18 SCORM Development of SCORM Contents Making Support System Focused on Content Aggregation Model 1070401 2007 2 16
SCORM e-learning WBT Web Based Training Web e-learning WBT WBT ADL Advanced Distributed Learning SCORM SCORM WBT SCORM SCORM SCORM SCORM SCORM SCORM LMS Learning Management System e-learning, WBT, SCORM, i
Abstract Development of SCORM Contents Making Support System Focused on Content Aggregation Model SAMUKAWA Takeshi In recent years, WBT(Web Based Training) has been common style in enterprise training and university training. However, existing WBT style has some problems about reusability and interoperability between systems and contents. ADL(Advanced Distributed Learning, U.S.) has been offering SCORM(Sharable Content Reference Model) as standard model in WBT. SCORM aims providing reusability and interoperability to WBT. However, SCORM contents authors need knowledge about SCORM and its structure to make SCORM contents. SCORM contents authors need to describe CAM(Content Aggregation Model) and RTE(Run-time Environment) as well as existing contents. These descriptions make SCORM contents difficult to make. In this research, we focused on description of CAM in SCORM contents. We developed SCORM Contents Making Support System to support SCORM contents authors with no definite knowledge about SCORM. This system supports describing CAM in SCORM contents semi-automatically. By using this system, authors can easily make SCORM contents. And we confirmed contents made by this system on SCORM compliant LMS(Learning Management System). As a result, contents operated as SCORM contents well. key words e-learning, WBT, SCORM, Content Aggregation Model ii
1 1 2 2 2.1...................................... 2 2.1.1 e-learning........................... 3 2.2.................................. 4 3 SCORM 5 3.1 SCORM................................ 5 3.2..................... 7 3.2.1........................... 7 3.2.2............................... 8 3.2.3...................... 10 3.3................................ 12 3.4 SCORM.................. 12 3.5 SCORM...................... 16 4 SCORM 17 4.1................................... 17 4.1.1 CAM.......................... 17 4.1.2..................... 18 4.2................................ 19 5 23 5.1................................ 23 iii
5.2...................................... 25 6 29 30 31 iv
3.1 SCORM............. 9 3.2 SCORM............. 11 3.3....................... 14 3.4 SCO......................... 14 3.5...................... 15 3.6.......................... 15 3.7 SCORM................. 16 4.1 CAM XML........................ 18 4.2.................................... 22 5.1 JAXB................................ 24 5.2.............................. 25 5.3................................ 26 5.4.............................. 27 5.5............................... 27 5.6................................... 27 5.7.............................. 28 v
3.1 SCORM...................... 9 3.2.......................... 10 3.3 10 SCO................ 13 4.1............................. 21 vi
1 e-learning e-learning e-learning Web WBT Web Based Training WBT LMS Learning Management System Web WBT LMS LMS ADL Advanced Distributed Learning?? e-learning SCORM Sharable Content Object Reference Model [2][3] SCORM LMS WBT SCORM SCORM SCORM SCORM 1
2 2.1 e-learning e- 2006 [4] e-learning e-learning e-learning CBT Computer Based Training CD-ROM CBT 2
2.1 WBT Web Based Training 2.1.1 e-learning WBT e-learning WBT CBT Web CBT WBT LMS Learning Management System: LMS CMS(Course Management System) WBT LMS LMS WBT LMS WBT LMS LMS LMS 3
2.2 ADL(Advanced Distributed Learning) SCORM(Sharable Content Object Reference Model) SCORM ADL SCORM SCORM SCORM LMS SCORM 2.2 SCORM SCORM SCORM LMS 4
3 SCORM SCORM WBT SCORM SCORM SCORM SCORM 3.1 SCORM SCORM ADL WBT WBT IMS IMS Global Learning Consortium, AICC the Aviation Industry CBT Committee ARI- ADNE12(Alliance of Remote Instructional Authoring & Distribution Networks for Europe), IEEE LTSC2(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Learning Technology Standards Committee) SCORM SCORM SCORM1.2 SCORM2004 SCORM1.2 [2] SCORM e-learning 5
3.1 SCORM Web LMS Web LMS Web LMS/ SCORM CAM RTE CAM LMS RTE SCO(Sharable Content Object) LMS LMS- SCORM Web 6
3.2 3.2 CAM CAM [2] CAM CAM 3.2.1 SCORM SCO SCO RTE LMS SCORM HTML SCO SCO SCO SCO 7
3.2 SCORM LMS SCO SCO RTE API(Application Program Interface) SCO SCO SCO SCO 3.2.3 SCO SCO 3.2.3 3.1 CAM 3.2.2 SCORM SCO LMS 3.2.1 SCO 3.1 3.2 XML SCORM1.2 8
3.2 3.1 SCORM 3.1 SCORM 7 49 SCO 15 42 15 42 9
