Copyright 2004, 2005, 2006 Gnu ( 1.2 ) Gnu Free Documentation License Gnu D

LATEX 2ε 1.13 2006 8 18 Love Love L A TEX for all beginners at ) entry level by,or Watanabe,e TEXbook has good examples, problems and jokes. Thór Watanabe Graduate School of System Information Science Future University-Hakodate thor at tex dot dante dot jp http://tex.dante.jp/typo/

Copyright 2004, 2005, 2006 Gnu ( 1.2 ) Gnu Free Documentation License Gnu D

i L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX TEX TEX/L A TEX (free) L A TEX 24 pt 1 40 1 36 L A TEX L A TEX *1 L A TEX *2 L A TEX *3 L A TEX L A TEX *1 HTML & CSS XML & XSL *2 LATEX LATEX *3

ii tips TEX L A TEX L A TEX 2ε *4 2006 4 dvipdfmx dvipdfmx dvipdfmx dvipdfmx dvipdfmx 3.20 dvipdfmx 3.22 dvipdfmx dvipdfmx dvipdfmx 3.22.2 dvipdfmx The length of a pen should be comrotable to write with: too long and it makes him tired; too short and it\ldots. The length of a pen should be comrotable to write with: too long and it makes him tired; too short and it.... *4 http://tex.dante.jp/typo/

iii *5 which perl $ platex input.tex $ jbibtex input.tex $ dvipdfmx -S -o output.pdf input.dvi $ Alt Ctrl + Alt + Delete Ctrl Alt Delete Ctrl + x Ctrl + s Ctrl + x Ctrl + s \ Windows Y= Windows Y= Unix OS \ L A TEX *5

iv L A TEX L A TEX Michel Goossens Sebastian Rahtz Frank Mittelbach Leslie Lamport 1 5,000 L A TEX 4 L A TEX 2ε [33] 3,000 L A TEX [34] 4,800 L A TEX [35] 5,400 L A TEX Web [36] 4,800 18,000 L A TEX Richard Stallman L A TEX B

v TEX Donald Knuth TEX L A TEX L A TEX Leslie Lamport L A TEX 2ε Frank Mittelbach Johannes Braams David Carlisle Michael Downes Alan Jeffrey Sebastian Rahtz Chris Rowley Rainer Schöpf TEX Windows ptex dviout BIBTEX Oren Patashnik MakeIndex Pehong Chen Nelson Beebe Dvipdfm Mark Wicks Dvipdfmx PostScript PDF Adobe TEX TEX

GNU FDL!.... Gnu Free Documentation License *6 PDF *7 *8 L A TEX PDF hyperref PDF PDF Gnu *9 Gnu Free Documentation License Free Software Foundation Richard Stallman *6 FSF *7 http://tex.dante.jp/typo/ *8 LATEX 2ε *9 Gnu FSF: Free Software Foundation (gnu@gnu.org) (http://www.gnu. org/) FSF

vii i v 1 1 1.1......................... 1 1.2................................ 1 1.3 TEX............................. 3 1.4 WYSIWYG......................... 3 1.5........................... 4 1.6 L A TEX............................ 4 1.7 L A TEX............................. 5 2 L A TEX 7 2.1.............................. 7 2.1.1........................... 7 2.1.2.......................... 9 2.1.3...................... 11 2.1.4............... 12 2.1.5........................ 14 2.1.6....................... 17 2.1.7............................. 19 2.1.8.......................... 20 2.2 L A TEX...................... 21 2.3............................. 23

viii 2.3.1.................... 23 2.3.2.................... 24 2.4......................... 26 2.5............................ 27 2.5.1..................... 27 2.5.2 L A TEX DVI................... 29 2.5.3 DVI PDF Dvipdfmx................. 30 2.5.4 DVI PostScript dvips................ 38 2.5.5 TEX HTML TEX4ht................ 39 3 45 3.1............................ 45 3.2.................................. 46 3.3................................. 48 3.3.1.......................... 48 3.3.2.......................... 49 3.4.............................. 49 3.4.1...................... 51 3.4.2.................... 51 3.5.............................. 52 3.6............................. 53 3.6.1.......................... 54 3.6.2 indent.................... 54 3.6.3......................... 55 3.7............................... 56 3.7.1 L A TEX................... 56 3.7.2.......................... 56 3.8................................. 57 3.9.................................. 59 3.10.............................. 59 3.11....................... 60 3.11.1............................ 60 3.12......................... 60

ix 3.13............................. 61 3.14................................ 62 3.14.1 1 alltt................. 62 3.14.2 2 cmtt................. 63 3.15........................... 63 3.15.1..................... 65 3.15.2............................. 66 3.15.3........................ 67 3.15.4.............................. 68 3.16............................... 68 3.16.1........................ 68 3.16.2....................... 70 3.16.3................... 70 3.17................................. 71 3.18................................ 73 3.18.1 enumerate.......... 74 3.19............................. 75 3.20.............................. 76 3.20.1...................... 78 3.20.2........................... 79 3.20.3........................ 81 3.21.............................. 81 3.21.1 syntonly................... 82 3.22........................... 82 3.22.1......................... 83 3.22.2........................ 85 3.22.3.................. 86 4 89 4.1........................ 89 4.2............................. 89 4.2.1........................... 90 4.2.2............................. 91

x 4.2.3......................... 92 4.2.4.................... 95 4.2.5......................... 100 4.3...................... 100 4.3.1............................. 102 4.4........................... 103 4.5................................ 104 4.5.1....................... 105 4.5.2............................. 108 4.6............................ 109 4.6.1 showkeys................ 112 4.6.2 L A TEX................ 112 5 113 5.1................................ 113 5.2.............................. 113 5.2.1............................ 114 5.2.2.......................... 114 5.2.3............................ 114 5.2.4.......................... 115 5.2.5........................... 116 5.2.6...................... 117 5.3.............................. 117 5.4........................ 119 5.5......................... 121 5.5.1............................. 121 5.5.2............................ 122 5.5.3..................... 123 5.5.4........................ 124 5.5.5.............................. 126 5.6............................ 130 5.7.......................... 132 5.7.1.......................... 132

xi 5.7.2................ 134 5.7.3 latexsym.............. 136 5.8............................ 137 5.8.1................... 138 5.9........................... 139 5.9.1........................ 141 5.9.2....................... 141 5.9.3........................... 142 5.9.4........................ 143 5.9.5.................... 144 5.9.6.......................... 145 5.9.7................... 146 5.9.8.......................... 147 5.10................... 148 5.10.1.................... 148 5.10.2....................... 149 5.11 AMSL A TEX................... 150 5.11.1 AMSL A TEX................ 152 5.11.2 gather.......................... 154 5.11.3 split........................... 154 5.11.4 align, flalign, alignat................ 155 5.11.5 multline........................... 155 5.11.6.......................... 156 5.11.7........................ 158 5.11.8........................ 159 5.11.9...................... 160 5.11.10........................ 162 5.11.11........................... 164 5.11.12 AMSFonts.................... 165 5.12 txfonts/pxfonts....................... 165 6 171 6.1........................... 171

xii 6.2 L A TEX............................ 172 6.3................................... 173 6.3.1........................... 177 6.3.2 tabular................... 177 6.3.3 booktabs.............. 178 6.3.4 dcolumn.................... 179 6.3.5 multirow............... 180 6.3.6 longtable................. 181 6.3.7 tabularx................... 184 6.3.8....................... 185 6.4..................... 186 6.5........................ 187 6.5.1..................... 187 6.5.2.......................... 188 6.5.3................... 190 6.5.4.................. 192 6.5.5 Dvipdfmx EPS............. 193 6.5.6 PDF BoundingBox............. 194 6.5.7 dvips Dvipdfmx................... 196 6.5.8.............. 196 6.5.9................... 197 6.5.10..................... 197 6.6........................ 200 6.6.1...................... 200 6.6.2 labelfig............... 201 6.7.............................. 203 6.7.1.................... 203 6.7.2........................... 204 6.7.3 picture.................... 205 6.7.4 picture 1 epic.............. 208 6.7.5 picture 2 eepic............. 209 6.7.6 picture 3 pict2e............. 211 6.8....................... 211

