001

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION

32 2005

20 counseling 2005

1 2 3 3 5 31 33 33 48 67 84 85 87 93 101

107 107 108 111 116 123 123 128 141 141 143 146 146 149 152 162

1

2 1 2001 2004 2 2005 3 4 1 1997 400 2 counseling Helping Skills Basic Counseling Skills Microskills counseling psychotherapy counseling 3 4 Cormier,S.&Nuris,P.(2003) Ivey,A.E.&Ivey,M.B.(2003)

3 1 Rapport 2 Rogers,C.R.(1942) Rogers,C.R. 3 4 5 1 2 1996 3 4 5

4 2003 1995

5 1 (1999) (1975)

6 (1992) 1992 2

7 2003 (2003) 2003

8 Carkhuff,R.R.,1987b (1989) (1999) Active Listening (2004) Goodman,J.(2001)

9 (2002) 1 2 3 Townsend,J.(1987) ª 1 2 3

10 2001 (1999) 1 100 1 59

11 100 (1995) 1995 1995 1 1 2003

12 1 (1998) Seden,J.(1999) (2001) e.g. 1 2003 100

13 1 3 (1995) 1995 (2001) 1

14 2001 short-temperedness 2003 (2002) Billings,J.A.&Stoeckle,J.D.(1999) (1993)

15 (2001) (2003) 2003 2003

16 (1993) 1993 ambivalent feelings 1 1 Freud,S.

17 Biestek,F.P.,1957 Ivey,A.E.(1985) (1998) 6

18 (2002) 1987 2002 stigma

19 1992 1960 1 (2003) 2 K bler-ross,e. 3 denial anger bargaining depression finally acceptance K bler-ross,e. 1969 4 (2003) 1 Murphy,R.(1987) Keith,L.(2001) 18 2 (2003) 3 http://www.elisabethkublerross.com 4 five psychological stages of dying Ku.. bler-ross,e. Ku.. bler-ross,e. Ku.. bler-ross,e.,1997

20 1 (1982) 1982 2002 2 1 2

21 (1998) PTSD post traumatic stress disorder 10 1 4 Benjamin,A.(1987) 1987 1

22 (2001) 2001

23 (1990) (1990) 1990 Faust,J.(1998) 1992 (1997) Ivey,A.E.(1985) Cepeda,C. 2001

24 1997 1 1994 1997 (2002) (1997) 1 Ivey,A.E. 2002 2003 2004 counseling counseling

25 2002 Benjamin,A.(1987) 1987 Benjamin,A.

26 1987 (2000) 5 1970

27 1996 1999 2000a 2001 2001 2003 1 (2002) 2 3 4 (2001) Hochschild,A.R.(1983) 5 1 2 (2001) 3 4 hardiness 5 Hochschild,A.R.(1983)

28 2001 (1999) 1999 (1994)

29 Hochschild,A.R. 1 1999 (2002) 1

30 2002 Hochschild, A.R. 1990 1 1

31 2003 2003 1 (2001) (2001) 1 (2002) Kadushin,A. 1976 Supervision in social work Kadushin,A, 1992

32

33 1 ( )

34 Mehrabian,A. 1 Mehrabian,A. liking verbal vocal 2 facial ( ) ( ) ( ) (a) (b) Mehrabian,A. 3 7 38 55 (1995) 8 32 60 1 (1995) Mehrabian,A. http://www.kaaj.com/psych/index.html 1981 Silent Messages: Implicit Communication of Emotions and Attitudes 2 para-language tonal language 3 Mehrabian,A. Mehrabian,A.

35 VTR ( ) ( ) (1995) 1 (2004) ( ) 2 Ivey,A.E.(2003) movement dissynchrony (1987) Condon,W.S.(1976) 1 affiliation motive affiliative conflict Argyle,M.& Dean,J.(1965)

36 Condon,W.S. 1 1987 Bandler,R.&Grinder,J.(1982) pacing Minuchin,S.(1974) joining 1 ( ) 3 2 1 2

37 Enelow,A.J. Swisher,S.N..(1989) 1 Billings,J.A.&Stoeckle,J.D. 1999 Egan,G.(1986) probe 2 3 1 2 3 42

38 prompt Egan,G.(1986) Ivey,A.E.(1985) encouraging (restatement) 1 Ivey,A.E. 1.70

39 Ivey,A.E.(1985)

40 (2) 1 1

41 2004

42 (3) (1995) Ivey,A.E.(1985)

43 close-ended-question open-ended-question 1 1 Havens,L.(1986) projective statements

44 ambivalent feelings (2000) 2000 Benjamin,A.(1987)

45 1 1998 2 1 narrowing 2

46 focusing 1 2 1 2 double barrel question multiple barrel question

47 (1997) Seden,J.(1999) (1995) (2004b) DV Domestic Violence 2004 (1995)

48 why which what who where when how closedquestion (yes no) why (2000b) (1) ( ) 1 Egan,G.(1986) 1 support supportive

49 1986 ( ) (1984) 1984

50 (2000) 2000 ( ) 2003

51 2003 2000 Egan,G.,1986

52 2003 ( ) Anderson,H.&Goolishian,H.(1992) 40 Goolishian,H. Goolishian,H. Goolishian,H. Goolishian,H.

