Core Ethics Vol. Microfinance Institution MFIMFI : MFI Microcredit Summit Campaign : MFI Grameen Bank GB MFI MFI MFI GB GB : GHQ GB MFI GB GB

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1 Core Ethics Vol. * he or she enjoy to lead the kind of life he or she have reason to value Sen : reason to value reasonablelife Jeremy Bentham frugality bank poor man s bank David Ricardo Ricardo

2 Core Ethics Vol. Microfinance Institution MFIMFI : MFI Microcredit Summit Campaign : MFI Grameen Bank GB MFI MFI MFI GB GB : GHQ GB MFI GB GB GB

3 GB US GNI GNPGB GNI. GNP. GB GNI GNP, GNP GB Hulme&Mosleybreak-even (i a) X (1 p) rx px i a p r 1 p i a X r p p i a p r GB GB GB... GB GB

4 Core Ethics Vol. GB GB GB GB Muhammad Yunus human rightyunus Amartya Sen Capability CA Sen =: i x i c(x) i b i f i(c(x i)) i Q Q(X i: : F i) {b i X i X i, f i F i : b i f i (c(x i))} X i i x i F i i f i Sen CA CA GB MFI Sen GB MFI GB Sen GB Sen =: Jeffery Sachs GB MFI CA Sachs =: -

5 Yunus GB Yunus Yunus&Jolis =: - GB GB GB GB MFI GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB GB CA : - reasonablereason

6 Core Ethics Vol. to value : CA GB : : : : : : -

7 GB CA GB GB GB CA GB GB : CA CA

8 Core Ethics Vol. CA CA GB, MFI Microcredit Summit Campaign : CA GB GB Sen Sachs Yunus GB MF MF Yunus Yunus&Jolis =: Yunus GB Yunus GB MFI

9 : frugality bank Bentham poor man's bank Bentham Bentham Ricardo : p p p : - GB GNP GNP GB GB MFI Takaki GB Takaki Armendariz de Aghion&Mordich Sen : -: GB GB : - : :

10 Core Ethics Vol. ACCION InternationalThe Business of Fighting Poverty: ACCION International Annual Report 2005 Boston: ACCION International. - Armendariz de Aghion Beatriz & Jonathan Mordich The Economics of Microfinance, Cambridge: MIT Press. Bentham Jeremy Outline of a Work entitled Pauper Management Improve John Bowring ed. The Works of Jeremy Bentham volume 8 New York: Russell&Russell inc. Collateral Uses Derivable from a System of Industry Houses Michael Quinn ed., The Collected Works of Jeremy Bentham Writings on the Poor Lows volume1 Oxford: Clarendon Press. Connig Jonathan Outreach,sustainability and leverage in monitored and peer-monitored lending Journal of Development Economics : Hulme David & Paul MosleyFinance against Poverty volume1 London: Routledge Microcredit Summit Campaign State of the Microcredit Summit Campaign Report 2007 Washington: Microcredit Summit Campaign :

11 Sacks Jeffery DThe End of Poverty: How We Can Make It Happen in Our Lifetime Londpn: penguin Sen Amartya KCommodities and Capabilities Amsterdam:North-Holland Development as Freedom New York: Alfred A Knopf - - Takaki Keiko Microcredit and Development: A Comparison with Japanese Tanomoshi-koh and Consumer Loans Tunisia- Japan Cultural Dialogue Tunis: Beit El Hikma- - - Study Series - - Yunus Muhammad & Alan JolisVers un Monde Sans Pauvreté Paris : Jean-Claude Lattès What is Microfinance August

12 Core Ethics Vol. Examination of Money Lending by The People s Bank from the Perspective of the Capability Approach: Comparing The People s Bank with Grameen Bank KADOSAKI Yohei Abstract: The People s Bank (Shomin-Kinko) was a small-money lending institution with a social policy of supporting the economically deprived in prewar Japan. This paper examines the lending of The People s Bank to make clear whether its method of lending money actually supported impoverished people and low-income earners. This paper examines The People s Bank from the perspective of the Capability Approach, and it compares The People s Bank with Grameen Bank, a representative of the microfinance institutions of today. This paper explains two differences between The People s Bank and Grameen Bank from the perspective of the Capability Approach. First, The People s Bank had a more limited group of users than Grameen Bank. For example, The People s Bank did not lend money to women and beggars, unlike Grameen Bank, which lends money to such people in Bangladesh today. Second, the money lending of The People s Bank promoted war. The People s Bank lent money to men that cooperated with the government for war. Therefore, The People s Bank limited its users freedom to live as they wished. In conclusion, this paper makes it clear that the money lending of The People s Bank did not go far in supporting impoverished people and low income earners. Keywords: The People s Bank (Shomin-Kinko), Capability Approach, method of lending money, Grameen Bank

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