xiii 6.8.1 Tpic........................ 212 6.8.2...................... 213 6.8.3 PSTricks............................ 215 6.8.4 Xy-pic............................. 217 6.8.5...................... 217 6.8.6.......................... 217 7 219 7.1............................ 219 7.2..................... 220 7.2.1.......................... 221 7.3................ 222 7.3.1 JBIBTEX....................... 222 7.3.2.................... 223 7.3.3...................... 224 7.3.4...................... 228 7.3.5.................... 230 7.3.6.......................... 232 7.3.7 cite.................... 234 7.3.8..................... 235 7.4.............................. 236 8 L A TEX 237 8.1..................... 237 8.1.1........................ 237 8.1.2 geometry............. 240 8.1.3 1................... 249 8.1.4 2 fancyhdr........... 250 8.1.5 /........................ 253 8.2............................ 253 8.3............................ 254 8.3.1.............................. 254 8.3.2 L A TEX.......................... 255

xiv 8.4...................... 255 8.5................ 257 8.6................................ 257 8.7................................. 259 8.7.1 3 multicol............... 260 8.8.................................. 263 8.9................................ 265 8.9.1........................... 265 8.9.2........................... 266 8.9.3........................... 267 8.9.4......................... 268 8.9.5.......................... 269 8.9.6........................... 269 8.9.7 2 fancybox................. 270 8.10.............................. 274 8.10.1........................ 274 8.10.2........................ 275 8.11............................... 276 8.11.1...................... 277 8.12.............................. 278 8.13..................... 279 8.14................................ 280 8.15.............................. 280 8.16 color........................... 281 8.16.1........................ 281 8.17 listings.................. 284 8.17.1........................... 286 8.17.2........................... 288 8.18 URL url.......................... 292 8.19 hyperref.................. 292 8.19.1...................... 293 8.20............................ 296 8.20.1 YaTEX................. 296

xv 8.20.2 Make................ 296 8.20.3 latexmk............................ 306 8.20.4 CVS.................... 306 8.21......................... 307 8.21.1 calc.................... 307 8.21.2 ifthen...................... 309 9 313 9.1...................... 313 9.2.......................... 318 9.2.1.............. 318 9.2.2............. 320 A 327 A.1 PDF TEX.............................. 327 A.2............................... 328 A.2.1.................... 332 A.3.......................... 333 A.4....................... 333 A.5.............................. 333 A.5.1 ptetex............................. 334 A.6............................. 336 A.6.1 Vine Linux........................... 336 B 339 B.1 L A TEX.................. 339 B.2 L A TEX............................. 342 B.2.1 1.......................... 342 B.2.2 2.......................... 343 B.2.3............................. 343 B.2.4......................... 344 B.2.5...................... 344 B.2.6 TEX....................... 344

xvi B.3............................. 345 B.3.1............................ 345 B.3.2............................ 345 B.3.3..................... 345 B.3.4........................... 346 B.4.............................. 346 B.4.1 CTAN Ring Server................ 346 B.4.2 L A TEX.............................. 347 B.4.3 L A TEX....................... 349 B.4.4........................ 350 B.5.............................. 351 C 353 D The Gnu Free Documentation License 355 D.1 Preamble............................... 355 D.2 Applicability and definitions..................... 355 D.3 Verbatim copying........................... 356 D.4 Copying in quantity......................... 356 D.5 Modifications............................. 357 D.6 Combining documents........................ 358 D.7 Collections of documents....................... 359 D.8 Aggregation with independent works................ 359 D.9 Translation.............................. 359 D.10 Termination.............................. 359 D.11 Future revisions of this license.................... 359 361 372

xvii 2.1.............................. 7 2.2 TEX4ht........................ 40 3.1........................ 77 6.1 longtable.................... 183 6.2 tabularx..................... 185 6.3 1..................... 200 6.4 labelfig........................... 203 6.5................. 205 6.6 Tpic............................ 212 6.7 METAPOST........................ 215 8.1.................. 238 8.2 multicol.................... 264 A.1.......................... 329 B.1 Ring Server......................... 348 2.1 Windows OS.................... 12 2.2 Unix OS..................... 13 2.3 Dvipdfmx.............. 33 3.1........................... 46 3.2 L A TEX....................... 48 3.3............................. 49 3.4 L A TEX.................... 56 3.5 SI............................ 57

xviii 3.6 10 n............................. 57 3.7............................... 61 3.8............................ 61 3.9............................. 67 3.10.......................... 72 3.11......................... 78 3.12........... 79 3.13....................... 80 3.14......................... 81 4.1....................... 99 4.2................. 106 4.3..................... 109 5.1................... 118 5.2 amssymb................... 118 5.3....................... 120 5.4......................... 121 5.5............................ 122 5.6........................ 123 5.7........................... 125 5.8...................... 125 5.9 array..................... 127 5.10 array.................... 128 5.11........................ 130 5.12............................ 132 5.13...................... 133 5.14............................ 133 5.15................................ 134 5.16.............................. 134 5.17.............................. 134 5.18........................... 135 5.19........................... 135

xix 5.20................................. 135 5.21........................... 136 5.22.................................. 136 5.23........................ 137 5.24 amsmath.......... 160 5.25 amsmath................... 160 5.26 amsmath................... 161 5.27 amsmath................ 161 5.28 amsxtra.............. 161 5.29 amsmath................... 162 5.30 AMSFonts...................... 165 5.31 AMSFonts...................... 166 5.32 AMSFonts.................... 167 5.33 AMSFonts....................... 167 5.34 AMSFonts..................... 167 5.35 AMSFonts.............. 168 5.36 AMSFonts...................... 168 5.37 AMSFonts................... 168 5.38.......................... 168 5.39 txfonts/pxfonts.............. 168 5.40 txfonts/pxfonts............... 169 5.41 txfonts/pxfonts.............. 169 5.42 txfonts/pxfonts.............. 169 5.43 txfonts/pxfonts.................... 169 5.44 txfonts/pxfonts.............. 170 6.1............................ 172 6.2.......................... 173 6.3 tabular.................... 174 6.4 tabular................... 175 6.5.............................. 176 6.6.............. 187

xx 7.1.............................. 229 7.2............................. 230 7.3................. 231 7.4 cite................... 235 8.1......................... 250 8.2....................... 251 8.3 textcomp....................... 258 8.4....................... 259 8.5 L A TEX............................ 272 8.6..................... 274 8.7................... 275 8.8........................... 276 8.9 L A TEX...................... 277 8.10.............................. 278 8.11 listings.................... 287 A.1.................... 328

1 1 L A TEX L A TEX 1.1 1 1 1.2 L A TEX

2 1 The length of a pen should be comrotable to write with: too long and it makes him tired; too short and it\ldots.\par When I was a young---a foolish boy---the pen was too long! So I used to break it. The length of a pen should be comrotable to write with: too long and it makes him tired; too short and it.... When I was a young a foolish boy the pen was too long! So I used to break it. em-dash \, Stop! the man said. \par Prof.~Albert Einstein (1897--1955) was born in German (see fig.~3). His famous equation $ E = mc^2 $ is written in the theory. Stop! the man said. Prof. Albert Einstein (1897 1955) was born in German (see fig. 3). His famous equation E = mc 2 is written in the theory. 1897 1955 en-dash 3 (see fig. 3) fig. 3 ~ = $$ agenda \leftarrow office $$ $$ \mathit{agenda} \leftarrow \mathit{office}$$ agenda office agenda office agenda office \mathit a, g, e, n, d, a o, f, f, i, c, e

