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22 23 3

1...1 1...1 2...2 3...3 4...4 2...5 1...5 2...8 3...9 1...9 2... 15 3... 17 4 US&R... 19 5 US&R... 22 6 US&R... 24 7... 26 4... 27 1... 27 2... 28 1... 28 2... 29 3... 32 4... 35 5... 37 3... 39 1... 39 2... 39 3... 41 4... 46 1... 46 2... 46 i

3... 46 5... 49 1... 49 2... 49 3... 50 4... 50 6... 68 1... 68 2... 68 3... 70 4... 76 5... 89 7... 91 1... 91 2... 92 3... 94 4... 95 8... 101 1... 101 2... 101 3... 108 5... 113 6... 114 1... 114 2 ASDPTSD... 115 3 47 34... 119 4... 120 5 79... 122 6... 123 7... 127 8... 131 9... 132 ii

1 11 1986 61 61 22 5 1-1 1

62 3 1-1 22 1995 7 53 4 1995 7 2001 13 2002 14 2004 16 2005 17 JR 2006 18 2

1980 1989 Urban Search & RescueUS&R US&R Task Force Federal Emergency Management AgencyFEMA US&R National Urban Search and Rescue Response System 1991 9 US&R FEMA 28 US&R-Task Force FEMA US&R-TF 33 22 10 1 4,278 388 National Response Plan Emergency Support FunctionsESF ESF US&R ESF#9 ESF#9 Department of Homeland SecurityFEMA US&R FEMA US&R-TF 3

44 1994 4

5 2 11 22 23 22

() 2-1 6

2-2 7

22 US&R FEMA US&R-TF US&R FEMA US&R-TF 22 9 12 22 9 19 US&RTF US&R-TF US&R US&R US&R INSARAG 1 US&R 1 INSARAGInternational Search and Rescue Advisory Group 80 8

3 11 US&R US&R-TF Urban Structural Collapse US&R Search & Rescue US&R-TF FEMA US&R 1991 US&R-TF US&R-TF US&R-TF FEMA US&R-TF FEMA FEMA US&R-TF 28 70 6 72 2008 20 & 48 9 FEMA US&R-TF 13 US&R-TFState US&R-TF 9

3-1 FEMA US&R-TF US&R-TFRegional US&R-TF 30 US&R-TF US&R-TF US&R P12 US&R-TF US&R-TF 45 US&R-TF FEMA US&R-TF 3-2 3-3 10

TF Company Crew 3-2 US&R-TF TF 3-3 US&R-TF 11

US&R US&R Company) US&R TYPE1Type4 4 Type-12 1 6 Type-34 1 3 Type-1 US&R US&R-TF US&R Type1 US&R US&R US&R 3-2 3-3 3-1 US&R FEMA/ State US&R Task Force 8 70 Regional US&R Task Force 9 29 US&R Type-1 Heavy Company 54 6 US&R Type-2 Medium Company 28 6 US&R Type-3 Light Company 41 3 US&R Type-4 Basic Company 107 3 12

3-2 Type1 Type2 Type3 2 Type4 13

3-3 US&R Type of Emergency BASIC Type 4) LIGHT Type 3) MEDIUM Type 2) HEAVY Type 1) Surface Rescue Nonstructural Entrapment (in non-collapsed structures) Light Frame Construction Low-angle (one-person load or rope rescue) Heavy Wall Construction High-Angle Rope Rescue (No Highline systems) Confined Space Rescue (no permit required) Trench and Excavation Rescue Heavy Floor Construction Pre-cast Concrete Construction Steel Frame Construction High-Angle Rope Rescue (Highline systems) Confined Space Rescue (permit required) Mass Transportation Rescue 14

22 1950 California Disaster and Civil Defense Master Mutual Aid Agreement 6 Region 65 OA OA OA 4 OA ICS(Incident Command System) 3-4 15

ICDDC(Interstate Civil Defense and Disaster Compact) EMAC(Emergency Management Assistance Compact) ICDDC 6 EMAC EMAC 16

