1 6ｦ apple apple. 586ｦ76 56ｦ 7 VII 1 III I 11 IV 79. VI V 5 XIV VIII IX 1 apple. 5flｹ91 XIV 9 II XIII XI XII X apple. 16ｦa

Transcription

1 15ｨｬ1ｨｦｨｦ7ｨ ｨｹ ｨ 595ｨｦｨｦ7ｨ ｨｹ, 8, 6ｧ8 5, ｨｬ / 56ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ, ｨｨｨｺｨｦｨｺ15ｨｦ 7 ｨ ｨ ｨ 5ｨｺ5ｨ ｨｹｨ 5 1ｨｺ151ｨｦ 5ｨｬ1ｨ ｨｮ51ｨｦ 9ｨｪｨｺ ｨC ｦ , , , ｦ96ｦapple ｨ ｦ ｨｦ ｨｺ, ｨｨapple786ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ6196, ｦｹ6ｦ ｦ 77999ｹ ｸ8 ｨｺ, ｨｨapple786ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ6196, 686 ｨｨ76896ｦ 6 5 apple 6ｦ1ｷ9ｸ ｷｸ9 99ｹ9fl 7apple6ｦｷ97ｸ8 8apple7ｷ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple ｦ- 7 flｸ76 776fl ｸ9ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196 (16ｦｹ6ｦ16ｦ) ｸ86ｦ 679 6ｦ6ｦ ｦ fl96ｦｸ ｹ apple96ｦ 76 77apple6ｦ976 5ｸ appleｸ8 99apple ｹ ｹｸ8 179ｹ66 5ｸ8 6ｦapple6ｦ1apple apple6ｦｷ97ｸ8 8apple7ｷ6676 5, 66 5fl96ｦｸ ｸ9ｸ799 fl6 5-9fl9: 996 5apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple97 ｸ , ｨC (996 5apple apple7 786ｦ6fl 87 6ｦ67flｸ7 6 5applefl, 6 5apple6ｦ ); 8apple7appleｸ ｦ96ｦ76 5 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 6ｹ96ｦ fl 6 76ｦ69, ｦ6 5 96ｦ 9 apple6ｦ76ｦ6 7-6ｦ9ｹ apple89, 177apple apple9apple ; 697, = 6.9, 9applefl ｹ ｦｹ6ｦ apple ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6ｦ ｦ apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦｸ96fl 6 596ｦ9766 5fl9 7apple6ｦｷ apple ｦ9ｹ6176 fl7-6ｸ9 9 6ｦ96 56ｦｸ appleｸ89 916ｦｸ89 fl6 59fl9, 9 6ｦ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8. 555ｨ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ6196 ｷapple, 9ｸ9ｸ796 apple6ｦ9appleｸ8 ﾁ 6 1, apple6ｦ apple 6 ｹ6ｦ69 6ｦ ｹ ｦ9ｹ ｸ8 16ｦｹ6ｦ- 19 8apple9apple apple ｨｨapple786ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ ｦ7 fl6fl ｦ9ｹ apple71, 6 56ｦ appleｸ8 fl6 5flｸ96fl ｸ ｸ9ｸ ｦ6ｦ9 I, II, (apple96.1) [, 16]. 516ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦｸ8 6ｦ196 5ｸ ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ [] apple89fl, 16ｦ1 8apple6ｦ6 597, ｸ89 8apple7 789ｸ89 9 8apple apple97 ｸ , , 1997, , [, 19, 1]. ｨｦ ｨB 996 5apple ｦ6 5ｸ apple9 8apple97 6ｦ ｸ ,.56 1 [],.1 1 [1]. ｨｦｹapple apple89 6ｦｹ6ｦ appleappleｸ86 56ｦ9 8apple7 786ｦ6fl 7 6ｦ67flｸ apple- 9 (6 5apple6ｦ ). ｨｦ 6ｦ17 6ｦ ｹ17 apple6ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ apple89fl 8apple ｦｸ8 67 ｸ89fl. ｨ 6ｦ ｹ6ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ 996 5apple89fl 6 516ｦ- 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple apple applefl69 6 = ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ 1 1 [,, ]. ｨ applefl69 6ｦ ｸ8 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ ｦ9ｹ617 87fl6 16ｦｹ6ｦ ｹ9 8apple ｸ8 ｸ ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ ｹ619 6ｦ ｸ9 96 6ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦｹ6ｦ apple9apple7 ｹapple9 1 ｹ 876 6ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ 996 5apple89fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ apple6ｦ667fl apple apple6ｦ76ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ apple ｦappleｸ apple, apple6ｦ ｦ apple 6ｹ96ｦ fl ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 177apple [15, ]. 5 16ｦappleｸ8617 ｷapple 6ｦ apple6ｦ667fl ｦ- appleｸ ｦ6ｦ 6ｦ7 96fl ｸ ｸ9- ｸ ｦ ｨC 6ｦｸ86 5flｹ91 (apple96. 1) apple6ｦapple 6ｦ7 96fl 697 9apple6ｦ ｦ7 79apple7, 6 7-8apple6ｦapple6ｦ apple6ｦ6676ｦ fl6fl 7 7 縺5, , ｦ apple7ｷ6676 5, 8apple7967 flｸ apple767 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ617 7ｹ6ｦ6 7 [17] ｨC ｹ1apple ｦ ｦ 6 516ｦ 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ76. 5 ｷapple6ｦ76 ｹ6ｦ69 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ ｹ ｹ619 8apple7967 fl apple ｦ71-79ｹ619 9applefl696, 6 5 6ｦ67flｸ7 6 5applefl ｹ17 apple6ｦ67 fl6 5fl6fl ｦ9 7 6ｦ196 5ｸ apple97-16ｦｹ6ｦ ｦ9ｹ fl66ｦ [, 19]. ｨ ｦ9fl 7apple6ｦｷ apple ｹ17 ｷapple, 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5ｸ8 6ｦ 99ｹ apple- ｸ , 6apple79fl 17appleｸ8, 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｦ9ｹ619 8apple7ｷ (6 5 apple9 6ｦ appleｸ8, 7 apple6ｦ976 56ｦ9 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ619 7ｹ6ｦ ｸ8, 6ｦ ｦ9ｹ apple8-96) 9 8apple apple896, ｸ89 6ｦｹ6ｦｸ ｨ ｦ (ｨ 5) ｨｺ ｸ9ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196, 6ｦ ｨC 56ｦ6 5767ｹｸ8 6ｦｹ1apple ｹ619 8apple 8apple9fl9 (55 7ｨｨ) 6 apple6ｦ76 68 ｸ ｦapple76 7apple6ｦ99 ｨｺ6 6ｦ ｸ76ｦ 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ [1] ｹ ｸ ｹ619 99apple9fl - 7apple6ｦｷ apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ- 1

2 1 6ｦ apple apple. 586ｦ76 56ｦ 7 VII 1 III I 11 IV 79. VI V 5 XIV VIII IX 1 apple. 5flｹ91 XIV 9 II XIII XI XII X apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl apple ｦappleｸ ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 XV ｦｹ6ｦ16ｦ 17 XVII apple. 586ｦ76 56ｦ 5 6 1apple77ｷ196 96ｦ ｨｺ ｦ ｹ619 apple6ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple. 1 ｨC 67apple7ｸ apple96ｦ6 7flｷ99; ｨC ｸ867177ｹ apple76 56ｦ9fl; ｨC 666 5ｸ9ｸ79 6apple6ｦ76 516ｦｸ8: I ｨC 16ｦappleｸ86196; II ｨC 6ｦｸ86 5flｹ91; ｨC 16ｦ appleｸ ｦ ｦappleｸ86196, 16ｦ 99 6ｦ apple (6ｦ 6 5apple91); 5 ｨC ｦｸ8 16ｦappleｸ apple88ｸ8 (ｷ9appleｸ apple816ｦ): III ｨC 56 57apple, IV ｨC ｨｺ6ｦ96ｦｸ86, V ｨC 1apple6ｦ696, VI ｨC 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 ｨｦ , VII ｨC 57 79ｸ86, VIII ｨC 58ｹ6ｦｸ86 6ｦ697, IX ｨC 576, X ｨC ｨｨapple9 apple8ｸ86 8ｸ86, XI ｨC 56ｦ, XII ｨC ｨｨapple9 apple8ｸ appleｸ86, XIII ｨC 6ｦ ｸ86, XIV ｨC apple976 5ｸ86, XV ｨC 596ｦapple6ｦ, XVI ｨC fl196ｦ, XVII ｨC 586ｦ applefl19. appleｸ ｨ ｨｺ ｨC 55ｨｦ ｨｺ, 6ｦ ｸ apple6ｦ6 578apple917 ｨC ｨ ｦ (ｨ 595) 55ｨｦ ｨｺ (99apple9fl 6 5ｸ887fl , 1976, 199, ). 55 7ｨｨ 8apple ｦ ｸ9 9fl 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ , 1977, 1981, 198, , 6 16ｦ8 ｸ8 apple6ｦ97 6ｦ- apple6ｦｸ796 56ｦfl appleapple97apple9ｸ9 78apple766ｦ. ｨｺ96ｦｸ ｹ619 99apple96 6 5apple9-16ｦｸ apple9976ｦｸ8 6766ｦ6 5flｸ9ｸ79 7apple- 6ｦｷ apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ- appleｸ apple ｸ8 6 5 [1]. ｨｨapple9 9 apple6ｦ667apple99 6 8apple996ｦ ｦ- 9 7, ｹ apple76 78apple 9fl 6 77apple997-6ｦｸ ( ｦ97 6ｸ7-9 8apple9 apple6ｦ667fl9fl ) ｸ86ｦ ｹ ﾀ(1) ﾁ 1 ｨC5 D, 6 7 D ｨC apple6ｦ667fl ｦ ｦ9apple6ｦ. ｨ 9apple9fl 6 5 8apple ｹ7 apple- 96ｦ ｦ apple6ｦ667appleｸ ｸ8 6 5 [1]. ｨｺ96ｦｸ8 apple6ｦ ｨｨ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6 5 8apple , 9 99apple ｦ6ｦ, 6 5ｸ887ｸ8 6ｦ 7apple6ｦ7apple ｨ 5 55ｨｦ ｨｺ 6 5 8apple , fl9 6 6ｦ ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｹ76ｸ9 apple6ｦ676ｦ 8apple96 57 fl6fl 6 5 [1]. 6ｦ ｦ99 6ｦｸ apple9976ｦｸ8 6766ｦ6 5- flｸ9ｸ79 7apple6ｦｷ apple ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6 5 8apple ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 8apple9apple7 ﾁ 5 1 [1] ｸ8 ｸ89 78apple ｸ apple flfl ｦ ｷapple6ｦ 6ｦ6 59fl 6 5 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ617 7ｹ6ｦ6 7, apple6ｦ6 56ｦfl 18. ﾀ.8 1 []. 9appleｸ8 96ｦ6ｦｷ apple ｦ69 apple6ｦ 966ｦ 15 1, 177appleｸ8 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ , , ｨC , apple6ｦ6876ｦ6 76ｦ ｦ6ｦ9 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 16ｦappleｸ , , 1ｨC apple apple7appleｸ86 5 6ｦ96ｦ ｦｸ9ｸ76 appleｸ ｸ9ｸ apple ｦappleｸ apple.