1.3 TEX 3 L A TEX L A TEX OpenOffice.org Writer Microsoft Office Word L A TEX I (I ) L A TEX 1 1.3 TEX TEX [53] Donald Knuth TEX TEX 1.4 WYSIWYG WYSIWYG What You See Is What You Get TEX WYSIWYG

4 1 1.5 TEX 1.6 L A TEX TEX Leslie Lamport L A TEX L A TEX HTML <CENTER> </CENTER> <CENTER> </CENTER> \begin{center} \end{center} HTML L A TEX HTML TEX L A TEX TEX

1.7 LATEX 5 TEX/L A TEX TEX L A TEX ptex pl A TEX L A TEX L A TEX 2.09 L A TEX 2.09 L A TEX 2ε L A TEX L A TEX L A TEX 3 1 1.7 L A TEX L A TEX TEX *1 Windows *2 TEX 3 TEX TEX, dviout, Ghostscript, GSView, jsclasses L A TEX *3 Mac OS X MacOS X WorkShop *4 *5 MacWiki *6 Vine Linux apt-get install task-tetex TEX Fedora Core ptetex3 Fedora Core 5 RPM *7 *1 TEX texmf TEX *2 http://www.ms.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~abenori/ *3 http://www.klavis.info/texinstnew.html *4 http://www.bach-phys.ritsumei.ac.jp/osxws/ *5 X11 GUI Synaptic *6 http://macwiki.sourceforge.jp/ *7 http://tutimura.ath.cx/~nob/tex/ptetex/ptetex3/rpm/

6 1 L A TEX TEX Wiki *8 L A TEX *9 Emacs TEX TEX 2.4 *8 http://oku.edu.mie-u.ac.jp/~okumura/texwiki/ *9 TEX

7 2 LATEX L A TEX 2.1 L A TEX L A TEX 2.1.1 L A TEX L A TEX 2.1 1 2 3 2.1 L A TEX DVI L A TEX PDF pdfl A TEX 2006 4 pdfl A TEX

8 2 LATEX 1. L A TEX Emacs TEX/L A TEX Unix OS Emacs $ emacs filename.tex & Emacs 8.20 2.1 1 2. latex latex platex $ platex filename.tex 2.1 2 3. filename.tex filename.dvi L A TEX Unix OS $ xdvi filename.dvi & & dviout Windows 2.1 3

2.1 9 2.1.2 L A TEX 2 L A TEX L A TEX Emacs test.tex *1 Windows \ Y= \documentclass{jarticle} \begin{document} \LaTeX!! \end{document} Unix OS Emacs Emacs Emacs [ ]J.: Emacs: test.tex (LaTeX) [L1 All [ ] CTRL Y= [ ] [ ] *2 [ ] / Windows Unix OS *3 L A TEX Windows [ ] [] *1 *2 Shift + Space *3 Unix OS / /

10 2 LATEX command OK Windows $ platex test.tex This is ptex, Version 3.14159-p3.1.5 (euc) (Web2C 7.4.5) (./test.tex platex2e <2005/01/04>+0 (based on LaTeX2e <2001/06/01> patch level 0) (/usr/local/share/texmf/ptex/platex/base/jarticle.cls Document Class: jarticle 2002/04/09 v1.4 Standard platex class (/usr/local/share/texmf/ptex/platex/base/jsize10.clo)) No file test.aux. [1] (./test.aux) ) Output written on test.dvi (1 page, 236 bytes). Transcript written on test.log. *4 test.dvi test.log test.tex test.log TEX/L A TEX file.log (./test.tex (./test.tex (/usr/local/share/texmf/ptex/platex/base/jarticle.cls (/usr/local/share/texmf/ptex/platex/base/jsize10.clo) ) (./test.aux) ) test.tex jarticle.cls test.aux jarticle.cls jsize10.clo *4 TEX Donald Knuth 3.14159... π

2.1 11 [1] [ L A TEX 2 ls Windows dir $ ls test.* test.aux test.dvi test.log test.tex L A TEX test.tex file.aux file.dvi file.tex DVI file.log file.tex file.tex L A TEX 2.1.3 10 L A TEX # $ % & _ { } ~ ^ \ 3 < >

12 2 LATEX 13 \# \$ \% \& \_ \{ \} # $ % & _ { } \textasciitilde \textasciicircum \textbackslash \textbar \textless \textgreater ~ ^ \ < > 2.1 2.1.4 Windows 2.1 2.1 Windows OS mkdir /? [ ] [ ] mkdir cd Windows dir move copy del help 2.4 L A TEX Unix OS 1

2.1 13 2.2 $ mkdir --help less 2 less 2.2 Unix OS $ man mkdir $ info mkdir info less info mkdir cd ls mv cp rm help man Unix OS B Unix OS $ emacs file.tex & $ platex file.tex $ xdvi file.dvi & Unix OS - -- 2.2 Windows mv move ls dir / Y=

14 2 LATEX $ echo message1 >> file.txt $ echo message2 >> file.txt $ mkdir anydir $ cd anydir $ mv../file.txt./ $ ls $ more file.txt $ ls../ anydir file.txt anydir file.txt 2.1.5 L A TEX L A TEX? 2.3 errortest.tex \documentclass{jarticle} \begin{document} Hello & Goodbye! Give me $100! Give me 100%! Under_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing #? No its \#. Hello \& Goodbye!! \end{document} error.tex platex error! Misplaced alignment tab character &. 1.3 Hello & Goodbye! Give me $100! Give me 100%?? 3 & Enter

2.1 15! You can t use macro parameter character # in math mode. l.4 Under_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing #? 2 # 1 Enter! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $ l.6 \end{document}? $ 3 6 1 Hello \& Goodbye! Give me \$100! Give me 100%! Under_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing \#? No its \#. Hello \& Goodbye!! 3 & $ 4 # \! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $ l.4 Under_ bar is stranger. Is sharp sing \#?? $ 4 _ $ Enter! Missing $ inserted. <inserted text> $ l.6 \end{document}?

16 2 LATEX Overfull \hbox (152.35132pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 3--6 []\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 Hello & Good-bye! Give me $100! Give me 100Under$[]\OML/cmm/m/it/10 arisstranger:issharpsing \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 #?\OML/cmm/m/it/10 Noits[]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 # \OML/cmm/m/it/10 :Hello\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 &\OML/cmm/m/it/10 Goodbye\OT1/cmr/m/n/10!!$ Overfull \hbox DVI error.dvi <inserted text> $ L A TEX $ b r Give me 100Under b %! Under errortest.tex Hello \& Goodbye! Give me \$100! Give me 100\%! Under\_bar is stranger. Is sharp sing \#? No its \#. Hello \& Goodbye!! L A TEX?? Type <return> to proceed, S to scroll future error messages, R to run without stopping, Q to run quietly, I to insert something, E to edit your file, 1 or... or 9 to ignore the next 1 to 9 tokens of input, H for help, X to quit.?? Enter S R L A TEX Enter

2.1 17 Q Q I H X 2 X Enter * Enter * (Please type a command or say \end ) \end{document} *5 2.1.6 OS Windows dviout Unix OS xdvi Red Hat Fedora Core pxdvi file.dvi Windows dviout Unix OS xdvi file.dvi xdvi $ xdvi file.dvi & Unix OS & DVI dviout *5

