{blue}} \newcommand{\cyan}{\color{cyan}} \newcommand{\magenta}{\color{magenta}} \newcommand{\yellow}{\color{yellow}} 177

194 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \newcommand{\gray}{\color{gray}} {\gray } \pagecolor \pagecolor{ } \pagecolor[ ]{ } 1 \colorbox \colorbox{ }{ } \colorbox[ ]{ }{ } \colorbox{red}{ }\\ \colorbox[gray]{.8}{ }\\ \colorbox{black}{\color{white}% } \fcolorbox \fcolorbox{ }{ }{ } \fcolorbox[ ]{ }{ }{ } \fcolorbox \fbox \fboxrule \fboxsep \fcolorbox{red}{blue}{ }\\ \fcolorbox[gray]{.5}{.8}{ }\\ {\fboxrule=2.4pt\fcolorbox{blue}{red}% { }} 9.18 verbatim Texinfo Carsten Heinz listings 178

195 L A TEX 2ε 9.18 jlisting.sty lgrind morevrb progc listings listings listings \usepackage[ ]{listings} draft draft final draft savemem TEX/L A TEX 9 listings TEX draft listings lstlisting L A TEX begin{lstlisting}[ 1, 2,... ] end{lstlisting} C \begin{lstlisting}[language=c] int main( void ){ printf("hello World!!\n"); } \end{lstlisting} \lstinputlisting \lstinputlisting[ 1, 2,... ]{ } \lstset 179

196 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \usepackage[dvips]{color} \lstset{%listings frame=tbrl,% backgroundcolor={\color[gray]{0.85}},% numbers=left,% numberstyle=\scriptsize,% stepnumber=1,%1 numbersep=1zw}% 1 \lstdefinestyle \lstdefinestyle{ }{ } 1 \lstdefinestyle{number1}{numbers=left numberstyle=\scriptsize,% stepnumber=1 numbersep=1zw} \begin{lstlisting}[language=c,style=number1] \lstdefinstyle{c}{language=c,style=number1} \begin{lstlisting}[style=c] \lstnewenvironment{ }{ }{ } C \lstnewenvironment{c}{% \lstset{language=c,style=number1}}{} float \begin{lstlisting}[language=c,float,caption={listings }] int main( void ){printf("hello World!!\n");} \end{lstlisting} 180

197 L A TEX 2ε listings listings Assembler Basic C C++ Cobol csh [Sharp]C Delphi Fortran HTML IDL Java ksh [LaTeX]TeX Lisp Logo make Mathematica Matlab MetaPost MuPAD Octave Pascal [plain]tex Perl PHP Prolog Python Ruby Scilab SQL tcl [tk]tcl TeX VBScript [Visual]Basic [Visual]C++ VRML XML 9 \begin{lstlisting}[\language={[latex]tex}] \lstdefinelanguage \lstdefinelanguage{ }{ } \lstdefinelanguage{ccc}{ morekeywords={short int long float double},% sensitive=false, morecomment=[l]{//},% morecomment=[s]{/*}{*/},% morestring=[b]",% morestring=[d],% } listings 181

198 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε columns=[l]{fullflexible} lineskip= 0 pt firstline= 1 lastline= tabsize= 8 showtabs= true false tab= $\Longrightarrow$ showspace= true false linewidth= \linewidth xleftmargin= 0 pt xrightmargin= 0 pt breaklines= true false false prebreak= postbreak= postbreak=\return language={ } 9.11 basicstyle= \small \ttfamily commentstyle= stringstyle= keywordstyle= 182

199 L A TEX 2ε 9.18 numbers= none left right stepnumber= numberstyle= firstnumber= auto last float= htbp caption= label= \ref captionpos= t b \lstlistoflistings caption \lstlistlistingname Listings \lstlistingname listing 9 \lstlistlistingname \lstlistingname \renewcommand{\lstlistlistingname}{ } \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{ } frame= none single shadowbox frame= trbltrbl \begin{lstlisting}[frame=tblr,] main( void ){ int a=3; int b=5; printf("a+b=%d.\n", a+b); } \end{lstlisting} 9.1 t b l r main( void ){ 183

200 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε 2 int a=3; int b=5; 3 printf("a+b=%d.\n", a+b); 4 } backgroundcolor= rulecolor= color \color [frame=single,backgroundcolor={\color[gray]{.85}}, rulecolor={\color[gray]{.5}}] main( void ){ 2 int a=3; int b=5; 3 printf("a+b=%d.\n", a+b); 4 } \lstinputlisting[language={prolog},caption=prolog % \textsf{listings},label=src:prolog]{filename.pl} % File: prolog.pl % Author: Toru Watanabe 3 % Date: Saturday, Aug. 9th, % Original Source Information: 5 % File: Micro Expert System. 6 % Ian Frank, July 2001, updated May % (Based on original by Alison Cawsey) 8 % Dynamic userfact/1 9 : dynamic(userfact/1). 10 % Clear userfact/1 11 clear_facts : 12 retract(userfact(_)), 13 clear_facts. 14 clear_facts : Prolog Listings 184

201 L A TEX 2ε 9.19 URL 15 write( OK removed user facts ) 16 % NEW OPERATORS 17 : op(975 fx if). 18 : op(950 xfy then). 19 : op(925 xfy and). 20 %% If All people come to X s party thne X is happy. 21 rule(if all_come_the_party(x) then happy(x) ). 22 qtext(good(x,wed_class) [ Is,X, \ s Wednesday class good? ] ). 23 %% If X is happy this problem would be succeed. 24 atext(happy(x),[ Everyone comes to the party and,x, is happy!! ]). 25 % 26 prove(goal) : 27 bchain(goal),! % bchain to check if true. 28 atext(goal Text) % get hold of appropriate text. 29 write_list(text) % write out the recommendation 30 % 31 prove(_) : 32 write_list([ The goal does not seem to be true. ]). 33 % 34 yesno(text) : 35 write_list(text), 36 write_list([ (y/n) ]), 37 get(x), 38 X =:= URL URL L A TEX \verb Donald Arseneau url \verb % # URL \url \path \ \newcommand{\ }{\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\url} \urlstyle 185

202 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \newcommand\ {\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\url} \newcommand\directory{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\url} \url{ \ {[email protected]} \directory{/usr/local/bin/} [email protected] /usr/local/bin/ 9.20 L A TEX HTML Sebastian Rahtz hyperref [87] \special HyperTEX L A TEX HTML 2 URL HTML # \hypertarget{ name }{ } \hypertarget name \href \href{ URL }{ } \href URL URL \href{ } URL \hyperimage{ URL } \hyperimage URL 9.19 url \url hyperref \url hyperef keyval = \usepackage hyperref 186

203 L A TEX 2ε 9.20 \usepackage[pdfpagemode=fullscreen,colorlinks=true,dvipdfm]{hyperref} PDF DVI dvipdfm hyperref breaklinks=false breaklinks=true true false dvips ps2pdf latex2html tex4ht pdftex dvipdfm a4paper a5paper b5paper 9 breaklinks colorlinks PDF bookmarks PDF bookmarksopen PDF dvipdfm dvipdfm Dvipdfmx -E boookmarksopenlevel= PDF L A TEX 3.2 bookmarksnumbered PDF bookmarkstype= PDF PDF file.foo foo PDF \texorpdfstring \texorpdfstring{ L A TEX }{ PDF } 187