3 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ 5 199, 199, ｦ ｸ9 9fl 96ｦ ｦ apple769 ｸ89 8apple7 78ｸ8 6ｦ 7apple6ｦ7apple ｨ 5, 7 6ｦ 96ｦｹ97 6 appleapple97apple ｦ6ｦ. ｨ 6ｦ9, ｹ7 6ｦｹ96ｦfl , fl fl ｸ867177ｹ ｹ6176 6ｦ886ｦapple6ｦappleｸ8, 876 7apple76 78apple 9fl 6 77apple9976ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ96 apple917 96ｦ6 9 66ｦ6ｦ 8 ﾀ ﾁ 1 ｨC6 D. 57apple6ｦｷ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｹ1apple ｷapple6ｦ ｦappleｸ apple, 99appleｸ8 6apple6ｦ ｸ896 1ｨC ｦ- apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 8apple96 5 ｸ8 6 5 [1]. ｨｨ798 6ｦ76 87ｹ9 6ｦｸ apple9976ｦ- ｸ ｦ 6ｦ 96ｦｹ97 76 appleapple97apple99 ｨC ﾁ 5 1. ｨｴ fl 6 5 7ｹ 686ｦ apple96 5 ｸ8 6 5 [11]. ｨｦ ｸ ｦｸ8 fl 7ｹ9fl ｹ ｦ6 59fl [7]. ｨ ｦ9fl 916ｦｸ8 8apple9apple7 ｸ8 fl6 596 ｨC appleｸ apple ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 66 5fl96ｦｸ ｦ9ｹ619 8apple7ｷ6676 5, 8apple ｨ 5 55ｨｦ ｨｺ 6 66ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ [15, ]. 5fl 6 5ｸ8-879fl ｹ ｦ96 ｸ86ｦ 7apple6 76ｦ ｦ6ｦ ｦfl 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｹ1168 9ｷ9fl ｨ 5 55ｨｦ ｨｺ ｦ ｸ8 7applefl 76 5: 6 516ｦ776 79ｹ , ｹ , apple799ｹ , 6apple1apple ｹ ｦｹｸ8 apple ｹ1168 9ｷ99 ｸ8 6ｦ16ｦ , 6ｦ- ｹ6ｦ917 ｹ1168 9ｷ99 ｨC.. 6ｦ ｨC ｸ ｦ9fl 9-16ｦｸ apple ｦ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 16ｦappleｸ86196, 66 5fl96ｦｸ apple7ｷ fl9fl 6ｦ 71apple86ｦｸ9ｸ7ｸ9 6apple 66ｦ ｸ89 6ｦ6 77 6ｦapplefl apple81 87 applefl 8apple76 7apple6ｦ 9 8apple ｦ19 ｨｺ6, ｨｺ, ｨｺ66ｨ 9 apple ｦ19 ｨC 98apple76ｦ19 ｨｺ6 87 apple896 56ｦ7 6 ｸ9ｸ79 apple6ｦ 7ｸ8 9 8apple71ｸ8: ｨC ｨC apple6ｦ- 7ｸ8 87 ｰｨ ｦ apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ, 66 5fl96ｦｸ ｹ619, ｹ ｹ619 8apple7ｷ fl9fl 6ｦ 71apple86ｦｸ9ｸ7ｸ9 6apple ｱ (apple6ｦ687applefl89fl 6ｧ8 61, 77, 157, 175, 7, 17, 7, 1.9/ｨC19, 6.9/8); ｨC 87 8apple71 ｰ516ｦ 666 5ｸ9ｸ ｦ apple7ｷ66ｸ8 999fl 8apple9apple7 76 6apple ｸ8, 8apple apple ｦ76 5 ｱ, 87-8apple , 7ｨｪｨｨ 6ｧ8 16 ｰ77 6ｦｸ8 999fl 8apple9apple7 76 6apple ｸ ｦ6ｦ ｱ; ｨC ｨC 87 8apple71 ｰ589 96ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ9, 8apple ｦ apple ｦ 71apple86ｦｸ9- ｸ7ｸ9 6apple ｱ, 8apple , 87 8apple76 7apple6ｦ6ｦ ｰ77 6ｦ- ｸ8 999fl 8apple9apple7 76 6apple ｸ ｦ6ｦ ｱ 9-8apple76ｦ19 ｨｺ6. ｨｨ7 apple816ｦ 96ｦ19 ｨｺ ｨC ｸ86ｦ 716ｦ96ｦ6ｦ 87 87appleｹ9ｸ9 996apple6ｦ 6ｦ16ｦ- 916ｦ.ｨｨ. 19apple89ｹ ｦ. 5 ｨC apple6ｦ16ｦ ｨｨapple76 7apple6ｦｸ8 6ｦ- 6ｦｸ ｦ96 ｨｨapple99 96ｦ ｨｺ 6ｧ8 1 ｰｨ 99 71apple86ｦｸ9ｸ76 6apple ｸ ｦ6ｦ: 8apple9apple7 ｸ8 16ｦ6ｦ6apple7ｸ8 ｱ 6 5ｸ887fl6fl 776 8apple71 ｰｨ 96 5apple89fl 6 516ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ19: 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｦ9, 6ｦ99, apple6ｦ96 599, 8apple7 1ｸ8, 66 5fl96ｦ- ｸ8 8apple7ｷ66ｸ8, 786ｦ ｦ 71apple86ｦ- ｸ9ｸ7ｸ9 6apple ｱ (8apple71 55ｨｦ ｨｺ 6ｧ ). 5ｸ887fl96 6ｦ18 8apple71ｸ8 ｨｺ66ｨ , apple. ｨｺ ｦ96 56ｦｸ8 8apple ｨC ｸ8 6ｦ16ｦ apple6ｦ9-7 6ｦ96 56ｦｸ8 8apple ｸ ｹ ｦ9fl. ｨ 96 5apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple7 786ｦ apple apple 6ｦ6 76ｦ ｦ- ｷ99 (7fl apple ) appleｸ ｹ619 99apple9fl 6 ｷｸ9 87ｹ9fl 179ｹ66 5ｸ8 6ｦapple6ｦ1apple apple6ｦｷ9fl apple apple6ｦ ｸ76ｦｸ96fl 6 5ｸ86 57 ｸ8 8apple ｹ ｦ , apple6ｦ9 1. ｨｨ7- apple ｦ6 76ｦｸ96fl apple96ｦｸ8 99apple96 7apple6ｦ- ｷ apple ｨC apple6 7 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ apple6ｦ67 8apple7appleｸ86 56ｦ 6ｦ96ｦ76 5 1ｨC ｦ apple 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 6ｦ 6ｦ18 6ｦ 76 ｹ6ｦ- 69, ﾁ 5 1, 87ｸ76ｦ 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ 6 571apple6 7 9, apple6ｦ9 ｸ8 9. 6ｦ ｦ ｹ619, 6ｦ 6ｦ ｹ ｦ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8 apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ6fl 6ｦ appleｸ apple896 1ｨC , ｦ9ｹ6176 fl fl96ｦｸ8 6 6 fl ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple, apple6ｦ ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ ｨ ｨｦ9 ｨｨｨｦ5ｨｺ7ｨｦ5ｨｪｨ 5 1ｨｺ151ｨｦ 5ｨｬ1ｨ ｨｮ51ｨｦ 9ｨｪｨｺ ｨｨｨｦ 51 ｨ 5ｨｪｨｺｨｬｨｪｨｲ17 ｨ ｨ ｨｺｨ 9 1 6ｦｹ6ｦ ｹ ｦ ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ7 96fl 6 5 7ｹapple 76 66ｦ 99 ｹ1apple ｦ , 177apple6ｦfl 6ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ ｦ ｦ17ｹ96ｦ ｦ apple [, 19, 1]. ｨｦ676 5ｸ8 6 5ｸ86 57 ｸ8 7 7apple6ｦｷ9fl apple ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 ﾁ ｦｸ8 961appleｸ ｹ619 99apple96, 6 5ｸ887ｸ , 96ｦ- 1ｸ9ｹ6ｦ ｸ9ｸ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple (apple96. 1) 8apple7 6ｦ 6ｦ9 7apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 8apple9ｸ ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ9 8apple8 91flapple apple97-16ｦｹ6ｦ ｦ76 97ｸ ｦ9ｹ fl66ｦ. ｨｦ ｦｹ9ｸ8 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 8apple applefl apple ｦ7179ｹ619 9applefl696 [1].. 6ｦ1696ｦｸ8 ( 7 5 ﾁ 1 ｨC ) 7apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 6 5 8apple apple ｷapple 6 516ｦ9ｹ6176 6apple1appleｸ ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196 [1].