18 2 LATEX xdvi xdvi Quit Abort Quit Reread First Prev Next Last View PS File xdvi file.dvi PostScript DVI Quit DVI DVI PostScript Windows dvipsk $ dvips -o test.ps test.dvi test.dvi test.ps test.ps $ ps2pdf test.ps test.pdf PDF test.pdf Postscript test.ps $ lpr -P test.ps.tex $ platex test L A TEX test.tex

2.1 19 L A TEX L A TEX Kpathsearch test.tex platex test Kpathsearch texmf.cnf $texmf/web2c/ $texmf L A TEX Unix OS /usr/local/share/texmf/ Windows C:Y=usrY=localY=shareY=texmfY= $ kpsewhich texmf.cnf texmf.cnf 2 L A TEX Kpathsearch kpsewhich less kpsewhich book.cls book.cls $texmf less Kpathsearch jarticle.cls kpsewhich jarticle.cls -progname kpsewhich -progname=platex jarticle.cls pl A TEX jarticle.cls 2.1.7 L A TEX () \documentclass[,... ]{ }[ ] ( ) \begin{document} ( ) \end{document} \documentclass document

20 2 LATEX document L A TEX *6 Windows \alpha \maketitle \begin{ } \end{ } \begin{center} \end{center} { } \section{ } [ ] \documentclass[ ]{ } 2.1.8 L A TEX *6

2.2 LATEX 21 file.tex input.foo output.bar 2 2.2 L A TEX L A TEX..dtx 1.cls 2.cls,... n.cls.dtx.sty.ins classes.dtx.sty.cls

22 2 LATEX.clo.fd.tex.bib.bst.eps.ist L A TEX BIBTEX Adobe PostScript L A TEX.log L A TEX.aux 1.dvi L A TEX.toc.lof.lot.bbl BIBTEX thebibliography.blg BIBTEX.idx MakeIndex mendex.ind makeindex theindex.ilg makeindex

2.3 23.jpg.bmp Windows.png Dvipdfm.bb L A TEX ebb CreateBB.mp METAPOST 2 2.3 L A TEX 2.3.1 L A TEX \documentclass[,... ]{ }[ ] ( ) \begin{document} ( ) \end{document} \documentclass filecontents \begin{filecontents}{ } \end{filecontents} filecontents EPS EPS * \begin{filecontents*}{< >} %!PS-Adobe-2.0...

24 2 LATEX \end{filecontents*} 2.3.2 filecontents \documentclass \documentclass[,... ]{ }[ ] 3.22.1 YYYY/MM/DD 2003 12 31 jarticle \documentclass[11pt,a4j]{jarticle}[2003/12/31] 2003 12 31 L A TEX warning LaTeX Warning: You have requested, on input line 1, version 2003/12/31 of document class jarticle, but only version 2002/04/09 v1.4 Standard platex class is available. 3.22.3 \usepackage \usepackage[,... ]{ }[ ] \usepackage \documentclass L A TEX

2.3 25 Dvipdfmx graphicx \usepackage[dvipdfmx]{graphicx}[2001/01/01] 2 2 3 1 \documentclass[10pt,a4paper,twocolumn]{article} 10pt a4paper twocolumn, graphicx amsmath makeidx \usepackage{graphicx,amsmath,makeidx} \documentclass[a4j]{jarticle} \usepackage[dvipdfmx]{graphicx} \usepackage[dvipdfmx,usenames]{color} \begin{document} \end{document} \documentclass[dvipdfmx,a4j]{jarticle} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage[usenames]{color} \usepackage L A TEX \listfiles

26 2 LATEX \listfiles file.log 2.4 listfile.tex \documentclass{jbook} \listfiles \begin{document} test \end{document} jbook pldefs.ltx kinsoku.tex jsize10.clo 2.4 TEX TEX (obsolete) Unix OS TEX Unix OS Vine Linux TEX *7 Emacs L A TEX YaTEX Emacs *8 L A TEX Tgif Unix OS Gnuplot Unix OS *7 http://www.vinelinux.org/ *8 http://www.yatex.org/

2.5 27 Make Makefile L A TEX 2 EasyTEX Windows *9 L A TEX EasyTEX * 10 TEX Wiki * 11 TEXShop Mac OS X Richard Koch * 12 PDF EasyTEX TEXShop 2.5 L A TEX 2.5.1 L A TEX *9 http://www.juen.ac.jp/math/nakagawa/nakagawa.html *10 http://www.klavis.info/etexinst.html *11 http://cise.edu.mie-u.ac.jp/~okumura/texwiki/?easytex *12 http://www.uoregon.edu/~koch/texshop/

28 2 LATEX DVI DVI Device Independent DVI DVI DVI file.dvi.dvi PostScript Adobe 1.3 Unix OS PostScript PostScript PS.ps file.ps.gz PostScript PostScript EPS Encapsulated PostScript PDF PDF Portable Document Format Adobe Post- Script 2006 4 1.6 1.3 PDF 2006 4 L A TEX PDF pdfl A TEX HTML HTML HyperText Markup Language Hyper Link HTML HTML XHTML L A TEX PDF PDF

2.5 29 2.5.2 L A TEX DVI DVI DeVice Independent L A TEX DVI platex L A TEX L A TEX filename.tex DVI filename.dvi 2 $ platex filename.tex pl A TEX * 13 L A TEX L A TEX 2.09 platex209 $ platex209 oldfile.tex L A TEX 2ε L A TEX 2ε L A TEX 2.09 L A TEX file.tex \documentclass L A TEX 2ε \documentstyle L A TEX 2.09 L A TEX 2.09 \usepackage \documentstyle \documentstyle[url,mysetting,...]{jarticle} DVI DVI Windows dviout Unix OS xdvi Red Hat Fedora Core pxdvi Mac OS X Mxdvi DVI *13 NTT JLATEX

30 2 LATEX 2.5.3 DVI PDF Dvipdfmx Adobe PDF PDF Portable Document Format PDF PDF Adobe Reader Windows Foxit Software Company Foxit Reader Mac OS X Unix OS Xpdf Mark Wicks Dvipdfm [86] DVI PDF Dvipdfm Dvipdfmx Project Team Dvipdfmx Dvipdfm Dvipdfmx Dvipdfmx PDF HyperTEX Tpic JPEG PNG EPS EPDF, BMP (BMP 2005 8 ) PDF Dvipdfmx Dvipdfm -c -f -m -p -o file.dvi file.pdf -p. a4 letter, a6, a5, a4, a3, b5, b5, b4, b3, b5var

2.5 31 \AtBeginDvi{\special{pdf:papersize width 210mm height 270mm}} jsclasses papersize \documentclass[papersize]{jsarticle} 2 -l landscape -s -s 3-5,10-20 3 5 10 20 PDF -s 15-15 -s -,- -r PDF 600 dpi -V PDF 2 5 -x 1.0in mm cm in pt -y 1.0in -x -z 0 9 9 9 0 -v 2 $ dvipdfmx -v file.dvi 2>file.xlg -vv DVI 15 20 PDF $ dvipdfmx -c -s 15-20 -o output.pdf input.dvi

32 2 LATEX.dvi $ dvipdfmx input PDF Adobe Reader Acrobat Reader Dvipdfmx DVI Unable to open output.pdf 1 PDF Dvipdfmx * 14 ChineseJapaneseKorean 16 Unicode CID PDF PDF Dvipdfm Dvipdfm Dvipdfmx * 15 Dvipdfmx -S PDF -K PDF 40 128 40 -P PDF -p, a4 20cm,20cm Dvipdfmx -P PDF 2.3 0x04 0x20 2.3 16 10 16 0x04 0x08 10 12 16 0x0C dvipdfmx -S -P 0x0C input.dvi dvipdfmx -S -P 0x28 input.dvi dvipdfmx -S -P 0x3C input.dvi *14 http://project.ktug.or.kr/dvipdfmx/ *15 -e

