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1 The Journal of the Japan Academy of Nursing Administration and Policies Vol. 12, No. 2, PP 42-52, 2009 The Role Accomplishment of Assistant Head Nurses in Health Care Revolutionary Period Yoko Hayashi Key words: health care revolutionary period, assistant head nurses, role accomplishment キーワード Abstract The purpose of the present study is to clarify how the assistant head nurse at nurse unit in medical facilities is accomplishing the role in the health care revolutionary period. The facilities participating in the investigation were three general hospitals in the Kanto area, which had the approval of the Accreditation of Health Care Organizations and the recognition of acute period hospitalization addition. And the research participants were nurses with three years or more experience as assistant head nurse. The data gathering process was to make the organization outline investigation and the semi-structured interview investigation by Demographic sheet including the duty regulations book on the assistant head nurse. Methods of analysis were by content analysis, and they clarified the phenomenon common to the role accomplishment of the assistant head nurse by integrating the of the three facilities. The number of data extracted from verbatim recording was 2293, and they were coded in three stages and refined. As a result, two situations were found: Confusion by promotion of the hospital management policy and Role accomplishment centering on the head nurses.from among the relation of the categories concerning the role accomplishment of the assistant head nurse, four featuring phenomena were found in the situation in the nurse unit and in the process of the role accomplishment of the assistant head nurse in the health care revolutionary period. It was suggested that it is necessary to arrange an environment to make further use of the knowledge and ability that the assistant head nurse has acquired from experience, and to reconsider job specifications and investigate authority transfer based on the present situation at the medical scene with a complicated complexion beyond our estimate. 要旨 42

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4 表1 参加施設の概要 A病院 B病院 C病院 一般病院 病院分類 一般病院 一般病院 医療許可病床数 799 床 772 床 500 床 平均在院日数 16 日 16 日 13.7 日 病床稼働率 89% 95% 95.10% 病院機能評価取得 2001 年 2003 年 2004 年 看護職員数 約 650 人 約 625 人 約 400 人 看護単位数 21 単位 25 単位 18 単位 看護師長数 24 人 28 人 14 人 副師長数 24 人 35 人 12 人 看護主任数 0人 75 人 22 人 夜間勤務等看護加算 看護Ⅰ Ⅱ 看護Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 看護Ⅰ Ⅱ 看護師長配置割合 一般病床 2 1 一般病床 2 1 一般病床 2 1 表2 副師長 経験 副師長の属性一覧 NO 年齢 看護 経験 副師長になって 関わった師長数 副師長になってから の病棟移動回数 現在の病棟 経験年数 1 45 歳 24 年 2 48 歳 25 年 6年 5人 2回 15 年 5人 3回 3 34 歳 14 年 4年 3人 4 39 歳 18 年 3年 2人 5 45 歳 24 年 3年 2人 1回 6 41 歳 20 年 5年 3人 1回 7 45 歳 21 年 10 年 3人 1回 6年 平均 42 歳 21 年 6.6 年 3人 4 研究参加者の概要 研究参加者 7 名は全て女性であり 年齢は 34 歳 管理研修 現在の勤務病棟 2年 3 か月 脳外 耳鼻咽喉科 3年 1 年 教育 呼吸器内科 1回 1年 1年 手術室 0回 7年 3 5日 救命救急病棟 2年 3日 NICU GCU 3年 4 6 日 内科 眼科 2日 一般内科 3.4 年 た役割遂行 の 2 つの状況が見出された この 2 つの状況は コアカテゴリーとカテゴリーで構成 から 48 歳までで 平均年齢は 42 歳であった 臨 されていた 病院経営方針の推進による混乱 は 床経験年数は 14 年から 25 年であり 平均臨床経 副師長を取り巻く現在の職場環境や師長 スタッ 験年数は 21 年であった 副師長経験年数は 3 年 フ 医師 患者 家族の状況を表し 師長を中心 から 15 年で 平均副師長経験年数は 6.6 年であっ とした役割遂行 は 副師長の役割遂行の状況を た 表 2 表した 病院経営方針の推進による混乱 は 病 院経営方針の徹底 56 殺伐とした病棟 358 の 5 分析結果 内容分析で分析した結果 全データ数は 2293 で 2 個のコアカテゴリーに 師長を中心とした役割 遂行 は 副師長が解釈している役割期待 144 あり 分類をして最終コード数 1115 個を同意味に 変わらない師長との関係 384 副師長の役割遂 分類し 39 個のカテゴリーを抽出した 39 個のカ 行のプロセス 299 副師長の介入 262 看護単 テゴリーの関係を分析した結果 10 個のコアカテ 位の黒子 318 副師長の葛藤 92 自己統制で ゴリーが抽出された 以下 見出された状況 コ きない閉塞感 154 広がる活動範囲 134 の 8 アカテゴリー カテゴリー を示す の数 個のコアカテゴリーに分類された さらに これ 字はそれらの発生頻度を表す その結果 病院 らの 10 個のコアカテゴリーは 39 個のカテゴリー 経営方針の推進による混乱 と 師長を中心とし から構成されている 日看管会誌 Vol. 12, No. 2,