204 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \section{ \hoge } \section{ \textorpdfstring{\hoge}{hoge} } dvipdfm Dvipdfmx dvipdfmx dvipdfm \usepackage[dvipdfm,bookmarks=true,% bookmarksnumbered=true,bookmarkstype=toc]{hyperref} file.toc PDF PDF PDF \AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:tounicode 90ms-RKSJ-UCS2}} %\AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:tounicode EUC-UCS2}}%NTT jlatex \AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:tounicode 90ms-RKSJ-UCS2}} \usepackage[dvipdfm,bookmarks=true,% bookmarkstype=toc,bookmarksnumbered=false,% bookmarksopen=true,colorlinks=true,% linkcolor=blue,citecolor=blue,filecolor=blue,% menucolor=magenta,pagecolor=blue,urlcolor=blue,% backref=page]{hyperref} PDF hyperref %\AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:tounicode 90ms-RKSJ-UCS2}} \special{pdf:docinfo << /Author ( ) /Title ( ) /Subject ( ) /Creator ( PDF ) /Keywords ( ) >>} Dvipdfmx PDF pdfinfo PDF %\AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:tounicode 90ms-RKSJ-UCS2}} \usepackage[dvipdfm,pdftitle={ },% pdfsubject={ },pdfauthor={ },% pdfkeywords={ }]{hyperref} 188

205 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX YaTeX GNU Emacs YaTeX YaTeX YaTeX \includeonly L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX / \begin \end \ref \label \cite \bibitem / / / tabular/array L A TEX 9 2 L A TEX GNU Emacs AUCTEX GNU Emacs BIBTEX 189

206 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε WinShell Ingo H. de Boer WinShell Windows L A TEX WinShell WinShell 2.5 OS Make L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX Make Make Unix OS Unix OS OS GNU Linux Windows Cygwin Windows UNIX make make: *** No targets specified and no makefile found. Stop. Make all: : 190

207 L A TEX 2ε 9.21 Make = MENDEX=mendex -d jisyo.dic -g TEX =platex DVIPS =dvipsk -Pdl -t a4 DVIPDFM=dvipdfmx -f dlbase14.map -p a4 -V 4 -z 5 L A TEX \include L A TEX DVI file.dvi file.tex L A TEX file.aux L A TEX file.aux file.aux 9 file.dvi: file.aux file.aux: file.tex platex file FILE=hoge TEX=platex all: $(FILE).dvi $(FILE).dvi: $(FILE).aux platex $(FILE) $(FILE).aux: $(FILE).tex platex $(FILE) $ file.dvi file.log Makefile Makefile # # FILE=hoge TEX=platex REFGREP=grep "^LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed." all: $(FILE).dvi $(FILE).dvi: $(FILE).aux (while $(REFGREP)$ $(FILE).log; \ 191

208 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε do $(TEX) $(FILE); done) $(FILE).aux: $(FILE).tex $(TEX) $(FILE) Make Makefile Makefile file.tex make file.dvi 1 file.aux file.log file.toc clean: rm -f $(FILE).aux $(FILE).log $(FILE).toc $(FILE).tex~ Emacs file.tex 2 Makefile file1.tex file2.tex file3.tex file4.tex SRC=file1.tex file2.tex file3.tex file4.tex file.aux SRC=file1.tex file2.tex file3.tex file4.tex $(FILE).aux: $(FILE).tex $(SRC) $(TEX) $(FILE) REF=biblio1.bib biblio2.bib biblio3.bib $(FILE).aux: $(FILE).tex $(SRC) $(REF) $(TEX) $(FILE) DVI file.dvi PDF file.pdf PostScript file.ps file.dvi file.pdf file.ps file.dvi pdfl A TEX file.tex file.pdf file.pdf file.tex file.ps file.pdf TEX =platex DVIPS =dvipsk -Pdl -t a4 -o $(FILE).ps DVIPDFM=dvipdfmx -f dlbase14.map -p a4 -V 4 -z 5 -o $(FILE).pdf all: $(FILE).pdf 192

209 L A TEX 2ε 9.21 $(FILE).pdf: $(FILE).dvi $(DVIPDFM) $(FILE) $(FILE).ps: $(FILE).dvi $(DVIPS) $(FILE) TAR gzip $(FILE)src/ OTHERS #SRC=file1.tex file2.tex file3.tex file4.tex #OTHERS=mymacro.sty #REF=biblio1.bib biblio2.bib biblio3.bib #FILE=main tar: $(FILE).tex $(SRC) $(OTHERS) $(REF) Makefile mkdir -p $(FILE)src/ cp $(FILE).tex $(SRC) $(OHTERS) $(REF) Makefile $(FILE)src/ tar czf $(FILE)src.tgz $(FILE)src/ rm -fr $(FILE)src 9 $(file)src tar $(file)src.tgz $(file)src.tgz Makefile Makefile.gz # Title: Makefile # Date: 2004/03/28 # Name: Thor Watanabe # Mail: [email protected] # FILE =sample # SRC =#chap1.tex chap2.tex,..., chap<n>.tex # OHTERS =#funthesis.cls mymacro.sty # IMG =#hoge.eps capture1.jpg #. REF =biblio.bib # TeX TEX=platex # Red Hat #DVIPS =pdvips -Ppdf #XDVI =pxdvi 193

210 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε # GNU Linux #DVIPS =dvips -Ppdf #XDVI =xdvik # Windows DVIPS =dvipsk -Pdl -t a4 XDVI =dviout # dvipdfmx DVIPDF =dvipdfmx -p a4 -f dlbase14.map -o $(FILE).pdf # REFGREP=grep "^LaTeX Warning: Label(s) may have changed." # PRINTER=//server/printername # all: $(FILE).ps $(FILE).pdf printps: $(FILE).ps lpr -P$(PRINTER) $(FILE).ps printpdf: $(PSFILE) lpr -P$(PRINTER) $(FILE).ps $(FILE).pdf: $(FILE).dvi $(DVIPDF) $(FILE) $(FILE).ps: $(FILE).dvi $(DVIPS) -o $(FILE).ps $(FILE) $(FILE).dvi: $(FILE).aux $(FILE).bbl (while $(REFGREP) $(FILE).log; do $(TEX) $(FILE); done) $(FILE).bbl: $(REFFILE) $(BIBTEX) $(FILE) $(FILE).aux: $(FILE).tex $(TEX) $(FILE) clean: rm -f $(FILE).aux $(FILE).log $(FILE).toc $(FILE).dvi rm -f $(FILE).pdf $(FILE).tex~ $(FILE).lof $(FILE).lot tar: mkdir -p $(FILE) cp $(SRC) $(OHTERS) $(REF) $(IMG) $(FILE).tex Makefile $(FILE)/ tar czf $(FILE)src.tgz $(FILE)/ rm -fr $(FILE)/ FILE=report #SRC=file1.eps file2.eps XDVI=xdvi TEX=platex all: $(FILE).dvi $(FILE).dvi: $(FILE).tex platex $(FILE) && platex $(FILE) && platx $(FILE) $(FILE).pdf: $(FILE).dvi 194