3.2 3.2 Title 1 Description 1 Keyword 0 Difficulty 0 1 very easy easy medium difficult very difficult [2] SCORM2004 [3] XML 3.2.3 1 10
3.2 LMS LMS 3.2 SCO SCO 3.2 SCORM 11
3.3 3.3 RTE LMS LMS RTE API API LMS LMS-SCO LMS-SCO SCO LMS SCO API SCORM SCORM LMS LMS SCO SCO LMS RTE API JavaScript RTE JavaScript 3.4 SCORM SCORM WBT 1. 3.2.2 2. SCO 3.2.2 3. 3.2.2 4. 3.2.3 5. RTE JavaScript 3.3 1,2,3 3.2.2 3.2.2 XML SCORM XML 12
3.4 SCORM 4 SCO 5 JavaScript SCO API RTE 10 SCO HTML 1 3.3 SCO 3.3 3.6 3.3 10 SCO 10 1 1 SCO 10 SCO 1 1 1 1 1 1 JavaScript 1 HTML 10 33 13
3.4 SCORM <?xml version="1.0"?> <lom xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1 imsmd_rootv1p2p1.xsd"> <general> <title> <langstring>vessel Aground Lighting</langstring> </title> <description> <langstring>picture showing lighting requirments for inland vessel less than 50 meters in length in an aground condition.</langstring> </description> <keyword> <langstring>vessel</langstring> </keyword> <keyword> <langstring>lighting</langstring> </keyword> <keyword> <langstring>aground</langstring> </keyword> </general> 3.3 <?xml version="1.0"?> <lom xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1 imsmd_rootv1p2p1.xsd"> <general> <title> <langstring>conduct of Vessels in any Condition of Visibility</langstring> </title> <catalogentry> <catalog>adl Course Catalogue ID</catalog> <entry> <langstring>1000-01-01</langstring> </entry> </catalogentry> <language>en-us</language> <description> <langstring>discusses general rules of operation for vessels on inland waters. Topics discussed include: Look-out, Safe Speed, Collision, Channels, Traffic Separation.</langstring> </description> <keyword> <langstring>vessel</langstring> </keyword> 3.4 SCO 14
3.4 SCORM <?xml version="1.0"?> <lom xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1 imsmd_rootv1p2p1.xsd"> <general> <title> <langstring>inland Rules of the Road</langstring> </title> <catalogentry> <catalog>adl Course Catalogue ID</catalog> <entry> <langstring>1000</langstring> </entry> </catalogentry> <catalogentry> <catalog>u.s. Coast Guard, Commandant Instruction</catalog> <entry> <langstring>1000</langstring> </entry> </catalogentry> <catalogentry> <catalog>u.s. Coast Guard, Commandant Instruction</catalog> <entry> 3.5 <?xml version="1.0"?> <manifest identifier="singlecoursemanifest" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/imscp_rootv1p1p2" xmlns:adlcp="http://www.adlnet.org/xsd/adlcp_rootv1p2" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/imscp_rootv1p1p2 imscp_rootv1p1p2.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1 imsmd_rootv1p2p1.xsd http://www.adlnet.org/xsd/adlcp_rootv1p2 adlcp_rootv1p2.xsd"> <organizations default="b0"> <organization identifier="b0"> <title>maritime Navigation</title> <item identifier="b100" isvisible="true"> <title>inland Rules of the Road (HTML Format)</title> <item identifier="s100001" identifierref="r_s100001" isvisible="true"> <title>references and Lesson Objective</title> </item> <item identifier="b110" isvisible="true"> <title>steering & Sailing Rules</title> <item identifier="s110001" identifierref="r_s110001"> <title>conduct of Vessels in any Condition of Visibility</title> 3.6 15
3.5 SCORM 3.7 SCORM 3.5 SCORM CAM RTE 3.4 SCORM CAM RTE CAM RTE XML JavaScript SCORM SCORM SCORM XML 3.3 10 SCO SCORM SCORM 16
4 SCORM 3.5 SCORM SCORM SCORM SCORM 4.1 SCORM 3.4 4.1.1 CAM CAM XML XML CAM CAM XML 4.1 XML SCORM XML XML SCORM XML XML 17
4.1 4.1 CAM XML XML 4.1.2 LMS LMS 18
4.2 SCORM SCO SCO SCO SCO LMS LMSInitilize() LMSFinish() 4.2 3 XML XML 4.1 SCORM SCORM XML XML 19
4.2 SCORM SCO ID ID HTML SCO HTML 2 SCO JavaScript SCORM 20
4.2 4.1 SCO 21
4.2 4.2 22
5 5.1 Java 4.2 JAXB The Java Architecture for XML Binding [5] JAXB Sun Java XML JAXB 5.1 XML Java Java XML XML XML DTD(Document Type Definition) XML Schema XML XML JAXB JAXB ADL SCORM XML Schema SCORM XML JAXB SCO 23
5.1 5.1 JAXB JAXB HTML JavaScript 24
5.2 5.2 5.2 5.2 SCO SCO 5.3 25
5.2 5.3 5.5 HTML SCO XML SCO SCORM work SCORM LMS 5.7 LMS 26
5.2 5.4 5.5 5.6 27
5.2 5.7 28
6 SCORM SCORM SCORM1.2 XML Java SCORM LMS SCORM XML SCORM CAM RTE LMS LMS SCORM2004 / 29
SCORM/LMS SCORM 30
[1] Advanced Distributed Learning, http://www.adlnet.gov/ [2] Advanced Distributed Learning and e-learning Consortium Japan Sharable Content Object Reference Model SCORM Version 1.2 http://www.elc.or.jp/cgi-bin/csvmail/kigyou scorm download.html, 2002 [3] Advanced Distributed Learning, Sharable Content Object Reference Model 2004 3rd Edition, http://www.adlnet.gov/scorm/index.cfm, 2006 [4] e (ELC) e 2006/2007 2006 [5] Sun Micyosystems, The Java Architecture for XML Binding(JAXB), http://java.sun.com/webservices/jaxb/ 31