Eibeibunka 47: (2017)

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1 13 47, (2017) ISSN: Translations of Dickens s Sketches of Young Couples in the Meiji Era MIZUNO Takayuki Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide the results of my research on translations of Charles Dickens s Sketches of Young Couples in the Meiji era. In 1882 (the 15th year of Meiji) KASE Tsurutaro translated and published five pieces in Sketches of Young Couples as Seiyofufujijou. This is the very first Japanese translation of Dickens s work. While researching translations of Dickens s work in the Meiji era, I found that there are two more pieces in Sketches of Young Couples translated into Japanese. Both of them were done by a novelist, TOKUDA Shusei in 1896 (the 29th year of Meiji). It has been known that they are translations of Dickens s work, but the originals have not been confirmed. Interestingly, Sketches of Young Couples has been least read and moreover least studied among Dickens s works from the day of its publication to the present. In this paper, I firstly give general outlines of Sketches of Young Couples itself and how Kase s translation has been assessed by critics. Then I examine Tokuda s translations and Dickens s influence on Tokuda. Finally, by analyzing a trend in translations of Dickens s works in the Meiji era, I consider why Tokuda translated such minor pieces Charles Dickens

2 14 47 (2017) David Copperfield, Great Expectations, A Tale of Two Cities, ABC 19 Sketches of Young Couples, Boz Sketches by Boz, Edward Caswall Quiz

3 15 Sketches of Young Ladies 1838 Sketches of Young Gentlemen &

4 16 47 (2017) Dickens, Letters 213 John Forster Paul Schlicke 2010 Wendy Parkins Emotions, Ethics, and Society in Dickens s Sketches of Young Couples Schliche xxii

5 Drawn From Life. Sketches of Young Ladies, Young Gentlemen, and Young Couples First American Edition 3 3 Sketches of Young Couple 33

6 18 47 (2017) , 8 25 The Loving Couple

7 19 64 THERE cannot be a better practical illustration of the wise saw and ancient instance, that there may be too much of a good thing, than is presented by a loving couple. Undoubtedly it is meet and proper that two persons joined together in holy matrimony should be loving, and unquestionably it is pleasant to know and see that they are so; but there is a time for all things, and the couple who happen to be always in a loving state before company, are well nigh intolerable. Dickens, Sketches 167 The Contradictory Couple

8 20 47 (2017) William Shakespeare Sir Walter Scott Edward Bulwer Lytton

9 The Cool Couple 5

10 22 47 (2017) There is an old fashioned weather-glass representing a house with two doorways, in one of which is the figure of a gentleman, in the other the figure of a lady. When the weather is to be fine the lady comes out and the gentleman goes in; when wet, the gentleman comes out and the lady goes in. They never seek each other s society, are never elevated and depressed by the same cause, and have nothing in common. They are the model of a cool couple, except that there is something of politeness and consideration about the behaviour of the gentleman in the weather-glass, in which, neither of the cool couple can be said to participate. Dickens, Sketches The cool couple are seldom alone together, and when they are, nothing can exceed their apathy and dullness: the gentleman being for the most part drowsy, and the lady silent. If they enter into conversation, it is usually of an ironical or recriminatory nature. Dickens, Sketches When they meet in society, the cool couple are the best-bred people in existence. Dickens, Sketches 189

11 The Egotistical Couple

12 24 47 (2017) The Old Curiosity Shop,

13 EGOTISM in couples is of two kinds. It is our purpose to show this by two examples. The egotistical couple may be young, old, middle-aged, well-to-do, or ill-to-do; they may have a small family, a large family, or no family at all. There is no outward sign by which an egotistical couple may be known and avoided. They come upon you unawares; there is no guarding against them. No man can of himself be forewarned or forearmed against an egotistical couple. Dickens, Sketches

14 26 47 (2017) Dombey and Son, The Steam Excursion A Child s Dream of a Star The Black Veil The Drunkard s Death

15 ( 本稿は 2016 年 6 月 11 日に開催された英米文化学会第 150 回例会 ( 於日本大学 ) での発表原稿明治期におけるディケンズ作品翻訳受容の一端若夫婦に関するスケッチを中心にに加筆修正を施したものである ) Dickens, Charles. Drawn From Life. Sketches of Young Ladies, Young Gentlemen, and Young Couples. New York: Hurst, The Letters of Charles Dickens vol. 2. Eds. Madeline House and Graham Storey. Oxford: Clarendon, Sketches of Young Gentleman and Young Couples, with Sketches of Young Ladies by Edward Caswall. Oxford: Oxford UP, Parkins, Wendy. Emotions, Ethics and Sociality in Dickens s Sketches of Young Couples. Dickens Quarterly : Schlicke, Paul. Introduction. Sketches of Young Gentleman and Young Couples, with Sketches of Young Ladies by Edward Caswall. By Charles Dickens. Oxford: Oxford UP, vii xxvi

16 28 47 (2017) Dickens II

C. S2 X D. E.. (1) X S1 10 S2 X+S1 3 X+S S1S2 X+S1+S2 X S1 X+S S X+S2 X A. S1 2 a. b. c. d. e. 2

C. S2 X D. E.. (1) X S1 10 S2 X+S1 3 X+S S1S2 X+S1+S2 X S1 X+S S X+S2 X A. S1 2 a. b. c. d. e. 2 I. 200 2 II. ( 2001) 30 1992 Do X for S2 because S1(is not desirable) XS S2 A. S1 S2 B. S S2 S2 X 1 C. S2 X D. E.. (1) X 12 15 S1 10 S2 X+S1 3 X+S2 4 13 S1S2 X+S1+S2 X S1 X+S2. 2. 3.. S X+S2 X A. S1 2