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2 I II HFSS CST STUDIO SUITE GdfidL

3 I a 1 3 MH 1 3 GH 1 3 MH 1 3 GH MH 2 GH i F t b 1 1 a SuperKEKB 59 MH b SLAC 2 GH [1] 2 1 d2 x = kx 1 dt2 1 x k dx/dt α ω d2 x dt 2 = kx αdx dt + F cos ωt 2 2 ωt ωt + π/2 9 F sinωt 1 y d2 y dt 2 = ky αdy dt F sin ωt 3 1

4 = x + iy d2 dt 2 = k αd dt + F e iωt 4 i 4 e iθ = cos θ + i sin θ 5 t = Ae iωt 6 A A = k ω2 + iωα k ω ω 2 α 2 F t t = F k ω ω 2 α 2 [ k ω 2 cos ωt + ωα sin ωt + i { ωα cos ωt k ω 2 sin ωt }] 8 8 xt= {t} 9 F = k ω ω 2 α [ 2 ] k ω 2 cos ωt + ωα sin ωt 1 *1 8 yt yt = I{t} 11 F = k ω ω 2 α [ 2 {ωα cos ωt k ω 2 sin ωt }] x ϕ ϕ x = Ae i k x ωt 13 ω 13 k x ωt = const *2 ω/ k k k 2π k 3 F x = d 3 k F k e i k x 15 F x : 15 k = k k ω ω k ω k *1 *2 2

5 ω k ω = ω k k k 1 ω k ω k + ω k k k 16 k= k k = k + k k e iω kt 15 F x = e i k x ω k t k d 3 k F k e i k x ω k k t k= k 18 k k v g 18 v g = ω k k ω k / k v p v p v g k E x, t + B x, t = t 2 H x, t D x, t = t 21 D x, t = 22 B x, t = 23 E H D B = x, y, 24 ϵ = F/ 25 µ = H/ 26 D x, t = ϵ E x, t 27 B x, t = µ H x, t 28 3

6 2 23 E H E x, H x, t + µ t = t 29 H x, E x, t ϵ t = t 3 E x, t = 31 H x, t = F 33 = F 2 F 34 3 k H E E H k ϵ µ E x, t 2 t = ϵ µ H x, t 2 t = 36 c = 1/ ϵ µ c 299,792,458 /s 13 ϵ ϵ µ µ ϵ µ 4.2 σ E x, t = A E k, ωe i k x ωt 37 J = σ E A E k = 38 E A E k H H x, t = A H k, ωe i k x ωt 39 H H k E 4 3 k c = 1/ ϵ µ J *3 D/ t E x, t + µ H x, t = 42 t H x, t ϵ E x, t σe x, t t = 43 E x, t = 44 H x, t = 45 ϵ µ 42 *3 4

7 µσ ϵµ E x, t t 2 t = = 4 x E x t = E e ik ωt 48 k 46 4 k 2 = ϵµω 2 + iµσω 49 σ/ϵω 1 µσω k ±1 + i Skin Depth [µ] E x t E e µσω Frequency [GH] δ skin = 2 µσω /e.37 δ skin Skin depth 5 σ = 4.3 ϵ r ω = ϵ rω + iϵ r ω 53 µ r ω = µ rω + iµ r ω 54 ϵω = ϵ ϵ r ω 55 µω = µ µ r ω 56 5

8 ϵ r µ r 1 1 ϵ r µ r E x, t + B x, t = t 57 H x, t D x, t = t 58 D x, t = 59 E x, t = D x, t = H x, t = B x, t = B x, t = 6 dω E x, ω e iωt 61 dω D x, ω e iωt 62 dω H x, ω e iωt 63 dω B x, ω e iωt 64 E x, ω iω B x, ω = 65 H x, ω + iω D x, ω = 66 D x, ω = 67 B x, ω = 68 e iωt F = D x, ω = ϵω E x, ω 7 B x, ω = µω H x, ω 71 E HD B E x, ω iωµω H x, ω = 72 H x, ω + iωϵω E x, ω = kω 2 E x, ω = kω 2 H x, ω = 75 k kω = ±ω ϵωµω 76 = ± ω c ϵr ωµ r ω 77 = ± ω c ϵ r µ r ϵ r µ r + iϵ rµ r + ϵ r µ r x E x, ω = E x x, ω,, kω2 E x x, ω = 79 ω E x x, ωe iωt e ikω ωt 8 = e i{kω} ωt I{kω} 81 6

