4 1 1-1 1 1-2 1-2-1 (a) 1-1
4 (b) 1-2 1-2 (c) 1996 EU 03 EU 1 EU 1-2-2 (a) 1 4 6 3 2
4 ETSO 2 1-1 1-1 A. B. Nord Pool A. B. C. A. B. First come first reserve A. Explicit Auctions 2 ETSO, Overview Congestion Management Methods, 04 9 http://www.etso-net.org/activities/congestion_management/e_default.asp
4 B. Market Splitting Implicit Auctions Zonal Pricing 3 Priority Lists A. B. Prorata C. Re-dispatching B. Counter-trading 1-1 (b) Netting Use-it-or-lose-it Netting use-it-or-lose-it EU 8 use-it-or-lose-it (c) 1-3 A B 100 A B 3 Contract for Difference
4 1 B A 1-3 100 1 1-4 GB2 LA2 1-4 100 1 1-5 GA3 GA1GA2 GA3
4 1-5 100 1 A B A B GB1 LA1 1-6 GB1 LA1 1 GA1LB1 GA2LB2 10 100 1-6 100 1 50 50 50 50 GB1 LA1 1 A GA3 B GB2
4 1-7 100 1 2 2-1 UCTE Nordel UCTE 4 6 3 1 3 2-1 UCTE UCTE TSO 34 23 53,000kW 23,000TWh UCTE UCTE Nordel IPS/UPS UCTE
4 1 2kV 2-2 2-2 2-2 Janusz W. Bialek, Recent Blackouts in US and Continental Europe: Is Liberalisation to Blame?, CMI Working Paper 34,04 1 2-2 2-2-1 30,000 2-3 1999 UCTE 1975 2-4UCTE 100kWh 25,000,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 UCTE 18 UCTE 2-3 UCTE 0 99/01 00/01 01/01 02/01 03/01 04/01 16.0% 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0%
4 2-4 UCTE UCTE, UCTE SYSTEM ADEQUACY RETROSPECT 03, 04 6 2-2-2 2-1 2-2 ETSO 1 4 2-1 2-2 2-1 TSO ETSO An Overview of Current Cross-border Congestion Management Methods in Europe 04 9 4 1-1
4 2-2 TSO 105 1 1 MIBEL ETSO An Overview of Current Cross-border Congestion Management Methods in Europe 04 9 2-3 2-3-1 the Electricity Regulatory Forum of Florence 1998 2 11 1996 Electricity directive 96/92/EC 03 Electricity directive 03/54/EC harmonisation
4 TSO 3 4 2-3-2 03 EU REGULATION (EC) No 1228/03 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 26 June 03 on conditions for access to the network for cross-border exchanges in electricity Guidelines on the management and allocation of available transfer capacity of interconnections between national systems use-it-or-lose-it 1-1 2-3-3 (a) 04 9 16 17 11 1228/03 8 (4) 00 11 9 10 6 1228/03 EU 03/54/EC 1228/03 (b)
4 1 use-it-or-lose-it ETSO 2 3 Nordel ( ) (c) (d) (e) use-it-or-lose-it (f) (g) (h)
4 2-3-4 11 (a) FMC ETSO EuroPX ETSO EuroPEX Flow-based Market Coupling TSO node 1 Market Splitting Explicit Auctions 2-5 FMC ETSOEuroPX Flow-based Market CouplingA Joint ETSO-EuroPEX Proposal for Cross-Border Congestion Management and Integration of Electricity Markets in Europe 04 9 (b) 11 CEERERGEG TSO ETSOEuropex ETSOEuropex
4 2-3 2-3 04/12/17 05/1/19 05/1/21 05/1/25 05/1/27 05/2/14 05/2/15 ERGEGhttp://www.ergeg.org/ EEX 2-6 EEX Belpex FBMC Powernext APX 25% 2-7 Kontek ETSO FMC
