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No. AltenpflegerIn Summer No. a b REPORT TM Summer No. Spring Autumn No. Vol. No. a LTCI b
- March 丛 刚 们 鉴
Feasibility study on the introduction of a public nursing care system in urban China - through a comparative analysis with Germany, Japan, and South Korea - Within the discourse centred on the introduction of a new care system for the elderly in urban China, this paper explores the possibility of the appearance of a new public nursing care insurance system. The rapid ageing of China s population has shown that traditional family support is no longer adequate to cope with the problem. This paper, through a comparative analysis with the more developed situation in Germany, Japan and South Korea, further develops previous models by arguing that a new care system could possibly be based on a public nursing insurance system. First, it enumerates the characteristics of the models in Germany, Japan, and South Korea, by comparing them on the dual basis of the current state of things and the challenges of the three countries complementary division of labour among public, family, and commercial nursing care services. The reasons for this choice are as follows; 1) the introduction of a nursing insurance system in all of the three countries lies in the shift from family nursing to social nursing inspired by a raised awareness in public responsibility for the elderly; 2) all of these countries have been traditionally dependent on the support of the family in the care for the elderly; 3) the complementary role of commercial nursing insurance policies provided by non-life insurance companies and the nursing services provided by private companies; 4) all three countries have successfully tackled the challenge of human resources development in the field of welfare and nursing, establishing a new national standard of qualification. The scope of the paper is to show how the lessons learnt from such comparative analysis could potentially be applied to a new care scheme for the elderly in urban China. In particular, this paper argues about the original coexistence in China of the traditional support schemes provided by the family and the local community alongside the public nursing care system, with the insurance policies provided by non-life insurance companies, and the consequent appearance of a transitional welfare model centred on the role of the externally supported family. Finally, the paper analyses the feasibility of such a transitional model, and the implications it might have for the implementation of a future public nursing insurance system for rural areas in China. (Bi LiJie, Ph.D. Candidate, Graduate School of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University)