9 76 I{k} > e I{kω} I 1/I{k} 1/e.37 c ω c = 82 {kω} c = ϵr 83 ωµ r ω ε r 6 δ ε ε r ε r ϵ r δ ϵ µ r = 1 µ r = ϵ r > 1 ϵ r > kω = ω ϵ c r ω + iϵ r ω 84 = ω ϵ δϵω rω c cos δ ϵ ω ei 2 85 δ ϵ [, π/2 6 tan δ ϵ = ϵ r ϵ r 86 δ ϵ = δ ϵ δ ϵ 1 I{kω} = λ 2π 2 cos δ ϵ ω ϵ rω 1 cos δ ϵ ω 87 λ = 2πc /ω c = c ϵ r ω 2 cos δ ϵ ω 1 + cos δ ϵ ω 88 ϵ r TEM Transverse ElectroMagnetic ode TEM ω = t + 89 =,, 9 E = E t + E 91 E =,, E 92 H = H t + H 93 H =,, H

10 電場 磁場 7 WX77D 5 MH TEM xx E x, ω = H x, ω = 99 θ rr t E t x, ω = 1 E t x, ω iωµ Ht x, ω = 11 t H t x, ω = 12 H t x, ω + iωϵ Et x, ω = 13 yy 1 12 E t 8 r, θ, H t 8 r, θ, t E t x, ω iωµ H x, ω = 95 t E x, ω + E t x, ω iωµ Ht x, ω = 96 t H t x, ω + iωϵ E x, ω = 97 t H x, ω + H t x, ω +iωϵ Et x, ω = 98 E t = E r + E θ 14 H t = H r + H θ 15 E t E θ = 16 E r 1 r 17 8

11 H t H θ 1 r 18 H r = E r ω 2 + E c r = H θ ω 2 + H θ = 111 c e i ω c e i ω c e iωt TEM e i ω c TEM E r r,, t = ae 1 H θ r,, t = a r eiω c t ϵ µ E 1 r eiω c t E = t = r = a Z Z = V I 114 V I a b V E r V = b a dre r 115 = ae e iω c t ln b a r = r H θ I = 2πr H θ 117 = 2πa ϵ µ E e iω c t Z = 1 µ b ln 2π ϵ a 119 b/a WX77D a = 16.7 b = Z 5 Ω 12 5 Ω 75 Ω 5 Ω 75 Ω TEM 5.2 e γ E x, ω = E t x, y, ωe γ 121 H x, ω = H t x, y, ωe γ 122 γ

12 [ [ ω 2 t + γ 2 + c ω 2 t + γ 2 + c 2 ] 2 ] E t = 123 H t = xx aa yy bb iωϵ E t x iωϵ E t y iωµ H t x iωµ H t y = Ht y = γh t x = Et y = γe t x γh t y 125 Ht x 126 γe t y 127 Et x 128 [ ω 2 ϵ µ + γ 2] E t x [ ω 2 ϵ µ + γ 2] E t y H t = iωµ y +γ Et x H t = iωµ x +γ Et y [ ω 2 ϵ µ + γ 2] H t x = iωϵ E t y [ ω 2 ϵ µ + γ 2] H t y +γ Ht x E t = iωϵ x +γ Ht y TMTransverse Magnetic H = E = 9 x, y, a, b TETransverse Electric E = H / n = n < x < a < y < b TE E = TE 124 [ ] 2 ω 2 t + γ 2 + H t = 133 c H t H t H t x H t y πx x, y = Ht cos a = 134 x=,a = 135 y=,b cos nπy b 136 H t x = y = n n 1