4 1 6ｦ apple.. 77apple9ｹ6196 ｷapple 6ｦ1696ｦｸ8 6 77apple9-976ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ apple apple6ｦ19ｹ ｦ 6 ｸ79 ｷapple7 8apple7appleｸ86 56ｦ 6ｦ96ｦ ｦ6 7ｸ8 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ [] ｸ ｹ619 99apple9fl 197ｨC , 6 5ｸ887ｸ ｸ9ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 8apple9apple7 5 ﾁ 1 1, 7 6ｦ7 6ｦapple6ｦ1apple ｦ9 7769ｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ apple769, 66 5fl96ｦｸ apple ｦ6ｦ [11, 1]. ｨｦ ｸ9ｸ apple apple ｸ apple89 87ｸ76ｦ 9 ( 1 ), 6 51ｸ9ｹ6ｦｸ9ｸ ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｨｦ7, , 8apple apple9ｹ apple6ｦ- apple6ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 6 5 8apple 6ｦ ｦ appleｸ8. ｨｨapple9 6ｦ17 78ｸ799 7 ｨB 8apple76 6ｦ9fl 96ｦ ｦ 6766ｦ6 5fl [11].. ｨｴapple896 56ｦfl fl76 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ apple ｦ6ｦ6 8apple ｸ ｦ9fl apple76 5fl apple fl ｦ 6ｦ ｸ apple76 6ｦ9fl apple apple 6ｦ 16ｦ appleｸ8 [11].. ｨｨ7 6 5apple916ｦｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196, 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ7 6ｦ apple6ｦ667fl apple6ｦ- apple6ｦ 6 5 8apple 6ｦ apple , apple97 7 ｨBfl6fl76 ｸ9 ｸ8 997apple9ｹｸ apple9ｹｸ8 967ｹ917 6ｦ6 5-9fl ｦ7, 6 5appleflfl 6 7apple6ｦ9ｷ6ｦ 177apple apple [1].. 5 8apple apple9976ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦ- ｷ96 apple6ｦ6fl89fl ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196, 6ｦ apple6ｦ6-67fl apple9ｸ8, apple 7 6 5ｸ ｦ6 5ｸ9 8apple9ｹ9. ｨｨ , fl96ｦｸ8, 6 5 8apple6 5ｸ9 7ｹapple, ｸ79 8apple7ｷ667 ｨC 17-9ｹ fl9, 76 56ｦｸ86 56ｦｸ9ｸ ｹ- ｸ ｦ9ｹ fl6 16ｦｹ6ｦ19, 9, appleｸ9 7ｹapple, ｨC 6 999fl9 6ｦ8applefl ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｦｸ9ｸ ｦ6ｦ 9 apple7fl9 6ｸ8 17apple76 5ｸ8 9applefl696. ｨ 96 5apple89fl 6 999fl9fl9 6ｦ6 5ｸ , 1979, apple apple97, ｦ 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ76 apple6ｦ6fl apple769 8apple9apple apple76ｸ9 1.5 ﾁ 1 ｨC applefl 6 5 8apple , ｦ 6 516ｦ 6ｦ7 96fl , 8apple 76 5ｸ apple ｨC , 6ｦ 6 77 ｸ ｹ , 6 51ｸ9ｹ6ｦfl apple6ｦ67 6 5ｸ87 6ｦ 6 77appleflｹ9 967ｹ ｦ apple19 16ｦappleｸ8-616ｦfl 99 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ), 8apple apple6ｦ19ｹ apple7 apple6ｦ6fl apple apple76ｸ9 ﾁ 1 ｨC ｨｴ ｸ8 8apple996ｦ fl 6ｦ6 7ｸ apple9apple9ｹ6196 7ｹ6ｦ ｦ6ｦ [11, 1].. 56ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ ｨｨｨｦ5 5ｨｦ1ｨｪｨ 9 1ｨC ｨｺ151ｨｦ 5ｨｬ1ｨ ｨｮ51ｨｦ 9ｨｪｨｺ ｨ 5 7ｨｦ5 ｨ ｨ 5ｨｺ5ｨ ｨｹ 5ｨｬ1 1ｨｺ151ｨ ｦｸ8 7 7apple6ｦｷ9fl apple769, 8apple ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ 996 5apple89fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple1apple6ｦｸ79fl 996 5apple89fl ｦ apple 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 1ｨC , 8apple ｸ8 6 5 [1] 87 6ｦｸ8 99apple apple97 6 5apple6ｦ- 6fl apple ｹ19 ｹ1apple896 5ｸ8 ｷapple76 5 6ｦ 6ｦ99 7 ｨC8 1. ｨｨapple apple997-6ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ99 6ｦ 6apple6ｦ appleapple97apple99, 8apple9apple7 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 1 ﾁ 8 1, 8apple ｸ8 6 5 [1] applefl 8apple 66 5ｸ9ｸ fl apple6 5ｸ8, 7ｹapple apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8. 57apple 916ｦ9 ｨ 5 55ｨｦ ｨｺ 5.5. ｨ 6 56ｦ7-6 5ｸ appleｹ67 ｸ8 6ｦ apple 6apple7ｹｸ86 8apple [5]. 56ｦｸ8 99apple96 6 5apple916ｦｸ fl 1766ｦ, 6 5ｸ887ｸ8 76ｸ , 8apple796 57appleｹ99 ｹ17 8apple76 779, 6ｦ1 16ｦ ｦ1, ｦ fl ｦ ｸ86ｦ appleｸ8, 697 9applefl69 6 = ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ- 617 ｷapple 789 6ｦ76, 6ｦ1 16ｦ1 6ｦ19 9applefl- 69fl ｦ9ｹ619 apple6ｦ676ｦ 16ｦｹ6ｦ19 6ｦ ｸ9-6ｦ ｹ apple9, ｸ87 6ｦ8 8apple , ｹ ｦ apple7 79apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 177appleｸ86 6ｹ96ｦ6fl 6 76ｦ69, ｸ fl 6 516ｦ9ｹ- 616ｦfl fl76, 87 ｨB 6ｦ96ｦ apple apple apple6ｦ176 5apple ｦ9ｹ apple89. ｨｨ76 57appleｸ ｹ619 99apple9fl, 6 5ｸ887- ｸ apple97 6 5apple6ｦ-6fl apple ｹ19 67 ｸ896, 8716ｦ96ｦ9 6 ｸ9ｸ ｦ6 5ｸ apple6ｦｷ96, ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ apple ｦ ｦｹ96ｦ6 716ｦ6ｦfl 7-6ｦ6 99appleｸ8 6ｦ1696ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ96. ｨｦ6ｦ 6ｦ7 96fl 8 16ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦ- appleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 6 5ｸ8fl6ｦ 87 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5-9ｸ9 66 5apple-ｸ96 7 6ｦ ﾖ.5 1 (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ), [1] ｦ69 6ｦ1696ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ96 8apple apple6ｦ976ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5ｸ8 6 77apple9976ｦｸ apple77 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ9, 6ｦ9 76ｦfl 99apple- 6ｦfl 6 59ｹ96ｦ apple6ｦ6fl89fl apple6ｦ6 56ｦ. 6ｦ 6ｦ ｨ 9apple6ｦfl appleｸ apple76 56ｦ9 6 59ｹ96ｦ apple76 6ｦ9fl apple8apple6ｦ, apple6ｦ apple 7 ｷapple6ｦ apple- 89fl, apple6ｦ6 56ｦ.8. 7apple6ｦ 97ｸ8 8apple76 6ｦ9fl 968ｸ86ｦ ｦ176 5ｸ ｦ89 87 ｨB: 96ｦ86ｦ ｸ86 7apple 6ｦ 6ｨC7 6, ｹｸ86 ｨC 6ｦ 6 [1].. 1apple7 6apple6ｦ ｸ76ｦ 9 ﾖ1.5 ﾁ.5 1, 6 7 7apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 8apple6 5ｸ869-

5 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ 5 9 8apple 8apple7ｹ appleｸ8 87apple apple ｦ ｸ89 apple6ｦ9appleｸ86 56ｦ9 [8], 6 5ｸ8fl6 596ｦ6 7 9apple6ｦfl 7 6ｦ6 apple6ｦ9apple7 ﾖ15 ﾁ apple ｹ1apple ｷapple6ｦ apple 16ｦappleｸ8617, apple997-6ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 8apple6 5ｸ86ｦｸ9 1 ﾁ 1 ｨC5. 7apple6ｦ9ｷｸ8 apple6ｦ68apple76apple6ｦ9fl 6ｦ19 7apple6ｦ- ｷ ｦ177apple ｦ6ｦ9fl 87 apple 6ｦ- 9fl 7 ｹ189ｷapple6ｦ applefl69fl ｷapple apple896 8apple 67fl7 6 5ｸ8fl69 8 8apple7 789fl 9 apple6ｦ69apple9fl apple- ｸ ｹ619 99apple96 6ｦ 6 56ｸ9 87ｸ76ｦ 16ｦ- appleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ [1]. 5 6ｦ7 apple6ｦ9 6ｦ 7 6ｦ 87fl69fl 1 66ｦ [1]. 5 6 ｸ ｦ96ｦｸ8 6 77apple9976ｦｸ , 78apple ｸ , 9, (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ 9 apple96. ), apple6ｦ68778ｸ ｦ apple ｦ6ｦ 56 57apple 9 6ｹ96ｦ6 596fl ｸ89 (87 6ｦｸ8 99apple ｦ ｹ ｦ6 56ｦ76 8apple6ｦ1-9ｹ619 99ｸ8). ｨｪ6ｦ1 ｸ87 6 6ｦ applefl, ｸ87 99apple96 6ｦ 6ｦｸ8 816ｦ, 66 5fl96ｦｸ8 6 6ｸ9, apple6ｦ68778ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｸ9ｸ ｸ8 99apple9fl ｸ89 8apple ｸ8 6ｦ ｦ, ｹ96 9 6ｦ 6ｦｸ8, 9 87fl6 596ｦ apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ ｦｸ apple89fl ｦｸ8. 5 ｹ6ｦ ｦ7ｹ ｦ ｦｹ ｸ8 8apple9fl 81 7 (apple96. 1), apple ｸ8 6 77apple9976ｦｸ8 6ｸ79fl ｦｸ8, ｹ , apple6ｦ68778ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196 (apple96. ). ｨｺ96ｦｸ8, 8apple 66ｦ6 5ｸ8 6ｦ apple96., fl6 5fl- ｸ96fl 7 7 ｨB196 5ｸ89, apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ 8apple9 876 ｸ9ｸ79 9apple8apple6ｦｷ9fl 6ｦｸ apple9976ｦｸ8 6ｸ79fl 96ｦ 8apple , ｨC ｷｸ9 78apple 9fl 8apple7967 fl- ｸ79 7apple6ｦｷ apple fl99 6 8apple7-786ｦｸ9ｸ796fl apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple7967 flｸ ｹ6199 8apple7ｷ666ｦ9, 6ｦ 6ｦ18 fl 78apple 9fl 766ｦ7ｹｸ8 6 77apple9976ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ96 6ｦ ｸ76ｦ 9 16ｦ- appleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ 7 87flｸ8 6 5ｸ applefl69fl ｹ apple ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ 996 5apple ｦ76 5 ｸ89 6 5ｸ887ｸ8 6 ｸ9ｸ79 99apple9fl. 1. ｨｨ76 57appleｸ8 99apple9fl apple- 6 76ｦｸ9ｸ76 776fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ7apple6ｦ apple76ｸ9 7 ﾀ( + 1 ﾁ 1 ｨC6 D), 6 7 D ｨC 96ｦ 99applefl apple6ｦ (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ).. ｨｨ76 57appleｸ apple76 56ｦ9fl I 16ｦ666ｦ ｦ apple apple6ｦ66ｸ8 6 96ｦ78- ｸ89 ｸ apple6ｦ fl apple8apple6ｦ- 9 (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ). D ｦappleｸ ｦｹ6ｦ ｦ ｹ ｸ8 ｨｺ ｸ8 GPS-6ｦ ｸ9-9fl 6ｦ 1 816ｦ 6 5 apple6ｦ 679 6ｦ ｨｨ 68ｷ9-6ｦ999apple76 56ｦ apple96ｦ6 7flｷ99 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ 6 6 5ｸ87 7 6ｦ ｹ619 6apple1appleｸ8 (apple96. 1). 5 apple6ｦ ｦｸ96fl apple96ｦｸ ｹ619 apple6ｦ ｨC a apple apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl () (16) ｦ 99 6ｦ1 ｨｺ apple9976ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple6 7 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ apple896 1ｨC ｦ 8apple , , 6 5ｸ8ｹ96ｸ ｦ 7 9 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59fl 7ｨC8 (apple96. 1 ). 1 ｨC 1apple6ｦapple apple ｸ apple76 5, 7 apple6ｦ976 56ｦ6 5966fl 8apple apple899; ｨC 6 7apple6ｦ9ｷｸ8 16ｦ apple 6 516ｦ apple, 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1; ｨC 6ｦ8apple6ｦ ｹ96ｦ 6 77apple9976ｦｸ , 9 6ｦ66ｦ 9 7apple 816ｦ; ｨC 71appleｸ86ｦfl appleｸ796ｦ apple6ｦ6fl89fl (6ｦ), 8apple 876ｦ6 76ｦ7 8apple7 789 appleｸ79ｸ8 ( ).

