1 Phaeocystis sp.. 2-1 2-2 2-2-1 2-2-1-1 2-2-1-2 2-2-1-3 2-2-2 2-2-2-1 2-2-2-2 2-2-2-3 2-3 3 3-1 3-2 Phaeocystis sp. 3-2-1 3-2-2 3-2-3 3-3 4 4-1 4-2 4-2-1 4-2-2 ATP 4-3
21 (1,500 ha/year) Phaeocystis sp. 8 40 2 Aspergillus Streptomyces ATP Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp.7.5% 7.5 7.5% 2 ATP Streptomyces Phaeocystis sp. ATP Aspergillus Phaeocystis sp. 0% Streptomyces Aspergillus ( 1
) 2
250 56 1 2623 ( 51) 616 ( 2.3%) ( ) 21 NGO 1,500 ha Phaeocystis sp. (1 ) (1.) 3
( ) 8 ( ) Phaeocystis sp. ( ) 2 (Phaeocystis sp.) 1. 4
1 Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. Haptose Haptose Haptose Haptose Phaeocystis sp. 1.HaptosePhaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. ( ) Phaeocystis sp. (PES) Phaeocystis sp 1PES 16 ( 3,000Lux)8 25 1-2 1050500ml 100l (20l/min) 4 2. Phaeocystis sp.100l 4 Phaeocystis sp. 5l Phaeocystis sp. (4,000g, 20min) Phaeocystis sp. 5
Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. 3 3 Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. 5 5ml 105 24 30 Phaeocystis sp. (100,5min) 200 l 5% 200l 1ml 20 (SHIMADZU) (490nm) Phaeocystis sp. 1ml 9ml 6% 1.5MNaOH 1.5ml (121,30min) 3.5M 0.5ml (220nm) (6.25) Phaeocystis sp. 1:1 ()24 (90cm) 6
Phaeocystis sp. (105) (600w) Phaeocystis sp. 1. 40 Phaeocystis sp. 1. Phaeocystis sp. 7
2 2-1 3 (2.( - )) 8 ( 3.) 8 () 8
2-2 2-2-1 2-2-1-1 ( )Phaeocystis sp.9:1 2.5%(w/w) (2222[mm]) (50,24hr ) ( 4.) 4. 8 1 ml 100l 1ml 30 4 1 2-2-1-2 ( CMC ) 7 ( CMC ) CMC 10ml/ 1 30 50 9 2 30 4 1 9
2-2-1-3 CMC (OLYMPUS,BX-50) (FUJIFILM,HC-300Z) ( ( )) Hutter ( )) 2 2-2-2 2 ATP 2-2-2-1 ( ) ( ) 2 2 CMC 10
1 (5ml) 50 5 1mg/ml 0.1%Tween80 2-2-2-2 l l l l l 5. (15ml) 202mg CMC 2ml (121,20min) (Wako,Trichoderma viride,990[unit/g])0.1%tween80 0.0.2,1,2,10,20[mg/ml] 100l 30,120rpm 4 12120 (7,000g,5min) 1.5ml 11
(12,000rpm(TOMY:MRX-150),5min) 592nm (No1, 55mm,ADVANTEC) 105 12 (15ml)202mg CMC 2ml (121,20min) 100l (30,120rpm) 9 2 9 1 (121,20min) (7,000g,5min) 1.5ml (1,2000rpm(TOMY:MRX-150),5min) 592nm (SHIMADZU) 2-4-3 ATP ATP CMC 1.9ml (121,20min) 100l (30,120rpm) 4 ATP (7,000g,5min)200l (, TES-Buffer(TES,MgSO4,pH7.5)6 )) (LUMICOUNTER,ADVANTEC) 5 TEA-NRB 1% 100 l (Sonicator,Heatsystem-ultrasonic) ( Lv.6,5s) 1.9ml TES-Buffer 12
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) 200l DMSO 1 800 l Na3PO4 (0.01M) 1 (Yamato,Bransonic)2 1% 100l 900l TES-Buffer TES-Buffer 2ml 5 Sonic TES-Buffer 2ml (Lv.6,5s) ATP ATP ATP 1 20ml CMC (50ml )1 20ml 200ml CMC (500ml ) 1 ( ADVANTEC,No.101,55mm) ATP ATP (15ml)201mg 1.9ml 13
100l (120rpm,30)10 0 2 ATP (Sonicator,Lv.6,5s) (7,000g,5min) 200 l (, ) 3 1 14
2-5 2-5-1 2-5-1-1 4 4 (3.) 2-5-1-2 30 4 40 2 3 50 1 (4.) 4. (C ) 4050 40 2 15
2-5-2 ( omycetaceae ( ( 20 ) 2-5-2-1 6. (1m ) ( 7.) 7.) Strept 8.) ( 9.) Streptomyces ( Str.) 7. 8. 9.20 Streptomyces 16
(1m ) Aspergillus ( Asp. ) 10. (12.) ( 11.) 1 ( 11.) ( 11.) ( 10.)Aspergillus. niger Aspergillus. awamori 11. Aspergillus 12. 17
2-5-3 2-5-3-1 Asp. (50,1 ) Str.24 (50) Str. 10 5 14. (:Str. :Asp.) 14. (:Str. :Asp.) 2-5-3-2 (4.) 4. 18
0mg 0.04 0.040.05 (5.) 5. 20mg 9 Str. 8mgAsp. 10mg 40 50 ( ) ( ) 19