13 π 2 nπ 2 2 ω γ = a b c γ ω c = π 2 n ϵ µ a b TE, n H t E t x E t y E t = iω nπ Ht ωc 2 ϵ b πx cos sin a = H t iω π ωc 2 ϵ a sin πx a cos nπy b nπy b = 141 H t x = ik π Ht ωc 2 ϵ µ a πx nπy sin cos 142 a b H t y = H t ik nπ ωc 2 ϵ µ b πx nπy cos sin 143 a b πx nπy x, y = Ht cos cos 144 a b k = γ i 2 ω = = ω c c π 2 nπ a b ω2 c ω e γ iωt = e ik ω k t 148 k = γ/i v p v p = ω k c 149 = 15 1 ω2 c ω 2 > c o 151 λ wg λ wg = 2π/k v p λ wg v p v e U e P { } P =,, U e v e 152 *4 U e P ωc 2 v e = c 1 ω 153 < c 154 v g v g = dω dk = dk dω ωc 2 = c ω < c 157 TE 1 1 *4 11

14 a 電場 xx b 磁場 oo c 表面電流 1 W-15 5 MH TE 1 a b c c = 1 n = TE 1 E x = 158 E y = H t i ωaµ πx sin e ik iωt 159 π a E = 16 H x = H t i ka πx π sin e ik iωt 161 a H y = 162 H = H t πx cos e ik iωt 163 a x- H x H 9 1b y x = a/2 1a E y x-y E y x = x = a 11 x θ λ 2 = a sin θ 164 v p = c / cos θ > c 165 v g = c cos θ < c 166 = c 1 sin 2 θ c = c af 11 f c 12

15 λ c v g f c = c 2a 169 λ c = 2a 17 a θ = 1c TE 1 12 TE 2 W-15 a = f c TE 1 = c MH 2a 171 f c TE 2 = c MH a MH W-15 TE 1 TE 2 a MH 11.4 GH F TM H = E = [ 2 r r r r 2 θ 2 ] 2 ω +γ 2 + E t = 173 c E t r = = 174 E t = rθθ rθθ 1 r [r 2 2 r 2 + r r }] 2 ω +r {γ r c Θθ = 176 Θθ θ2 r θ r, θ C r C θ [r r r 2 + r r }] 2 ω +r {γ r = C r 177 c 1 2 Θθ θ 2 Θθ = C θ 178 C r + C θ = e i C θ θ e i C θ θ Θθ + 2π = Θθ C θ = 2 Θπ/2 Θθ = cos θ [r 2 2 r 2 + r r } ] 2 ω +r {γ r = 181 c r J r = J αr ω α 2 = γ c 13

16 xx aa aa θ xx aa 電場 TE 1 モード y oo θ θ vv gg vv pp λ wg = λ / cosθ 11 TE 1 v p v g 電場 磁場 12 W-15 5 MH TE 2 14

17 a 同じ PHS b 13 a UHF 59 MH W b X 11.4 GH W a b PHS xx θ 14 rr yy r, θ, J n j n n α α = j n 183 γ 2 = jn ω 185 c γ ω > j n c 186 TM f c = c j n 2π 187 E t = E t J jn r cos θ H t = E t r = γ E t α 2 r E t θ = γ α 2 1 r E t θ H t r = iωϵ 1 α 2 r H t θ = iωϵ α 2 E t r E t θ TM E t r E t θ E t H t r H t θ = E t i kj jn j n r 2 k = E t i j n = E t J jn r = E t iωϵ = E t iωϵ j n j n cos θ 193 r J jn r sin θ 194 cos θ r J J jn jn r r sin θ 196 cos θ 197 H t = 198 e ik iωt k = γ i 2 ω = c jn TM

18 a 電場 b 磁場 MH TM 1 a b 198 = n = 1 E r = E t i kj j1 j 1 r e ik iωt 21 E θ = 22 E = E t J j1 r e ik iωt 23 H r = 24 H θ = E t iωϵ J j1 r e ik iωt 25 j 1 H = 26 1 j θ E E r 9 r θ 15 TM 1 * d = = d *5 Dielectric-loaded accelerating strcutre [2] 16