33 1985 CERT(Community Emergency Response Team) CERT CERT CERT CERT CERT CERT 1 1 CERT 5 1 1 3 200 CERT 3-4 CERT 1 18 17.5 2 30 10 CERT 1 2 3&4 5 6 7 2 12 3 50 150 17

CERT CERT 2 CERT 34CERT 5 CERT 18

44 USS&R US&R CSR CSR(Confined Space Rescue)US&R US&R Type1 CSR 1 CSR CSR US&R Type1 19

20

21

55 USS&R 8 FEMA US&R-TF US&R CSR US&R 30 CSR 22

88 FEMA US&R-TF CSR FEMA US&R-TF 70 TF 3 210 FEMA US&R-TF 23

66 USS&R Disaster City TEEXTexas Engineering Extension Service A&M 6 Disaster City Disaster City 52 21 2 Disaster City Disaster City 8,000 10,000 95 20% 5 2 1995 4 19 24

EMERGENCY OPERATION TRAINING CENTER (EOTC) TEEX Disaster City EMERGENCY OPERATION TRAINING CENTEREOTC EOTC EOTC TEEX A&M 1929 25

77 US&R US&R Rescue Recovery 23 4 Good Samaritan law Disaster City 26

4 1 22 US&R 22 23 US&R 27

4-1 2 11 3 3 http://www.saigaichousa-db-isad.jp/drsdb_photo/photosearch.do 28

22 4-2 4-2 29

P42 4-3 30

4-3 1 2 500ml 31

33 4-4 4-4 P33 P115 500ml P33 P111 P115 WBGT(Wet-bulb globe temperature ) 4 Ver.1 2008.4 32

4-5 WBGT % 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 40 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 39 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 38 28 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 37 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 33 35 35 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 36 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 33 34 34 35 36 37 38 39 39 35 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 36 37 38 38 34 25 25 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 33 33 34 35 36 37 37 33 24 25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 32 32 33 34 35 35 36 32 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 31 31 32 33 34 34 35 31 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 30 31 32 33 33 34 30 21 22 23 24 24 25 26 27 27 28 29 29 30 31 32 32 33 29 21 21 22 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 28 29 29 30 31 31 32 28 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 30 31 27 19 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 27 27 28 29 29 30 26 18 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 28 28 29 25 18 18 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 27 27 28 24 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 26 26 27 23 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 25 26 22 15 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 21 22 22 23 24 24 25 21 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 (Ver.1 2008.4 WBGT 25 2528 2831 31 30 90% 33

WBGT 25 25~28 28~31 31 / 50/10 500 ml 500 ml 500 ml 500 ml / 50/10 40/20 500 ml 500 ml 1L 1L / 50/10 40/20 30/30 20/40 1L 1L 1L 1L 1 1 1.5L 1 12L ( ) 2 34

44 4-6 4-6 4 4 http://www.saigaichousa-db-isad.jp/drsdb_photo/photosearch.do 35

4-7 P 4-8 4-8 36

55 6 4-9 4-9 1 1 - - 2 3 4 37

25 ( P119) 38

3 11 22 39

60 40

33 4-1 12 34 4 12ABCD E 4-2 4-1 4-2 4 2 41

4-3 4-4 4-3 4-4 42

4-10 4-5 4-6 4-10 4-10 / 4-5 43

1m 4-6 1 10/22 1515 24 4-7 2 5 10/22 1515 5 4-8 3 44

5 10/22 1515 10/23 328 5 4-9 4 5 10/22 1515 10/23 328 5 4-10 5 3 10/29 1700 10/29 2100 5 3 5 45