2.5 33 2.3 Dvipdfmx 0x04 0x08 0x10 0x20 2 0x28 0x3C PDF * 16 pl A TEX DVI Dvipdfmx PDF Dvipdfmx EPS PostScript L A TEX Ghostscript PDF Ghostscript Dvipdfmx $texmf/fonts/map/dvipdfm/base/ $texmf/dvipdfm/config/ cid-x.map cid-x.map Map Map $ kpsewhich -progname=platex -expand-path= $CMAPINPUTS cid-x.map rml gbm *16 dvips PostScript ps2pdf PDF

34 2 LATEX * 17 rml H Ryumin-Light gbm H GothicBBB-Medium rmlv V Ryumin-Light gbmv V GothicBBB-Medium rml H, Ryumin-Light * 18 rml/rmlv gbm/gbmv H/V rmlv gbmv H V Ryumin-Light Dvipdfmx Ryumin-Light * 19 PDF GothicBBB-Medium GothicBBB-Medium GRASS (i18n) * 20 (IPA ) * 21 rml H ipam.ttf rmlv V ipam.ttf *17 Dvipdfmx *18 *19 Ryumin-Light L L-KL GothicBBB-Medium M BBB ptex *20 http://www.grass-japan.org/foss4g/readme-grass-i18n-ipafonts.eucjp.htm *21 IPA 2006 4 Unix OS TrueType PDF IPA

2.5 35 gbm H ipag.ttf gbmv V ipag.ttf ipa.map Map * 22 dvipdfmx -f ipa.map file.dvi IPA PDF 2 PDF PDF Xpdf * 23 PDF pdftops pdfimages pdftotext pdfinfo pdffonts PDF PostScript PDF $ pdfiamges filename.pdf dir/ dir ppm pbm PDF ASCII PDF PDF file.pdf PDF pdffonts file.pdf name type emb sub uni object ID ----------------------------------- ------------ --- --- --- --------- Times-Roman Type 1 no no no 7 0 GothicBBB-Medium-Identity-H CID Type 0 no no no 9 0 *22 mktexlsr *23 http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/

36 2 LATEX name type emb sub uni Helvetica Type 1 no no no 10 0 Ryumin-Light-Identity-H CID Type 0 no no no 12 0 Times-Italic Type 1 no no no 13 0 FRZWWS+txsy Type 1C yes yes yes 14 0 EPSMLX+t1xtt Type 1C yes yes yes 15 0 Times-Bold Type 1 no no no 16 0 LEPUME+rtxmi Type 1C yes yes yes 23 0 CACNFM+rtxsc Type 1C yes yes yes 32 0 Helvetica-Oblique Type 1 no no no 65 0 UQXVYG+rtxr Type 1C yes yes yes 66 0 object ID PDF FRZWWS+txsy + Type1, CID Type0, TrueType, Type1 Collection Type3 yes no PDF PDF ID PDF pdfinfo $ pdfinfo file.pdf Title: How to Write Your Own Thesis Tutorial with LaTeX2e Subject: For University Students and Researchers Keywords: TeX, LaTeX, LaTeX2e, ptex, platex, platex2e, FUNNIST Author: FUNNIST Creator: platex2e with hyperref packages Producer: dvipdfmx (20040914(cvs)) CreationDate: Wed Oct 13 14:02:46 2004 Tagged: no Pages: 176 Encrypted: no

2.5 37 Page size: 515.91 x 728.5 pts File size: 1733518 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.4 2 Title Subject Keywords Author PDF Creator Producer PDF CreationDate PDF Tagged Pages Encrypted 2.5.3 Page size [pt] File size [byte] Optimized PDF version PDF Xpdf PDF PostScript pdftops pdftops file.pdf file.ps PDF pdftotext pdftotext file.pdf file.txt * 24 Xpdf Sid Steward PDFtk * 25 Windows GUI PDFtk GUI for PDFTK * 26 PDFtk [28] Hans Hagen ConTEXt texexec *24 *25 http://www.accesspdf.com/pdftk/ *26 http://www.clubic.com/telecharger-fiche13148-gui-for-pdftk.html

38 2 LATEX PDF 2.5.4 DVI PostScript dvips Adobe PostScript PostScript PostScript L A TEX PostScript PostScript Ghostscript Tomas Rokicki Karl Berry Kpathsearch dvips DVI PostScript dvips Windows dvipsk Unix OS dvips Red Hat pdvips $ dvips file.dvi -o $ dvips -o file.ps file.dvi.dvi dvips -D dpi -o -t a0 a8 b0 b8 -T, 21cm,27cm \AtBeginDvi{\special{papersize=210mm,270mm}} -A -B

2.5 39 -p L A TEX -l L A TEX -pp L A TEX 11,21-35 -r -P config.ps Windows config.dl $ dvips -P dl -o filename.ps filename.dvi 2 DVI EPS $ dvipsk -E -Pdl -pp14 -o outp14.eps input EPS outp14.eps EPS 2.5 L A TEX file.dvi dvips file.ps PostScript Angus Duggan psutils psutils 2.5.5 TEX HTML TEX4ht L A TEX HTML WWW HTML Unix OS L A TEX2HTML TtH Eitan Gurari TEX4ht L A TEX2HTML TEX4ht HTML NTT TEX JTEX ImageMagick TEX4ht ImageMagick Windows

40 2 LATEX Unix OS tex4ht \usepackage[html,charset=shift_jis,png]{tex4ht} ht jlatex file file.html PNG * 27 ht cleanup HTML output-name= output-dir= 2.6 ht $ jlatex file.tex $ jlatex file.tex $ jlatex file.tex $ tex4ht file.tex file.dvi file.html $ t4ht file.tex file.css ht 2.2 TEX tex4ht t4ht file.tex file.dvi file.idv file.lg file.png file.css file.htm 2.2 TEX4ht tex4ht $ htlatex filename "html,charset=shift_jis,png" *27 ImageMagick

2.5 41 j-article j-report j-book $texmf/tex/generic/tex4ht/ 2 $ cp article.cls j-article.cls $ cp report.cls j-report.cls $ cp book.cls j-book.cls j-classes \documentclass[11pt]{j-report} tex4ht html tex4ht HTML html XHTML xhtml charset= fonts+ fn-in png Shift_JIS GIF gif GIF GIF PNG PNG PNG JPEG jpg imgdir: / pic-m HTML tex4ht pic-m+ equation pic-equation pic-eqnarray pic-matrix pic-array pic-align

42 2 LATEX pic-eqnarray section+ next htm eqnarray eqnarray 1 4 HTML L A TEX DVI PDF HTML HTML 8.htm OS HTML ISO9660 CD-R \usepackage[html,charset=shift_jis,fonts+,fn-in,png,imgdir:images/, pic-m,pic-eqnarray,info]{tex4ht} tex4ht tex4ht \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx,color} \usepackage{url} hyperref \usepackage{ } \usepackage[ ]{tex4ht} \usepackage[tex4ht]{hyperref} \S \P \pounds \OE \ae \AE \aa \AA \ss \l \L \o \O \i \j?! \textvisiblespace \textless \textgreater iso-8859-1 uhtlatex Unicode

