Structural Health Monitoring with Fiber Optic Deformation Sensor ( SOFO ) SOFO SOFO ( SOFO V ) ( SOFO Dynamic ) 2 SOFO The fiber optic deformation sensor, SOFO, has excellent characteristics such as ease of use, long gage, usable in concrete, high precision, long life and long-term stability and has therefore been applied to structural health monitoring in the area of civil engineering. This paper describes the principles of the SOFO V for static measurement and SOFO Dynamic for dynamic measurement. This paper also expresses results of applications to thermal expansion tests on steel pipes, static and dynamic loading tests in a bridge and monitoring of the axial stress at pillars in a high-rise building. Through these results, the performance of the SOFO system on the static and dynamic measurements was clarified. GPS SOFO ( 1 ) ( 7 ) SOFO Surveillance d' Ouvrages par Fibres Optiques SOFO SOFO V SOFO Dynamic 2 SOFO SOFO 2. 1SOFO V 1 SOFO V SOFO SOFO SOFO SOFO 12 12 12 1 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
1 Fig. 1 SOFO 2 2 2 SOFO 2 2 2 SOFO 2 2 2 2 Fig. 2 SOFO V 2 μm SOFO V 5 km SOFO 1 7 25 cm 20 m 0.2 0.5 1.01 SOFO V 2. 2SOFO Dynamic ( 2 ) 3 SOFO Dynamic SOFO V USB SOFO Dynamic 2 2 SOFO V Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
1 Table 1 2 Table 2 μ μ μ μ μ 3 Fig. 3 SOFO Dynamic 2 SOFO Dynamic 0.01 μm 8 7 2. 3 SOFO SOFO 1 SOFO ( 2 μm ) SOFO SOFO SOFO SOFO 1 100 SOFO 200 2007 8 3. 1 ( 6 ) 4 1 000 mm 700 mm 500 mm SOFO 10 25 SOFO V 30 5 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
4 Fig. 4 α 5 Fig. 5 α SOFO a a a 1.02 10-5 / ( 1.0 1.2 10-5 ) SOFO 3. 2 ( 4 ) SOFO 2 3. 2. 1 ( 8 ) 3 2 n n 4 P 4 i ( x ) ( i = 1, n ) 2 P 2 i ( x ) P 2 i ( x ) 2 3. 2. 2 Bernoulli 1 x = ε( ) ( 1 ) rx ( ) y r x e y SOFO l 1 6 ( 1 ) 1 l2 l1 = rm l 1y ( ) ( 2 ) r m l 1 SOFO l 2 ( 2 ) 1 1 r m x dx l 1 6 Fig. 6 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
3. 2. 3 P 2 ( x ) 2 P 2 (x) = ax 2 + bx + c ( 3 ) P 2 ( x ) 3 3 3. 2. 4P 4 i ( x ) 3. 2. 1 P 2 i ( x ) 2 P 4 i ( x ) α = 4 2 P (x) = P (x)dx+ x +b, (i 1, 2,, n) i i i i ( 4 ) ( 4 ) 2 n ( n - 1 ) ( n - 1 ) 2 2 n a i, b i P 4 i ( x ) 3. 2. 5 7 30.0 m7.8 m SOFO 3. 2. 1 3. 2. 4 2 ( 2 ) SOFO 1 r i 1 Dl = r i up Dl up Dl l d down ( 5 SOFO Dl down SOFO l SOFO L L L L L L L 7 Fig. 7 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
d SOFO SOFO G1 2 1 G1 1/4 L1/2 L3/4 L 6 2 3 3 m SOFO ( CH1 CH6 ) 2 SOFO 900 mm 3 ( x = 0 : P 4 ( 0 ) = 0x = L : P L) 20 t CH1 CH2 3/4 L CH3 CH4 1/2 LCH5 CH6 1/4 L 8 SOFO SOFO 9 11 G1 1/4 L 1/2 L3/4 L 1/4 L 3/4 L SOFO 1/2 L 5 131/4 L 1 9 SOFO 6 9 L Fig. 9L 10 L Fig. 10L 11 L Fig. 11L 8 Fig. 8 1/4 L1/2 L3/4 L 3 SOFO 4.5 m 5 m 3 m 4 5 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
3. 3 ( 5) 3. 3. 1 SOFO Dynamic 12 3. 3. 2 1 1 1 710 kg 1 640 kg 70 kg 20406080 km/h 4 10 1 880 kg 40 km/h 3. 3. 3 40 km/h 80 km/h 1314 40 km/h 15 SOFO 12 Fig. 12 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d )SOFO 13 Fig. 13 ( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d )SOFO 14 Fig. 14 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
( a ) ( c ) ( b ) ( d ) SOFO 15 Fig. 15 15 4.8 Hz 1 4.8 Hz 40 km/h 2.7 2.7 13 1314 SOFO 9 μe ( 9 10-6 ) SOFO 6 μe ( 6 10-6 ) μe ( 7 10-6 ) 2. 3 SOFO 1 10 16 40 km/h 13 SOFO 10 SOFO ( WIMWeighing in motion ) 3. 4 ( 3 )( 7 ) 3. 4. 1 33 147 m 2004 2006 8 3. 4. 2 SOFO Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) SOFO 16 Fig. 16 3. 4. 3 SOFO 2005 5 2 2 33 5 ( X4Y2X4Y5X6Y5X7Y9 X8Y6 ) 1 1 SOFO X7Y9 17 ( 3 m ) SOFO 1 m SOFO 1 3. 4. 4SOFO V SOFO 2005 5 18 17 Fig. 17 1 185 19 20 Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
( a ) 2005. 5. 18 ( b ) 2005. 7. 19 ( c ) 2005. 10. 21 ( d ) 2005. 11. 22 18 Fig. 18 ( e ) 2005. 12. 22 ( f ) 2006. 1. 30 ( g ) 2006. 5. 18 19 Fig. 19 20 Fig. 20 2 1 1 2005 10 21 2005 11 22 1 2 2005 12 22 2006 1 30 19 1 2 1 2006 8 2 3. 4. 5SOFO Dynamic 2006 3 17 15 m/s X6Y5 18 10 50 1 21 SOFO 1 μm 22 1 0.38 Hz Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
21 Fig. 21 SOFO ( 9 ) ( 12 ) 2007 8 40 SOFO SOFO 2007 2 ( 12 ) SOFO 22 Fig. 22 SOFO 2006 5 19 SOFO ( SOFO ) Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )
Vol.47 No.4 ( 2007-12 )