4 11 22 4-11 33 46

5 5 47

48

5 11 22 4-12 49

33 4-13 44 P62 50

51

1 10cm 3 10cm 10cm 10cm 4 52

2 53

P52,P53 3 54

1 55

56

2 57

1 58

59

2 60

1/2 61

4-14 10cm 62

63

64

2 65

2 66

2 1 1/2 1/2 200l 100l 67

6 11 2 22 4-15 6 4-15 t/m 3 0.40.6 1.22.2 2.3 2.4 3 7.9 6 P69 68

10 16.5m 2 200mm0.2m 16.5 m 2 0.2 m 3.3 m 3 2.4 t/m 3 3.3 m 3 2.4 t/m 3 7.92t 200mm 200mm 69

33 4-16 P132 70

1 90mm90mmSTK500:JIS G344448.6mm 2.4mm 7 4-17 7 21 71

4-18 72

73

74

1 75

44 4-19 2 3 76 2 4 1 2 3 9 2 2 4 P77 4 P77

4-20 2 4-21 60cm 44 8 90mm 90mm 90mm90mm 4445mm90mm 2 4 9 44 24 44 10cm 60cm 60cm - 20cm = 40cm 8 44 9 24 77

2 3 4-22 40cm1=40cm 40cm 1 10cm 40cm 10cm 2 1.5 40cm1.5=60cm 60cm 10cm 40cm 10cm 4 3 40cm3=120cm 120cm 10cm 40cm 10cm 40cm1=40cm 40cm 4 10cm 40cm 10cm 20cm1=20cm 20cm 4 20cm 10cm 10cm 78

1.5 1 1 3,000kg 2 4 12,000kg P123 13000kg 412,000kg 4-11 79

60cm 15cm 4-23 2 2 4 4 2 4 80

2 2 4 2 2 4 4-12 2 2 4 81

4 2 3cm 24 1 24 4 82

24 44 24 1 24 83

4 24 44 24 1 24 4 84

24 44 90 44 2 44 3 2 3 4 85

44 10cm 10cm 44 2 4 4 2 90 86

500kg 87

88

55 89

90

7 11 91

22 4-24 2 92

93

33 4-25 94

44 2 1 95

P100 1 1 96

1 5cm 3 97

98

99

P110 8 P101 4-26 100

8 11 22 101

SAMPLE S:Symptoms A:Allergies M:Medication P:Past medical history L:Last oral intake E:Event preceding the incident GUMBA G U M B A -1 30 102

Dysfunction of CNS Point O 2 Airway Circulation CRT P106 Point SpO 2 Point Breathing or CRT2 SpO 2 Point or 4-13 A B 10~29 /9 30 SpO 2 <90 C 5 2 103

6090 /120 90 D JCS: Japan Coma Scale 0 JCS 1-1 -2-3 JCS 2-10 -20-30 JCS 3-100 -200-300 JCS 2-2 104

-3 10 CRT CRT JPTEC SpO 2 <90 10 21 HYGO CSR 105

80mm Hg 70mm Hg 60mm Hg CRTCapillary Refilling Time 5 2 106

107

33 2000ml 30% 108

10% 15% 15% 1 15% 30% 1 30% 60% 10% 30% 30% G. Rinker, Jr. Crush Syndrome: Estimating Skeletal Muscle Damage by the Rule of Thirds, 2004) 109

90 90mmHg CRT 2 2 7501000 ml1020 90 15002000 ml2030 2000 ml 30 1,0003,000ml 1,0004,000ml 1 30cm 100ml 300500ml 1,0002,000ml 1,0002,000ml 5001,000ml 500ml 3530 30 35 36 30 110

60% 40% 20% 1 2,0002,500ml 1,500ml 700 1,000ml 100ml 111

1 900ml 600ml 300ml P33 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 500ml 3 112

5 3 4 23 24 must 113

6 1 2 ASDPTSD 3 47 34 4 5 79 6 7 8 9 11 Breaching Dirty Breaching Clean Breaching Shoring Cribbing Lifting Moving 114

22 AASSDPPTTSSD ASDAcute Stress DisorderPTSD Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder:CISCritical Incident Stress 22 8 ASDPTSDCIS Defusing Critical Incident Stress Debriefing 6-1 ASD PTSD CIS 24 ASD 1 3 3 6 115

