27 YouTube YouTube UGC User Generated Content CDN Content Delivery Networks LRU Least Recently Used UGC YouTube CGM Consumer Generated Media CGM CGM U

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YouTube 2016 2 16

27 YouTube YouTube UGC User Generated Content CDN Content Delivery Networks LRU Least Recently Used UGC YouTube CGM Consumer Generated Media CGM CGM UGC UGC YouTube k-means YouTube YouTube 1

3 10 YouTube k-means 2

1 6 2 YouTube 8 2.1.............................. 8 2.2....................... 10 2.3 k-means............. 17 3 YouTube 22 3.1............................. 22 3.2........................ 22 3.3...................... 24 3.4...................................... 24 4 30 31 32 3

1.................................. 8 2 1 2 3 6 1 CCDF....... 11 3 1 2 3 7 14 1 CCDF....... 12 4 1 2 3 7 14 CCDF........ 12 5 1 CCDF.... 13 6 1 CCDF..... 13 7 7 CCDF.... 14 8 7 CCDF... 14 9 1 CCDF....... 15 10 1 CCDF........ 15 11 7 CCDF....... 16 12 7 CCDF..... 16 13 24 1 5 k-means................. 19 14 48 1 5 k-means................. 20 15 72 1 5 k-means................. 21 16.......... 23 17 Y = 3 d............. 27 18 d = 7 Y................. 28 19 d = 14 Y................ 29 4

1.................................. 24 2 3 7.. 26 3 3 14. 26 5

1 YouTube[1] UGC User Generated Content OTT Over The Top (YouTube ) ISP Internet Service Provider CDN Contents Delivery Networks LRU Least Recently Used [2] UGC CGM Consumer Generated Media) CGM UGC VoD Video-on-Demand UGC [3] Digg[4] [5] YouTube 6

YouTube 3 [6] YouTube 1 [7] YouTube [8] Digg YouTube 30 [9] [8] x x [8] [10] YouTube [11] [12] 1 k-means YouTube [12] 1 1 k-means 7

1: 2 YouTube YouTube YouTube YouTube 2.1 YouTube YouTube 1 YouTube API YouTube Data API version3.0 [13] 1 1 1-2015 10 14 2015 12 16 1 87, 830-2015 12 25 2016 1 21 1 40, 900 8

1 1 1 1 ID YouTube API ID ID ( ID ) 1 1 YouTube API 1 1 YouTube API 1 87, 830 1 1 1 1 30 8 10 1 5 7 1 YouTube [14] 1 ( 9

1, 000km) 30 ID ID 1 JP WestUS EastUS GB FR DE BR IN 2.2 1 2 3 6 1 2 1 2 3 7 14 1 3 2 1 SNS Social Networking Service 3 1 2 3 7 14 4 0 3 4 7 8 11 12 15 16 19 20 23 1 5 10

1 0.1 1hour 2hour 3hour 6hour CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 View count 2: 1 2 3 6 1 CCDF 1 6 7 7 1 20 23 16 19 7 8 7 1 9 1 10 7 11 7 12 11

1 0.1 1day 2day 3day 7day 14day CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 View count 3: 1 2 3 7 14 1 CCDF 1 0.1 1day 2day 3day 7day 14day CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 1x10 8 Total view count 4: 1 2 3 7 14 CCDF 12

1 0.1 0-3hour 4-7hour 8-11hour 12-15hour 16-19hour 20-23hour CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 View count 5: 1 CCDF 1 0.1 0-3hour 4-7hour 8-11hour 12-15hour 16-19hour 20-23hour CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 View count 6: 1 CCDF 13

1 0.1 0-3hour 4-7hour 8-11hour 12-15hour 16-19hour 20-23hour CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 View count 7: 7 CCDF 1 0.1 0-3hour 4-7hour 8-11hour 12-15hour 16-19hour 20-23hour CCDF 0.01 0.001 0.0001 1e-005 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 1x10 8 Total view count 8: 7 CCDF 14

CCDF 1 0.1 0.01 WestUS(5541) EastUS(9829) GB(4145) JP(3505) FR(5153) DE(4217) BR(2783) IN(5727) 0.001 0.0001 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 View count 9: 1 CCDF CCDF 1 0.1 0.01 WestUS(5541) EastUS(9829) GB(4145) JP(3505) FR(5153) DE(4217) BR(2783) IN(5727) 0.001 0.0001 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 View count 10: 1 CCDF 15

CCDF 1 0.1 0.01 WestUS(5541) EastUS(9829) GB(4145) JP(3505) FR(5153) DE(4217) BR(2783) IN(5727) 0.001 0.0001 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 View count 11: 7 CCDF CCDF 1 0.1 0.01 WestUS(5541) EastUS(9829) GB(4145) JP(3505) FR(5153) DE(4217) BR(2783) IN(5727) 0.001 0.0001 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1x10 6 1x10 7 Total view count 12: 7 CCDF 16

2.3 k-means n k-means YouTube [12] 1 k-means 1 k-means v n 0 1 n v k-means 5 24 13 13(a) 1 5 16 1 13(b) 5 24 24 SNS 24 30 13(c) 13(a) 5 7 13(d) 5 24 5 48 14 14(a) 3 17

1 14(b) 3 4 12 3 3 30 14(c) 3 7 14(d) 3 5 72 15 15(a) 3 1 15(b) 3 30 15(c) 3 7 15(d) 3 72 24 48 3 7 10, 000 3 18

