4 4 2 RAW (PCA) RAW RAW [5] 4 RAW 4 Park [12] Park 2 RAW RAW 2 RAW y = Mx + n. (1) y RAW x RGB M CFA n.. R G B σr 2, σ2 G, σ2 B D n ( )
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1 RAW 4 [email protected] Abstract RAW RAW RAW RAW RAW 4 RAW RAW RAW 1 (CFA) CFA Bayer CFA [1] RAW CFA 1 2 [2, 3, 4, 5]. RAW RAW RAW RAW 3 [2, 3, 4, 5] (AWGN) [13, 14] RAW 2 RAW RAW RAW RAW [6, 7, 12] 3 [8, 9, 10, 11] RAW RAW RAW 4 G 2 4
2 4 4 2 RAW (PCA) RAW RAW [5] 4 RAW 4 Park [12] Park 2 RAW RAW 2 RAW y = Mx + n. (1) y RAW x RGB M CFA n.. R G B σr 2, σ2 G, σ2 B D n ( ) D m ( ) ˆx = D n (D m (Mx + n)). (2). η = D m (Mx + n) x. (3) ˆx = D m (D n (Mx + n)). (4) RAW RAW RAW RAW RAW 1 4 RAW 4 G R B GRBG RGGB BGGR GBRG 1 RAW
3 RAW RAW 4 4 RAW G 1, R, B, G 2 4 RGB Park RGB RGB 4 4 [12] RAW [7] 4 [ ] X = x 1 + n 1 x 2 + n 2 x m + n m, (5) Σ = 1 m 1 ( X µ 1 T m)( X µ 1 T m) T, (6) µ = 1 m m x i. (7) i=1 x i i 4 n i i m 4 1 m 1 m T Σ = Σ diag ( [ σ 2 Y 1 σ 2 Y 2 σ 2 Y 3 σ 2 Y 4 ] T ). (8) diag(z i ) z i σ 2 k 4 k GRBG
4 3 Y 1 G 1 Y 2 Y 3 = P R B, (9) Y 4 G 2 P 11 P 12 P 13 P 14 P = P 21 P 22 P 23 P 24 P 31 P 32 P 33 P 34. (10) P 41 P 42 P 43 P 44 P Σ v k. [ ] T P = v 1 v 2 v 3 v 4. (11) P 4. k σ 2 Y k = P 2 1kσ 2 G + P 2 2kσ 2 R + P 2 3kσ 2 B + P 2 4kσ 2 G. (12) RAW 4 RAW (a) (b) (34.49dB). (35.28dB). 4 (σ = 20). RAW GRBG RGGB BGGR GBRG RAW 4 4 RAW RAW RAW RAW (PSNR)
5 1 24 RAW PSNR[dB] ( ) σ [14] to CFA [7] [12] proposed CPSNR [db] Proposed [12] [10] [11] [14]toCFA [9] [7] Noise level PSNR [db] Proposed [12] [14]toCFA [7] Noise sigma 5 PSNR. RAW RAW RAW CPSNR Kodak high resolution image dataset RAW RAW 0 RAW [14] [5] 4.1 RAW RAW BM3D [14] RAW PCASAD [7] Park [12] BM3D [14] RAW 6 CPSNR. RAW BM3D Park BM3D 1 5 Kodak dataset 24 PSNR PSNR 4.2 RAW CFA [5] LPAICI [9], JDDTV [10], LSLCD [11] RAW CPSNR CPSNR BM3D [14] RAW CPSNR Park [12] 0.5dB 7 Park BM3D
6 2 24 CPSNR[dB] ( ) Type Dm Dm Dn Joint Dn and Dm Dn Dm [5] σ [5] [5] + [14] [9] [10] [11] [14]toCFA [7] [12] proposed N/A N/A [11] σ = 20. (a) ground truth (b) [5] (c) [5]+[14] (d) [9] (e) [10] (f) [11] (g) [14]toCFA (h) [7] (i) [12] (j) proposed 7 Kodak high resolution image dataset (σ = 20). Park [12] 5 RAW RAW 4 RAW [1] B. Bayer, Color imaging array, U.S. Patent , [2] L. Zhang and X. Wu, Color demosaicking via directional linear minimum mean square-error estimation, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol. 14, no. 12, pp , [3] X. Li, B. Gunturk, and L. Zhang, Image Demosaicing: A Systematic Survey, Proc. SPIE Electronic Imaging, vol. 6822, pp , [4] L. Zhang, X. Wu, A. Buades, and X. Li, Color demosaicking by local directional interpolation and nonlocal adaptive thresholding, Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 20, no. 2, pp , [5] D. Kiku, Y. Monno, M. Tanaka, and M. Okutomi, Residual Interpolation for Color Image Demosaicking, Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Processing (ICIP), pp , [6] A. Danielyan, M. Vehvilainen, A. Foi, V. Katkovnik, and K. Egiazarian Cross-color BM3D filtering of noisy raw data, in Proc. International Workshop on Local and Non-Local Approximation in Image Processing LNLA, pp.
