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1 2013 M

2 2013 : M DCG 3DCG 3DCG 2D 3DCG 2D 1 1 3DCG 3D

3 I

4 1.1 ( c storia Co., Ltd.) ( c ) ( c NHKJapan Broadcasting Corporation) c NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation ( c NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation ) ( c NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation ) ( c ABC ) ( c ABC ) ( c ABC ) ( c NBGI/PROJECT im@s) ( c 2012 NEXON Korea Corporation. G THING SOFT.) II

5 III

6 (3DCG) (NPR) NPR 3DCG 3DCG Lake [1] 3D [2] Barla [3] 3D Barla 3DCG Kondo [4] 1

7 1 1 [5][6][7] [8] [17][10] : ( c storia Co., Ltd.) 1.2: ( c ) 1.3 2

8 1.3: ( c NHKJapan Broadcasting Corporation) 3DCG

アニメ作品で髪の表現は現実と違い 1 本 1 本の髪の毛ではなく房として表現されているため特徴的な髪の動きに合わせて

9 図 1.4: 切り込み型のハイライト上向図 1.5: 切り込み型のハイライト下向 c Japan Broadcasting c きの例 NHK Japan Broadcasting きの例 ( NHK Corporation ) Corporation c 図 1.6: 横顔のハイライトが短く変化する例 ( NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation ) アニメ作品で髪の表現は現実と違い 1 本 1 本の髪の毛ではなく房として表現されているため特徴的な髪の動きに合わせてハイライトの表現も髪の 1 本ではなく房や前髪など大きなまとまりに反射しているように描かれるキャラクターの行動などの動きの他にこのような髪の動きやまとまりを表現する手法がある杉崎ら [11][12] は房としてまとまったセルアニメ調の髪の動きをシミュレーション 4

10 Noble [13] 3DCG 2D [14][15][16] [17] [18] 3D : ( c ABC ) 5

11 D 2D 3D 2D : ( c ABC ) 6

12 1.9: ( c ABC ) 1 2D D

13 1.11: 1.10: ( c 2012 NEXON Korea Corporation. ( c NBGI/PROJECT im@s) G THING SOFT.) [19] 2D Shin [20] 8

14 2D 1.3 3DCG 2D 1 9

15 2D 3DCG 2D D 3DCG

16 CPU

17 2 3 UV d = A N A N e g A f (2.1) eg 2 + f < A N < eg 2 + f (2.1) A f 12

18 h k i j f (2.2) f = max(min(h + k, i), j) (2.2) k B C B C D D (2.3) D = B C C 2 C (2.3) Y = (0, 1, 0) (2.4) D k (2.4) k = D Y (2.4) g 13

19 l m n g (2.5) g = min(l m n, 1) (2.5) l O P E = P O P O E A F (2.6) F = E A (2.6) (2.6) F N l (2.7) l = F N (2.7) m A B G = A B H H B I H G J I J K K (2.8) K = H B B 2 B + H G G 2 G (2.8) r B (2.8) K m (2.9) 14

20 m = min( K B + 1, 1 r) (2.9) K 15

21 : OS Windows7 CPU AMD Phenom (tm) II X6 1090T 3.20 GHz GPU GeForce GTX 470 2D 16

22 : 17

23 3.2: 3.3: 3.4: 18

24 3.5: 19

25 DCG 2D 2D 2D 3 2D 3DCG 20

26 1 2D 21

27 22

28 [1] Lake A, Marshall C, Harris M, Blackstein, Stylized rendering techniques for scalable real-time 3D animation. Proceedings of Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering2000, [2] Hideki Todo, Ken-ichi Anjyo, William Baxter, Takeo Igarashi,Locally Controllable Stylized Shading, ACM Transactions on Graphics Volume 26, Issue 3, Article No.17 (SIGGRAPH2007), [3] An extended toon shader, Pascal Barla; Joelle Thollot; Lee Markosian, X-Toon, International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering (NPAR), 2006 [4] Ryo Kondo, Takashi Kanai, Kenichi Anjo, DirectableAnimationofElasticObjects, ACM SIGGRAPHSymposium on Computer Animation (2005). [5],,, [6],,, [7],,,

29 [8],, Memories of shonan institute of technology vol 47, No.1,2012. [9], no.08,, [10] 4Gamer.net,, < [11] Eiji Sugisaki and Yizhou Yu, Simulation-based cartoon hair animation, In 13th International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision WSCG 05. [12] Eiji sugisaki, Computer-Assisted Animation Creation Techniques for Hair Animation and Shade, Highlight, and Shadow.Waseda University [13] P Noble, W Tang, Modelling and Animating Cartoon Hair with NURBS Surfaces, Proc. CG International 2004, pp [14] D-Creation,, < [15] Moch Blog,, < [16],, < [17], CGWORLD vol.166,, [18], 2013 CG- WORLD,,

30 [19] Ken-ichi Anjo, William Baxter, Shuhei Wemler, Tweakable Light and Shade for Cartoon Animation, Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering, [20] Shin J, Haller M, Mukundan R, A stylized cartoon hair renderer. Hollywood, CA, ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology (ACE 06), Jun

2014 2D : M D Live2D Live2D E-mote Live2D

2014 2D : M D Live2D Live2D E-mote Live2D 2014 2D M0111017 2014 2D : M0111017 2D Live2D Live2D E-mote 2 1 2 20 Live2D 1 1 1.1................................... 1 1.2................................. 3 1.3............................... 4 1.4...................................