We developed "Milky Queen", a new rice cultivar with a low amylose content in the endosperm. Low-amylose plants were selected from the progeny after t

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2 We developed "Milky Queen", a new rice cultivar with a low amylose content in the endosperm. Low-amylose plants were selected from the progeny after treatment of "Koshihikari" with a chemical mutagen, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. A mutant line from the M 7 generation was named "Kanto 168", and evaluated in collaboration with 45 prefectural experiment stations from 1992 to Kanto 168 was registered as Paddy Rice Norin 332 and named Milky Queen by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in The main reason for releasing Milky Queen is that its grain is superior to that of Koshihikari in terms of cooking, eating, and processing quality. The amylose content of Milky Queen ranged from 9.1 to 12.2%, averaging 10.1%. The amylose content of Milky Queen was approximately 60% of that of Koshihikari, averaging 17.5%. Taste panelists at NARC rated Milky Queen as superior to Koshihikari, for plain steamed rice, cooked rice balls, and boiled rice with assorted ingredients. Major agronomic traits of Milky Queen were nearly equivalent to those of Koshihikari in paddy fields. Grains of Milky Queen were characterized by a dull endosperm intermediate between waxy and nonglutinous endosperm. Brown rice seeds of Milky Queen were slightly smaller than those of Koshihikari. The single brown rice weight of Milky Queen was 19.8 mg and that of Koshihikari, 20.5 mg. Milky Queen was not adapted to heavy chemical fertilizer use in paddy fields because it was susceptible, like Koshihikari, to lodging after heading and leaf- and panicle-blast disease. Milky Queen is adaptable to most of the Koshihikari growing areas in and south of the southern part of the Tohoku District in Japan. : Eating quality, Low-amylose, New cultivar, Paddy rice, Processing quality

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20 Amano, E.Genetic fine structure of induced mutant gene in cereals. Gamma Field Symposia Nakagahra, M., T. Nagamine and K. Okuno Spontaneous occurrence of low amylose genes and geographical distribution of amylose content in rice. Rice Genet. Newsl., -. Okuno, K., H. Fuwa and M. Yano A new mutant gene lowering amylose content in endosperm starch in rice, Oryza sativa L. Japan. J. Breed., -. Okuno, K., T. Nagamine, M. Oka, M. Kawase, M. Katsuta, Y. Egawa and M. Nakagahra New lines harboring du genes for low amylose content in endosperm starch of rice. JARQ, -. - Satoh, H.Genic mutations affecting endosperm properties in rice. Gamma Field Symposia -. Satoh, H. and T. OmuraInduction of mutation by the treatment of fertilized egg cell with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in rice. J. Fac. Agr. Kyushu Univ.,

22 "Milky Queen", A New High-Quality Rice Cultivar with Low Amylose Content in Endosperm Kazuo ISE, Yoshihiro AKAMA, Noboru HORISUE, Akira NAKANE, Masao YOKOO, Ikuo ANDO, Takeo HATA, Mitsuru SUTO, Kenji NUMAGUCHI, Hiroshi NEMOTO, Hiroshi FURUTACHI and Tokio IMBE We developed "Milky Queen", a new rice cultivar with a low amylose content in endosperm starch, by mutation breeding with the cultivar "Koshihikari" at the National Agriculture Research CenterNARCTsukuba, Japan. Koshihikari is a nonglutinous rice cultivar most widely grown in Japan and very popular with consumers due to high cooking quality. The main reason for releasing Milky Queen is that its grain is superior to that of Koshihikari in terms of cooking, eating, and processing quality. Milky Queen was selected in at NARC, as a single M generation plant with a low amylose content in the endosperm. Low-amylose plants were selected from the progeny after treatment of Koshihikari with a chemical mutagen, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. M seeds on M plants were observed for endosperm characteristics in. Two mutant lines, M and M, were selected for dull endosperm in the M generation and genetically fixed in subsequent generations. M from the M generation was named Kanto and evaluated in tests in collaboration with prefectural experiment stations from to. Kanto was registered as Paddy Rice Norin and named Milky Queen by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in September, and registered as Protected Variety No. under the Seeds and Seedlings Law of Japan in May. "Milky" refers to the grain's dull endosperm and "queen" to its high cooking, eating and processing quality. Agronomic traits in paddy fields and grain characteristics of Milky Queen were compared to those of the parental cultivar, Koshihikari at NARC from to. Milky Queen's characteristics were very similar to those of Koshihikari except for the yield Received 13 December, 2001 Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences The latea former head of Rice Breeding Laboratory of National Agriculture Research Center National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Technical Information Society University of Tsukuba National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region Nagano Agricultural Experiment Station Aomori Agricultural Experiment Station National Center for Seeds and Seedlings National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences

23 potential, single grain weight and amylose content in endosperm. The yield potential of Milky Queen was slightly lower than that of Koshihikari. Milky Queen was not adapted to heavy chemical fertilizer use in paddy fields because it was susceptible, like Koshihikari, to lodging after heading and leaf- and panicle-blast disease. Kernels of Milky Queen are nonaromatic and have a light brown pericarp and dull endosperm. Brown rice seeds average. mm in length and. mm in width, compared to. mm in length and. mm in width for Koshihikari. The brown rice weight of Milky Queen is. g/ and that of Koshihikari is. g/. Grains of Milky Queen were characterized by a dull endosperm intermediate between waxy and nonglutinous endosperm. The amylose content of Milky Queen ranged from. to.%, averaging.%. The amylose content of Milky Queen was approximately % that of Koshihikari, averaging.%. Taste panelists at NARC rated Milky Queen as superior to Koshihikari, for plain steamed rice, cooked rice ballsonigirikept at room temperature, and boiled rice with assorted ingredients. In agronomic tests conducted at prefectural agricultural experiment stations from to, major agronomic traits of Milky Queen were nearly equivalent to those of Koshihikari tested as a check cultivar. Milky Queen is adaptable to most of the Koshihikari growing areas in and south of the southern part of the Tohoku District in Japan.

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ñ{ï 01-65 191252005.2 19 *1 *2 *3 19562000 45 10 10 Abstract A review of annual change in leading rice varieties for the 45 years between 1956 and 2000 in Japan yielded 10 leading varieties of non-glutinous lowland