211 L A TEX 2ε 9.21 dvipdfm -p a4 -o $(FILE).pdf $(FILE) clean: rm $(FILE).aux $(FILE).log $(FILE).tex~ view: $(FILE).dvi $(XDVI) $(FILE) & tar: mkdir -p $(FILE)src/ cp $(FILE).tex Makefile $(SRC) $(FILE)src/ tar czf $(FILE)src.tgz $(FILE)src/ rm -fr $(FILE)src/ make view report.tex hoge.dvi make tar reportsrc.tgz 9 SRC=file1.eps file2.eps SRC platex report.tex dvipdfm reprot.dvi latexmk Make John Collins latexmk Perl Perl latexmk latexmk.pl $latex = latex ; $latex = platex ; $bibtex = bibtex ; $bibtex = jbibtex ; $makeindex = makeindex ; $makeindex = mendex ; $dvips = dvips ; $dvips = dvipsk ; latexmk file.tex DVI BIBTEX MakeIndex 195

212 9 L A TEX L A TEX 2ε \bibliography{biblio.bib} \include{file1.tex} \bibliography{biblio} \include{file1} CVS Unix OS Windows Brian Berliner david d zuhn Jim Kingdon Jeff Polk CVS GNU Emacs VC CVS 196

213 10 funthesis.cls \columnwidth jsarticle jsarticle article jarticle 1 abstract abstract \twocolumn \onecolabstract \twocolumn[{\maketitle \begin{onecolabstract} \end{onecolabstract}}] jsarticle \documentclass[twocolumn]{jsarticle} \columnseprule 0.5pt% 197

214 10 L A TEX 2ε \usepackage{epic,eepic,amssymb,amsmath,graphicx,url} \title{2 } \author{{\small }\\ m \\ } \date{\today} % \today % \begin{document} \begin{abstract} \LaTeX{} Word, Word \LaTeX{} 2003 Word \end{abstract} \maketitle% \section{ } \section{ } \section{ } \ref{2bansenji} \yo{ } \begin{table}[htbp] \begin{center} \caption{ }\label{2bansenji} \begin{tabular}{ l r r } \hline & ( )& (\%) \\\hline Word & 75 & 45.2 \\ \LaTeX{} & 26 & 15.6 \\ HTML & 54 & 32.5 \\ Illustrator & 4 & 2.4 \\ OpenOffice & 1 & 0.6 \\ & 6 & 3.0 \\\hline & 166 & 100 \\\hline \end{tabular} \end{center} \end{table} 198

215 L A TEX 2ε 10.1 \section{ } HTML Word Word \LaTeX{} $f(x)$ $f(x)$ $[-L,L]$ \begin{eqnarray*} f(x)& = & \frac{a_0}{2} + \sum^{\infty}_{n=1} \left( a_n \cos \frac{n\pi x}{l} + b_n \sin \frac{n\pi x}{l} \right) \\ a_n & = & \frac{1}{l} \int^{l}_{-l} f(u) \cos \frac{n\pi u}{l} du\\ b_n & = & \frac{1}{l} \int^{l}_{-l} f(u) \sin \frac{n\pi u}{l} du \end{eqnarray*} (\ref{eq:fourier1}) \begin{eqnarray} f(x) & = & \frac{1}{2l} \int^{l}_{-l} f(u) du \nonumber\\ & + & \sum^{\infty}_{n=1} \left[ \frac{1}{l} \int^{l}_{-l} f(u) \cos \frac{n\pi x}{l} du \cdot \cos \frac{n\pi x}{l} \right. \nonumber \\ & + & \left. \frac{1}{l} \int^{l}_{-l} f(u) \sin \frac{n\pi u }{L}du \cdot \sin \frac{n\pi x}{l} \right] \label{eq:fourier1} \end{eqnarray} (\ref{eq:fourier1}) \(L\rightarrow\infty\) (\ref{eq:fourier2}) \begin{equation} F(\alpha )= \frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}} \int^{\infty}_{-\infty} f(u) e^{-t\alpha u}du \label{eq:fourier2} \end{equation} (\ref{eq:fourier2}) \section{ } Gnuplot Gnuplot Gnuplot ~\ref{fig:sample} \begin{figure}[htbp] \begin{center} %\input{abstgnu.tex} % \fbox{\rule{0pt}{3zw}\rule{3zw}{0pt}} \caption{picture }\label{fig:sample} \end{center} \end{figure} \nocite{*} \begin{thebibliography}{10}% \bibitem{latexcompanion}

216 10 L A TEX 2ε Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin. The \LaTeX., \bibitem{latexgraphics} Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and Frank Mittelbach. \LaTeX., \bibitem{bibunsyo}. [ 3 ] {\LaTeXe}., \bibitem{platex2e},. {\em {p\latexe} for Windows Another Manual Vol.1 Basic Kit 1999}., \bibitem{linuxthesis},,. Linux., \bibitem{metafont} Donald~E. Knuth. \textsf{metafont}., \bibitem{jtexbook} Donald~E. Knuth. {\TeX}., \end{thebibliography} \end{document} 200

217 L A TEX 2ε m L A TEX Word, Word L A TEX 2003 Word ( ) (%) Word L A TEX HTML Illustrator OpenOffice HTML Word Word L A TEX f(x) f(x) [ L, L]

218 10 L A TEX 2ε f(x) = a0 2 + n=1 L a n = 1 L L b n = 1 L L L ( a n cos nπx L f(u) cos nπu L du f(u) sin nπu L du (1) + bn sin nπx ) L f(x) = 1 L f(u)du 2L L [ 1 L + f(u) cos nπx nπx du cos L n=1 L L L + 1 ] L f(u) sin nπu nπx du sin (1) L L L L [2] Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and Frank Mittelbach. L A TEX., [3]. [ 3 ] L A TEX 2ε., [4],. pl A TEX 2ε for Windows Another Manual Vol.1 Basic Kit 1999., [5],,. Linux., [6] Donald E. Knuth. METAFONT., [7] Donald E. Knuth. TEX., (1) L (2) F (α) = 1 f(u)e tαu du (2) 2π (2) 5 Gnuplot Gnuplot Gnuplot 1 1 picture [1] Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin. The L A TEX., jreport jsbook jsbook \documentclass[openany,oneside,11pt]{jsbook} 202

219 L A TEX 2ε 10.2 jreport jsbook \chapter \section \subsection \subsubsection jsarticle abstract \chapter*{ }\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ } funthesis funthesis 10 %\documentclass[english]{funthesis}% \documentclass{funthesis} \usepackage[dvipdfm]{graphicx}%dvips dvips % % \\ \jtitle{ {\LaTeX} } % \etitle{title in English} % ( ) \jauthor{ } % ( ) \eauthor{taro MIRAI} % \affiliciation{ } % \studentnumber{ } % \advisor{ } % % %\coadvisor{ } % \date{2004/01/31} % 203