5 これらを図式化した結果 副師長の役割遂行の 院の機能を明確にして病院の経営戦略を展開して 様相が明らかとなり図1を作成した この図は いた 参加施設の病棟の状況を 病院経営方針の 最上部の四角の枠の中に 病院経営方針の推進か 徹底 の 生き残りをかけた病院経営戦略 と 殺 ら生じる混乱 のコアカテゴリーである 病院の 伐とした病棟 の 低下するスタッフのモチベー 経営方針の徹底 による影響で 殺伐とした病 ション 不安と緊張のために精神バランスが不安 棟 の状況が起きていていることを表した その 定なスタッフ 看護師と医師の対立 患者 家 変化した状況を受けて 師長を中心にした役割遂 族の人間関係の希薄化 の各カテゴリーから様々 行 の枠の中で副師長が役割を遂行するプロセス な現象が複雑に絡み合うことで 殺伐とした雰囲 や関係を表した 中央の逆三角形は 患者と家族 気が起きやすい状況が捉えられた 病棟は 病院 を中央に配置し ケアの提供においてそれらを囲 経営方針が徹底されたことにより 在院日数が短 むように副師長 師長 スタッフ 医師の関係性 縮され病院病床稼働率は上がり 戦略の成果が数 を表した 副師長は逆三角形の支点に立ち 師長 字で表れていた それによって 病棟は 重症化 とスタッフ スタッフと医師の間でシーソーのよ した患者やターミナル期の患者が増加し 検査目 うに揺れ動きながら師長 スタッフ 医師を支え 的入院や化学療法目的の短期入院患者が増加した 日常業務を推進するために役割を遂行している状 その結果 多様な背景を持つ患者が混在している 態を表した この現状の中で 4 つの特徴的な現象 ことで 日常的に業務は増え続け煩雑な業務環境 が見出された になっていた また 副師長は患者の看護ケアで 1 病棟を取り巻く殺伐とした雰囲気 精一杯のスタッフの業務状況の中で 一日の業務 医療変革期のなかで研究参加施設は 急性期病 量を少しでも安定させたいと考えて一日の入院人 a. 病院経営方針の徹底(56) 病院経営方針の推進による混乱 b. 殺伐とした病棟(358) a. 副師長が解釈している.役割期待(144) 師長を中心とした副師長の役割遂行 師長 医師 b. 変わらない師長との関係 384 スタッフ 患者 家族 c. 副師長の役割遂行プロセス(389) d. 副師長の介入(262) f. 副師長の葛藤(92) g. 自己統制ができない閉塞感(156) 副師長 e. 看護単位の黒子(318) h. 広がる活動範囲(134) 図1 副師長の役割遂行図 46 日看管会誌 Vol. 12, No. 2, 2009

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