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7 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ II 6 I apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl 79apple7 VI 1 apple. ｨｨ ｦ (ｨC6) a 5 1 1apple77ｷ196 96ｦ96 5 ｨｺ96.. 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59fl 6 76ｦ6 5ｸ apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl-686ｦ9fl ｹ9ｸ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ- 617 ｷapple apple896 1ｨC apple ｨC ( , 1997, ｸ89 87ｹｸ8 6ｦｸ8 6ｦ ｸ76ｦ 9, 177appleｸ8 7 ｨB 9ｸ ｹ187). 1 ｨC 1apple6ｦapple apple89fl ｦ apple 16ｦ 99 6ｦ ｸ apple76 5, 7 apple6ｦ976 56ｦ6 5966fl 8apple apple899; ｨC 6 7apple6ｦ9ｷｸ8 16ｦ apple; ｨC ｹ189ｷapple 6 76ｦ applefl69fl , = 6.9; ｨC 6ｦ66ｦ apple6ｦｷ99: 6ｦ ｨC apple6ｦ6fl89, ｨC 686ｦ9. 516ｦｸ8: I ｨC 16ｦ- appleｸ86196, II ｨC 6ｦｸ86 5flｹ91, VI ｨC 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1. 6ｦ9ｹ6196 6ｦ ｹ19 81ｸ ｸ7ｸ ｦ ｦapple apple96ｦ6 7flｷ99 6ｧ (apple96. 1). ｨｨ1 18 ｨC 6ｦ9ｹ616ｦfl apple 6ｦ 6 ｹ ｦapple apple6 ｹ6ｦ69 9 7ｸ8 fl17apple 6ｦ ｨ 6 8apple9 7apple 66ｦ6ｦ ｦ6fl 6ｦ apple6 5fl7 6ｦ ｷapple9apple76 56ｦ6fl 6 877ｸ7ｸ9 78-9ｹ ｦ 6 7ｹ76ｸ9 ﾀ. ｨｨapple9fl6ｦfl ｦ 96ｦ1apple89fl ｷapple ｦ apple9 7apple ｦ6ｦ 6 5ｸ867177ｹ7 78apple 9ｸ9 apple6ｦ6-67fl ｦ9. 5ｸ8 7apple ｹ6ｦ616ｦ fl 6apple6ｦ ｹ6ｦ6ｸ8 99apple96 78apple fl6fl 8apple applefl 67 ｸ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 1ｨC ｦ apple769 [1]. ｨ 6ｦ9 87ｸ8 6ｦ19ｹ619 6ｦｸ8 6 56ｦ87 fl ｸ ｦ96, 87ｹ ｦ. 1 8apple9-6 5 ｸ appleｸ8 apple6ｦ667fl9fl 96ｦ 8apple ｨC (6ｦ17ｸ8 6ｦ769,.. apple6ｦ667fl9fl 8 ｷapple6ｦ ｹ ). 77apple9976ｦｸ apple ｸ8apple6ｦ86ｦｸ96fl fl 6ｦ- 17ｸ8 6ｦ ｦ9 (69 96ｦｹ9ｸ8 6 5apple916ｦｸ , fl ). ｨ 9 6ｦｸ8 6ｦ. 1 6, ｹ apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple apple fl apple6ｦ6fl89fl apple apple 6 617apple76ｸ9 +.1 ﾁ 1 ｨC ｦ 7 796ｦｹ-

8 18 6ｦ apple. 8 7 ｨC ｨC II ｨC57 I + ｨC ｨC apple7 VI ｨC97 ｨC apple. ｨｨ ｦ apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl + ｨC apple77ｷ196 96ｦ ｨｺ96.. ｨｦ769ｸ8 999fl 87ｸ76ｦ apple (apple ) ｨC 96ｦ6ｦｷ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷ- apple apple896 1ｨC apple ｨC (1996, 1997, ) ｨC6 (16ｦ96ｦｸ8 6 5 ｷ- apple apple fl ｸ76ｦ 9). ｨｬ , ｹ7 6ｦ apple96. ; ｨC apple6ｦ6 5ｸ8 96ｦ6ｦｷ ｨC ｸ ｹ (apple96. 6) apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl - 996, 9 6apple flfl 617apple76 9 ｸ86ｦ +1.8 ﾁ 1 ｨC6. 5 8apple ｦｹ9ｸ8, 8apple6 5ｸ86ｦ- ｸ9ｸ apple 9fl, 6 77apple9976ｦｸ ｦapple87. 7apple6ｦ9ｷｸ8 7 6ｦ69 apple6ｦ68apple76apple6ｦ- 9fl 7apple6ｦｷ96 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 6 5 8apple ｨC ｸ9ｸ796fl 6ｦｸ8 78apple ｨｴ6ｦ 96ｦ 6ｦｹ6ｦ 6 5ｸ88796ｦ 8apple9 6 59ｹ99 appleapple97apple99 78apple766ｦ. 5 96ｦ9, ｹ (apple6ｦ6fl896), 7apple99apple76 56ｦｸ8 8apple9- apple7 87 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ9 96ｦ86ｦ ｨC , 6ｸ , ｹ 766ｦｸ8 (6ｦ. 1, apple96. 6)... 5ｨｺｨｪｨ 1ｨｲ1 5ｨｦ5ｨｪ5ｨｹｨ 56ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ 9 5apple916ｦｸ apple ｹ17 8 apple6ｦ67 99ｹ6ｦ appleｸ8 6 5ｸ ｹｸ apple76 56ｦ apple6ｦ66ｸ8, 8apple - 66ｦ6 5flｸ9ｸ ｦ1ｸ (apple96. 6) apple76 56ｦ ｨB, ｦ1-76 apple6ｦ66, 8apple apple , 1997,, , 6ｦ ｦｸ ｸ8 ｨC ｦ 7 ｸ8 ｹ6ｦ616ｦ ｸ7 6 5ｸ887- fl ｦ. 8apple96 5 ｸ ｸ8 6ｦｸ8, apple8apple apple ｸ9- ｸ ｸ8.

9 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ ｦappleｸ ｦｹ6ｦ16ｦ apple77ｷ196 96ｦ96 5 ｨｺ apple9976ｦｸ apple96ｦ6 7flｷ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple apple896 1ｨC apple ｨC (1996, 1997, ). 6ｦ66ｦ 9 6ｦ8apple6ｦ ｦ96ｦｸ apple 8apple6ｦ ｨｬ ｦｹ. 6. 6ｦ apple ｦｸ8, ｦｸ8 6ｦ9 apple6ｦ [1], 6 5apple- 916ｦｸ8 6ｸ79fl apple8apple ｹ176 apple6ｦ66ｸ fl ｸ89fl9 1ｨC ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 78apple fl ｦ, apple6ｦ ｦ apple apple ｦ6ｦ 56 57apple (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ). 5 87fl69, ｹ7 66ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ, 6 5 6ｦ apple fl apple916ｦ7 6ｸ79 apple8apple6ｦ 9 (apple96. 6) ｸ89 99fl9 apple96 777apple9ｹ apple76 56ｦ- 9fl (99apple9fl ｦ176ｦ ) apple76ｸ9 ﾀ 6. ｨｺ8apple 9, fl ｸ89fl9 1ｨC fl6 56ｦapplefl, 6696fl apple916ｦ apple,.. 87 fl- 6fl apple8apple6ｦ ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 56 57apple 6ｦ 9 ﾀ. ｨ 6ｦ, 6 5 6fl apple apple9-16ｦｸ8 6ｸ79fl apple8apple ｦ apple76 apple6ｦ66 78apple fl96, 16ｦ1 9 apple6ｦ, apple7 ｸ8 87 7ｹ769 99apple96, ｦ7 6ｹ6ｦ apple8apple6ｦ 9 (apple96. 7), 6ｦ1 16ｦ ｦ6ｦ ｹ616ｦfl ｰ66 5fl9 ｱ ｦ9, apple6ｦ6877-8ｸ ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 56 57apple apple8apple6ｦ 9 8apple9 6ｦ fl 99 9ｸ ｹ9, 7 16ｦapple96ｦ 7769ｸ8 6 5apple916ｦｸ apple76 apple6ｦ66ｸ8 9996fl. ｨｨ76 7apple76 78apple 9fl apple6ｦ ｸ8 apple8apple apple apple6ｦ9ｸ ｸ8 (9, ｦ7, 6 5apple916ｦｸ ) 67-66ｦ6 5fl ﾀ.7 ﾁ L ﾁ, 6 7 L ｨC 6ｦ apple6ｦ 6ｦ76 77 apple8apple6ｦ 7 apple8apple6ｦ, 8apple9fl ｦ ｸ86. ｨｺ ｸ96apple9apple 999fl, apple8apple6ｦ 9, apple76 5fl apple ｦ apple76 apple6ｦ66ｸ8 6 5 apple6ｦ9ｸ8 8apple97 ｸ8. 5 ｹ6ｦ6769, 6ｦ , ｹ7 8apple ｹ ｹ fl769 16ｦ- appleｸ ｦ6ｦ ｨC ｸ9 6apple6ｦ , , 6 5apple916ｦ- ｸ fl (8apple9ｸ ｦ9fl) apple- 8apple apple97 766ｦ 9fl 996 5apple89fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ (87 6ｦｸ8 677 ｸ796 6ｦｹ6ｦ ｸ8 7applefl 76 5) 78616ｦ9fl 7 ｸ8 apple8apple76 5 8apple6 5ｸ86ｦｸ