220 10 L A TEX 2ε \begin{document} % \maketitle % \begin{eabstract} Abstract in English. (about 500 words) \fake{you should write your English abstract in one page. } % \begin{ekeyword} Keyrods1, Keyword2, Keyword3, Keyword4, Keyword5 \end{ekeyword} \end{eabstract} % (2000 ) \begin{jabstract} ( 200 \fake{ } % \begin{jkeyword} 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 \end{jkeyword} \end{jabstract} % \tableofcontents % \listoffigures % \listoftables \chapter{ } % (chapter) \section{ } % (section) \chapter{ } \section{ } \chapter{ } % ( ) \begin{appendix} \chapter{ } % 1( ) \section{ } % 2( ) \chapter{ } \section{ } \texttt{hoge.cpp} \begin{verbatim} int main( void ){ return 0; } \end{verbatim} 204

221 L A TEX 2ε 10.2 \fake[40]{{\thehoge} \par} % \end{appendix} \chapter*{ } % \begin{thebibliography}{9} \bibitem{ }..,. \bibitem{mt1999}.., \end{thebibliography} \end{document} Times jsbook jreport jsbook 10 jsbook jsbook mygs.sty %% File: mygs.sty %% Copying : Your Name %% [email protected] %% Date : 2004/02/20 \ProvidesPackage{mygs}[2004/03/31 First Family] Times \RequirePackage{txfonts} 1 \Requirepacakge \textwidth 40 40zw \setlength\textwidth{40zw} \setlength\fullwidth{\textwidth}%jsbook 40 \textheight 40 40\baselineskip 205

222 10 L A TEX 2ε \setlength\textheight{40\baselineskip} \setlength\hoffset{13\p@} \setlength\voffset{0\p@} \setlength\evensidemargin{0\p@} \setlength\oddsidemargin{\evensidemargin} \setlength\topmargin{0\p@} \setlength\headheight{0\p@} \setlength\headsep{0\p@} \setlength\marginparwidth{0\p@} \setlength\marginparpush{0\p@} \setlength\marginparsep{0\p@} \p@ pt 0pt jsbook \pagestyle{plainfoot} jreport plain 13 \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo \let\@oddhead\@empty \let\@evenhead\@empty \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\hfil-- \thepage\ --\hfil}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot \setlength\footskip{2\baselineskip}% \normalfont \bfseries Times Bold jsbook \renewcommand{\headfont}{\gtfamily\rmfamily\bfseries} jsbook jreport tocdepth \setcounter{tocdepth}{2} \subsection jreport 206

223 L A TEX 2ε 10.2 \RequirePackage{indentfirst} indentfirst mygs.sty %% File: mygs.sty %% Copying : Thor Watanabe %% m @fun.ac.jp %% Date : 2004/02/20 \ProvidesPackage{mygs}[2004/02/20 First Family] \RequirePackage{txfonts}% Times %\RequirePackage{indentfirst}% jreport \setlength\textwidth{40zw}%1 40 \setlength\fullwidth{\textwidth}%jsbook \setlength\textheight{40\baselineskip}%1 40 \setlength\hoffset{13\p@}%\p@ 0pt \setlength\voffset{0\p@} \setlength\evensidemargin{0\p@} \setlength\oddsidemargin{\evensidemargin} \setlength\topmargin{0\p@} \setlength\headheight{0\p@} \setlength\headsep{0\p@} \setlength\marginparwidth{0\p@} \setlength\marginparpush{0\p@} \setlength\marginparsep{0\p@} \setlength\footskip{2\baselineskip}% \def\ps@foot{% \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo \let\@oddhead\@empty \let\@evenhead\@empty \def\@oddfoot{\normalfont\hfil-- \thepage\ --\hfil}% \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot } \pagestyle{plainfoot}%jsbook %\pagestyle{plain}%jreport \renewcommand{\headfont}{\normalfont\bfseries} \setcounter{tocdepth}{2} 10 A4 11 pt \documentclass[a4j,11pt,openany,oneside]{jsbook} mygs.sty \usepackage{mygs} 207

224 10 L A TEX 2ε 1 \maketitle \titlepage \maketitle \renewcommand{\maketitle}{% \begin{titlepage} \let\footnotesize\small \let\footnoterule\relax \let\footnote\thanks \null\vskip2em% \begin{center}\thispagestyle{empty}% {\LARGE\headfont }\par\vskip1.5em {\Large\normalfont }\par\vskip2em {\small \qquad }\par\vskip1em {\small \qquad }\par\vskip2em { 2004/02/30}\par\vskip1em {\Large\headfont English Title}\par\vskip1em {\large\rmfamily Your Name}\par\vskip1em \end{center}% \vfill\null \end{titlepage}} \vskip 208

225 A A A.1 L A TEX L A TEX Unix OS Unix OS Unix OS L A TEX Windows Cgywin GNU Linux Unix [1],,. Cygwin+CygwinJE-Windows UNIX Cygwin is a UNIX environment for Windows., Cygwin [2]. Linux Vine Linux 2.6 & OpenOffice.org., GNU Linux Vine Linux OpenOffice.org [3] Jerry Peek, Grace Todino, and John Strang. Unix 5., Unix Unix OS [4] Cameron Newham and Bill Rosenblatt. bash 2., QUIPU LLC. bash [5] Paul DuBois. csh & tcsh., 2002.,. bash csh [6] Andrew Oram and Steve Talbott. make.,

226 A L A TEX 2ε make [7] Jennifer Vesperman. CVS., 2003.,. CVS [8] Karl Fogel. CVS., CVS GNU Emacs Windows Meadow OS Mac [9] Debra Cameron, Bill Rosenblatt, and Eric Raymond. GNU Emacs 2., GNU Emacs GNU Emacs 100 [10]. Meadow/Emacs., GNU Emacs Windows Mule Meadow Emacs Emacs Meadow [11] Jeffrey E. F. Friedl. 2., [12] Dale Dougherty and Arnold Robbins. sed & awk., Unix OS The Art Of Awk Programming [13] Randal L. Schwartz and Tom Phoenix. Perl 3., Perl Perl [14, 15] 2 Perl CGI [14] Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant. Perl 3 VOLUME 1.,

227 L A TEX 2ε A.1 L A TEX Perl 1 [15] Larry Wall, Tom Christiansen, and Jon Orwant. Perl 3 VOLUME 2., Perl 2 [16]. Ruby.,. Ruby Perl [17],. Ruby., ruby [18] Ken Lunde. CJKV., CJKV A [19] Chuck Musciano and Bill Kennedy. HTML & XHTML 5., HTML HTML [20] Tara Calishain and Rael Dornfest. Google Hacks & 100., 2003.,. Google Adobe PostScript PDF [21] Adobe Systems. PDF 2 Adobe Portable Document Format Version 1.3., PDF Acrobat PDF [22]. PostScript 3 ASCII., Adobe PostScript [23]. PostScript., Adobe PostScript *1 *1 MATLAB Octave 211

