GIS Theory and Applications of GIS, 2018, Vol. 26, No.2, pp 地理教育における利活用を考慮した時空間情報システム 牧野隆平 * ** 山本佳世子 Spatio-Temporal Information System for Use

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GIS Theory and Applications of GIS, 2018, Vol. 26, No.2, pp.53-63 地理教育における利活用を考慮した時空間情報システム 牧野隆平 * ** 山本佳世子 Spatio-Temporal Information System for Use in Geography Education Ryuhei MAKINO, Kayoko YAMAMOTO** Abstract: This study outlines the design, development, operation and evaluation of a spatio-temporal information system, and proposes its use in geography education. Specifically, the system aims to support users in learning geography, history and culture, and efficiently obtaining various regional information in the operation target area. The system was operated around Tokyo Station for three weeks, with a total of 62 users. Based on the results of a web questionnaire survey to users, the usefulness of the system was highly rated, and the functions of social media mapping and reproduction of Edo-period Tokyo received mainly good ratings. The results of access analysis of users log data during the operation show that the system was used according to the purpose of this study. Furthermore, based on these results, methods were proposed to utilize the system as materials for geography education in high schools. Keywords: spatio-temporal information virtual reality: VR augmented reality: AR social media geography education 1. 序論 1.1. 2015 Web-GIS 3 2017 GIS 2022 GIS ESD Education for Sustainable Development GIS GIS * University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585 1-5-1 E-mail m1730096@edu.cc.uec.ac.jp ** University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585 1-5-1 E-mail k-yamamoto@is.uec.ac.jp 109 53

1.2. 1 3 2 ICT 3 Web-GIS 3 1 2006 3 2008 GIS Virtual Reality VR 2012 3 2 2009 Google Maps 2012 PC 2013 3 Fujita et al. 2016 Web-GIS Social Networking Services SNS Twitter Augmented Reality AR PC AR Zhou et al. 2016 3 Mizutani et al. 2017 Web-GIS Twitter Facebook 1 3 2 ICT 3 Web-GIS 3 VR VR AR 3 3 GIS 2. システムの設計 2.1. 1 SNS Web-GIS Web-GIS VR AR Web-GIS 3 VR AR AR 3 3.1 3.3 Web-GIS 2 110 54

1 SNS 1 2.2. 1 PC PC PC 2 3 VR 2.3. Web GIS Web Heroku Heroku Salesforce Platform as a Service PaaS Web GIS ArcGIS Online Web PHP JavaScript 2.4. 1 SNS SNS SNS 2 2 5 Instagram Twitter Flickr YouTube Webcams 3 Web-GIS Web-GIS Web-GIS 111 55

112 56 ESRI ArcGIS API for JavaScript Web-GIS 2 ArcGIS Pro Web-GIS 2 3 4 JavaScript jquery Heroku 3. システムの構築 3.1. 1 2 2 3 4 2 4 Instagram Twitter 2 GPS 5 PC 3 AR 2

Web 6 AR 3.2. 1 5 API Instagram Twitter API OAuth ID 2 2 pgadmin Heroku PostgreSQL pgadmin Graphic User Interface GUI Heroku PostgreSQL 3.3. 2 PCPC PC 2 5 3 4 3 VR 5 AR AR PC GUI IT 4. システムの運用 4.1. 3 3 1 2 3 4 113 57

時代から続く有名な名所が複数あることがあげられ る 以上の 4 点の選定理由のうち 特に 2 により 4.2.運用結果 東京駅周辺を運用対象地域とし 運用対象地域 この地区では江戸時代と現代の空間利用 土地利用 内 外の人々を対象に 本システムを 2017 年 1 月 5 日 を比較すると明確な差異が確認できるため 地理教 25 日間の 3 週間運用した 著者らの研究室のウェ 育を実施するうえで適切であると言える ブサイトやソーシャルメディアアカウントからの広 図2 ソーシャルメディアマッピング機能画面 2 次元デジタル地図 PC 画面 携帯情報端末画面の両方 図3 江戸再現機能画面 3 次元デジタル地図 PC 画面のみ 114 58

図4 現代名所再現機能画面 3 次元デジタル地図 PC 画面のみ 図5 歴史学習機能画面 PC 画面のみ 115 59

1 32 30 62 20 69 40 10 10 8 24 5. システムの評価 5.1. 5.1.1. 1 1 1 62 32 52 利用者の年代 ( 歳代 ) システムの利用者数 ( 人 ) アンケート回答者数 ( 人 ) 有効回答率 (%) 1 10 20 30 40 50 60 合計 5 (2) 43 (22) 4 (2) 6 (3) 2 (1) 2 (0) 62 (30) 3 30 1 3 1 0 32 60.0 69.8 25.0 50.0 50.0 0.0 51.6 5.1.2. 6 80 76 5 2 3 VR 2 3 5 3 116 60

5.2. 5.2.1. Google Web Google Analytics Google Analytics PHP Web ArcGIS Online HTML Google Analytics ArcGIS Online 5.2.2. 機能名 6 2 ページ別訪問者数 割合 (%) 利用方法とギャラリー機能 39 10.2 コメント投稿機能 ( 投稿総数 )24 ( 閲覧総数 )89 23.3 ソーシャルメディアマッピング機能 75 19.6 江戸再現機能 85 22.3 現代名所再現機能 47 12.3 歴史学習機能 47 12.3 合計 382 100.0 255 PC 64 36 PC PC 2 23 22 20 3 PC 5.3. 1 PC PC 64 36 35 ESRI Web App builder for ArcGIS 117 61

118 62 2 6. 結論と今後の研究課題 2 1 SNSWeb- GIS VR AR 2 3 62 5.3 GIS 2 3 GIS 2017 GIS 1 GIS GIS ESD ESD 謝辞 B GIS AR 時空間情報システムウェブサイト https://login-history.herokuapp.com/login.php

参考文献 2017 GIS 28 2006 E-journal GEO 1 12-21 2008 : 4 GIS 117 2 464-478 2012 3 74 253-254 2009 71 707-708 2012 ICT 28 142-145 2013 2013 113 Zhou J. and Yamamoto K. (2016) Development of the System to Support Tourists Excursion Behavior Using Augmented Reality. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 7(7), 197-209. Fujita J. and Yamamoto K. (2016) Development of Dynamic Real-Time Navigation System, International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 7(11), 116-130. Mizutani Y. and Yamamoto K. (2017) A Sightseeing Spot Recommendation System That takes into Account the Change in Circumstances of Users. International Journal of Geo-Information, 6(10), 303; doi:10.3390/ ijgi6100303. 2018 2 10 2018 5 4 2018 12 27 119 63