2.5 43 Unicode tex4ht <P> \Picture 2 \Picture[ ]{ } \Picture+ \EndPicture \Picture+{ }{ }\EndPicture hoge.jpg HTML \Picture[hoge ]{hoge.jpg} tabular \usepackage[html,png]{tex4ht} \Picture+[ ]{mytable.png} \begin{tabular}{ c c c } \LaTeX\,2.09& \LaTeXe& \LaTex3\\ \end{tabular} \EndPicture HTML \HCode HTML \HCode{<HR><BR><BR><BR><BR>} hoge document hoge \ConfigureEnv{hoge} {\IgnorePar\EndP\Tg<div class="pic-hoge">\picture*{}} {\EndPicture\Tg</div>}{}{} \Css{div.pic-hoge { }} %\ConfigureEnv{hoge*}% % {\IgnorePar\EndP\Tg<div class="pic-hoge-star">\picture*{}} % {\EndPicture\Tg</div>}{}{} %\Css{div.pic-hoge-star { }}

44 2 LATEX picture L A TEX ht htlatex tex4html PATH #!/bin/sh jlatex $1 jbibtex $1 jlatex $1 jtex "\def\filename{{$1}{idx}{4dx}{ind}} \input idxmake.4ht" jmakeindex -o $1.ind $1.4dx jlatex $1 jlatex $1 tex4ht $1 t4ht $1 $2 tex4html test HTML Windows $1 %1 test.idx tex4ht NTT JTEX mendex jmakeindex $ jtex "\def\filename{{file}{idx}{4dx}{ind}} \input idxmake.4ht" $ jmakeindex -o file.ind file.4dx mendex tex4html t4ht $ tex4html test "-p" \Link hyperref url \usepackage[html,charset=shift_jis]{tex4ht} \usepackage[tex4th]{hyperref} \href{http://www.google.co.jp}{google} Google \begin{quote} \url{http://www.google.co.jp} \end{quote}

45 3 L A TEX L A TEX 3.1 (document) (title) (\author) (\date) (\title) (contents) (headline) (paragraph) (indentation) 1 (punctuation) (note)

46 3 (word) (character) (sentence) (paragraph) (section) (chapter) (part) (letter) 3.1 letter word sentence paragraph section chapter part L A TEX L A TEX 3.2 (title) (author) (date) \title{ } \author{ } \date{ } L A TEX \begin{document} \maketitle \documentclass{jarticle} \title{ \LaTeX} \author{ } \date{2004 3 30 } \begin{document} \maketitle {\LaTeX} \end{document}

3.2 47 L A TEX 3 2004 3 30 L A TEX... 3.1 \and \thanks \author{ \thanks{ } \and \thanks{ }\and \thanks{ }} 3.2 \author{ \\ \\ name@server.ac.jp} 3.1 \thanks \and \author{ \thanks{ name@server.ac.jp}} 3.3 \author{ \\ \\ \and \\ \\ \and \\ \\ } \and \\ 3.4

48 3 \begin{center} {\LARGE \textbf{ \LaTeX }}\\[2em] {\large }\\[1em] {2004 3 30 }\\[1em] \end{center} \maketitle 3.3 (sectioning) (contents) (nested sections) (abstract) 3.3.1 L A TEX 3.2 3.2 L A TEX \part[ ]{ } \chapter[ ]{ } \section[ ]{ } \subsection[ ]{ } \subsubsection[ ]{ } \paragraph[ ]{ } \subparagraph[ ]{ } article jarticle \section (serial number)

3.4 49 [ ] L A TEX \chapter{ } \section{ } \chapter{ } \section{ } 3.3.2 \subsection{} 1 1.1 2 2.1 2.1.1 3 3.3 \part -1 0 \chapter 0 \section 1 \subsection 2 \subsubsection 3 \paragraph 4 \subparagraph 4 (j)article L A TEX (part) (chapter) (section) (subsection) (subsubsection) (paragraph) (subparagraph) (j)article 3.4 L A TEX

50 3 \tableofcontents \listoffigures \listoftables [Contents] [List of Figures] [List of Tables] 2 mokuji.tex \documentclass{jarticle} \begin{document} \tableofcontents% \section{ } \subsection{ } \section{ } \subsection{ } \end{document} mokuji.tex mokuji.dvi No file mokuji.aux. No file mokuji.toc. [1] (./mokuji.aux) ) No File mokuji.aux mokuji.toc mokuji.aux \relax \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{section}{\numberline{1} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{1.1} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{section}{\numberline{2} }{1}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{2.1} }{1}} mokuji.toc mokuji.toc mokuji.aux

3.4 51 \contentsline{section}{\numberline{1} }{1} \contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{1.1} }{1} \contentsline{section}{\numberline{2} }{1} \contentsline{subsection}{\numberline{2.1} }{1} 1 mokuji.tex (d:/usr/local/share/texmf/ptex/platex/base/jarticle.cls Document Class: jarticle 2004/02/25 ) (./mokuji.aux) (./mokuji.toc) [1] (./mokuji.aux) ) 3 mokuji.aux mokuji.toc mokuji.dvi 1 1 1.1........................................................... 1 1 1 1.1........................................................... 1 3.4.1 tocdepth 3.3 jsbook \chapter \secounter{tocdepth}{0} (j)book (j)report 2 (j)article 3 jsbook 1 3.4.2 secnumdepth secnumdepth 3.3 \subsection

52 3 \setcounter{secnumdepth}{2} 3.5 (abstract) (j)article abstract abstract \maketitle \maketitle \maketitle \begin{abstract} \end{abstract} (j)report \chapter* \chapter * \chapter*{ }\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{ } jsbook abstract (j)book \frontmatter \chapter \begin{document} \frontmatter% \chapter{ } \mainmatter% \chapter{ }

3.6 53 3.6 (indentation) L A TEX 1 3 *1 \par \par \par \par L A TEX L A TEX \parindent \parindent = 3zw 3 *1 1947 5 3 1 3

54 3 3.6.1 \indent \noindent \indent \noindent jreport indentfirst \usepackage{indentfirst} \noindent \indent \par \noindent 3.5 L A TEX \parskip \parindent = 0pt % \parskip = 10pt plus 0pt minus 0pt 3.6.2 indent quote quotation indent *2 indentation \begin{indentation}{ }{ } \end{indentation} *2 CTAN: macros/latex209/contrib/misc/indent.sty

3.6 55 indentation \begin{indentation}{3zw}{3zw} 3 3 \end{indentation} \begin{indentation}{0zw}{5zw} \end{indentation} 3 3 3 3.6.3 Geoffrey Tobin setspace *3 \singlespacing \onehalfspacing 1.5 \doublespacing 2 \begin{spacing}{ } \end{spacing} spacing \usepackage{setspace} \singlespacing \par \par \doublespacing \par 2 \par \begin{spacing}{.8} \par 0.8 \par \end{spacing} 2 0.8 *3 doublespace \baselinestretch

第 3 章 文章 書 方 56 長 3.7 H 3.7.1 先 単位 単位 取 決 LATEX 何 変数 記述 数値 代入 使用 長 時 単位 pt 単位 表 3.4 色々 使 LATEX 変 奥村晴彦氏 \parindent=0pt 絶対的 長 若干 違 10pt 以外 jsclasses 表 3.4 LATEX 使用 読 in cm mm pt em ex zw 1 in = 25.4 mm = 72.27 pt 1 cm = 10 mm = 28.3 pt 1 mm = 2.83 pt 1 pt = 0.35 mm M 字 幅 同 使用中 依存 x 字 高 同 使用中 依存 日本語 一文字 幅 使用中 依存 補足 数値 概算 場合 紙面 拡大縮小 使 付 H 3.7.2 長 指定 表 3.6 数値 単位 間 従 各単位 truecm 体 記号 修飾子 複数表記 正 3\,g 1024 修飾子 10 24 掲載 *4 修飾子 使用 半角程度 空白 挿入 3\,mkg 3 他 cm 単位 使 方 単位 接頭語 *4 実際 長 単位 例 単位 基本的 国際単位 SI 3\,mkg ( ) 指定 主 単位 単位 true 体 表記 数値 単位 間 半角程度 空白 挿入 3 mkg 3 子 複数表記 正 3g (Y Z P T G M k m µ n p f a z y) 修飾 3 mkg ( ) 頻繁 用

3.8 57 3.5 SI length l m meter mass m kg kilogram time t s second amount of substance n mol mole electric current I A ampere thermodynamic T K kelvin temperature luminous intensity I cd candela 3 3.6 10 n 10 n 10 12 10 9 10 6 10 3 10 3 10 6 10 9 10 12 T G M k m µ n p * tera giga mega kilo milli micro nano pico * (µ) textcomp \textmu 3.8 (punctuation) The length of a pen should be comrotable to write with: too long and it makes him tired; too short and it\ldots.\par Prof.~Albert Einstein (1897--1955) was born in German (see fig.~3). The length of a pen should be comrotable to write with: too long and it makes him tired; too short and it.... Prof. Albert Einstein (1897 1955) was born in German (see fig. 3).