2-5-3-3 ATP (6.) 6.ATP DMSO Aspergillus TEA-NRB Streptomyces Sonic 20
ATP (7.,8.) 7.Str. ATP 8.Asp. ATP ATP Str. Asp. ATP (Str.:Asp.=5:1) Str. Asp. ATP Str.. Asp. ATP [pmol/mg] 15513 325 [g/mg] 33532 47549 [ g/mg] 327 264 5. ATP Str. 3036%Asp. 4353% Str. 2.53.9%Asp. 2.22.9% Str.15.624.4%, Asp.13.818.1% 21
ATP (9.) ATP (7.,6.) 9. ATP 2-5-3-2( ) Str.1mg Asp.0.6mg ( ) ATP ( ) 22
3 Phaeocystis sp 3-2-1 Phaeocystis 2.5g/ 100ml/ 50 (E 3-1. 3-2 Phaeocystis sp. sp. 0:100 20:80 10. (10.) 0.25kg 24 50 (24 ) 3-2-2 11. 3mm (50mm/min) [mm] 3mm (50mm/min) [mm] 100[N] 100[N] 3mm Ztest,SHIMADZU) 50mm/min 100N (11.) 4 5 23
3-2-4 525[mm] 10mm 5 10 5 3 2 5 5 24
3-4 3-4-2 100N Ph 12% Phaeocysti sp. 12 Phaeocystis sp. 0% 12% (12.) 12.Ph 100N Phaeocystis sp. 7.5% 2.5Kg 25
3-4-3 ( ) ( ) 7.5% (1 3.) 13. 3 ( ) Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp.7.5% 26
4 4-1 Phaeocystis sp. 7.5% ATP 4-2 4-2-1 Phaeocystis sp. 1 100mg 0:100 12:88 ( 5555[mm]) 50 24 (TOYOSEKI) 11015Mpa10 4-2-2 4 (15ml) (121,20min) 0.9m (1mg/ml,0.1%Tween80)0.1ml 30,120rpm 4 ( )2 27
4-2-3 ATP 1ml Buffer (Lv.6,5s) ATP (7,000g)200 l ATP ( ) 24.5ml TES 500l 4-3 Str. 0 7 ATP 14. Phaeocystis sp. Str.ATP Phaeocystis sp. Str.Phaeocystis sp. Asp. 28
Asp. 0 7 ATP (15.) 15. Phaeocystis sp. Asp.ATP ATP (16.) ATP 16. Phaeocystis sp Asp.ATP 29
Asp. Asp. Asp.Phaeocystis sp. 99 Asp. Phaeocystis sp.12 Phaeocystis sp. 30
2 Ph 7.5% Ph ( ) 100[kgf/cm2] Phaeocystis sp. Phaeocystis sp. 31
Str. Asp.Str. 2 2 Str. Phaeocystis sp. Asp. 2 ( ) 32
3 33
(1978) - - (1992) (1992) (1998) (1996) () (1995) () (1978) () (1978) () (1992) Raymond P. Poincelot and Peter R. Day(1972) Simple dye Release Assay for Determining Cellulolytic Activity of Fungi. Applied Microbiology,23(5),875-879. J.G.Savory,B.Mather,C.C.Maitland and K.Selby(1967) Methods,Apparatus:New Product Reserch,Process Development and Design. Chemystry and Industry, January(28),153-154 R.E.Smith(1977)Rapid Tube Test for Detecting Fungal Cellulase Production. Appled and Environmental Microbiology,33(4),980-981 Stanisla Leznicka(1980)Cellulolytic Activites of Fungi Destroying Ancient Books. Acta Microbiologica Polonica,29(4),375-387. W. Verstraete, H. Van de Werf, F. Kucnerowicz, M. IlaiwiL. M. J. Verstraeten and K. Vlassak(1983) Specific measurement of soil microbial ATP. Soil Biology and 34
Biochemistry, 15(4), 391-396 K. Inubushi, P. C. Brookes and D. S. Jenkinson(1989)Influence of paraquat on the extraction of adenosine triphosphate from soil by trichloracetic acid, Soil Biology and Biochemistry,21(5), 741-742. J. M. Oades and D. S. Jenkinson(1979)Adenosine triphosphate content of the soil microbial biomass, Soil Biology and Biochemistry,11(2),201-204 F. Eiland(1983)A simple method for quantitative determination of ATP in soil, Soil Biology and Biochemistry,15(6),665-670 Q. Y. Bai, L. Z elles, I. Scheunert and F. Korte(1988)A simple effective procedure for the determination of adenosine triphosphate in soils,chemosphere,17(12),2461-2470 D. S. Jenkinson and J. M. Oades (1979) A method for measuring adenosine triphosphate in soil, Soil Biology and Biochemistry,11(2),193-199 35