4 2-6 EEX EEX Methods for Congestion Management an Overview 04 12 1 2-7 Nord Pool Power Exchanges present status and recognized problems 05 1 1 3 2-8 TSO Auction TSO 3-1 3-1-1 3 RWE E.on 2 4 4 TSO Auction BV 10 TSO Auction BV
4 TenneT TenneT Elia TenneT RWE TenneT E.on 5 01 RWE TenneT E.on TenneT 2 TenneT RWE RWE TenneT TenneT RWE RWE TenneT 3-3 RWE TenneT 3-1 /1,000kW 25,000,000 15,000 10,000 Elia TenneT TennetElia RWETenneT TenneTRWE E.onTenneT TenneTE.on 5,000 0 01/01 01/05 01/09 02/01 02/05 02/09 03/01 03/05 03/09 04/01 04/05 04/09 05/01 TSO Auction BVhttp://www.tso-auction.org/ 3-2 RWE=TenneT RWETenneT /1,000kW 1,000kW 30 1,800 1,0 25 1,400 1,0 1,000 15 800 10 0 400 5 0 0 0 01/01 01/07 02/01 02/07 03/01 03/07 04/01 04/07 05/01 /1,000kW 1,000kW 0.35 1,800 0.30 1,0 1,400 0.25 1,0 0. 1,000 0.15 800 0.10 0 400 0.05 0 0.00 0 01/01 01/07 02/01 02/07 03/01 03/07 04/01 04/07 05/01 TSO Auction BVhttp://www.tso-auction.org/ 5 RWE E.on
4 3-4 APX EEXEuropean Energy Exchange 3-1-2 APX EEXAPX EEX 04 1 8,764 APX EEX 4,930 EEX APX 3,813 41 PPAPX PPEEXPPAPXAPX PPEEXEEX TPRWE TenneT0TPRWE TenneT RWE TenneT PPAPXPPEEX TP TenneT RWE0TP TenneT RWE TenneT RWE PPAPXPPEEXTPRWE TenneT PPEEXPPAPXTP TenneT RWE APX EEX 3-5 3-6 TP PPiPPj X 3-3 /1,000kWh 90 80 70 50 40 30 10 EEX APX 0 00/6 01/6 02/6 03/6 04/6 TP PPi, japx or EEX X0 1 0 0 0 TPRWE TenneT TPRWE TenneT2.6100.384PPAPXPPEEX 2.975X R 2 0.280 TP TenneT RWE TPRWE TenneT0.0930.005PPEEXPPAPX 0.056 X R 2 0.047 TPRWE TenneT TP TenneT RWE
4 3-4 RWE=TenneT RWETenneT 1,000Wh /1,000Wh 450.0 400.0 180.0 1.0 350.0 140.0 300.0 1.0 250.0 100.0 0.0 80.0 150.0.0 100.0 40.0 50.0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 400.0 0.0 800.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 300.0 400.0 APX-EEX) APX-EEX) 180 TSO Auction BVhttp://www.tso-auction.org/ 3-5 RWETenneT TenneTRWE /1,000kWh 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 /1,000kWh 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0.0 40.0.0 80.0 100.0 EEX-APX) 0.0 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0.0 25.0 30.0 EEX-APX) 0.6 TSO Auction BVhttp://www.tso-auction.org/ 3-1-3 /1,000kWh 80 Nord Pool 4 Nord Pool 2 6 Nord Pool Nord Pool 70 50 40 30 10 3-6 Nord Pool 0 00/01 01/01 02/01 03/01 04/01 05/01
4 3-7 3-8 3-7 3-7 -35-30 -25 - -15-10 -5 0 5 10 15 00/01 01/01 02/01 03/01 04/01 05/01 /1,000kWh -10-8 -6-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 00/01 01/01 02/01 03/01 04/01 05/01 /1,000kWh Nord Pool 3-1-4 (a) Nordel 0.1Hz 12.7%03 99% 40% 49% % UCTE UCTE 6 6 UCTE
4 Belpex (b) use-it-or-lose-it 3-2 3-2-1 2 2-7 3-1-2 ETSO FMC
4 5 kw UCTE FMC 04 05 9 05 3-2-2 FMC 05 use-it-or-lose-it use-it-or-lose-it lose-it report@tky.ieej.or.jp