Whose gaze would find "darkness" of regional history? 2000
This paper examines the difficulty of dark tourism from findings of the field survey on industrial heritage. Such difficulty comes from an unfavorable position of the "region" where "dark tourism" takes place. For example, forced labor in coal mines during wartime is one of the dark side of modern history. The former coal mining area, that was the site of such tragedy, was rapidly industrialized by the central government, but after WW2, drastically declined by energy policy change. After that, the former coal mining area was barely maintained with government subsidies, but in the 2000s, they were cut down under neoliberal policies. As a result, the municipalities in the former coal mining area were forced to choose whether to bankrupt like Yubari city or merge with a large nearby municipality. In this way, the former coal mining area had been subordinate to the national policy, and was actually deprived of self-direction. Those who living in such area faced the rapid decline of the local community caused by the closing of the coal mine had lost their toughness to face the "darkness" of forced labor expected by tourists from outside. Although dark tourism can play a certain role for understanding the dark side of regional history, it should be realized as a result of the guest's understanding of the context of the "region" where dark tourism takes place. Key words World Heritage, Industrial Heritage, Dark Tourism, Former Coal Mining Region
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