7 , [7] L. Zhang, R. Lukac, X. Wu, and D. Zhang, PCA-based spatially adaptive denoising of CFA images for single-sensor digital cameras, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol. 18, no. 4, pp , [8] K. Hirakawa, and T.W. Parks, Joint demosaicing and denoising Image Processing, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol. 15, no. 8, pp , [9] D. Paliy, V. Katkovnik, R. Bilcu, S. Alenius, and K. Egiazarian, Spatially Adaptive Color Filter Array Interpolation for Noiseless and Noisy Data, Int. J. Imaging Sys. Tech., Sp. Iss. Appl. Color Image Process., vol. 17, no. 3, pp , [10] L. Condat, and S. Mosaddegh, Joint demosaicking and denoising by total variation minimization, Proc. of IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Processing (ICIP), pp , [11] E. Dubois, and G. Jeon, Demosaicking of Noisy Bayer-Sampled Color Images With Least-Squares Luma-Chroma Demultiplexing and Noise Level Estimation, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol. 22, no. 1, pp , [12] S. H. Park, H. S. Kim, S. Lansel, M. Parmar, and B. A. Wandell, A case for denoising before demosaicking color filter array data Asilomar Conf. on Signals, Systems, and Computers, pp , [13] J. Mairal, F. Bach, J. Ponce, G. Sapiro, and A. Zisserman, Non-local sparse models for image restoration. IEEE Int. Conf. on Computer Vision (ICCV), pp , [14] K. Dabov, A. Foi, V. Katkovnik, and K. Egiazarian, Image denoising with block-matching and 3D filtering, Proc. SPIE Electronic Imaging, no. 6064A 30, 2006.
IPSJ SIG Technical Report Vol.2012-CVIM-182 No /5/ RGB [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] [6], [7], [8], [9] 1 (MSFA: Multi-Spectrum Filt
1 1 1 1 1. 4 3 RGB [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] [6], [7], [8], [9] 1 (MSFA: Multi-Spectrum Filter Array) 1 [8], [9] RGB 1 Tokyo Institute of Technology 1 [10], [11], [12], [13], [14] [15] Parmar Wiener RGB
h(n) x(n) s(n) S (ω) = H(ω)X(ω) (5 1) H(ω) H(ω) = F[h(n)] (5 2) F X(ω) x(n) X(ω) = F[x(n)] (5 3) S (ω) s(n) S (ω) = F[s(n)] (5
1 -- 5 5 2011 2 1940 N. Wiener FFT 5-1 5-2 Norbert Wiener 1894 1912 MIT c 2011 1/(12) 1 -- 5 -- 5 5--1 2008 3 h(n) x(n) s(n) S (ω) = H(ω)X(ω) (5 1) H(ω) H(ω) = F[h(n)] (5 2) F X(ω) x(n) X(ω) = F[x(n)]
1 Kinect for Windows M = [X Y Z] T M = [X Y Z ] T f (u,v) w 3.2 [11] [7] u = f X +u Z 0 δ u (X,Y,Z ) (5) v = f Y Z +v 0 δ v (X,Y,Z ) (6) w = Z +
3 3D 1,a) 1 1 Kinect (X, Y) 3D 3D 1. 2010 Microsoft Kinect for Windows SDK( (Kinect) SDK ) 3D [1], [2] [3] [4] [5] [10] 30fps [10] 3 Kinect 3 Kinect Kinect for Windows SDK 3 Microsoft 3 Kinect for Windows
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(a) 1 (b) 3. Gilbert Pernicka[2] Treibitz Schechner[3] Narasimhan [4] Kim [5] Nayar [6] [7][8][9] 2. X X X [10] [11] L L t L s L = L t + L s
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25 11M15133 0.40 0.44 n O(n 2 ) O(n) 0.33 0.52 O(n) 0.36 0.52 O(n) 2 0.48 0.52
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72 12 2016 pp. 777 782 777 * 43.60.Pt; 43.38.Md; 43.60.Sx 1. 1 2 [1 8] Flexible acoustic interface based on 3D sound reproduction. Yosuke Tatekura (Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, 432 8561) 2. 2.1 3 M
す 局所領域 ωk において 線形変換に用いる係数 (ak 画素の係数 (ak bk ) を算出し 入力画像の信号成分を bk ) は次式のコスト関数 E を最小化するように最適化 有さない画素に対して 式 (2) より画素値を算出する される これにより 低解像度な画像から補間によるアップサ E(
IR E-mail: [email protected] Abstract IR RGB ( ) IR IR IR RGB RGB PSNR 1 Time-Of- Flight(TOF)[1] Kinect [2] TOF LED TOF [3] [6] [4][5] 2 [6] RGB ( ) Infrared(IR) IR 2 2.1 1 す 局所領域 ωk において 線形変換に用いる係数 (ak
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Application of image correlation technique to determination of in-plane deformation distribution of paper Toshiharu Enomae Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo 1 Peters
(4) ω t(x) = 1 ω min Ω ( (I C (y))) min 0 < ω < C A C = 1 (5) ω (5) t transmission map tmap 1 4(a) 2. 3 2. 2 t 4(a) t tmap RGB 2 (a) RGB (A), (B), (C)
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pp d 2 * Hz Hz 3 10 db Wind-induced noise, Noise reduction, Microphone array, Beamforming 1
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196 MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY Vol. 36 No. 4 September 2018 MRI 1 2 2 1 3 4 1 MRI MRI ScSR MRI T1 T2 FLAIR TOF ScSR PSNR SSIM T1 T1 T2 FLAIR ScSR PSNR SSIM Bilinear Bicubic Lanczos p
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1611 原著 論文受付 2009 年 6 月 2 日 論文受理 2009 年 9 月 18 日 Code No. 733 ピクセル開口率の向上による医用画像表示用カラー液晶モニタの物理特性の変化 澤田道人 石川晃則 1) 松永沙代子 1) 1) 石川陽子 有限会社ムツダ商会 1) 安城更生病院放射
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