Normalized view count 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 cluster1 (29225) cluster2 (15564) cluster3 (17590) cluster4 (15036) cluster5 (10415) View count 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 cluster1 (29225) cluster2 (15564) cluster3 (17590) cluster4 (15036) cluster5 (10415) 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 Hour 0 0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 Hour after upload (a) (b) 1 25000 20000 cluster1 (29225) cluster2 (15564) cluster3 (17590) cluster4 (15036) cluster5 (10415) 1 0.1 cluster1 (29225) cluster2 (15564) cluster3 (17590) cluster4 (15036) cluster5 (10415) View count 15000 10000 CCDF 0.01 0.001 5000 0.0001 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Day after upload 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1e+006 1e+007 View count (c) 1 (d) 7 13: 24 1 5 k-means 19

Normalized view count 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 cluster1 (25656) cluster2 (16873) cluster3 (12446) cluster4 (20304) cluster5 (12551) View count 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 cluster1 (25656) cluster2 (16873) cluster3 (12446) cluster4 (20304) cluster5 (12551) 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 Hour 0 0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 Hour after upload (a) (b) 1 30000 25000 cluster1(25656) cluster2(16873) cluster3(12446) cluster4(20304) cluster5(12551) 1 0.1 cluster1 (25656) cluster2 (16873) cluster3 (12446) cluster4 (20304) cluster5 (12551) View count 20000 15000 10000 CCDF 0.01 0.001 5000 0.0001 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Day after upload 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1e+006 1e+007 View count (c) 1 (d) 7 14: 48 1 5 k-means 20

Normalized view count 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 cluster1 (27234) cluster2 (12079) cluster3 (10727) cluster4 (18786) cluster5 (19004) View count 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 cluster1 (27234) cluster2 (12079) cluster3 (10727) cluster4 (18786) cluster5 (19004) 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 Hour 0 0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168 Hour after upload (a) (b) 1 30000 25000 cluster1 (27234) cluster2 (12079) cluster3 (10727) cluster4 (18786) cluster5 (19004) 1 0.1 cluster1 (27234) cluster2 (12079) cluster3 (10727) cluster4 (18786) cluster5 (19004) View count 20000 15000 10000 CCDF 0.01 0.001 5000 0.0001 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Day after upload 1e-005 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1e+006 1e+007 View count (c) 1 (d) 7 15: 72 1 5 k-means 21

3 YouTube Y 3.1 A B P (B A) P (B A) = P (B)P (A B) P (A) n F 1,, F n C p(c F 1,, F n ) p(c F 1,, F n ) = p(c)p(f 1,, F n C) p(f 1,, F n ) C p(c, F 1,, F n ) = p(c)p(f 1 C)p(F 2 C)p(F 3 C) C classify classify(f 1,, f n ) = arg max c n p(c = c) p(f i = f i C = c) (1) i=1 3.2 16 H Y d H Y + d H Y Y Y 22

16: 1. 2. YouTube Data API 1 3. Y YouTube Data API 1 1 4. Y d YouTube Data API 1 1 5. 1 Y + d Y 1 6. 1 Y d d 23

1: ID Y Y =H 1 2 Y =L abcdefghijk 1.0 0.5 0.4 5 H lmnopqrstuv 0.5 0.2 0.0 3 L wxyz1234567 0.2 0.8 0.6 4 H 3.3 1 d 1 1% 2 d d 1% 3.1 n F 1,, F n 2.3 Y v Y 0 1 Y Y Y + 1 3.4 87, 830 p(c = c) p(f i = f i C = c) p(c = c) p(f i = f i C = c) 3.1 1 classify NBC: Naive Bayes Classifier VCS: View Count based Selection 24

Y d = 7 Y = 3 2 3 8 1% 2 8 7 1% 3 7 d = 14 Y = 3 3 3 15 1% 2 15 15 1% 3 14 Y = 3 d 1 17(a) 2 17(b) 1 2 d = 7 Y 1 18(a) 2 18(b) Y/3 25

2: 3 7 8 1% 2 8 1% 0.785 0.956 0.697 0.860 3: 3 14 15 1% 2 15 1% 0.707 0.933 0.674 0.837 3 Y d = 14 Y 1 19(a) 2 19(b) d = 7 Y 3 26

1 0.8 Accuracy 0.6 0.4 0.2 NBC 0 7 14 VCS 21 d 28 (a) d 1 0.8 Accuracy 0.6 0.4 0.2 NBC 0 7 14 VCS 21 d 28 (b) d 17: Y = 3 d 27

1 NBC VCS 0.8 Accuracy 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Y (hour) (a) d 1 NBC VCS 0.8 Accuracy 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Y (hour) (b) d 18: d = 7 Y 28

1 NBC VCS 0.8 Accuracy 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Y (hour) (a) d 1 NBC VCS 0.8 Accuracy 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 Y (hour) (b) d 19: d = 14 Y 29

4 YouTube 1 k-means 3 Good 30

NTT 31

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eighteenth International Conference on High Performance Computing, pp. 1 9, Dec. 2011. [12] Y. Kitade, Analyzing popularity dynamics of YouTube content and its application to content cache design, Master s thesis, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Feb. 2015. [13] YouTube Data API. https://developers.google.com/youtube/v3/. [14] YouTube Help. https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2991785/. 33