228 A L A TEX 2ε [24]. gnuplot., Gnuplot [25],. GIMP/GNUPLOT/Tgif UNIX., GIMP Gnuplot Tgif [26],. GIMP., GIMP A.2 L A TEX L A TEX A [27]. [ 3 ] L A TEX 2ε., [28] Leslie Lamport. L A TEX 2ε., L A TEX L A TEX manual L A TEX [29] Michel Goossens, Frank Mittelbach, and Alexander Samarin. The L A TEX., L A TEX manual [28] L A TEX 2ε [30] Michel Goossens, Sebastian Rahtz, and Frank Mittelbach. L A TEX TEX PostScript., The L A TEX [29] PostScript [31] Michel Goossens and Sebastian Rahtz. L A TEX Web TEX HTM- L/XML., PDF HTML XML TEX 212

229 L A TEX 2ε A.2 L A TEX [32],,. Linux., Linux L A TEX Gnuplot Tgif [33]. L A TEX 2ε., L A TEX 2ε 1 [34]. L A TEX 2ε., A A [35],. pl A TEX 2ε for Windows Another Manual Vol.1 Basic Kit 1999., pl A TEX 2ε [36]. pl A TEX 2ε for Windows Another Manual Vol.2 Extended Kit., Gnuplot AMS-L A TEX [37]. Ghostscript Another Manual., Ghostscript [38]. L A TEX 2ε 2., L A TEX 2ε XΥMTEX [39]. pl A TEX 2ε., [40]. L A TEX 2ε., TEX A.2.3 AMS- L A TEX [41]. L A TEX 2ε.,

230 A L A TEX 2ε AMS-L A TEX 1 [42] George Gratzer. Math into L A TEX. Springer, CTAN/info/mil/ A.2.4 XΥMTEX [43]. XΥMTEX: typesetting chemical structural formulas., [44]. L A TEX., A.2.5 L A TEX book.cls [45]. L A TEX 2ε &., & [46]. L A TEX 2ε &., A.2.6 TEX L A TEX TEX Donald Knuth plain TEX [47] Donald Knuth. TEX.,

231 L A TEX 2ε A.2 L A TEX TEX 1 [48]. METAFONT., TEX 1 A A.2.7 [49].., [50].., [51].., [52].., [53].., [54] Robert Ritter. The Oxford Style Manual. Oxford University Press, [55] University of Chicago Press Staff. The Chicago Manual of Style 15th edition. Chicago University Press, A [56]. L A TEX.,

232 A L A TEX 2ε [57]. L A TEX., A.2.9 [58] Tobias Oetiker Hubert partl, Irene Hyna and Elisabeth Schlegl. The Not So Short Introduction to L A TEX 2ε Or L A TEX 2ε in 129 minutes. CTAN/info/lshort/english/ lshort L A TEX L A TEX [59] Tobias Oetiker. L A TEX 2ε 83 L A TEX 2ε.. CTAN/info/lshort/japanese/ lshort jlshort [60],. L A TEX L A TEX209 A.3 World Wide Web Google Google URL CTAN CTAN/ CTAN Comprehensive TEX Arhcive Network TEX CTAN 216

233 L A TEX 2ε A.3 A.3.1 L A TEX A L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX [61] Johannes Braams, David Carlisle, Alan Jeffrey, Leslie Lamport, Frank Mittelbach, Chris Rowley, and Rainer Schöpf.L A TEX 2ε Sources, $texmf/tex/latex/base/souce2e.tex L A TEX 2ε [62] David Carlisle. The enumerate package, enumerate.dtx. L A TEX tools [63]. The longtable package, longtable.dtx. L A TEX tools [64]. The ifthen package, ifthen.dtx. L A TEX tools [65] Kent McPherson. Displaying page layout variables, layout.dtx. [66] Frank Mittelbach. Producing slides with L A TEX 2ε, slides.dtx. slides [67]. An environment for multicolumn output, multicol.dtx. multicol [68]. An Extension of the L A TEX theorem environment, theorem.dtx. L A TEX theorem theorem AMS-L A TEX [69] Frank Mittelbach, Denys Duchier, Johannes Braams, Marcin Wolinski, and Mark Wooding. The docstrip program, docstrip.dtx. DocStrip [70] Rainer Schöpf, Bernd Raichle and Chris Rowley. A New Implementation of L A TEX s verbatim and verbatim* Environments,

234 A L A TEX 2ε verbatim.dtx. verbatim [71] L A TEX3 Project Team. L A TEX 2ε font selection, fntguide.tex. L A TEX NFSS L A TEX [72]. L A TEX 2ε for authors, usrguide.tex. L A TEX L A TEX [73]. L A TEX 2ε for class and package writers, clsguide.tex [74] Kresten Thorup, Frank Jensen, and Chris Rowley. The calc package, calc.dtx. L A TEX [75] Vlandimir Volovich, Werner Lemberg and L A TEX3 Project Team. Cyrillic languages support in L A TEX, cyrguide.tex. A.3.2 L A TEX [76] Mark Wicks. Dvipdfm User s Manual, Dvipdfm [77] Cho Jin Hwan. DVIPDFMx, an extension of DVIPDFM, Dvipdfm Dvipdfmx [78] Oren Patashnik. BIBTEXing: BIBTEX, JBIBTEX. [79]. BIBTEX: JBIBTEX, JBIBTEX. [80] Scott Pakin. How to Package Your L A TEX Package, L A TEX. [81] Philipp Lehman. The Font Installation Guide, CTAN/info/Type1fonts/. L A TEX PostScript [82] Karl Berry. Fontname,

235 L A TEX 2ε A.3 CTAN/info/fontname/. L A TEX [83] TEX Users Group. A Directory Structure for TEX Files, CTAN/tds/. TEX A A.3.3 [84] Various Artists. The Lgrind Package, CTAN/support/lgrind/ Lgrind [85]. jlgrind grind nice program listings using L A TEX, Lgrind 1997 [86] Carsten Heinz. The Listings Package, listings [87] Sebastian Rahtz. Hypertext marks in L A TEX the hyperref package, L A TEX hyperref [88] Keith Reckdahl. Using Imported Graphics in L A TEX 2ε, CTAN/info/epslatex.pdf graphics graphicx [89] Timothy Zandt. PSTricks: PostScript macros for Generic TEX, PostScript PSTricks [90] Piet Oostrum. Page layout in L A TEX. CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/supported/fancyhdr/ fancyhdr [91] American Mathematical Society. User s Guide for amsmath Package. AMS-L A TEX amsmath [92] Michael Downes. Short Math Guide for L A TEX

236 A L A TEX 2ε Michael Downes AMS-L A TEX A.4 L A TEX [A] CTAN: the Comprehensive TEX Archive Network TEX RING [B] TEX [C] The Publishing TEX TEX TEX [D] W32TEX Windows ptex. [E] dviout/dviprt Windows DVI [F] MacpTEX Macintosh MacpTEX [G] pl A TEX for Windows L A TEX [H] DTP DTP TEX [I] 220