19 xx θ rr 16 dd yy f A + E + r = + A E r = = 219 A + E + r = d + A E r = d = 22 A + E + θ = + A E θ = = 221 A + E + θ = d + A E q = d = A + A = = E r = E θ = + TM E + r E + θ E + H + r H + θ = E t i kj jn j n 2 k = E t i j n = E t J jn = E t iωϵ = E t iωϵ r cos θe ik iωt 27 jn r sin θe ik iωt 28 r J r cos θe ik iωt 29 2 j n r J J j n jn jn r sin θe ik iωt 21 r cos θe ik iωt 211 H + = k k E r E θ E H r H θ = E t i = E t i = E t J = E t iωϵ = E t iωϵ j n j n jn kj jn r cos θe ik iωt k r J jn r sin θe ik iωt 214 r cos θe ik iωt j n r J jn r sin θe ik iωt 216 J jn r cos θe ik iωt 217 j n H = 218 e ikd e ikd = 2i sin kd = 224 p k = pπ d 225 2, n, p ω = c jn 2 pπ + d = ω np 227 = d d A + = A = TM E r = E t kj jn j n r cos θ sin nπ d e iωt 229 E θ = E t 2 k j n r J jn r sin θ sin nπ d e iωt 23 E = E t J jn r cos θ cos nπ d e iωt 231 H r = E t 2 iωϵ j n r J jn r sin θ cos nπ d e iωt 232 H θ = E t iωϵ J jn j n r cos θ cos nπ d e iωt 233 H =

20 + TM TE E = H / n = E r = E t iωµ j k 2 r J E θ = E t iωµ k 2 j n J n j r sin θ sin nπ d e iωt 235 n r cos θ sin nπ d e iωt 236 E = 237 H r = E t 1 pπ j n j k 2 d J n r cos θ cos pπ d e iωt 238 H θ = E t 1 pπ j k 2 d r J n r sin θ cos pπ d e iωt 239 j H = E t J n r cos θ sin pπ d e iωt 24 TE np TM np, n, p 2 = onopole = 1 dipole n rte E θ,h r TM E θ,e,h r p 17 TM TE *6 TM TM E r = 241 E θ = 242 E = E t J j1 r e iωt 243 H r = 244 H θ = E t ωϵ J j1 j 1 r e iωt π H = 246 ω = c j E H θ 2 θ E H θ *6 TM TE 18 r = 9 d *7 SuperKEKB F 59MH = c Q Quality factor Q Q Q Q UP wall *8 Q = ω U 248 P wall Q Q Q 19 = c d = 26. c Q TM 1 TM F 2 21 F F *7 TM 1 d *8 18

21 電場 : 磁場 : 17 19

22 Q Q Arbitrary Scale E Hθ j 1 r/ 18 TM 1 E H θ θ j Q P wall P ext 2 U du dt = P wall + P ext 249 Q Q ext Q ext = ω U P ext du 1 dt = ωu Q Q ext = ω Q L U 252 Q L Q Q 1 = Q L Q Q ext β β = Q Q ext 254 Q = Q L 1 + β 255 β = P ext /P wall = 1 P wall = P ext β 1 β < 1 β > 1 β Q [3] 252 U U = U e ω Q L t 256 E, H e ω 2Q t L 257 = e t T f 258 T f = 2Q L ω 259 Filling Tie T f 1/e MH F 59 MH TM 1 Q β 1.3 Filling tie T f 2π µs 261 2

23 Q /1 Q / Copper Pillbox with = c d = 26. c = ~ 4 n = 1 ~ 5 p = ~ 6,1, 1,1,,1,1 1,1,1 2,1, TM np Modes,2,,2,1,1,2 2,1,1 3,1, 1,1,2 3,1,1 1,2,,2,2 4,1, 2,1,2 1,2,1 4,1, Copper Pillbox with = c d = 26. c = ~ 4 n = 1 ~ 5 p = 1 ~ 6 1,1,1 2,1,1,1,1 3,1,1,3,,1,3 3,1,2 2,2, 1,1,3,3,1 2,2,1 1,2,2 4,1,2 1,3,1 3,1,3 1,3,,3,2 3,2,1 2,2,2,2,3 3,2, 2,1,3 esonance Frequency [GH] TE np Modes 1,1,2 4,1,1 1,2,1 2,1,2,1,2 3,1,2 2,2,1 4,1,2 1,2,2,2,1 3,1,3 1,3,1,1,3,2,2 2,1,3 2,2,2 3,2,1 1,1,3 1,2,3 4,2,1 4,1,3 3,2,2 4,2,,1,4 4,2,2,2,4 2,1,4,4,1 2,3,1,3,3 2,2,3,4, 2,3, 1,1,4 1,3,2 3,3, 1,3,3 1,2,4,4,2 2,3,2 3,2,3 3,1,4,3,3 4,3,1 2,3,3 1,4,2,2,4 2,2,4 3,3,2 4,2, ,1,3 4,2,1 3,2,2 1,2,3 4,2,2,2,3 2,2,3,3,1 2,3,1 1,3,2 4,1,4 3,3,1 1,4,,3,4,1,5 4,2,3 2,2,4 1,4,1 esonance Frequency [GH] 1,1,4 3,1,4 3,3,1,1,4,3,2 3,2,3 2,1,4 2,3,2 4,1,4 1,2,4 1,4,1 1,3,3 2,3,3 3,3,2 1,1,5,1,5 3,3,3 2,1,5 4,3,2 1,3,4 1,1,5 3,2,4,4,1 2,4, c 26. c Q IACS1% Ω µ = µ = H/ 21

