3) F. M. McMillan : The Chain Straighteners. Fruitful Innovation the Discovery of Linear and Stereoregular Synthetic Polymers. The Macmillan Press, London, 1979 p. 207 4) S. Carra, F. Parisi, I. Pasquon, P. Pino eds., "Giulio Natta. Present significance of his scientific contribution" Editrice di Chimica srl, 1982 p. 230
By 1954, however, Debye conceded its validity. Soon The theory of the excluded volume effect was bitterly contested in its early years, notably by Debye, Kirkwood and others, for it seemed to contradict basic tenets of the theory of random flights. thereafter others accepted the basic ideas and results as fundamentally correct.. These findings are most gratifying. More importantly, they provide the essential basis for rational interpretation of physical measurements on dilute polymer solutions, and hence for the quantitative characterization of macromolecules.
Paul J. Flory-The Man in Polymer Science 'It is noteworthy that the chemical bonds in macromolecules differ in no discernible respect from those in 'monomeric' compounds of low mole- it students and faculty with more abstract and basic tion has two important implications : first, the chemistry of macromolecules is coextensive with that of low molecular substances ; second, the chemical basis for the special properties of polymers that equip them for so many applications and functions, both in nature and in the artifacts of man, is not therefore to be sought in peculiarities of chemical bonding but rather in their macromolecular constitution, specifically, in the attributes of long molecular chains.' I am concerned that field is not receiving enough attention in the domain of pure science, of basic chemistry and physics. It's being relegated to the applied and engineering branches. I don't mean to suggest that this is undesirable in itself. There is much merit in the growing interest in the field in materials science departments, in chemical engineering departments, and, in some places, in applied physics. At the same time, the field should attract to science orientations. Neglect in this respect, I think, will not only be to the detriment of polymer chemistry, but to the detriment of chemistry as a whole. The field of chemistry cannot afford to abandon a sector of such widespread relevancy. 1) Les Prix Nobel en 1974. p. 101-125 2) Makromol. Chem., Macromol. Symp. 1, 5-16 (1986) 3) J. Chem Educ., 54, 341--344(1977) 4) P. J. Flory : Principles of Polymer Chemistry, Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, N. Y., 1953 5) P. J. Flory : Statistical Mechanics of Chain Molecules, Interscience Pub., New York, 1969
1) S. L. Kwolek : Liquid crystalline polyamides, 1980 Chemical Pioneer Address, Houston 2) W. J. Jackson, Jr. : Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 23, 169 (1989)
1) M. Shinohara, J. Smid, M. Szwarc : J. Am. Chem. Soc., 90, 2175 (1968) ; Chem. Comm. (London), 1232 (1969) 2) M. Levy, M. Szwarc : J. Chem. Phys., 22, 1261 (1954) ; J. H. Binks, M. Szwarc : Proc. Chem. Soc. (London), 228 (1958) 3) M. Szwarc : Contemporary Topics in Polymer Science, Volume 1, edited by R. D, Ulrich, Plenum Pubulishing Corporation (1978) 4) M. Szwarc : Nature, 178, 1168 (1956) ; M. Szwarc, M. Levy, R. Milkovich : J. Am. Chem. Soc., 78, 2656 (1956) 5) M. Szwarc : Carbanions, Living Polymers and Electron Transfer Processes, Interscience Publishers (1968)