237 L A TEX 2ε A.4 XΥMTEX [J] [K] yama-ga.com Gnuplot [L] YaTeX GNU Emacs Lisp. L A TEX. [M] Excel2LaTeX Excel L A TEX. [N] TEX DTP [O] emath emath [P] L A TEX L A TEX [Q] SMALL L A TEX LAB [45, 46] [R] L A TEX 2ε utf/otf [S] [T] Home Page A 221

238 A L A TEX 2ε latex2html Gnuplot [U] Ghostscript GSview pl A TEX 2ε [V] L A TEX [W] L A TEX L A TEX 222

239 B B GNU Free Documentation License Version 1.2, November 2002 Copyright 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others. This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software. We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law. A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language. A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document s overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them. 223

240 B GNU Free Documentation License L A TEX 2ε The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none. The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words. A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only. The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work s title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text. A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements", "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title" of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition. The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License. 2. VERBATIM COPYING You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section

241 L A TEX 2ε You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies. 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document s license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects. If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages. If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public. It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. 4. MODIFICATIONS You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission. B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement. C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher. D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices. F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form B 225

242 B GNU Free Documentation License L A TEX 2ε 226 shown in the Addendum below. G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document s license notice. H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence. J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein. L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version. N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers. If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version s license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard. You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version. 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers. The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections

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244 B GNU Free Documentation License L A TEX 2ε 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page: Copyright YEAR YOUR NAME. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the "with...texts." line with this: with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation. If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software. 228

245 / \ , 103, 171 \! , 171 \" (ü) \# # \$ $ , 10, 87, 99 \% % , 34, 87 \& & , 87 array eqnarray* tabular \ (é) \( \) \, , 171 \ \. (ȧ) \/ \: , 171 \; , 171 \= (ā) \@ \[ \ , 80, 87 \] \^ (ô) ^ , 87, 104 \_ _ , 87, 104 \ (à) \{ , 107 { , 87 \} , 107 } , 87 \ \~ (ñ) ~ , 40, 87, 171 A \AA (Å) \aa (å) abstract \acute (á) \addcontentsline \addtocontents \addtocounter \addtolength \addvspace \AE (Æ) \ae (æ) \afterpage \aleph (ℵ) \allinethickness \Alph \alph \alpha (α) \amalg ( ) \and \angle ( ) \appendix \appendixname appendix \approx ( ) \arabic \arc \arccos (arccos) \arcsin (arcsin) \arctan (arctan) \arg (arg) array , 108, 126 \Arrowvert ( ) \arrowvert ( ) \ast ( ) \asymp ( ) \AtBeginDvi \atop \author B \b (ā) \backslash (\) , 116 \bar (ā) \baselineskip \baselinestretch Bcenter Bdescription \begin Benumerate Beqnarray \beta (β) Bflushleft Bflushright \bfseries , 206 \bibitem , 54 \bibliography , 59 \bibliographystyle , 59 \bibname \Big \big \bigcap ( ) \bigcirc ( ) \bigcup ( ) \bigl \bigm \bigodot ( ) \bigoplus ( ) \bigotimes ( ) \bigr \bigskip \bigsqcup ( ) \bigtriangledown ( ) \bigtriangleup ( ) \biguplus ( ) \bigvee ( ) \bigwedge ( ) Bitemize \bm \bmod \boldmath \boldsymbol \bordermatrix \bot ( ) \bowtie ( ) \Box ( ) \brace \bracevert ( ) \brack \breve (ă) \bullet ( ) C \c ( o) \cap ( ) \caption , 126 \cases cases \cbezier \cdot ( ) \cdots ( ) \centering center \cfoot \chapter , 24, 52, 96, 203 \chapter* , 160 \chaptermark \chead \check (ǎ) \chi (χ) \choose \circ ( ) \circle* , 145 \cite , 54,

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248 L A TEX 2ε \platexe \pm (±) \pmatrix pmatrix \pmod \postchaptername \postpartname \postsectionname \pounds ( ) \Pr (Pr) \prec ( ) \preceq ( ) \prechaptername \prepartname \presectionname \prime ( ) \prod ( ) \propto ( ) \protect \providecommand \Psi (Ψ) \psi (ψ) \ptex \put \putfile Q \qbezier , 145, 146 \qquad , 171 \quad , 171 quotation \quotedblbase ( ) \quotesinglbase ( ) quote , 35 R \r ( o) \raggedleft \raggedright \raisebox \rangle ( ) \rbrace (}) \rceil ( ) \Re (R) \ref , 92 \reflectbox \refname \refstepcounter \renewcommand \renewenvironment \resizebox \rfloor ( ) \rfoot \rgroup ( ) \rhd ( ) \rhead \rho (ρ) \right , 107 \Rightarrow ( ) \rightarrow ( ) \rightarrowfill \rightharpoondown ( ) \rightharpoonup ( ) \rightleftharpoons ( ) \rmfamily \rmoustache ( { ) \Roman \roman \rotatebox \rule S \S ( ) \samepage \savebox \sb \Sbox \sbox Sbox \scalebox \scriptscriptstyle \scriptsize , 45 \scriptstyle \scshape \searrow ( ) \sec (sec) \section , 24, 52, 96, 203 \sectionmark \setbox \setcounter \setlength \setminus (\) \settodepth \settoheigth \settowidth \sffamily \shadowbox \sharp ( ) \Sigma (Σ) \sigma (σ) \sim ( ) \simeq ( ) \sin (sin) \sinh (sinh) \slshape \small , 45 \smallskip \smash \smile ( ) \sp \spadesuit ( ) \spline \sqcap ( ) \sqcup ( ) \sqrt \sqsubset ( ) \sqsubseteq ( ) \sqsupset ( ) \sqsupseteq ( ) \SS (SS) \ss (ß) \stackrel \star ( ) \stepcounter \stretch \subparagraph , 24 \subsection , 24, 203 \subset ( ) \subseteq ( ) \substack \subsubsection , 24, 203 \succ ( ) \succeq ( ) \sum ( ) \sup (sup) \supset ( ) \supseteq ( ) \surd ( ) \swarrow ( ) \syntaxonly T \t ( oo) tabbing \table table* \tablename \tableofcontents , 159 table tabular* tabular , 125, 126 \tan (tan) \tanh (tanh) \tau (τ) \TeX \texorpdfstring \text \textacutedbl ( ) \textasciiacute ( ) \textasciibreve ( ) \textasciicaron (ˇ) \textasciicircum (^) \textasciidieresis ( ) \textasciigrave (`) \textasciimacron ( ) \textasciitilde (~) \textasteriskcentered ( * ) \textbackslash (\) \textbaht ( ) \textbar ( ) \textbardbl ( ) \textbf \textbigcircle ( ) \textblank ( ) \textborn ( ) \textbrokenbar ( ) \textbullet ( ) \textcelsius ( C) \textcent ( ) \textcentoldstyle ( ) \textcircledp (P) \textcolonmonetary ( ) \textcolor \textcopyleft ( ) \textcopyright ( ) \textcurrency ( ) \textdagger ( ) \textdaggerdbl ( ) \textdblhyphen ( ) \textdblhyphenchar ( ) \textdegree ( ) \textdied ( ) \textdiscount ( ) \textdiv ( ) \textdivorced ( )

