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1 , ﾀ縺0408 縺ﾀ05 縺ｨｨ (060). ﾀ , ｨﾀﾁｨ , ｨ " " ﾀ , ｨｨ , ｨｨ " " ﾀ , ｨ , ｨｨﾁﾁ PACS number: Mq (63) (64) (64). 4. 縺 , ｨ (66) 縺 (7) 縺ｨ縺ｨ (81) ｨ (85) (85) , ｨ , , , , (095) (095) antok@akin.ru [1] , ｨ (060), ｨ, ｨｨ , (0803. [ 05 1]) ｨ (0808) 060; " ", , ｨ , [11, 1], : ｨ [1], ｨ , [13] ｨ , , ｨ , ﾁ , [14] , ｨｨｨ 0904 ﾁｨ 05 ﾁ , , , ｨ [35], ﾁ縺ｨｨﾁﾁﾁ , , ｨﾁﾁﾁ050905ｨﾀ05ｨｨ [1]. #

2 閨 [ , [, 13] , ﾁｨｨﾀ [3] ﾁｨｨｨｨ : c , ｨ , ｨ , ﾁ y , , , (single bubble sonoluminescence) , , ｨｨｨ 08 " ", ﾀ05ｨｨ , ｨﾁﾁ , , 09, , 縺ｨｨ , ｨ , , ｨ U. ﾀ U 縺 , T [4] ( , ), [5] , ｨ , ｨｨ, ｨ ( , ) U , p h ( ) , ; [5] p h , [4, 9], [6] ( ﾁ [7]): ( 閨0 [ ]), ( 閨0 [ ]) ( 閨0 [4, 9]) U, U, T 1, K ﾁ [3], [33, 34] , [15, 16], , [17] [18] [19] [8], T pl , ｨｨ [14] [0] , ｨ [1], [1, 0] ｨ : Xe>Kr>Ar>Ne>He>H , , CS, Br, CH 3 I, CCl 4 [14] ｨ , p h, 10 5 ﾀｨｨﾁ [36, 37]. ﾀ0709 ｨﾁ , ｨｨｨ [8] ｨｨｨ , ｨ , Xe, Kr, Ar, O 閨ｨ , [38, 39], [33] : DT max, U (00): 閨0 ( , ) DT max ( , 4) (01): : 1 ｨｬ 0,8; ｨｬ 1,6; 3 ｨｬ,4; 4 ｨｬ 3,

3 , 0 3] 06 縺04 縺 ) H O ; 4) : H6ｦ0OH!H O ｭB6 9! H... OH... M07!H O6ｦ0M6ｦ0hn : U, U, U, l, ) H O * ; ) ｨ OH * : H O ｭB6 9! H 6ｦ0 OH ｭ S 6ｦ0 6 9! H O 6ｦ0 OH ｭX6 9 6ｦ0 hn , 310, 318, ; ,6 767,8 773,0 6 l, l, : (00) ｨｬ , : 1 ｨｬ閨0, ; ｨｬ閨0, ; 3 ｨｬ閨0, Xe; 4 ｨｬ閨0, Xe [8]; 5 ｨｬ閨0, Ar [6]; 6 ｨｬｨ [156]; 7 ｨｬ , ( % Ar) [33]; (01) ｨｬ NaCl; (0) ｨｬ KCl ｨ , , ｨｬﾀｨ , ｨｨｨ , ｨ , ｨ , ｨ [40] ( , ). 縺ｨｬ , NO 3, ｨ OH* H O *. ﾀ0709 ｨｨｨｬ [41, 4] ｨｨｨ , NaCl 閨0 D Na , ｨﾀ閨 D , [8] ( 0;8 0403) ｨ ( , 0) [43, 44] [45] ｨ NaCl D Na ｨ , NaCl, ｨｨﾁﾁﾁ000805, ｨ [46]; ｨ [47] ｨｨ , ｨﾁｨ MX ｨ MX! DE M 6ｦ0 X ; M!M 6ｦ0 hn m : ｭｨｨｨｨ , [48], ｨｨ , ｨｨ [48] , ｨ 09

