16雲南長坂.indd

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1 No.15, , 2014 ベトナム北部の茶文化首都ハノイを中心として長坂康代国立民族学博物館 Ⅰ. はじめにハノイの旧市街を網羅する路上茶屋と茶文化 ( ) ( ) 8~10 Ⅱ. 中国茶と雲南の茶とタイグエン茶の関連性 100 (

2 No ~ 1945 ) (1991 ) (1945 ) [ 1998:64] (= ) [ 1998.:66] ( ) 洱 [ 2013:269] 洱 (1979 ) ( 1986 ) ( ) ( ) 15 ~ 20% Ⅲ. ハノイに流通する茶タイグエン茶の生産地から旧市街への流通ルート ( ) ( ) 2 ( ) ( 1 ) 185

3 kg 10 kg 20 kg = ( 2 ) Ⅳ. 旧市街を網羅する路上茶屋旧市街の外の固定茶屋 ,000 ( ) 30,000 ~ 100,000 (2006 ) 60 A 60 B C 90 D 60 E F 50 G 2. 旧市街の外の茶屋の 1 日 3 T 1.5 m ,000 ( ) (2007 )( 3 ) ( ) (= ) ( ) 186

4 No ( ) (= ) (= ) ( ) (= ) (2 ) 6 30 ~ ~ ~ ~ (50 ) ( 4 ) 路上茶屋での階層化と階層内ネットワーク地域性と他者の受容 ( ) ( ) 187

5 ( ) Ⅴ. ニッチ産業としての移動茶屋 1. 旧市街の移動茶屋 ( 5 ) 30,000 (2006 ) 2. 市場の移動茶屋の棲み分け (= ) 188

6 ヒマラヤ学誌 No るまさに茶はハノイの日常生活に不可欠な重厚な文化である写真２ハノイで茶葉を売る天秤担ぎの女性写真１ト写真２ハノイでベトナムタイグエン省内の普通茶チェ写真３旧写真 1 ベトナムタイグエン省内の普通茶チェーハット写真 2 ハノイで茶葉を売る天秤担ぎの女性写真５旧市街ハノイで茶葉を売る天秤担ぎの女性写真２写真３写真 3 旧市街地内の固定茶屋旧市街地内の固定茶屋写真３学旧写真４ 9 写真 4 学生も固定茶屋を利用する写真４写真６写真５旧市街地内の路上茶屋写真４学生も固定茶屋を利用する写真３旧市街地内の固定茶屋学卸売 9 注9 写真 5 旧市街地内の路上茶屋写真 6 卸売ロンビエン市場の路上茶屋写真６ i ニャンチャン茶は胆汁の分泌を促進して肝臓細卸売ロンビエン市場の路上茶屋る効果があるとされ夏に好んで飲まれているヴ学生も固定茶屋を利用するあるといわれる ii 熱を加え茶葉の発酵酸化を止めること写真４ 189 iii

7 ( ) 1 1,000 ( 6 ) Ⅵ. まとめコミュニケーションツールとしての茶文化 ( ) 謝辞 ( ) 注 ( ) 190

8 No ( ) 55,000 /1kg 120,000 /1kg 1~2 30, ,000 ~ 60,000 (2006 ) 1 2,000 1,000 参考文献 1) :. 14: , ). :.,, )..,, ) :. 30(6): 9-22, ) :. ( )23: , ) :.,, ) Hoàng Xuân Vinh:Tự chữa bệnh bằng Cỏ cây hoa lá. NXB Thanh niên, Hà Nội, Việt Nam, ) Viện nghiên cứu quản lý kinh tế trung ương.cơ quan phát triển quốc tế thụy điển:tác động của hội nhập kinh tế quốc tế đến sản xuất, chế biến và tiêu thụ một số nông sản ở Việt Nam qua nghiên cứu chè, cà phê, điều. NXB bản lý luận chính trị, Hà Nội, Việt Nam,

9 Summary Tea Culture in the Northern Vietnam Penetration and Flourishing of Tea Culture in the Daily Lives of Hanoi, the Capital of Vietnam Yasuyo Nagasaka National Museum of Ethnology This article aims at analyzing the present active situation of penetration of tea culture into the corners of every street of old ward of Hanoi, the central commercial area of capital. In terms of it, this article intends to analyze the flourishing of tea culture in the daily lives of urban setting of Hanoi. First, the writer explains the rough sketch of supposed diffusion route of tea culture to northern Vietnam, process of tea production especially in the Thai Nguyen region, most famous region for tea production in Vietnam, and its sales and circulation to Hanoi. Next, the writer shows multi-function of tea spot in the street of capital such as communication tool to participate in the community activities, to strengthen the solidarity in the street society, and to integrate young and old, male and female, community members and outsiders etc. The writer reveals that tea spot in every street has become the receptacles not only to collect urban native dwellers, but also to receive the immigrant workers from villages and rural areas to work in the town. Finally, the writer is going to prove that tea culture as a whole has been forming indispensable important networks in the daily lives of Hanoi to constitute the urban social structure by integrating different economic classes. 192

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