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1 J. JSNDS 平成 28 年 (2016 年 ) 熊本地震の概要と益城町周辺における余震 常時微動観測 宮本崇 1 飯山かほり 2 後藤浩之 3 盛川仁 2 Summary of the Kumamoto Earthquake and aftershock/microtremer observations in and around Mashiki town Takashi MIYAMOTO 1, Kahori IIYAMA 2, Hiroyuki GOTO 3 and Hitoshi MORIKAWA 2 Abstract The Kumamoto Earthquake, a series of seismic activity since April, caused severe structure damages in Kumamoto and Oita Prefectures. This article summarizes characteristics of the earthquake, observed ground motion, and structural damages in Mashiki town where severe damages of residential houses were concentrated. In order to investigate the damage patterns, we conducted aftershock and microtremer observations in the severely damaged area in Mashiki town and the surrounding area. The observation results imply that the site effects at the damaged sites in the surrounding area amplify frequency components related to damages of wooden structures. In contrast, it is difficult to associate the concentration of structural damages in Mashiki town with the site amplifications obtained from the observation results. These facts indicate that more detailed surveys and analysis are required to reveal the major factors causing the structure damages. Key words Kumamoto Earthquake, strong ground motion, ground motion damage, aftershock observation, microtremer observation, site amplification 1. はじめに / Faculty of Engineering, University of Yamanashi School of Environment and Socity, Tokyo Institute of Technology Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University

2 / / M. km km. m 図 1 CMT Hi-net CMT F-net CMT 図 1 PGV K-NET KiK-net 2. 地震および地震動の概要 / M JMA. / M JMA. 図 1 CMT PGV

3 J. JSNDS PGV PGV PGV PGV. m/s KiK-net KMMH 図 2. Hz KiK-net., KiK-net 図 3 KiK-net KMMH JMA JR JR KiK-net m/s JMA JR RC 3. 益城町における地震動被害 図 2 KiK-net KMMH. Hz 図 3 KiK-net KMMH JMA JR

4 , - 図 4 KiK-net KiK-net 図 4 J-SHIS AVS 4. 余震観測 図 4 KiK-net KiK-net IT GPS KiK-net IT. Hz 図 4 KiK-net m 図 5

5 J. JSNDS 図 5 M. PGA M. 図 5 PGA 図 6 H/V KiKnet km 図 7 NS 図 6 / / : M.

6 82 宮本 飯山 後藤 盛川 平成28年 2016年 熊本地震の概要と益城町周辺における余震 常時微動観測 よその傾向は平均によって示されているといえる 2.5 Hz 以上の短周期成分が 1 に比べて大きい であろう 4 は1.5Hz および 4 Hz 付近に 1 しかし 木造構造物の地震応答に影響が大きいと に比較して大きな地震動が記録されており 5 考えられる 1 2 Hz では 2 6 のすべての は 4 に比べると目立った特徴がないことがわか 観測点においてあまり大きな違いがみられない る すなわち 5 は 1 とよく似た地震動であ 観測点間のスペクトル比だけでは地盤の地震応 ることになる 図 8 にその他の観測点と 1 のス 答特性についての議論が難しいため 各観測点で ペクトル比の平均をまとめて示す 3 と 5 が の余震記録の水平動 上下動スペクトル比 H/V 被害が特に大きかったエリアに含まれていること を検討した 本来ならば 主要動部分を抽出して に注意して図 8 を見ると 3 と 5 では 1 に H/V を求めるべきものかもしれないが 主要動 対してあまり大きな違いがなく 周波数特性にも 部分の振幅が大きく表面波もほとんど見られない 特徴がみられない 一方 それ以外の観測点では ため 余震ごとに記録の全てを用いて H/V を計 図7 観測された余震の観測点 1 に対する観測点 4 および 5 の NS 成分のスペクトル比の例 赤線は平均を表す 1 に対して 4 は1.5 Hz および4 Hz 付近の地震動が大きいが 5 は ほとんど一定で 1 との違いがはっきりしない 図8 観測点 1 に対する各観測点での水平動のスペクトル比の平均 2 は KiK-net KMMH16の 記録を用いた

7 J. JSNDS 図 9 Hz 図 11 a H/V 図 9 図 11 a H/V H/V Lachet and Bard H/V KiK-net m PS Rayleigh H/V 5. 微動観測 H/V 図 5 図 10. Hz bit H/V H/V 図 11 図 a 図 9 H/V 図 9 H/V 図 10 -

8 # 図 11 H/V H/V 図 11 b Hz H/V H/V H/V 6. まとめ 謝辞

9 J. JSNDS K-NET KiK-net 引用文献 press/ / a/.html go.jp/updates/h jishin/index.html corp.w-nexco.co.jp/newly/h / a/ eec /node/ or.jp/eec /node/ ver. KumamotoEQ_Recon_v -.pdf mlit.go.jp/common/.pdf saigai_.html go.jp/jma/press/ / a/.html press/ / c/kaisetsu.html resource/monthly/ / _kumamoto_.pdf gsj.jp/hazards/earthquake/kumamoto / kumamoto -.html Hi-net F-net kyoshin/jishin/ _kumamoto/index. html kyoshin/jishin/ _kumamoto/index. html K-NET KiK-net kyoshin/ MJMA. pdf/ KumamotoEQ_v.pdf M. go.jp/kyoshin/topics/kumamoto_ / inversion/ pub/default.aspx?c_id=

10 go.jp/lab/hbg/kumamotozisinniinnkai/ pdf/ siryou.pdf japanese/contents/topics/ / -kumamoto-. pdf archi.kyoto-u.ac.jp/topics/ kumamoto.pdf -kumamotoearthquake-index.html /, /, Hata, Y., H. Goto and M. Yoshimi: Preliminary analysis of strong ground motions in the heavily damaged zone in Mashiki town, Kumamoto, Japan, during the main shock of the Kumamoto earthquake (Mw. ) observed by a dense seismic array, Seism. Res. Lett., in printing. IT IT eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/itkyoshin/ data.jma.go.jp/svd/eqdb/data/shindo/ Lachet, C. and Bard, P.-Y., Numerical and theoretical investigation on the possibility and limitation of Nakamura s technique, J. Phys. Earth,, pp. -,. 要 旨

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