4 閨 [ [9, 30], [51] [9, 30, 5] ｨｨ ( ), C ｭd 3 P g 05 a 3 P u 6 9, ｨﾁﾁ [9, 30] ﾁｨ , ｨ , , , ,6, 516,5, 473,7, 438, d 3 P g! 3 P u c Dn 0ｷ3 1, 0, 1, 縺 , [150] , [177] ｨ , ﾀ0709 ｨ , , ｨ , ｨ閨0709 ﾁ [56], H, OH, [57] ｨｨｨ , ﾁｨ , , ｨ , , , [4] [58] , 縺 , [59], ｨﾀ (05 ﾀ), ｨ [4, 60, 61] rr 6ｦ0 3 _r 6ｦ0 1 p 1 p v p g 6ｦ0 s r r 6ｦ0 4m_r 0ｷ3 0 ; ｭ6 9 r CH CO C r ｨｬ , r, s 09 m ｨｬ , , p 1 ｨｬ , p g 09 p v ｨｬ U, l, 0403 p 1 0ｷ3 p h p m sin ot ; p h 09 p m ｨｬ , o ｨｬ [4, 6], p g 6ｦ0 p v , r r, ﾁ p g 6ｦ0 p v 0ｷ3 p g0 6ｦ0 s 3g r0 6ｦ0 p s ; ｭ46 9 r 0 r ｭ : 1 ｨｬ , ; ｨｬ , ( 90 % Ar) [5]; 3 ｨｬｨ , Ar [30] g ｨｬ , p g0 09 p s ｨｬ T 1. ﾀ (3) 09 (4) 0 () (HH) 4. 縺 , ｨｨ : ｨ [55] ｨｨ " ", " " , , ｨｨ, , , 縺 , ｨ , 0 ﾁ " " ｨ , ｨ [9, 15], ｨ

5 , 0 3] 06 縺04 縺ｨﾁﾁ [4, 55]: rr 6ｦ0 3 _r 6ｦ0 1 p h p m sin ot p s 6ｦ0 s r r 6ｦ0 4m_r r p g0 6ｦ0 s 3g r0 0ｷ3 0 : ｭ56 9 r 0 r 縺 , ﾁﾀ , (4), T 1 ( , ). ﾀ [63] ﾀ , , ﾁ (4) , [63] , (4) ; ｨ閨 , v kr, , : T 1 0ｷ3 393 K , [4, 168] R max f, f ｨｬ , 09, , R max 0ｷ f 0ｷ36 01 閨0, ﾀ05ｨｨﾀ v kr, ｨ , ﾀ05ｨ , [63, 14], ﾁ (4) p g 6ｦ0 p v , ｨﾁ : p g 6ｦ0 p v 0ｷ3 p g0 6ｦ0 s r 0 r0 R max 3 6ｦ0 p s R 3 max r 3 g ; ｨ p g min R max, p ad , ｨ 0404 (5), p ad 0ｷ3 p g min, ﾁ p ad 0ｷ3 p g min 6ｦ0 p s. ﾀ T max (6), (4), (5) T max T 1, ｨｨ ( , ) , [63] ｨ , " " ; , ｨ , [71], , , ﾁ , p s. ｭ [7, 14] , , ｨﾁ , ｨﾁ , ( ) , ﾁ p 0 p ad R 3 max r 3 b 3 1 gp ; p ad ﾁ (6), b 1 ｨｬ , , b 3 1 0ｷ3 3nb 4p ; b ｨｬ , n ｨｬﾀ g p ﾁ [14] g p 0ｷ3 g 6ｦ0 apn C V RT ｭ86 9 ( g ｨｬ , a ｨｬ , C V ｨｬ , R ｨｬ ) [14] , " " (p m < ) g p g , ｨ , ﾁｨﾁ , ｨ (5), ｨｨ [9]: rr 6ｦ0 3 _r 6ｦ0 1 p h p m sin ot 6ｦ0 s r r 6ｦ0 4m_r r R 3 g ｭp g min 6ｦ0 p s 6 9 max r 3 b 3 0ｷ3 0 : ｭﾀ , p ｭt6 9 hp m i, , [14] (9) =3 r min 0ｷ3 b 3 1 6ｦ0 R3 max ; ｭ106 9 A 1= ｭg A , A 0ｷ3 1 6ｦ0 p h 6ｦ0 hp m i ; ｭ p ad hp m i ｨｬ ( , p m ) ﾁ (10) ｨ , , ﾁ , ｭ76 9