6 PTSD 4 6-2 30 8 116

38 1 2 72 2 117

6-3 118

33 4477 3344 2 3 119

1 44 11 RC 6-1 11 http://www.aij.or.jp/jpn/seismj/lecture/lec7.htm 120

6-2 121

55 7799 2cm 3cm 4cm 6cm 2 6-4 2cm 3cm 4cm 6cm 6-3 122

66 1 2 4 22 10 5 200kN IP-20R-V32 2000kN IP-200B-V32 1 90mm90mm 60mm 1 1 5 1 2 2 5 2 4 5 14 2 123

1 30kN4 120kN 1 2 4 1 35kN 40kN 1 5 4 500kN 2 1 2 4 500kN 124

6-5 mm mm kn 1 2 3 4 4 4 1 2 kn 14 5 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 5 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.2 10 3.1 3.6 2.4 1.8 10 2.6 1.6 1.2 1.5 20 4.5 5.0 3.2 2.6 15 3.1 2.2 1.9 2.1 30 5.7 6.3 3.8 3.3 20 3.9 3.0 2.3 2.5 40 6.9 7.4 4.3 3.9 25 5.5 3.8 2.5 2.9 50 8.0 8.5 4.8 4.4 30 8.3 5.5 3.1 3.2 60 9.2 9.6 5.3 5.0 35 12.7 8.9 3.6 3.8 70 10.4 10.8 5.8 5.5 40 19.6 13.1 3.8 4.3 80 11.8 12.1 6.4 6.1 45 27.6 18.1 4.6 5.3 90 13.4 13.8 7.0 6.8 50 35.1 25.0 5.2 6.6 100 15.4 15.7 7.8 7.6 55 46.1 33.0 5.9 8.2 110 18.2 18.5 8.9 8.5 60 57.1 42.5 7.1 10.4 120 22.0 22.3 10.7 10.0 65 70.7 8.6 12.9 130 27.6 28.2 13.3 12.1 70 11.2 16.3 140 34.8 36.4 16.4 15.1 75 14.1 19.6 150 43.5 46.2 18.8 18.2 80 17.1 24.4 160 53.8 57.4 23.1 21.9 85 20.9 28.9 170 65.0 67.4 27.7 26.1 90 25.8 33.9 180 77.8 80.8 33.4 30.3 95 31.2 39.7 190 93.5 99.0 39.8 35.0 100 37.1 46.7 200 115.3 105 46.8 54.1 mm 120 90 60 30 0 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 kn 125

1 1 30kN 126

77 22 10 22 1-10-2 1 2m 2m 15 1.5t 2 4 4 2 H 5m 2t 80cm 80cm 2m 2t H 1m 2tB 1 2 3 RC 2m 1m 15cm 750 127

1 3cm 60cm 1 2 90mm90mm 45mm90mm 128

H 2 3 129

1 6-6 JAS 1 90mm90mm600mm 1 30kN 130

1 88 22 22 1 14 1 kn 2 kn T 26.78 25.48 T 59.30 59.85 271.2 260.8 22 1 15 1 kn 2 kn T 50.60 56.65 T 97.00 94.40 314.2 317.6 12 21 131

1 99 33 T T 5 T T T 4 2 2 13 20 132

T 330cm 4cm 90cm 90 65mm 13 8 5 T 133

T 65mm 8 4 4 134

T 360cm 4cm 2 90cm 90 2 60cm 45cm 65mm 24 14 5 180cm 65mm 8 T 135

T 65mm 8 4 4 136

34cm 24 90mm 3 90mm 2 24 90mm 3 2 2 65mm 13 137

24 65mm 13 24 90mm 6 138

2 2 120cm 90cm 24 90mm 3 330cm 24 90mm 90mm 3 139

30cm30cm 65mm 13 30cm30cm 65mm 13 30cm15cm 65mm 8 30cm60cm 65mm 24 30cm60cm 65mm 16 140

240cm8ft 2m40cm 34cm 44 44 24 44 141

24 90mm 2 2 65mm 8 142