24 導波管 空洞 Ch.1: eflected Wave fro the Cavity Ch.3: Control Voltage Modulator Ch.2: Input Wave to the Cavity Ch.4: Pickup Wave fro the Cavity 2 µs PP ext UU PP wall MH F Ch. 4 Eω 21 Q ΓΓ = ωω QQ LL 22 Ch. 4 8 µs 261 Filling tie ω 257 Et = E e ω 2Q L t e iω t Eω = 1 2π = E 2π = E 2π 262 dt Et e iωt 263 dt e ω 2Q +iω ω t L ω 2Q L iω ω ω 2Q L + ω ω 2 Eω ω 2Q L + ω ω 2 23 ω 23 Γ = ω Q L 267 Q L = d < + e> c ω 22

25 = = dd I V c f dd 24 φ = { V } V c c cosφ W 25 d W = d e {E,,, t + /c } 268 { } d = e d Ẽ,, e iωt +/c 269 = e {V c } 27 = e V c cos ϕ 271 V c = e iωt d d Ẽ,, e iω c e iω c Ẽ E t = t = ϕ = W V c ϕ = Ẽ r, Ẽ r, = dk Ẽ r, ke ik V c r = e iωt d dk k Ẽ r, k e i c ω 274 δ V c r = e iωt 2π dk Ẽ r, k δ k ωc 275 E r,, t = Ẽ r, e iωt 276 = dk Ẽ r, ke ik ωt t k 2 + ω2 c t V cr = e iωt 2π = e iωt 2π dk Ẽ r, k = 278 dk 2 t Ẽ r, k δ k ω c 279 k 2 ω2 c 2 Ẽ r, k δ k ωc 28 =

26 r V c r = V c 282 d II sh sh = V c 2 P wall 283 Q TM sh = V c 2 /2/P wall 283 β 1 P inp V c = sh P wall 284 sh P inp 285 TM σ µ P wall = 1 2 ωµ ds H σ 2σ sh = 2 ωµ 2σ = 2 ωµ = 4π dr rj 1 J 2 d de iω c 2 ds { c ϵ J j1 r} c2 sin 2 ω ω 2 2c d + c ds ϵ J j1 1 r σ 1 8 sin 2 ω ωµ ω 2 ϵ 2 2c d j1 r πdJ1 j 1 2 J = 1 J x = J 1 x 289 ω 2c d = π/2 d TM 1 d = c π ω d d 4 *9 TM Q sh Q Q sh = V c 2 Q ωu d Ẽ,, e iω c 2 = ωϵ 2 29 dv Ẽ x, y, P wall sh Q L Ẽ 2 Ẽ L 3/2 ω L 1 dv L 3 d L 291 L L sh Q sh Q *9 24

27 sh Q sh Q 1 2 Ω 291 sh Q sh Q II 7 I Finite Eleent Method 8.2 Boundary Eleent Method 8.3 Finite Difference Method 7 16 Finite-Difference Tie-Doain ethod: FDTD 8.4 Finite Integration Technique: FIT FIT FDTD FIT 25

28 9 E x, t + B x, t = t 292 H x, t D x, t = t 293 D x, t = 294 B x, t = 295 I 2 + kω 2 E x, ω = kω 2 H x, ω = Q I 266 t = t = t = t = t = t ax f f 1 t ax 298 Q = 3 β = 1 Q Q L = Q /2 = Γ 2 kh t ax 1/2 kh 5 N N Q * HFSS HFSS [5] FEM *1 Slater [4] V 26