10 11 6ｦ apple. 5 (15) ｦappleｸ apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl apple6ｦapple ｨｪ716ｦapple6 56ｦ (1) ｦappleｸ ｦ ｨｺ ｦ apple6ｦ687789fl ｹ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｹ1apple ｷapple6ｦ (1apple6ｦ- apple ｨｪ716ｦapple6 56ｦ). 1 ｨC 81ｸ8 78apple 9fl 6 77apple9976ｦｸ8 6ｸ796; ｨC 99fl 96 59apple76 56ｦ9fl 9 7apple6ｦ apple8apple76 5. ｨｦ66ｦ- ｸ ｦ apple96.. ｨｦ ｦ96ｦ (78616ｦ99) apple8apple6ｦ 5. ｨｴ7 apple8apple fl6 5fl6fl 6 5appleｸ8. ｨｦ ｸ8 66ｦ ｦ 8776apple76 5, 7 apple6ｦ976 56ｦ6 5-6fl applefl apple89fl ｦappleｸ apple. ｨｨ776apple apple8ｸ ｦ9ｹ619 6ｦ ｦ9 87apple7, 6 5ｸ8 apple7- ｸ8 8apple9 6 59appleｸ86 56ｦ apple6ｦapple ｸ ｦ9 ｷ6ｦ9 [15, ]. ｨ 9apple9fl ｦ96ｦ ｦ ｦ 6 5 8apple ｨC , 6ｦ 6 5 8apple apple6ｦ19ｹ619 67apple6ｦ (apple96. 8). 56ｦapple ｦ9 apple8apple6ｦ , 6 fl ｦ- 9ｸ9 apple8apple , ｸ ｦ99 87ｹｸ8 apple96ｦ76 5 6ｦ ｸ ｨC (6ｦ., apple ) 8716ｦ9ｸ86 56ｦ, ｹ7 8apple apple6ｦｷ ｸ9ｸ ｦ ｦ69 1 1apple6ｦapple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196 apple8appleｸ8, (apple96. 6, 8), 6 5 8apple ｦ apple 6 617apple76ｸ9 5ｨC9 /6 7., 7 6ｦ17 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ6fl 8applefl76 96ｦ ｹ ｦ96 apple8apple ｦ apple6ｦapple6ｦ.. 6ｦ ｹ6ｦ61 7 apple8apple6ｦ 7 apple8apple6ｦ apple apple6ｹ9fl 96 59apple76 apple6ｦ66ｸ8 6 96ｦ86ｦ apple6ｦ9ｷ6 16ｦ appleｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196 (apple96. 6) 6ｦ- ｸ9 6ｦｸ96fl ｦ ｦ9 79 apple6ｦ976ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5- ｸ8 6 5apple916ｦｸ fl (apple96. 7, 8).

11 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ 11 ｨｪ6ｦ 9ｷ6ｦ 1. 6ｦ17ｸ8 6ｦ769 () ｹ6199 ｷapple6ｦ9, 99appleｸ8 6 5 apple6ｦ9ｸ ｸ ｦ- 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 6ｦ96 56ｦ ｸ ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC6 15. ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC7.61 ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC. ｨC ｨC ｨC.76 ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC ｨC. ｨC ｨC.6 ｨC ｨC ｨｨapple9ｹ6ｦ9. ｨｺ6ｦ ｹ619 ｷapple ｦ96ｦ7 6ｦ apple96. 6.

12 11 6ｦ apple apple6ｦapple6ｦ. ｨｪ7 8 66ｦ7 8apple ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196, 7 6ｦ apple6ｦ9ｷ6ｦ ｰ6 5ｸ8 ｱ ｦ7 96fl 6ｦ, 6ｦ apple6ｦ667fl apple6ｦapple6ｦ (apple96. 6ｨC8). 5. ｨｦ8616ｦ9 apple8apple6ｦ 5, , ｸ fl96ｦ7 7ｹ6ｦ apple7 6ｦ apple ｦ apple ｦ6ｦ 878ｸ816ｦ 66ｦ76 59fl 6 596ｦ fl99 7apple6ｦｷ apple apple- 6ｦ 16ｦ appleｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ ｸ ｦ6ｦ appleｸ86 5ｸ89 9applefl69fl9. ｨｮ6ｦ6 ｹ19 6ｦｸ8 ( ) ｸ89 8apple96 5 ｸ ｦ [1]. ｨ 6 6ｦ6ｸ8 76 5ｸ8 6ｦ- ｸ , 177appleｸ8 6 5ｸ89ｸ86 56ｦｸ9 767 ｸ86 9apple fl ｸ89fl9 1ｨC ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple. 5appleflfl 76ｦ6ｦfl 1apple96 56ｦfl 6ｦ 1 7apple6ｦ86ｦ 7 6apple 9 96ｦｹ ｸ8 (6 5 99ｷ6ｦ 1 ｨC6 ) apple ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ ｦ apple6ｦ667fl99 ｨC apple9- ｸ8 (apple96. 1, 6 566ｦ6 516ｦ). ｨｨ76 7apple76 16ｦ8 76 7ｹ apple6ｦ6 56ｦ ﾀ ﾁ 1 ｨC5. 6ｦｹ96ｦfl , 6ｦ6ｦ ｹｸ8 6ｦｸ8 (76ｦ6ｦfl 1apple96 56ｦfl 6ｦ ) 8716ｦ96ｦｸ8 fl ｹ6ｦ616ｦ 6769, 6ｦ7 flｸ76 776fl 6ｦ 5 7 1apple6ｦapple6ｦ (apple6ｦ67, 76 7apple6ｦ9ｹｸ86 816ｦ9, 5,, 9, 6, 6, 17, 7), (apple96. 6, 9, 6 5apple916ｦ). ｨｨ76 7apple ｦ8 76 7ｹ ﾀ ﾁ 1 ｨC6,.. 6ｦ 87applefl- 71, ｹ7 7 ｨBfl6fl6fl 87fl6 59 fl 99- apple9fl ｸ867177ｹ76 6ｦ886ｦapple6ｦappleｸ8. 6ｦ 76ｦ76 1apple apple916ｦｸ ｦｸ8 7 7apple7 ｸ8 87 7ｹ769,.. fl6 5flｸ96fl apple6ｦ6 577ｹｸ89. ｨｨ76 7apple76 16ｦ apple - 9fl (16ｦ8 76 7ｹ19) ﾀ.. 1apple96 56ｦfl 7apple6ｦ86ｦ 6 5apple916ｦｸ apple8apple6ｦ, 6ｦ ｸ9ｸ7 1apple6ｦapple, apple8apple6ｦ 9 (apple96. 9, 6 5apple916ｦ). ｨｨ apple apple916ｦｸ , ｸ98 apple ｦ6ｦ 56 57apple [1], ｹ96 9 apple8apple6ｦ 9, apple8apple6ｦ apple6ｦ6-66ｦapple96 56ｦ ｦ, apple6ｦ ｦ apple apple ｦ6ｦ 56 57apple. ｨｴ6ｦ 6 59ｹ96ｦ (1 6) 9 16ｦ96ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ ｦ9 apple8apple6ｦ 6 5 8apple ｨｨ7-6 7apple ｦ6 5fl ﾀ 6. ｨｨ76 ｸ9ｸ79 78apple- 9fl (7ｹ19 6ｦ 6 7apple6ｦ91) ｨC ｹ ｦ 6 5apple9-16ｦｸ apple8apple6ｦ apple8apple6ｦ 9, 78apple flｸ apple76 56ｦ9 IｨCII 16ｦ apple76ｸ9 ﾀ.. 5ｸ878966ｦｸ fl 8apple6ｦ6 577ｹｸ8 877, ｹ apple6ｦ apple916ｦｸ apple8apple6ｦ, 876apple7- ｸ ｦ, 766ｦ6 56ｦ6fl, 6 5 8apple- 6ｦ 7ｹ769 78apple 9fl, apple apple8apple6ｦ 9. 6ｦ apple ｦ96ｦ7, ｹ7 7 7 ｸ7ｸ8 96ｦ ｦ (197ｨC ) 6ｦ17ｸ8 76ｦｸ8 1apple96 5ｸ8 6 77apple9-976ｦｸ apple916ｦｸ8 6766ｦ6 5flｸ9ｸ79-7apple6ｦｷ apple apple676fl 1766ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ appleｸ8 99ｨｪ6ｦ 9ｷ6ｦ. 5ｸ867ｸ8 apple8apple76 5 () 99 78apple apple76 56ｦ9 6 5 apple6ｦ9ｸ ｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 6ｧ8 apple8apple76 5 5ｸ867ｸ8 6ｦ apple76 5 6ｦ applefl apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple apple apple apple apple apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple apple apple. apple apple apple apple apple apple apple apple apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple apple. apple ｨｨapple9ｹ6ｦ9. 66ｦ apple6ｦ687789fl apple8apple ｦ96ｦｸ8 6ｦ apple flapple17 6 5ｸ8apple6ｦ8ｸ8 17apple6ｦ6ｸ fl 8apple ｸ9 9 6ｦ ｹ6ｦ apple76 apple6ｦ66ｸ8 6 5 apple6ｦ67 apple8apple76 5,, 5, 11, apple76 6 7apple6ｦ9ｷｸ8 16ｦ appleｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 (apple96. 6ｨC8).. 76ｦapple6ｦ1apple 6 5apple916ｦｸ apple apple79fl 6 5 8apple97 ｸ ｨC ｸ8 67 ｸ8: 8apple76 6ｦ ｦ apple 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ, apple8appleｸ8 17ｨC; 67apple6ｦ9 apple76 5fl 6ｦ 8appleｸ8ｹ1 8 16ｦ apple6ｦ9, apple8appleｸ ; 8apple76 6ｦ9 66 5apple apple6ｦfl 16ｦ appleｸ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, apple8appleｸ8 (apple96. 6, 8).. ｨｺ96ｦｸ apple76 56ｦ96 96ｦ 8apple (apple96. 7) 8716ｦ9ｸ86 56ｦｸ9, ｹ7 6 5apple916ｦ- ｸ apple6ｦapple6ｦ ｦ- appleｸ apple ｸ86 56ｦｸ9 87 apple 6ｦ9fl ｹ9 96ｹ96ｦｸ9 6ｦ apple6ｦ667fl