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250 L A TEX 2ε Benumerate Beqnarray Bflushleft Bflushright Bitemize cases center comment dashjoin description displaymath document dottedjoin drawjoin enumerate , 52 eqnarray , 102 eqnarray* equation figure figure* filecontents flushleft flushright fverbatim indentation itemize list lrbox lstlisting math matrix minipage , 165 multicols picture , 141, 146 pmatrix quotation quote , 35 Sbox tabbing table table* tabular , 125, 126 tabular* thebibliography , 53, 159 theindex Verbatim verbatim , 52, 140, 170 \ \

251 / , 87 # , 87 $ , 10, 87, 99 $$ $texmf % , 34, 87 & , 87 array eqnarray* tabular ( ) * , / , 122 < > [ \ , 80, 87 ] ^ , 87, 104 _ , 87, { , 87 } , , 107 ~ , 40, 87, pt , 50 11pt pt Q pt Q pt pt pt pt , , 50, 156, pt pt pt pt A a4j , 51 a4paper , 51, 187 a4var a5j , 51 a5paper , 51, 187 a6paper abbrv abstract Acrobat Reader Adobe Reader afterpage Alan Jeffrey Alexander Samarin alpha American Mathematical Society amsbsy amsfonts AMS-LATEX amsmath.. 51, 103, 111, 120, 121, 219 amssymb , 116 AMS-TEX amsthm Angus Duggan array article , 49, 197 article.cls ascii ascmac aux ( ) B b4j , 51 b4paper , 51 b5j , 51 b5paper , 51, 187 b5var babel balance bash bbl ( ) Bernd Raichle bib ( ) BIBTEX bk10.clo bk11.clo bk12.clo blg ( ) bm , 121 book book.cls bookmarks bookmarksnumbered bookmarksopen bookmarkstype boookmarksopenlevel breaklinks Brian Berliner Brian Kernighan bst ( ) C Calc calc , 168 Calc2LaTeX Canna Carsten Heinz , 219 Chaikin chapter charset Cho Jin Hwan , 70, 218 Chris Rowley , 218 cid-x.map cite class classes classes.dtx classes.ins clo ( ) cls ( ) CMap color , 149, 176 colorlinks comment Computer Modern config.ps Conrad Kwok CTAN CV Radhakrishnan CV Rajagopal CVS D David Carlisle , 217 david d zuhn dcolumn delarray Denys Duchier DocStrip Donald Arseneau , 185 Donald Knuth , 46, 147, 148, 214 doublespace draft DTP dtx ( ) DVI , 66.dvi ( ) dviout Dvipdfm dvipdfm , 132,

252 Dvipdfmx , 149 dvips , 132, 187 dvips , 68, 149 dvipsnames E ebb eepic Eitan Gurari Elisabeth Schlegl Emacs , 192, 210 VC emath Encapsulated PostScript english enumerate enumi enumii enumiii enumiv epic , 144 EPS , 131.eps ( ) eps2eps EPS-Conv , 138 epstopdf , 139, 150 equation Excel Excel2latex Exel2tabular F fancybox fancyhdr fancyheadings fd ( ) figure fil fill final fixill.pl fleqn , 100 fn-in fontdef.dtx fontenc , 33, 159 fonts fontsmpl footnote Frank Jensen Frank Mittelbach.. i, 47, 116, 117, 162, 212, 217 Free Software Foundation viii FSF viii ftnright funthesis G geometry George Gratzer Ghostscript , 72, 139 gif GIMP GNU Emacs Ghostscript Gnuplot Google graphicx , 51, 70, gzip H Harald harders hhline ht htm HTML html HTML Hubert Gäßlein Hubert partl Hyper Link hyperref , 78, 186 HyperTEX I.idx ( ) ilg ( ) Illustrator , 141 ImageMagick , 135.ind ( ) indent indentfirst , 52, 207 info Ingo H. de Boer ins ( ) Irene Hyna ISO ist ( ) J j-article j-book j-report jabbrv JabRef jalpha jarticle , 23, 49, 52, 197 JBIBTEX , 55 JBIBTEX Maneger jbook jclasses Jeff Polk Jim Kingdon jlisting.sty jlshort Johannes Braams John Collins John Hobby jpg jplain jplain.bst jreport , 52, 202 jsarticle , 197 jsbook , 50, 202, 205 jsclasses , 158, 171 jspf junsrt L A TEX 2ε K Karl Berry , 218 Keith Reckdahl Kent McPherson Kpathsearch , 67 kpsewhich Kresten Thorup L landscape LATEX LATEX LATEX 2ε latex2html latexmk , 195 latexsym layout , 151 leftidx leqno Leslie Lamport i, 2, 3, 217 less , 14 letterpaper listings , 181.lof ( ) log ( ) longtable lot ( ) lshort ltboxes.dtx ltplain.dtx M Make , 190, 195 make Makefile , 192 Makefile.gz MakeIndex Marcin Wolinski Mark Wicks , 218 Mark Wooding Mathematica , 137 mathpazo mathptmx MATLAB , 211 Meadow mendex METAFONT METAPOST Michael Downes , 220 Michel Goossens i, 212 mikachanall.ttc Morten Alver mpfootnote multicol , 162 N next Nizar Batada nosort nospace notitlepage

253 L A TEX 2ε O Octave okumacro , 37 onecolumn oneside , 151 openany OpenOffice.org openright Oren Patashnik , 218 P package page paragraph part PDF pdfε-latex pdffonts pdfimages pdfinfo , 188 pdflatex , 71 pdftex pdftops pdftotext pdftricks pdfwrite PDF pdvips Perl , 210, 211 Philipp Lehman photoshop PIC pic-align pic-array pic-eqnarray pic-equation pic-m pic-m pic-matrix pict2e , 146 Piet Oostrum , 219 plain plain platex png PostScript proc proc.dtx ps2pdf ps2pdf pst-all pst-col pst2pdf PSTricks psutils ptex pxdvi pxfonts , 121, 159 R Rainer Schöpf , 217 Red Hat Ref for Windows report report.cls Richard Stallman i, viii Robert Ritter Rolf Niepraschk Ruby S Scott Pakin Sebastian Rahtz i, 186, 212 secnumdepth section section showkeys size10.clo size11.clo size12.clo slides slides.dtx space sty ( ) subparagraph subsection subsubsection Sunil Podar , 144 syntonly T T t4ht table tabularx tarticle tbook TEX tex ( ) TEX4ht tex4ht tex4ht Texinfo texmf.cnf textcomp , 33, 159 Tgif , 212 theorem , 117 Tim Berners-Lee Tim Morgan Timothy Zandt , 167, 219 titlepage Tobias Oetiker toc ( ) tocdepth Tomas Rokicki , 137 tools Tpic treport TtH twocolumn twoside , 151, 155 txfonts , 47, 121, 159 U Unicode unsrt url , 185 usenames V varioref verbatim Victor Eijkhout Vine Linux Vlandimir Volovich W Werner Lemberg WinShell World Wide Web WYSIWYG X xdvi XFree xhtml xpdf xpdfrc xr xspace Y YaTeX Young Ryu , 39, , , , , 36,