58 3 I wish I could. I wish I could 10\,m 10 m,.

3.9 59 1 3 3.9 (note) L A TEX 2 \footnote \marginpar \footnote \footnote{ } L A TEX \footnote *5 \footnote {Fourier Translation} \ldots a... a Fourier Translation 3.10 (underline) (emphasis) L A TEX \emph \emph{english Emphasize} \emph{} English Emphasize \em 4.2.2 *5

60 3 L A TEX \emph \textit \em \/ \emph{future University-Hakodate} is interesting.\par {\em FUN\/} is funky?\par {\em FUN} is not funky? Future University-Hakodate is interesting. FUN is funky? FUN is not funky? 3.11 L A TEX \ \ { } $ & # ^ _ ~ % < > 13 2.1.3 3.11.1 3.7 * fontenc T1 3.8 i j 3.7 \i \j J\"org {mu\ss} ein Gel\"ande f\"ur seine Fabrik erwerben. Jörg muß ein Gelände für seine Fabrik erwerben. 3.12 L A TEX (white space)

3.13 61 3.7 å \aa ø \o \dag Ð \DJ «\guillemotleft Å \AA Ø \O \ddag ŋ \ng» \guillemotright æ \ae ı \i \pounds Ŋ \NG \guilsinglleft Æ \AE j \j! þ \th \guilsinglright œ \oe ß \ss? Þ \TH \quotedblbase Œ \OE ß \SS ð \dh \quotesinglbase ł \l \S Ð \DH " \textquotedbl Ł \L \P đ \dj 3 3.8 ü \"u ā \={a} à \ {a} ạ \d{a} ǎ \v{a} o \r{o} é \ {e} a \H{a} ā \b{a} ǫ \k{o} ñ \~{n} ȧ \.{a} ô \^{o} ç \c{c} ĭ \u{ı} oo \t{oo}.. 3.13 % % comment Victor Eijkhout comment \usepackage{comment} % \begin{comment} \end{comment}

62 3 3.14 (verbatim) \verb \verb+ + verbatim \begin{verbatim} \end{verbatim} \verb #include<stdio.h>... \begin{verbatim} int main( void ){ int foo = 0x7E; printf("%c\n", foo); } \end{verbatim} #include<stdio.h>... int main( void ){ int foo = 0x7E; printf("%c\n", foo); } \verb verbatim \verb * \verb 2323 ^_^;, \verb9 () 9. \verb* 1 3 5, \verb*9ok? ok?9. \begin{verbatim*} int main( void ){ printf("hello, World!\n"); } \end{verbatim*} 2323 ^_^;, (). 1 3 5, ok? ok?. int main( void ){ printf("hello, World!\n"); } 3.14.1 1 alltt Johannes Braams alltt \ { }

3.15 63 alltt \usepackage{alltt} \begin{alltt} {\em This is emphasized}. Dollar $x$ is not allowed, but {\LaTeX s} math environment \(\int f(x)dx\) is OK!! \end{alltt} This is emphasized. Dollar $x$ is not allowed, but L A TEX s math environment R f(x)dx is OK!! 3 3.14.2 2 cmtt \texttt \ttfamily \verb Mark Wooding cmtt \textmtt{ } \mttfamily \mtt{ } \mtt L A TEX \ \\ { \{ } \} _ \_ ^ \^ $ \$ % \% & \& # \# ~ \~ " \" \ \ \begin{minipage}{.9\linewidth} \texttt{\{foo\} \& bar}\par \textmtt{\{foo\} \& bar }% \footnote{\mtt{\\ttfamily\{any\}}} \end{minipage} {foo} & bar {foo} & bar a a \ttfamily{any} 3.15

64 3 quote quotation 2 Shift @ Shift 7 L A TEX Shift + 2 " Word L A TEX 1 quote quotation quote quotation \begin{quote} quote \end{quote} \begin{quotation} quotation \end{quotation} " " " " quote \begin{quote} quotation \end{quote} quote quotation

3.15 65 FUN: Future University-Hakodate FUNNIST FUNNIST FUN FUN: Future University-Hakodate FUNNIST FUNNIST FUN 3 L A TEX \newcommand{\qu}[1]{ #1 }% \newcommand{\qq}[1]{ #1 }% 1 \newcommand{\yo}[1]{ #1 }% \newcommand{\yy}[1]{ #1 }% 1 \yo \yy \newcommand{\yo}[1]{ #1 }% \newcommand{\yy}[1]{ #1 }% 1 \yo{ \qu{i think, therefore I am.} } I think, therefore I am. 3.15.1 \emph \emph{ }

66 3 2004 \emph{natural} 2004 Natural \yousyo \wasyo \newcommand{\yousyo}[1]{\emph{#1}}% \newcommand{\wasyo}[1]{ #1 }% 3.15.2 4 en-dash 10 30 em-dash en-dash - okumacro 3.9 When I was a young---a little dog---i could read about 100--200 books in a day. This is a just fairy-tale. When I was a young a little dog I could read about 100 200 books in a day. This is a just fairy-tale. 1

3.15 67 3.9 en-dash -- em-dash --- \ \ - - $-$ 3 {\TeX} \mbox{for-each} Perl \mbox{foreach} \mbox{x-ray} Future \mbox{university-hakodate} \mbox{if-then} TEX for-each Perl foreach X-ray Future University-Hakodate if-then 3.15.3 L A TEX \hyphenation{ } \- \- Ghost\-script \hyphenation \hyphenation{ghost-script Post-Script} George Johnson and George Brahms always say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, they always say super\-cali\- fragilistic\-expiali\-docious, and Robert sometimes say \mbox {supercalifragilisticexpialidocious}. George Johnson and George Brahms always say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious, they always say supercali fragilisticexpialidocious, and Robert sometimes say supercalifragilisticexpialidocious. super \mbox

68 3 3.15.4 (line break) \ Windows Y= \\ 3.15 \\*[ ] \newline \par \newline \\ \par \parindent \verb \\ \\ \\[1cm] \par \newline \\ 3.16 (space) 3.16.1

3.16 69 TEX (ligature) (kerning) The files were found in a folder and were shuffled by anyone.\par The f{}iles were found in a folder and were shuf{}f{}led by anyone. The files were found in a folder and were shuffled by anyone. The files were found in a folder and were shuffled by anyone. 3 fl ffl My name is Thor. L A TEX I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. I wish I could. I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. I wish I could. Mr. Right N.Y. I N.Y. D. E. \ \@ I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. Let me do.\par I want to be a Mr.\ Right and go to N.Y\@. Let me do. I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. Let me do. I want to be a Mr. Right and go to N.Y. Let me do. L A TEX

