3 * 199090 1999122000 18927.5 2000 *739 85291 5 1 E-mail: kinbara@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
4 19801990 1960 R. Vernon, 1971 1985 62 1985
5 1989 19851221986 22319873361988470 19896751990 360560 1992 1990 1990 198661 9,427277,2211997 7,931239,511 15.913.6 1986 6119921997 19861992 19921997 1986 1997 1992 1990
61 1,121 972 827 485 477 406 651 518 443 1,373 1,366 946 376 316 335 148 139 124 249 243 139 14 15 8 4,417 4,046 3,228 1,106 1,145 1,050 334 316 290 288 345 302 595 561 441 170 162 141 165 176 162 87 86 83 47 59 68 124 135 104 21 20 25 2,937 3,005 2,666 351 379 313 984 1,125 1,047 673 739 627 52 38 38 13 16 12 2,073 2,297 2,037 9,427 9,348 7,931 6,893,041 9,045,625 7,782,564 2,333,746 3,173,588 2,930,401 61 26,050 26,976 25,514 8,574 8,994 7,738 10,273 9,307 7,995 21,819 21,774 14,089 6,028 4,840 4,968 4,321 3,717 3,142 6,630 6,046 3,758 243 259 184 83,938 81,913 67,388 18,854 20,306 17,458 6,523 6,966 6,119 9,093 11,722 8,786 8,886 8,493 7,133 3,973 4,214 3,744 17,182 16,866 12,751 6,890 6,507 5,877 4,513 4,407 4,002 5,962 6,502 5,533 300 232 262 82,176 86,215 71,665 15,787 18,419 18,342 31,699 35,674 33,969 59,515 56,495 46,092 1,942 1,816 1,519 2,164 2,414 536 111,107 114,818 100,458 277,221 282,946 239,511 6,893,041 9,045,625 7,782,564 2,333,746 3,173,588 2,930,401 1990 1990 1990 6 1809499
11 1,073,107 874,404 40 465,857 559,256 29 402,668 402,125 48 362,007 312,132 20 1,007,554 868,411 10 257,272 237,553 31 83,419 85,219 2 574,162 519,805 180 1997 7
8 1993 19951 1
9 311 266 299 2000281
225 20 422 20 378 285 86 2,027 76 1,816 291 23 2,711 29 2,872 292 33 768 33 1,042 293 33 768 33 1,042 294 259 5,645 246 8,047 295 23 775 16 523 296 174 8,899 157 8,946 2963 5 52 2 0 2965 5 43 2 0 297 290 9,503 292 5,983 299 237 4,126 194 3,204 2996 132 2,305 107 1,714 2998 13 227 9 116 301 242 8,972 199 7,668 3016 52 1,453 36 773 302 14 277 9 123 303 6 257 4 170 304 26 2,438 21 2,904 3044 17 2,200 7 239 305 3 30 2 0 306 24 756 20 574 3069 12 168 14 334 307 14 440 8 239 311 447 23,641 363 17,894 3113 434 21,791 349 16,40 314 273 11,244 241 9,503 321 17 931 19 885 301321 225 275 285 3113 29962752 2852 10
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1990 1998 Vol. 29No. 2pp. 25 351995 ESP1996 Vol. 29No. 2pp. 4 14 1995 1997 Vol. 29No. 2pp. 26 451995 1993 1997 2000 10Porter, M. E., The Competitive Advantage of Nations, The Free Press, 1990. 1992 11Vernon, R., International Investment and International Trade in the Product Life Cycle, Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp. 190 207, May 1966. 12Vernon, R., Sovereignty at Bay, Basic Books, 1971. * 12121222 11 ** 12 14
The Industrial Cluster and Its Challenges in Hiroshima Prefecture Tatsuo KINBARA, Professor Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University Satoru ENOMOTO, Professor Graduate School of Social Sciences, Hiroshima University Takefumi MOKUDAI, Ph. D. Candidate Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University ABSTRACT This article describes recent situation of industrial cluster and attempts to explore new development of industry in Hiroshima region. In Hiroshima prefecture, there exist different types of industrial cluster, such as an auto-related cluster, a steel-related cluster, as well as some traditional handcraft clusters. Decrease of employment and establishments has been observed in labor intensive industries, such as furniture, lumber, and textile clusters before 1990. In the 1990s, it has been expanding over assembly industries. To stimulate entrepreneurial firms and individuals, local industries and the government have to jointly 1) create distinctive value chains, 2) strengthen marketing capabilities, 3) enhance horizontal division of labor, 4) create distributed network, and 5) improve infrastructure in the region. Key words: industrial cluster, foreign direct investment, technological division of labor 15