254 L A TEX 2ε , , , , , 50, 178, , pt , 50 11pt pt Q pt Q pt pt pt pt pt pt pt pt a4j , 51 a4paper , 51, 187 a4var a5j , 51 a5paper , 51, 187 a6paper b4j , 51 b4paper , 51 b5j , 51 b5paper , 51, 187 b5var bookmarks bookmarksnumbered bookmarksopen bookmarkstype boookmarksopenlevel breaklinks charset colorlinks draft dvipdfm , 132, 187 dvips , 132, 187 dvipsnames english final fleqn , 100 fn-in fonts gif htm html jpg landscape latex2html leqno letterpaper next nosort nospace notitlepage onecolumn oneside , 151 openany openright pdftex pic-align pic-array pic-eqnarray pic-equation pic-m pic-m pic-matrix png ps2pdf section space T tex4ht titlepage twocolumn twoside , 151, 155 usenames xhtml , 34, 38 array eqnarray LATEX chapter enumi enumii enumiii enumiv equation figure footnote mpfootnote page paragraph part secnumdepth section subparagraph subsection subsubsection table tocdepth , 30, , , 48.aux bbl bib blg bst clo cls dtx dvi eps fd idx ilg ind ins ist lof log lot sty tex toc , 187, , , ,

255 L A TEX 2ε abstract appendix array , 108, 126 Bcenter Bdescription Benumerate Beqnarray Bflushleft Bflushright Bitemize cases center comment dashjoin description displaymath document dottedjoin drawjoin enumerate , 52 eqnarray , 102 eqnarray* equation figure figure* filecontents flushleft flushright fverbatim indentation itemize list lrbox lstlisting math matrix minipage , 165 multicols picture , 141, 146 pmatrix quotation quote , 35 Sbox tabbing table table* tabular , 125, 126 tabular* thebibliography , 53, 159 theindex Verbatim verbatim , 52, 140, , , , 32, , 45, minipage , 181, , , , Chaikin , article , 49, 197 book classes funthesis j-article j-book j-report jarticle , 23, 49, 52, 197 jbook jclasses jreport , 52, 202 jsarticle , 197 jsbook , 50, 202, 205 jsclasses , 158, 171 jspf proc report slides tarticle tbook treport , 99, ASCII , ,

256 , Alan Jeffrey Alexander Samarin Angus Duggan Bernd Raichle Brian Berliner Brian Kernighan Carsten Heinz , 219 Cho Jin Hwan , 70, 218 Chris Rowley , 218 Conrad Kwok CV Radhakrishnan CV Rajagopal David Carlisle , 217 david d zuhn Denys Duchier Donald Arseneau , 185 Donald Knuth. 1, 46, 147, 148, 214 Eitan Gurari Elisabeth Schlegl Frank Jensen Frank Mittelbach.. i, 47, 116, 117, 162, 212, 217 George Gratzer Harald harders Hubert Gäßlein Hubert partl Ingo H. de Boer Irene Hyna Jeff Polk Jim Kingdon Johannes Braams John Collins John Hobby Karl Berry , 218 Keith Reckdahl Kent McPherson Kresten Thorup Leslie Lamport i, 2, 3, 217 Marcin Wolinski Mark Wicks , 218 Mark Wooding Michael Downes , 220 Michel Goossens i, 212 Morten Alver Nizar Batada Oren Patashnik , 218 Philipp Lehman Piet Oostrum , 219 Rainer Schöpf , 217 Richard Stallman i, viii Robert Ritter Rolf Niepraschk Scott Pakin Sebastian Rahtz i, 186, 212 Sunil Podar , 144 Tim Berners-Lee Tim Morgan Timothy Zandt , 167, 219 Tobias Oetiker Tomas Rokicki , 137 Victor Eijkhout Vlandimir Volovich Werner Lemberg Young Ryu , , , 50, 178, , , 187, , viii L A TEX 2ε , , 213, , , , ( )

257 L A TEX 2ε x , , ( ) , , i j , , 56, 88, , , 69, , abstract afterpage amsbsy amsfonts amsmath.. 51, 103, 111, 120, 121, 219 amssymb , 116 amsthm array ascmac babel balance bm , 121 calc , 168 cite color , 149, 176 comment dcolumn delarray DocStrip doublespace eepic emath enumerate epic , 144 fancybox fancyhdr fancyheadings fontenc , 33, 159 fontsmpl ftnright geometry graphicx , 51, 70, hhline hyperref , 78, 186 indent indentfirst , 52, 207 latexsym layout , 151 leftidx listings , 181 longtable mathpazo mathptmx multicol , 162 okumacro , 37 pdftricks pict2e , 146 pst-all pst-col PSTricks pxfonts , 121, 159 showkeys syntonly tabularx tex4ht textcomp , 33, 159 theorem , 117 tools txfonts , 47, 121, 159 url , 185 varioref verbatim xr xspace viii M

258 L A TEX 2ε , 210 PDF , , , , , $texmf article.cls bk10.clo bk11.clo bk12.clo book.cls cid-x.map classes.dtx classes.ins config.ps DVI EPS fontdef.dtx jlisting.sty jplain.bst ltboxes.dtx ltplain.dtx Makefile , 192 Makefile.gz mikachanall.ttc PDF , 188 proc.dtx report.cls size10.clo size11.clo size12.clo slides.dtx texmf.cnf xpdfrc Type Unicode , , 213, , Acrobat Reader Adobe Reader AMS-LATEX AMS-TEX ascii bash BIBTEX Calc Calc2LaTeX Canna CVS dviout Dvipdfm Dvipdfmx , 149 dvips , 68, 149 ebb Emacs , 192, 210 eps2eps EPS-Conv , 138 epstopdf , 139, 150 Excel Excel2latex Exel2tabular fixill.pl Ghostscript , 72, 139 GIMP Gnuplot gzip ht HyperTEX Illustrator , 141 ImageMagick , 135 info JabRef JBIBTEX , 55 JBIBTEX Maneger Kpathsearch kpsewhich LATEX latexmk , 195 less , 14 Make , 190, 195 make MakeIndex Mathematica , 137 MATLAB , 211 Meadow mendex METAFONT METAPOST Octave OpenOffice.org pdfε-latex pdffonts pdfimages pdfinfo , 188 pdflatex , 71 pdftops pdftotext pdvips Perl , 210, 211 photoshop PIC plain ps2pdf pst2pdf psutils pxdvi Ref for Windows Ruby t4ht TEX TEX4ht

259 L A TEX 2ε Texinfo Tgif , 212 Tpic TtH Vine Linux WinShell xdvi xpdf YaTeX abbrv alpha jabbrv jalpha jplain junsrt plain unsrt , , , 66, , , , secnumdepth tocdepth , , , , , , , , , ,

260 L A TEX 2ε 2004, a b c d