29 1.2 CST STUDIO SUITE CST STUDIO SUITE [6] FIT Suite 1.3 GdfidL GdfidLGitter drüber, fertig ist die Laube [7] FDTD GdfidL PC PC GdfidL PC GdfidL Moving Mesh [8] CST STUDIO SUITE 26 CST STUDIO SUITE Modeling History List CST STUDIO SUITE VBA Visual Basic for Applications 27 With Brick.eset.Nae "solid1".coponent "coponent1".material "Vacuu".Xrange "", "1".Yrange "", "1".Zrange "", "1".Create End With History List VBA VBA 27

30 27 CST STUDIO SUITE 2 出力したいステップを選択 29 CST STUDIO SUITE CST STUDIO SUITE History List CST STUDIO SUITE VBA CST STUDIO SUITE GdfidL [9] History List CST STUDIO SUITE 29 3 CST STUDIO SUITE 11.3 Q CST STUDIO SUITE 3 12 CST STUDIO SUITE 28

31 W-9 矩形導波管内 TE 1 モード 銅の電気伝導率を持ったソリッド 電場の強さ WC-9 円形導波管内 TM 1 モード 12.7 電場ベクトル Frequency Doain Solver TE 1 I 1 TM 1 I 15 3 F 11.4 GH GH π π GH 31 π Q 9 Q π I Γ = ω 299 Q L 2π GH MH t ax MH 6.3 µs 33 ns a GH 31 CST STUDIO SUITE Tie Doain Solver Excitation Signals New Excitation Signal Signal Type User defined Edit VBA 31 29

32 Noralied Aplitude Aplitude [a.u] Charging Step 入力波 赤色 Maintaining Step 試験空洞内に励振されるモードの振幅 紫色 Tie [ns] 反射波 緑色 a b GH a a 33b π Filling tie Filing tie Q GH r=7 r= =-1 = = Q L = 9/2 = 45 I T f = 34 2π GH 125 ns 35 ns Eigenode Solver 5 MH 35 TM 1 36 TM 11 3

33 Q I 282 r = x 2 + y 2 36 V c r = > V c r = 7 = 1 = ζ W W ζ, r = ζ 1 d Ẽ r, e iω c 36 W 1, r = V c r W 37 ζ < 255 r = 7 r = r = r 38 5 V c r = < V c r = 7 39 r = r = 7 r = 7 r = OHO 17 tetsuo.abe@kek.jp [1] M. Dal Forno, et al.: rf breakdown easureents in electron bea driven 2 GH copper and copper-silver accelerating structures, Phys. ev. Accel. Beas, 19, 11, p [2] C. Jing, et al.: Experient on Multipactor Suppression in Dielectric-loaded Accelerating Structures with a Solenoid Field, Proceedings, 4th International Particle Accelerator Conference IPAC 213: Shanghai, China, May 12-17, 213, p. TUPEA [3] E. L. Ginton: Microwave Measureents, Ann Arbor, Michigan [4] J. C. Slater: Microwave Electronics, D. Van Nostrand 195. [5] [6] Overview.php. 31

34 モード MH モード MH モード MH モード MH 35 32

35 空洞領域 r=7 r= ζ [] 空洞領域 [7] [8] K. L. Bane and T. Weiland: Wake Force Coputation in the Tie Doain for Long Structures, Conf. Proc., C83811, pp [9] Manual.pdf. ζ [] r= r=7 r=7 r=

II Karel Švadlenka * [1] 1.1* 5 23 m d2 x dt 2 = cdx kx + mg dt. c, g, k, m 1.2* u = au + bv v = cu + dv v u a, b, c, d R

II Karel Švadlenka * [1] 1.1* 5 23 m d2 x dt 2 = cdx kx + mg dt. c, g, k, m 1.2* u = au + bv v = cu + dv v u a, b, c, d R II Karel Švadlenka 2018 5 26 * [1] 1.1* 5 23 m d2 x dt 2 = cdx kx + mg dt. c, g, k, m 1.2* 5 23 1 u = au + bv v = cu + dv v u a, b, c, d R 1.3 14 14 60% 1.4 5 23 a, b R a 2 4b < 0 λ 2 + aλ + b = 0 λ =

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