70 3 L A TEX (letter space) (word space) \ (sentence space) \@ (leading) (paragraph skip) \par 3.16.2 ~ Mr.~Sato read page~10 and looked at fig.~3 and table~2 in the book. Mr. Sato read page 10 and looked at fig. 3 and table 2 in the book. Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. \par \, Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. \, Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. Hello is a fine greeting and I always say Hello. 3.16.3 TEX 4 1 \mbox

3.17 71 good \par \mbox{}good\mbox{}. good good. L A TEX TEX TEX 3 \LaTeX \TeX \\ \LaTeX\ \TeX \\ {\LaTeX} {\TeX} \\ {\LaTeX} {\TeX}\\ L A TEX TEX L A TEX TEX L A TEX TEX L A TEX TEX \TeX and \LaTeX are famous.\\ {\TeX} and {\LaTeX} are popular. TEXand L A TEXare famous. TEX and L A TEX are popular. \TeX \TeX 8.15 xspace 3.17 3.10 center 1 flushright flushleft

72 3 3.10 flushleft \raggedright center \centering flushright \raggedleft \begin{flushleft} \\ \end{flushleft} \begin{center} \\ \\ \end{center} \begin{flushright} \\ flushright \end{flushright} flushright \begin{flushright} \\ 2004 3 31 \end{flushright} \begin{flushleft} \end{flushleft} \begin{flushright} \\ \end{flushright} \begin{center} \end{center}

3.18 73 2004 \begin{flushright} \end{flushright} 2004 3 31 3 2004 3.18 itemize enumerate 1 (a) i A description \item (nest) itemize \item itemize \item[\#]

74 3 \begin{itemize} \item. \item[*]. \begin{itemize} \item. \end{itemize} \end{itemize}. *.. \begin{enumerate} \item. \item. \begin{description} \item[ 1] 1. \item[ 2] 2. \end{description} \end{enumerate} 1.. 2.. 1 1. 2 2. 3.18.1 enumerate enumerate David Carlisle enumerate \Alph, \alph, \Roman, \roman, \arabic ( ) A = \Alph a = \alph 1 = \arabic I = \Roman i = \roman { } (Exmaple, A )

3.19 75 \usepackage{okumacro,graphicx} \usepackage{enumerate} \begin{enumerate}[{ } 1] \item\label{exe:a} \begin{enumerate}[{ \ref{exe:a}}-1] \item \item \end{enumerate} \item \item \end{enumerate} 1 1-1 1-2 2 3 3 okumacro \MARU enumerate \labelenumi \begin{enumerate} \renewcommand\labelenumi{\maru{\arabic{enumi}}} \item \TeX \item \LaTeX\,2.09 \item \LaTeXe \item \LaTeX\,3 \end{enumerate} 3.19 3.6 file.tex 2 \documentclass[a4j]{jsarticle} \title{ \LaTeX}% \author{ }% \date{\today}% \begin{document}% \maketitle% \tableofcontents% \section{ }% \verb \section \subsection{ }% \verb \subsection

76 3 % \section{ } \subsection{ } \begin{quote} \verb quotation \emph{ }\verb quotation \end{quote} \subsection{ } \begin{description} \item[ ] \item[ ] \item[ ] \end{description} \end{document} 3.1 3.20 (character) (typeface) L A TEX

3.20 77 L A TEX 3 2006 2 20 1 1 1.1............................................. 1 2 1 2.1................................................ 1 2.2.............................................. 1 1 \section 1.1 \subsection 2 2.1 quote quotation 2.2 1 3.1

78 3 3.20.1 L A TEX 3.11 4.2.2 { } 3.11 \tiny \scriptsize \footnotesize \small \normalsize \large \Large \LARGE \huge \Huge {\scriptsize } {\Large } \kyocho

3.20 79 3.12 \ 10 pt 11 pt 12 pt \tiny 5 pt 6 pt 6 pt \scriptsize 7 pt 8 pt 8 pt \footnotesize 8 pt 9 pt 10 pt \small 9 pt 10 pt 11 pt \normalsize 10 pt 11 pt 12 pt \large 12 pt 12 pt 14 pt \Large 14 pt 14 pt 17 pt \LARGE 17 pt 17 pt 20 pt \huge 20 pt 20 pt 25 pt \Huge 25 pt 25 pt 25 pt 3 1 \newcommand\kyocho[1]{{\large#1}} \newcommand\kyocho[1]{{\large#1}} \kyocho{ } \Kyocho{ } 3.20.2 L A TEX 3.13

80 3 3.13 \textrm \rmfamily ABCabc \textsf \sffamily ABCabc \texttt \ttfamily ABCabc \textmd \mdseries ABCabc \textbf \bfseries ABCabc \textit \itshape ABCabc \textsl \slshape ABCabc \textsc \scshape ABCabc \textsf{\textbf{typeface}} {\sffamily\bfseries Typeface} Typeface Typeface \texttt{\textit{typewriter bold extended?}} \textsc{small Caps}. \textit{\textbf{bold italic}}. {\ttfamily \itshape typewriter bold extended.} Typewriter bold extended? Small Caps. Bold italic. typewriter bold extended. {\Large\textbf Large Bold?} \\ {\textbf\large Bold Large?} Large Bold? Bold Large? 3.14 pl A TEX \textgt{} {\gtfamily }

3.21 81 3.14 \textmc \mcfamily \textgt \gtfamily 3 3.20.3 L A TEX Donald Knuth Computer Modern Computer Modern [32] Young Ryu txfonts Times mathptmx Palatino mathpazo pxfonts txfonts A.2 3.21 L A TEX 4 1 L A TEX ptex 1 [61]

82 3 [58, 57, 55] 1 3.21.1 syntonly L A TEX Frank Mittelbach Rainer Schöpf syntonly \syntaxonly syntonly DVI \documentclass{jarticle} \usepackage{syntonly} \syntaxonly \begin{document} I like {\LaTex}.% \end{document} 3.22 L A TEX class package L A TEX

3.22 83 L A TEX \documentclass[,... ]{ } \usepackage[,... ]{ } 3 11 2 \documentclass[twocolumn,11pt]{jarticle} \usepackage[dvips]{color} \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx} 2 twocolumn 11pt \documentclass[twocolumn,11pt]{jarticle} \usepackage[dvips]{graphicx,color}.cls.sty 3.22.1 L A TEX pl A TEX classes.dtx classes.ins classes.cls %% This is file class.cls, %% generated with the docstrip utility. %% The original source files were: %% classes.dtx (with options: option ) option classes.dtx Unix OS

84 3 $ find /usr/local/share/texmf/ -name classes.dtx Windows Macintosh classes.dtx classes.ins platex classes.dtx platex classes.ins DocStrip classes.ins article.cls report.cls book.cls bk10.clo bk11.clo bk12.clo size10.clo size11.clo size12.clo article classes.dtx L A TEX report classes.dtx L A TEX book classes.dtx L A TEX slides slides.dtx proc article proc.dtx article report book classes jarticle jreport jbook tarticle treport tbook

3.22 85 jarticle jreport jbook jclasses 3.22.2 \documentclass 3 10pt, 11pt, 12pt 10pt a4paper, a5paper, b5paper, letterpaper b4paper, a4j, a5j, b4j, b5j geometry jsclasses landscape oneside, twoside oneside twoside onecolumn, twocolumn 1 onecolumn 2 twocolumn titlepage, notitlepage titlepage notitlepage fleqn leqno draft, final draft final final openright, openany (j)report (j)book openright openany (j)report openany (j)book openright jsclasses *6 *6 http://oku.edu.mie-u.ac.jp/~okumura/jsclasses/