1 SFC 1990 2 EU 1990EU 1 2 3 4 5 6 URL 1 1177 7, kgw@sfc.keio.ac.jp 2 1990EU EU 121
1993 3 Trans European Networks TENs TENs 90 TENs TEN T 1997 TEN T TEN T 1994 12 14 3 CEC, 1993 4 TEN T 14 2010 TEN T 1996TEN T Pan-European Transport Corridors Corridor EU 2 Corridor 3 Corridor X Corridors Corridors TINA EU PHARE EU TEN T TENs Helsinki Corridors 5 1 Corridor 2 Corridor 3 Corridor 4 Corridor 5 Corridor 4 14 CEC 1995 5 CEC 1995 pp. 103 104 TINA 2000 Corridor X 1997 122
6 Corridor 7 Corridor 8 Corridor 9 Corridor 10 Corridor 1990 EU EU EU 1997 60 6 EU EU EU Lijewski 1990 70 1995140 7 1980 1999 8 EU 6 2000 7 Lijewski, 1996 82000 123
1998 1999 ETD ASG 2000 DHL 25 51 DHL, 2000 EU EU EU 1999 6.7 634 TEU 9 260 TEU 1998 32000 TEU Maersk P & O Nedlloyd 1998 1990 HHLA POLZUG 1995 1996 9 20 124
TINA 2015 20000 80 2015 Corridor 10 85 km 58 km 690 km 682 km 610 km 604 km 928 km 860 km EU EU TINA Corridor Corridors Cullinane and Toy 11 Corridors Corridors Corridors Corridor 12 Corridor Corridor Corridor Corridor 10 TINA 1999 11 Cullinane and Toy, 1998, p. 44 12 ECMT, 1998 125
Motorway Express road1993 27 13 2600 km 14 TINA 10 16 E20 E65 E30 E 15 36 A6 E65 No. 944, No. 817 - E77 No. 15 No. 15 No. 132 133 10 No. 274 275 Corridor E59 CE C59/1 C59/2 C30/1 E26 - / Corridor -- 13 decision 63/93 14140 km 15 E-road European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries AGRE Corridor Corridor Corridor 17 16 23300 km 100 km 2 7.2 km 5000 km 17 126
Corridor Corridor EU EU 21 1 Commission of the European Communities Directorate-General for Regional Policies, Europe 2000: Outlook for the development of the Communitiy s territory, Luxemburg, 1991 2 Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General for Regional Policies, Demographic evolution through time in European regions Demeter 2015, Luxemburg, 1992 3 Commission of the European Communities, White Paper on growth, competitiveness, and Employment The challenges and ways forward into the 21st century, COM 93 700 final, Brussels, 5 December 1993 4 Commission of the European Communities Trans-European networks The Group of Personal Representatives of the Heads of State or Government Report, Luxembourg, 1995 5 TINA Secretariat, TINA final report, Wien, 1999 6 TINA Secretariat., Status of the Pan-European Transport Corridors and Transport Areas, Wien, 2000 7 ECMT, Invest in Transport Infrastructure, 1999 8 ECMT, Transport Infrastructure in ECMT Countries, 1998 9 Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland, Poland, 2000 10 Johnson, D. and Turner, C., Trans-European Networks The Political Economy of Integrating Europe s Infrastructure, London, 1997 11 Cullinane, K. and Toy, N., Planned road network developments in the Baltic Sea region, Transport Reviews, Vol. 18, No. 1, 1998 12 Alan Smith, The Return to Europe, Studies in Russia and East Europe, 2000 13 EU 1997 14 1998 15 1999 11 16 EU 2000 127
17 2000 18 EU 2000 URL 1 TENs EU http://www.europa.eu.int/pol /ten/en/ten.htm 2 TENs for transport http://europa.eu.int /pol/ten/en/transp.htm 3 Connecting transport networks to third countries http://eurpa.eu/int/pol/ten/en/connect.htm 4 14 transport priority projects http://europa.eu.int/pol/ten/en/proj.htm 5 TINA Secretariat http://www.tinasecretariat.at/ 6 ECMT http:///www.oecd.org/cem/ 7 http://www.port.rotterdam.nl 8 http://www.cargoweb.nl http://www.ocean-commerce.co.jp 12 22 EU 1992 1998 1000 EU 15 1992 1998 1992 1998 628 2224 922 8265 602 1654 3714 9009 779 1060 3712 4073 9332 17718 36473 42144 4508 9575 24358 21892 2619 6097 2223 6281 6912 9778 1738 4680 1286 2789 3186 3071 2243 4389 967 1365 1813 3897 Eurostat 1992 128
EU 1998 10 ECU 3.8 2.5 1.8 1.4 39.2 32.3 0.8 0.9 2.0 1.4 7.3 4.5 0.6 0.3 11.4 7.9 4.7 3.6 7.6 5.9 0.2 0.2 3.1 1.1 3.0 2.1 4.7 3.9 Eurostat 10 129
TENs Corridors Rail Networks Road Networks C = PC / P i i i Commission of the European Communities, 1995, pp. 103 104 130
Trans-European Networks and New Economic Zone in Europe Rotterdam-Berlin-Warsaw-Moscow Route Toshiyuki KAGAWA Professor of policy management at Keio University Hideaki KUROGI Researcher of SFC Research Center at Keio University Tamiko SUEHIRO Master course at graduate school of Keio University Abstract The European commission released programs aiming at developing the Transportation Infrastructure Networks at European level in 1990s. Infrastructure networks have been developed from a viewpoint of domestic supply demand so far. New infrastructure program is linked with the economic trend in Europe. In 1990s, economic tie between EU countries and Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries has been strengthened and at the same time, manufacturing and trade structure in Europe is changing due to the increase of companies' making inroad into the market of CEE countries. Our research focuses on the economic and transportation trend in Europe and examines the relation between infrastructure networks and the development of new economic zone in Europe, by mainly dealing with the case of east-west axis of Rotterdam-Berlin-Warsaw-Moscow. Keywords: International Division of Labor, Combined Transport, Economic Zone in Europe. 131