6 閨 [ (10), A > A kr R max =b 1 ( ｨ ) [14] A kr ｨ : A 3 kr RT 1 p ad b : ｭﾁ (1) , T 1 0ｷ3 300 K R max, p ad 0ｷ , " " , ｨｬ [14] T max 09 p max ｨｨ , , , A < 3A kr =4 09 g 0ｷ3 4= _r max p 4 ad 3A=4 3r 1 6ｦ0 ｭ3A=4A kr ; ｭ136 9 = ｦ0 ｭ3A=4A kr = , A 4 A kr, _r max A3 kr ｭp h 6ｦ0 hp m i6 9 ; 3r ﾁ , ｨ , _r max < c ﾁ _r max 0ｷ3 c, ｨ [14] [147], " " ｨ , ｨｬ [4], [64], [ ] , , , ﾁ " " , ｨ , , 0405 ﾁ , ﾁｨ , ｨ , ｭ _T6 9 max K ﾁ , ｨﾁ , ﾁ [68, 69] ﾁﾁﾀ [70] ﾀ ( ()), r 0ｷ3 r ｭt6 9 6ｦ0 a ｭt6 9Y nm ｭy; j6 9 ; ｭ a ｭt6 9 ｨｬﾁ r ｭt ｨ ,Y nm ｭy; j6 9 ｨｬ 08 ﾁｨﾁﾁ : ja n =rj 5 1. 縺 (), r ﾁ (14), , ｨ , , , ｨｨ, [130] , ｨｨﾁﾁ , ｨ (ｨﾁﾁ ), , [131], , ｨｨｨﾁ , ｨ , ｨ (Csd) ｨ , p Q 0ｷ3 e Csd ; ｭ e ｨｬｨ , C ｨｬ , s 09 d ｨｬ E 0ｷ3 4e r p p Cd ; ｭ r p ｨｬ , C 0ｷ , d 0ｷ r p 0ｷ E , E kr ﾀ00. 縺 [131] [13]

7 , 0 3] 06 縺04 縺 C 0ｷ (ｨ ; ｨ ) , p04=7 C H 6ｦ0 0ｷ E E kr , , , , 09 E d l , E ﾀ00, l d d ﾀ05ｨ , ｨｬ , [14] ｨ , ｨ [13], , , 09 E kr , ﾁ , , ｨ [133] , , , ｨﾀﾁ0008, ｨｨ [13], [133] ｨ : ｨ , 0409 ﾁﾁｨ , , , , ｨﾁ , , [14], ｨ [73, 13] , [133] ｨｨ [74], ｨ ( ) ｨｨ ( ) 縺ｨｨｨ閨 , ｨｨｨ 0409 ﾁﾁｨ , ﾁ0008. 縺ｨﾁﾁ , ﾀ ( ), , ｨﾁ , ｨ縺ﾁ ( ) ｨ , ｨﾁﾁ : ; 07ｨ , ; ｨ , [75]. ﾀﾁﾁﾀ0709 ｨｨﾁｨｬﾀｨﾁｨﾁ ( ), ﾁ : ( ) [68] ( ) [159] ; " " ( ) [76]; ( ) [77] ; ( ). 縺 " " ｨﾁﾁｨ 0808, [78], ﾁ ( ) [79], [68] ﾀ [4] ﾁ [58] , 閨ﾁ , , ｨﾁ : (00) 08 ﾁ ; (01, 0) [68]; (03) [68]; (04) [69]; (05) ｨ [76]; (07) , ﾁ [79]; (08) 閨0 [77]; (09)

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ｧ [ , ｨ 08 08 1309ｨ 0208 2006 03. 070503 176, 02 7 0806 ﾀ07 09 090908090107060109 04030801 030707 縺0609010706010907 08030307070109 0305090008090001090208040705 ﾁ000807, ﾁ000805020705 0607050207000505040909 09 ﾁ000805020705