13 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ ｨC ｦappleｸ86196 ｨC ｨC ｨC7 ｨC5 ｨC5 ｨC5 ｨC6 ｨC5 + ｨC6 apple8. 9 ｨC +1 ｨC ｨC6 ｨC ｨC6 ｨC ｨC6 ｨC7 1 1 ｨC8 ｨC9 1 apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｦappleｸ86196 ｨC9 ｨC5 5 ｨC8 ｨC6 ｨC6 ｨC ｨC8 ｨC ｨC5 apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｨC + + ｨC5 + ｨC apple ｦappleｸ ｦappleｸ8617 ｨC ｦappleｸ86196 ｨC5 ｨC5 ｨC ｨCｨC ｨC ｨC5 ｨC +5 ｨC5 apple ｨC 1 1 ｨC apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｦappleｸ ｨC9 ｨC ｨC9 5 ｨC ｨC ｨC5 apple8. 9 ｨC ｨC9 ｨC5 ｨC apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｦappleｸ ｦappleｸ8617 ｨｺ apple916ｦｸ fl apple8apple apple6ｦ9ｸ8 8apple97 ｸ8. 1 ｨC 99fl 96 59apple76 56ｦ9fl 9 6 5apple916ｦ apple8apple6ｦ. ｨｬ ｦ apple ｦｹ177 apple6ｦ9ｸ applefl 67 ｸ896 1ｨC ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple. 6ｦ879, ｹ7 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｦ7 fl6fl ｦ1apple8- ｸ apple ｹ apple- 8apple76 5, ｸ9 6 5ｸ867ｸ ｹ76ｸ9 8apple6 5ｸ8 99- apple ｨC ｦ ｹ76ｸ9 8apple6 5ｸ8 66ｦ9apple flｸ8 6 5ｸ8 67 ｸ896. 6ｦ 177appleｸ8 99 ｹ ｸ89 6 5ｸ887ｸ8 6 5ｸ867177ｹｸ8

14 11 6ｦ apple. 5apple916ｦｸ8 6ｸ79fl, 5 ｨC5 5 ｨC5 5 ｨC5 ｨC ｦappleｸ apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｦappleｸ ｨｺ6ｦ667fl9 7 apple8apple6ｦ 9, ｨC ｨｺ apple916ｦｸ fl apple apple79fl 6 5 8apple97 ｸ8: 1 ｨC ; ｨC 1997ｨC ; ｨC ｨC ; ｨC ｦｹ apple8apple, 96ｦ78ｸ86 6ｦ apple76 5. ｨｬ ｦ apple apple6ｦ6 59apple9ｹ619 6ｦ ｸ9 9fl. 5 ｰ96apple6ｦ- 76 ｱ 6 516ｦ ｹ17 apple 16ｦfl 6ｦｹ6ｦ, ｦ apple6ｦ67 8apple 67flｸ ｦ9ｹ ｹ ｸ ｦapple6ｦ 871appleｸ8 6ｸ appleｸ8 6 5ｸ867177ｹ- ｸ ｹ619 99apple96. ｨｨ76 57apple9 9-16ｦｸ8 99apple96 6ｦ 6 56 ｹ19 816ｦ ( = 6.9) 9applefl69fl apple apple89fl ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple ｨC 6 56ｦ866ｦfl 6ｦｹ6ｦfl 96ｦ 6ｦｹ6ｦ. ｨｦ ｸ8 fl 78apple 9fl 99-96, 8apple ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ619 7ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ 87 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ619 ｷapple7. 5fl apple fl 7 6 5apple916ｦ- ｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ9fl 6ｦ ｸ76ｦ 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ ｸ apple7 6 5ｸ867177ｹ apple76 56ｦ apple6ｦ6 59- apple9ｹ619 78apple 9fl ｸ766 5ｸ9ｸ79 apple6ｦ66, 8apple616ｦｸ9ｸ79 6ｦ196 5ｸ ｦ9ｹ6196 ｷapple 6 5 9apple ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59fl.. ｨｦ5ｨｬ55ｨ ｨｺｨ ｨｬｨｲｨｪｨｪｨｦ5 ｨｨapple , ｹ ｹ apple9fl ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 5 ﾁ ﾁ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 ﾁ 5 1 ｸ89 6 5ｸ887ｸ applefl apple89fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ , applefl fl [1.1] apple ｹapple apple89fl, flｸ76 776fl ｦ67flｸ7 6 5applefl (6ｦ8apple ) [11.1]. 6ｦ ｹ17 apple6ｦ9 6ｦｹ6ｦ apple89fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple ｦ ｦｸ89 916ｦｸ89 fl6 59fl9. ｨ 6ｦ ｹ6ｦ apple ( = 6.9) 9applefl69, ｹ189ｷapple 177apple ｦ7-96fl 8apple9apple ｸ ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ. ｨ applefl696 6ｦ176 69ｸ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ ｹ9 5 (6 76ｦ 6ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ apple6 796apple6ｦｷ99 9applefl6-96 6ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦｹ6ｦ19, ). ｨｨapple ｹapple9 1 ｹ 876 8apple7 8 9fl 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ 6ｦｹ6ｦ apple7 apple6ｦ76ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ apple ｦappleｸ apple, apple6ｦ ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ ｦ 6ｹ96ｦ6fl 879. ｨｴ apple89 ｸ87 6 5ｸ ｦ7 6 5 apple9 6ｦ96ｦ appleｸ [15, ]. ｨｨapple 66ｦ ｦｸ8 6ｦ6 778apple9flｸ ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ ｦ 67ｹ6ｦ9 9-16ｦｸ8 8apple9apple7 ｸ8 fl6 596, 8apple apple77 99ｹ7 7 ｹ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple []. ｨ ｦ apple89fl 9 9 apple6ｦ96 599, 8apple7 1ｸ8, 66 5fl96ｦｸ applefl69fl, 7apple6ｦｷ apple769, apple ｹ619 fl6 59fl, ｦ 71apple- 86ｦｸ9ｸ7ｸ9 6apple apple6 77. ｨｺ6ｦ9767apple7 apple6ｦ667apple9 ｹ apple ｦ ｦｷ9fl 1996ｨC ｨｦ ｦ6 5ｸ8 96ｦ 6ｦｹ ｸ ｦ9 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ619 7ｹ6ｦ ｦ6ｦ- 76 5, 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｦｸ9ｸ76 696ｸ8, 6ｦ99-6ｦ 6 516ｦ9ｹ6176 fl ｦappleｸ8617

15 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ 15 5apple916ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ99, 77apple9976ｦｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ99,. 1 ｨC ｨC ｨC N 11 ﾁ 1 ｨC6 6 ﾁ 1 ｨC6 a a 8 ﾁ 1 ｨC ｦappleｸ ｦappleｸ ｨｺ ｦ apple ｦ ｸ ｦ6ｦ ｨC ｦ 1 ｨC 6apple 96ｦｹ ｨC apple ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ, 76 7apple6ｦ9ｹ76 816ｦ ; 6ｦ ｨC 7 8 6ｦ ｹ6ｦ61, 76 7apple6ｦ9ｹ76 816ｦ ; ｨC 6 5apple916ｦｸ8 6ｸ79fl apple- 8apple6ｦ ｦ ｦ apple8apple6ｦ ; 6 5 ｨC 867ｹ7 ｹ appleｸ86 5ｸ8 9applefl696 (98 N 87 [18]); 6 7 ｨC 6ｦ ｦ6ｦ: I ｨC 6ｦ9ｸ8 8717fl; II ｨC 6ｦ9ｸ8 ｹ apple89fl; III ｨC 6ｦ9ｸ8 ｹ ｹ apple89fl [18]. 6ｦ 6 566ｦ ｦ96ｦ6ｦ 66ｦ ｹ fl 96 59apple76 56ｦ9fl ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple. ｨｨapple9 apple99 ｹ19 96ｦ 6ｦｹ 6 56ｦ8ｸ9 apple7 96 7apple6ｦ ｹ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8. 6ｦ appleｸ8 99 ｹ19 apple6ｦ 7. 5 [] apple6ｦ667appleｸ8 6ｦｹ6ｦ apple896, 7ｷ- ｸ , 6 7 9ｸ8, apple6ｦ9appleｸ ｦ6 7-6ｦ9ｹ619 7ｹ6ｦ ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦ- appleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 1apple apple787ｹ apple ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ, apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ fl 6 5 apple9fl ｦ96ｦ ｦ ｸ86 6ｦ apple , apple6ｦ7-6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ apple896. ｨ ｦfl 6669ｹ616ｦfl fl76, 678apple ｦ6 56ｦfl 996 5apple , 6ｦ99 7ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ 6 76ｦ applefl69fl = 6.9, apple6ｦ ｸ8 apple apple ｦapple apple6ｦ6-67appleｸ8 6 5 [, ] ｹ6ｦ9 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｹ ｦ6 59fl, 6 5ｸ896 56ｦ ｹ619 7apple6ｦ- ｷ ｨC , 8apple96 5 ｸ8 6 5 [6, 7]. 5966ｦ apple6ｦ9appleｸ apple769, 87fl fl 6ｦ 8apple ｦｸ9ｸ76 appleｸ79ｸ apple89fl ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ- 1, fl9 ｹ19 7apple6ｦｷ96 6 apple6ｦ , 8apple77 flｸ76 ｹapple9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ6196 ｷapple, apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ [8, 9] fl6 56fl 87 7apple6ｦ- ｷ96, 177apple7 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ , ｨC ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple, 6 571apple6 7 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ 9 66ｦ apple89fl ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ , apple6ｦ99ｹｸ8 967ｹ ｦ6 59fl. 5 6ｦ7 apple6ｦ9 66ｦ9 apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ6fl 6 596ｦ9766 5fl9 7apple6ｦｷ ｦ9ｹ6176 fl76ｸ9, 9 6ｦ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8, , 1996ｨC