53 Goolishian,H.. 2001 2002 Goolishian,H. ( ) 2003

54 Ivey,A.E. 1 2003 1 Ivey,A.E.&Ivey,M.B.(2003)

55

56 (2003) want must want must want must want don t want must mustn t want must don t want must ( ) 1 1 Lippmann,W.,(1922)

57 2003 2 2 Biestek,F.P. The Casework Relationship Biestek,F.P., 1957

58 Havens,L.(1986) 1 imitative statements 2 Havens, L.(1986) Havens,L. 1 2 imitative statement Havens,L. imitation

59 Havens,L. (2) 2000 (2000)

60 2000 (1995)

61 (1) (2)(1) ( ) ( ) (3) (4)(3)

62 3) Ivey,A.E.

63 Carkhuff,R.R. Ivey,A.E. Carkhuff,R.R. 1 (2004) Rogers,C.R. reflection of feeling 2 Ivey,A.E. 1985 1 2004 2 etc

64 (1) (1) (2) (2) (1) (3) (3) (4) (4) (1) (1) (1) (2) (1) 2004 (1) (1) 1 (2004) (2) (2) (3) 1 (2004)

65 (2) (3) (3) (3) (4) (3) (4) (4) 30 30 30 2004

66 14 2004 2004 Ivey,A.E.

67 1985 1) reframing (2004a)

68 1 10 2004 ability potential Ivey,A.E. 1

69 positive asset search 1 Ivey,A.E.,1985 Ivey,A.E.&Ivey,M.B.,2003 powerless empowerment 2 (2) 1 Ivey,A.E. Story - positive asset - restory - action 2 positive spin

70 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1985

71 Ivey,A.E.(1985) Goodman,J.,2001 (2001)

72

73 Gendlin,E.T. Gendlin,E.T.,1981 Gendlin,E.T.,1996 1 (1997) 1997 Havens,L.(1986) Havens,L. 1 Gendlin,E.T. focusing counseling

74 Havens,L.,1986 Burns,D.D.(1999) Burns,D.D. 30 Burns,D.D. 1 (1982) 2 1 eck,a.t. Beck Depression Inventory Beck,A.T. 2 2001 2004

75 Berg, I. K.,1994 ( )

76 10 1,000 1,000 1 (2004) 1 Solution focused approach complainant type

77 ( ) 10 10 10 20 100 10

78 10 10 ( ) 40

79 1 DeJong,P.&Berg,I.K.(1988) not knowing ( ) (2004) 1 Solution focused approach visitor type

80 Narrative approach Narrative Based Medicine Narrative approach dominant story Narrative approach Narrative Approach narrative discourse 2002

81 Narrative Approach 1990 Anderson,H.&Goolishian,H.(1992) solving dis-solving

82 2002 2002 Narrative Approach Gendlin,E.T. focusing Gendlin,E.T.,1981 Gendlin,E.T.,1996 Gendlin,E.T. felt sense focusing making a space clearing a space Bandler,R.&Grinder,J.(1982) X X part Bandler,R.& Grinder, J.

83 Gendlin,E.T. focusing Bandler,R. Grinder,J.

84 2002 White,M.&Epston,D.(1990) 1 counseling counseling Cormier,S.&Nuris,P.(2003) Ivey,A.E.&Ivey,M.B.(2003) Carkhuff,R.R.(1987a) Rogers,C.R. 1 Moreno,J.L. Perls,F.S. empty-chair cushion-chair

85 1 Rogers,C.R. Rogers,C.R. 2 critical thinking Paul,R.W.,&Elder,L.(2003) 1 Rogers,C.R. gers,c.r. 1950 60 1992 Rogers,C.R. Rogers,C.R. positive spin Rogers,C.R. 2 (2005)

86 Ivey,A.E.(1985)

87 (1) (2000) 2000 2) self-disclosure Freud,S.

88 1 2 Sullivan,H.S.,1953 Rogers,C.R 1 anonymity 2

89 1985 Ivey,A.E. (1998) (3) Rogers,C.R nondirective Rogers,C.R 1995 (2002)

90 (4) feedback Ivey,A.E.(1985) correctable (5) confrontation 1 1

91 (2004)

92 (6) (1994)

93 structure 2001 (2001) Ivey,A.E. Microcounseling Carkhuff,R.R. Helping

94 1 (2004) 10 20 10 10 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 101

95 2001

96 Stuart,M.R. Lieberman,J.A.(2001) SOAP 1 BATHE BATHE Background Affect Trouble Handling Empathy 1 Subjective Objective Assessment Plan

97 1993

98 (2001) (1995) etc. 10

99 (2) 1 (1999),1999 6 1

100 1 Systematic Approach 1 1

101 10 (1999) F1 2001 2001 1999

102 (1990). 1990 Systematic Approach (1) complex 1 1 132

103 (2)

104 4 (1997)

105

106