AUTOSAR 1 1, 2 2 2 AUTOSAR AUTOSAR 3 2 2 41% 29% An Extension of AUTOSAR Communication Layers for Multicore Systems Toshiyuki Ichiba, 1 Hiroaki Takada, 1, 2 Shinya Honda 2 and Ryo Kurachi 2 AUTOSAR, a software platform for automotive systems, assumes only an ECU with a single core processor, and does not consider an ECU with a multicore processor. It is necessary that a communication on a multicore processor because ECUs communicate each other for cooperative control. There are three communication types: a inside core, a inter core, and a outside chip communications. This paper proposes two methods for outside chip communication: a lock method and a server method. An existing communication middleware is extended as the two methods. Compared to a single core processor, the results of extended middleware show that transmission time overheads of the lock method and the server method are 41% and 29%, respectively. 1. ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 1 ECU ECU ECU (Controller Area Network) 1) ECU ECU ECU 1 ECU ECU AUTOSAR (AUTomotive Open System ARchitecutre) 2) AUTOSAR OS ECU AUTOSAR AUTOSAR 1 3 2 2 AUTOSAR 3 4 3 2 5 1 Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya University 2 Center for Embedded Computing Systems, Nagoya University 1 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan
6 2. AUTOSAR 2.1 AUTOSAR AUTOSAR ECU OSEK/VDX 3) OSEK/VDX OS AUTOSAR AUTOSAR ECU AUTOSAR 1 AUTOSAR BSW (Basic Software) (Runtime Environment) Application Layer 3 BSW ECU OS BSW Application Layer (Software Component) 2.2 2 PDU Router I-PDU I-PDU I-PDU I-PDU 1 Application Layer Runtime Environment Basic Software (BSW) Microcontroller OS CPU Controller 通信ミドルウェア AUTOSAR OS I-PDU I-PDU I-PDU 3 Direct/N-Times N Periodic Mixed 2 I-PDU Controller 3. 3.1 3 2 1 1 AUTOSAR 2 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan
シグナル I-PDU I-PDU Controller 2 3.2 データの流れ AUTOSAR Component ECU 3 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) AUTOSAR Controller ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 5 ) 3.3 I-PDU I-PDU 1 API API Com_UpdateShadowSignal 1 Com_SendSignal 3 1 Com_SendSignalGroup 3 1 Com_MainFunctionTx (I-PDU) 3+( I-PDU)+1 CanIf_Transmit 0 2 Can_Write 1 1 2 2 Can_Write BUSY 1 AUTOSAR 1 4. 4 3 4.1 AUTOSAR 1 2 1 1 2 1 3 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan
ECU 2 OS OS コア内通信 コア間通信 I-PDU AUTOSAR I-PDU I-PDU チップ外通信 Controller 4 4.2,, 3 I-PDU AUTOSAR I-PDU I-PDU I-PDU AUTOSAR PDU 3 2 4.3 I-PDU I-PDU 1 2 4.3.1 5 1 4 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan
クライアントタスク クライアントタスク データの流れ タスクの処理範囲 I-PDU I-PDU AUTOSAR Component I-PDU I-PDU データの流れ Controller サーバタスク データキュー AUTOSAR Component 5 AUTOSAR 4.3.2 1 1 1 6 API AUTOSAR API API I-PDU Controller 6 5. 5.1 5 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan
5.2 Altera NiosII GNU gcc version 3.4.6 OS TOPPERS/FMP Release 0.B.0 4) FMP FMP API FMP µitron AUTOSAR OS AUTOSAR OS 2 NiosII 85MHz 1 10Mbps 5) 1 2 10Mbps 10Mbps 5.3 FMP wai_sem/sig_sem FMP loc_cpu/unl_cpu wai_sem/sig_sem FMP snd_dtq/rcv_dtq I-PDU ID 1 2 5.4 API API 20000 18 I-PDU Direct/N-Times (N=1) API Com_SendSignal 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 snd_dtq rcv_tsk, rcv_tsk, 5.5 7 8 1 2µs 1 2 2 28.5% 2 1 40.8% 7 8 3 6 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan
処理時間 [μs] 処理時間 [μs] 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 シングルコア シングルコア コア 1 コア 2 コア 1 コア 2 7 ロック方式 通信サーバ方式 コア 1 コア 2 コア 1 コア 2 8 ロック方式 通信サーバ方式 ~ ~ 6. AUTOSAR 3 AUTOSAR I-PDU 2 41% 29% 10Mbps 1) ISO 11898 : Road vehicles Interchange of digital information Controller area network () for high-speed communication (1993). 2) AUTOSAR, http://www.autosar.org/. 3) OSEK/VDX, http://www.osek-vdx.org/. 4) TOPPERS http://www.toppers.jp/. 5) EMB Vol.2007, No.121, pp.21 25 (2007). 7 c 2009 Information Processing Society of Japan