16 116 6ｦ apple. 6ｦ apple96. ｨC5 8716ｦ96ｦ7, ｹ7 6 5apple apple89 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ apple7appleｸ86 5 6ｦ96ｦ ｦ6 7ｸ8 6ｦ 16ｦ apple apple6ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ- 99 6ｦ apple ｦ96 79 apple6ｦ6fl apple ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ9 96ｦ86ｦ apple7ｸ8 7 appleｸ79ｸ8 8apple7appleｸ86 56ｦ. 5ｸ8fl6 5ｸ appleｸ ｹ apple9fl9 6 77apple9976ｦｸ apple916ｦｸ8 6766ｦ6 5fl- ｸ9ｸ79 7apple6ｦｷ apple ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 ﾁ 5 1, 6 571apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 1, ｦ 8apple7appleｸ86 56ｦ 6ｦ96ｦ ｦ 8appleｸ8ｹ1 8 16ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ ｦ1, 7 177appleｸ apple ｸ8, 716ｦ96ｦ96 apple6ｦ976ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5ｸ89,.. ｸ89 7 6ｦ69 apple6ｦ6fl8-9fl 9 686ｦ9fl, 78616ｦ9fl 9 87 ｨB6ｦ. ｨｨappleflｸ ｹ619 99apple9fl, 6 5ｸ887ｸ ｦｹ6ｦ 6 5- apple6ｦfl , 8apple9apple7 ｹapple9 6flｷ ｸ896 1ｨC ｦapple apple9976ｦ- ｸ8 ( ) 9 6 5apple916ｦｸ8 (7 ｨC ) , apple6ｦ68778ｸ8 6 5 apple6ｦ67 8apple- ｸ8ｹ ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ ｦｸ89 6ｦ ｸ9 9fl ｦ 66 76ｦ ｸ89 7 6ｦapple8ｸ ｹ96ｸ apple76ｸ8 apple6ｦ9appleｸ86 5ｸ8 6 5 apple6ｦ ｦ apple. 16ｦappleｸ8-616ｦfl 99 79apple6ｦ 9 6ｦ 6ｦ ｹｸ8 7apple76 5ｸ ｦ ｹ176 apple19. 56ｦ6ｦfl 76ｦfl 99 appleｸ79 96ｦ - 8appleappleｸ86 5ｸ ｸ9 8apple7fl , 9apple96ｦ 17 6ｦ6ｦ apple 6ｦ ｨC.5, ｹｸ86 7apple ｸ8 78ｸ7 8apple9apple7 6ｦ 1 [8]. 5apple6ｦ appleｸ79ｸ8, 7 9apple9apple76 56ｦ- ｸ8 87 6ｦｸ8 6ｦｹ1apple7776ｨB ｦｸ ｦ9fl, apple6ｦ6876ｦ6 76ｦ96 6ｦ 87ｸ76ｦ 9 apple6ｦ9apple7 87 9apple77 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ ( ｸ ｦ7). ｨｨ76 87 apple ｦ9fl ｸ8fl6976, ｹ apple6ｦ9appleｸ86 5ｸ8 (appleｸ79ｸ8) 9ｸ9 87ｹ9 apple9 97-6ｦ7 6ｦ8apple6ｦ apple6ｦ68apple76apple6ｦｸ apple7ｸ8 7 apple. 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl ｹｸ9 9 96ｦ86ｦ ｸ9 67apple7ｸ ｦ [9]. 5ｸ8fl69 8apple9apple7 ｸ8 ｹ apple76ｸ8 apple6ｦ9appleｸ ｦapple fl fl66 57, ｹ apple6ｦ976 56ｦ9fl 6 5 6ｦ7 6 ｸ87 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ6, , applefl6-9fl apple6ｦ76 77 ｹ189ｷapple6ｦ apple7flｸ86 6ｦ fl apple896 16ｦ- appleｸ ｦ6ｦ, ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 9applefl696 6 ﾜ 6.9, 177appleｸ8 8apple ｨC ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ- 617 ｷapple, apple6ｦ666ｦapple96 56ｦ applefl apple6ｦ 7 [,, 9 apple.] ｨｦ9 6ｦ 177appleｸ fl96ｦｸ8 6 7apple6ｦｷ9fl apple769. ｨｨ ｹ619 99apple9fl ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6 5 8apple apple apple6ｦ6fl apple769, 17-7apple7 ｸ87 6ｦ1696ｦｸ8 6 5 apple6ｦ ｦ6ｦ- 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 [1]. ｨｴ ｸ8 6 5ｸ896 56ｦ7 6ｦapple6ｦ66ｦ9 6ｦ6 59fl apple ｦ6 7-6ｦ9ｹ617 7ｹ6ｦ6 7 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷ- apple6ｦ 9, 16ｦ , apple6ｦ6fl apple7-69 6ｦ ｷapple7 6ｦ6 59fl (8apple ｹ applefl apple ｸ86ｦ apple769 6ｦ ｷapple7 6ｦ6 59fl). ｨｺ6ｦ6fl ｦ6 576 apple6ｦ apple ｹ ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5-9fl ｦ 6ｦ6 778apple9flｸ fl fl 6 5 apple9fl 6ｦ96ｦ ｦ6 7ｸ apple ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ. ｨｦ 76 5apple7 6ｦ ｦ 1 6 5apple apple89ｸ9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ ｨｨ ｸ ｹｸ ｦｹ6ｦ96 91apple79- applefl69fl. 5 fl 87 apple6ｦ687789ｸ ｷapple applefl apple9 [], 8apple7ｷ66 7 apple6ｦ976 56ｦ9fl appleｸ appleｸ8ｹ ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 6ｦ 87 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 5-9ｸ apple6ｦ 6ｦ ｸ96 7. ｨｴ apple applefl fl ｦ7179ｹ applefl69fl 6 5 ｸ9876 ｹ6ｦ69 16ｦappleｸ ｦ- 9ｹ ｷapple6ｦ, ｦ6 5969ｸ89 179ｹ6199 8apple7ｷ666ｦ9. ｨ 6, ｹapple9 ｹ 876 6ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ apple7fl 9applefl696, ｹ ｦｹ6ｦ apple9 8apple applefl69 6 = 6.9 (apple96. ｨC5) ｦ 87 8apple9 98ｸ8 7ｷ16ｦ ｨｮapple ｹ6ｦ ｦｹ6ｦ apple89 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ. ｨ 6ｦ9, ｹ7 6 5 ｹ176 ｹ6ｦ69 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ ｷ- apple6ｦ 8apple97 9ｹ619 8apple7967 fl 9applefl69fl 6apple ｸ8 ( =.6; = 5.5) fl apple89fl9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ []. ｨｨapple applefl , = 6.9, 6 5apple7fl7, 7 6 7ｹ apple9 6ｦ96ｦ ｦ6 7ｸ apple ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ 6 5 apple6ｦ97ｸ appleｸ79, 177apple6ｦfl 66ｦ- 6ｦ 6 76ｦ ｦｸ9ｸ76 6ｦ apple89fl. 6ｦ96ｦｸ8 6 5ｸ89 6ｦ 876 5apple ｦ ｹ1 appleｸ79ｸ8 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ. ｨｨapple9 6 5 apple99 6ｦ619 8apple79977 apple6ｦ6fl apple7-69 6ｦ ｦ ｦ apple6ｦ (apple96., 7) applefl 7apple6ｦ ｹ176 97ｸ8 766ｦ96 87 flｸ89. ｨｪ6ｦ apple799769, 69 apple6ｦ9 apple7 6ｦfl appleｸ796ｦ9 916ｦfl 976ｦ, 8apple96 76ｦｸ9- ｸ76ｦfl ｦ6 576 appleｸ79 apple6ｦ6fl89fl, 8apple766ｦ ｸ ｨｨ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8, 8apple9appleｸ86 7 ｨB 78616ｦ96 87ｸ76ｦ 9 apple6ｦ9apple7 1 ﾁ apple 6ｦ ｦ6 5fl. 1. ｨｦ ｨB apple ｦｸ9ｸ76 appleｸ79- ｸ ｸ8 8apple ｦ apple6ｦ6 5fl6fl 1 ﾁ ﾁ 1 = ﾁ 1 6. ｨ 9appleｸ8 7769ｸ8 6 5apple916ｦｸ apple8apple76 5, apple6ｦ68778ｸ fl 1766ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196 (apple96. 6, 7), ｸ8 6 5ｸ896 56ｦｸ8 967ｹ917 6ｦ6 59fl 6apple9ｹ ｷ9-9 apple9ｹ6176 7appleｸ8, 8apple9apple9ｹ619 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ619 7ｹ6ｦ6 77, 6ｦ7 flｸ796fl ｦ- apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ9fl apple8apple ｷapple6ｦ apple89fl ｦappleｸ apple (apple96. 7, 8) 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ-

17 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ , 6 7 8apple9 6 5 apple99 6ｦ96ｦ appleｸ apple89fl 8apple ｦ1696ｦ7 apple6ｦ6- fl apple769 6ｦ 6 59ｹ (apple96. ). 5 ｷ7, 87 6ｦｸ8 8appleflｸ8 99apple apple9-976ｦｸ apple916ｦｸ8 6766ｦ6 5flｸ9ｸ79-7apple6ｦｷ apple769, 689fl 96ｦ 9 999fl9, 6ｦ 6ｦ ｦ776 79ｹ ｹ619 6ｦｸ8 [ 9 apple.], ｦ ｸ ｦ apple7flｸ8 8apple9ｹ9ｸ8, 6 5ｸ896 56ｦ6 59 7apple6ｦｷ99, ｸ8 6 ｸ9ｸ ｸ766 5ｸ9ｸ7 99 ｸ87ｹ7 6ｦ apple ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ617 7ｹ6ｦ6 7 6ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ619 ｷ- apple7, 177appleｸ fl96ｦ ｸ8 6ｦ96ｸ8 96-7ｹ917 6ｦ6 7, 6 5 8apple ｸ896 56ｦ7 apple6ｦ6- fl apple ｦ6ｦ9 16ｦ- appleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1.. 6ｦｹ6ｦ ｹ9 6ｦ6 59fl 6 5 8apple9apple9ｹ617 6ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ617 7ｹ6ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ7. ｨｴ7 6 5ｸ896 56ｦ7 91apple79applefl69fl ｦ7, 177appleｸ8 apple6ｦ68apple76apple6ｦ996 6ｦ ｸ ｦ 76 apple6ｦ ｸ apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ apple ｦ7179ｹ applefl69, = 6.9, ｸ98-16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ 6ｦ , 177apple ｦ7 ｹapple9 ｹ 96ｦ 6669ｹ6176 6ｦ ｦｷ96 7 6ｦ69, 6ｦ7 flｸ766fl ｦ6ｦ9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ applefl69 617apple97 6ｦｹ6ｦ7 ｹ apple89fl 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ, 8apple6 5ｸ8 8apple996ｦ19 177apple76 77 ｸ89 96ｦｹｸ8 ｹapple ｹ6ｦ applefl69fl. 5. ｨｨapple applefl apple6ｦ97ｸ ｹ apple9 6ｦ6 7ｸ8 87 appleｸ796ｦ 99 17apple ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ ｦ ｸ9 apple6ｦ97ｸ9 97, 177apple6ｦfl 8apple7fl ｦ6fl ｹ7-16ｦｹ6ｦ ｦ9ｹ fl66ｦ ｹapple ｦｸ8 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1. ｨｨapple7appleｸ86 5 6ｦ- 96ｦ apple769 8apple ｹ6ｦ61 ｹ176 97ｸ8, 177appleｸ86 apple6ｦ6876ｦ6 76ｦ6fl ｦ6ｦ- 9 16ｦappleｸ86196, 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1, 9 16ｦ apple6ｦ9 9 8apple9apple9ｹ6199 7ｹ6ｦ6 76ｦ9. ｨｰ9apple96ｦ apple6ｦ ｸ8 6ｦ ｹ17 ｹ6ｦ ｨｨapple9apple7 ｹapple9 1 ｹ applefl69fl 6ｦ96ｦ76 56ｦfl 6ｦ6 76ｦ, 6 5 applefl6 56ｦfl6fl appleｸ79, ｦ 876 5apple ｦ ｹ6ｦ69 6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦ, 6 7 6ｦｹ6ｦ- 76 apple6ｦ76ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ apple89, 177apple ｨｦ apple6ｦｷ apple ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 8apple apple96ｦ- 6 59ｹ9fl 6ｦ6 59fl ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ617 7ｹ6ｦ , ｷapple 177apple ｦ7 96fl 6ｦ apple9apple7 18 1, fl apple 87ｹ appleｸ8 67 ｸ896: apple applefl69fl, = 6.9, 6ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ 7ｹapple 76 77, fl, 8apple97 6ｦ 996 5apple89fl 6ｦ 997-6ｦｷ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ86196, 8apple7appleｸ86 56ｦ 6ｦ96ｦ apple6ｦ176 5apple apple89fl ｦ apple 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ 99 6ｦ1 6 7 apple6ｦ976 56ｦ apple- 76ｸ8 apple6ｦ9appleｸ (appleｸ79) ｹ apple9fl ｸ89 7 6ｦapple8ｸ8 7apple6ｦｷ99, 6 59ｹ ﾁ 1 ｨC , apple6ｦ6fl ｦ6 59 9ｸ apple76 8apple9- ｸ apple77 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ9 6ｦ ｦ apple6ｦ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1 9 ｸ98. ｨｦ9 8apple7 786ｦ ｸ89 8apple 6 56ｦappleflｸ9ｸ799 8apple996ｦ16ｦ apple89fl ｹ17 apple6ｦ67.. ｨｦｹapple 76 8apple97 6ｦ ｦ6ｦ 16ｦ- appleｸ86196, fl ｦ67flｸ7 6 5applefl (6 5apple6ｦ ), 8apple 6 56ｦapplefl6fl apple6ｦ6fl apple apple676fl ｦ 8apple9ｸ apple ｹ7 6ｦ8apple6ｦ6 59ｸ apple76ｸ9.5 ﾁ 1 ｨC ｨｨapple apple6ｦ6fl8-9 6ｦｹ6ｦ ｨｨapple9 ｹ ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 78616ｦ apple76ｸ , fl apple6ｦ6 59ｸ9 6 apple ｦ 5. ｨｪ6ｦ ｨB fl6 5fl6fl apple ｦｹ6ｦ6ｦ 996 5apple89fl 6 516ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｨ 96 5apple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｨC apple fl apple6ｦ6fl89fl ｦ9fl apple apple676fl 1766ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ ｦ appleｸ8. 5 8apple ｦ ｹ6ｦ61 apple6ｦ9apple7 ﾁ 5 1, apple6ｦ ｸ ｹ76 67apple ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ ｸ9ｹ6ｦｸ9ｸ7 6 5ｸ87 ｸ8 6 77appleflｹ9 967ｹ ｹ6ｦ7 apple6ｦ ｨC ｦ apple19 16ｦappleｸ8616ｦfl, 8apple apple6ｦ6fl apple76ｸ9.1 ﾁ 1 ｨC apple6ｦｷ99 apple6ｦ6fl89fl 766ｦ 6 56ｦ- 9, 9 6apple flfl 617apple76 9 ｸ86ｦ +1.8 ﾁ 1 ｨC6. 5 8apple ｦｹ9ｸ8, 8apple6 5ｸ86ｦｸ9ｸ apple 9fl 6 77apple9976ｦｸ ｦapple applefl, 87 6ｦｸ apple76 56ｦ- 9fl, ｸ ｹ ｦ 6 516ｦ6ｦ 6ｦｹ6ｦ ｸ86ｦ6fl. 59ｹ96ｦ 6 5apple916ｦ ｸ79fl apple8apple6ｦ 96ｦ 6 56ｦ ｦ 6766ｦ6 596ｦ +15 (apple96. 9). 5. ｨｴ89ｷapple 9applefl69fl = ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple 6ｦ7 96fl, ｹ619 6ｦｸ8, ｦ69 686ｦ9fl 6 5apple appleｸ ｦｸ apple6ｦｷ9fl apple769, 177appleｸ8 6ｦ ｸ9 6ｦ ｹ ｦ ｦappleｸ ｦ9ｹ617 ｷapple ｨC , ｸ apple9976ｦｸ8 apple6ｦ6- fl89fl 876 5apple ｹ976 7, 8apple apple7appleｸ86 56ｦ 6ｦ96ｦ apple8-9fl ｦ6ｦ9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 99 6ｦ1. ｨｺ6ｦ667fl9 8 1apple6ｦapple ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ apple6ｦapple7 apple6ｦ76ｦ6 76ｦ9ｹ-

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19 156ｨｦｨｺ9ｨ ｨ, 55ｨｹｨ 1 5 5ｨ ｨｲ1 ( = 6.9) ｨ ｨｪｨｺｨｹ5ｨ ｨｪ716ｦapple6 5 ｨｨ.ｨ. 516ｦ9ｹ619 9applefl69fl 16ｦｹ6ｦ19..: 6ｦ16ｦ, ｨｪ716ｦapple6 5 ｨｨ.ｨ. ｨ 96 5apple89fl ｹ6196 apple89 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ // 516ｦ fl fl ｧ ｨｦ 996 5apple89fl ｦ apple 16ｦ ｦ1 9 16ｦappleｸ ｦ6ｦ 6ｦ 16ｦｹ6ｦ , 9 99ｹ99 9 6ｦ99 // 516ｦ776 79fl fl ｧ apple76 5.ｨｨ., , ｨ 6 56ｦ apple. ｨｴapple ｦfl fl ｦ6ｦ 16ｦappleｸ ｦ 1 (19798) // 516ｦ776 79fl fl ｧ ｨC.. Zobin V.M., Levina V.I. Rupture history of the January 1, 1996, Ms 6.6 volcanic earthquake preceding the simultaneous eruption of Karymsky and Akademia Nauk volcanoes in Kamchatka, Russia // J. Geophys. Res V. 1. 6ｧ8 B8. P Deformations Related to a Large (M = 6.9) earthquake, the Magma Discharge, and Eruptions in the Karymskii Volcanic Center in 1996ｨC5 M.A. Maguskin 1, S.A. Fedotov 1, V.E. Levin, V.F. Bakhtiarov 1 Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii, 686, Russia Kamchatka Branch, Geophysical Service, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii, 686, Russia A network of interconnected observation sites was established in the entire Kamchatskii Volcanic Center and near the active Kamchatskii Volcano, Kamchatka in with a view to studying ground deformation. Multiple observations by this network yielded quantitative characteristics of the ground deformation related to the following phenomena: the eruption of Karymskii Volcano during the periods and January 1, 1996, to 5 (still going on, written in Februaru 8); the discharge of basalt on January, 1996, in the bottom of Lake Karymskii situated in the caldera of Akademii Nauk Volcano (that volcano had previously been thought to be extinct) and the subsequent phreatomagmatic eruption lasting about one day; the large (M = 6.9) earthquake of January 1, 1996, at 1 h 57 min local time in the Karymskii Volcanic Center at a depth of 1 km. This paper discusses the relationship of ground deformation to volcanic activiti and the abovementioned unique natiral occurrences, and their mechanism as deduced from geodetic data.