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IEA XXII 2 VTT P.O.Box 1604, FIN-02044 VTT, FINLAND +358 9 456 5005, +358 9 456 5000 2001 10

CO CO2 CVS DI DNPH ECE1 ECE2 EGR ELPI EN2000 FID 10 15 mode HC HPLC IDI LD LPI NOx PM RFD RFD / RME RME RME30 2,4 ECE15 1 2 ECE15 3 4 98 / 70 / EC 1 RME 30 RFD RME 30 EN2000

1 PM PM PM +23 PM PM 2 1 2001 5 2 2001 CNG IEA/AMF VTT Hannu Vesala 9-1-

2 2 1 IEA/AMF X 1 X 2 TDI EGR 1 IDI EGR 1999 98/70/EC EU2000 RME 30% EU2000 RME30 2 1 RFD RME 30% RFD RFD/RME EU2000 RME 1 2 1. TDI IDI 1996 1999 1.9 2 ( ) ( ) 66 55 EGR EGR 1 Aakko, P. & Nylund, N.-O. 1997, Characterization of new fuel qualities. Espoo. 77p. + app. 15p. (ENE24/21/97). 2 Aakko, P.et al. 2000, Emission Performance of Selected Biodiesel Fuels VTT s contribution. Espoo. 83p. app. 14p. (ENE5/33/2000). 10-2-

2. EU2000 RME 1 EU2000 RME SS 15 54 36 MK1 SS 15 54 35 +15 kg/m 3 838.5 870 890 800 820 ppm 306 10 max 10 51 min 50 +40 mm 2 /s 2.6 3.5 5 1.4 4.0-10 max -16* IP391 vol-% 21.4 max 5 IBP 187 min 180 95 vol-% max 285 FBP 361 * 3 3.1 3 70/220/EEC CO THC NOx 1 NOx 3.2 2,4 DNPH CVS DNPH HP 1050 UV Nova-Pak C18 13 2- m- 11-3-

3. / Froude Consine 1.0m DC 100kW Pierburg 12.5WT PDP- CO THC NOx CO 2 Pierburg AMA 2000 PM * Pierburg PS430 PM Pallflex TX40H120-WW φ47mm * 3.2 10 PM 1 10 15 2 3 1 ECE15 1 2 ECE 1 2 ECE15 3 4 ECE2 3 EUDC 10 15 10 15-7 10 15 4 4. ECE15 EUDC 10 15 s 780 400 660 km/h 18.9 62.6 22.7 % 35.4 0 31.4 km 4.052 6.955 4.16 1 24 12-4-

1. 2. 10 15 13-5-

3.2 1 3 5m 8.3mm 3mm 0.4 1.8 (ELPI) 0.4 28-7 2 1 30nm 12 13 28 NOx 14-6-

3. 50 4 NOx NOx 1 NOx 0 1 TDI 2 5 PM 6 TDI TDI 15-7-

4. 21154 5. TDI 2 6 16-8-

3.3 ELPI Dekati Ltd. ELPI ELPI ELPI 30nm 10 m PM VTT ELPI Dekati Ltd. 2000 8nm 15nm ELPI#2137 1 TEOM1400a 1 ELPI 1g/cm 3 ELPI 2.5 m ELPI 3.4 LPI Dekati Ltd. LPI #247 1 LPI 30nm 4 4.1-7 1 6 TDI 10 IDI 20 CO HC NOx 7 EU2000 ECE 1 2 EUDC 8 EU2000 17-9-

TDI IDI IDI TDI CO -7 +5 CO CO ECE 1 2 13 7 10 20 CO -7 3000ppm 1500ppm 10 EUDC EUDC CO CO RFD EU2000 RFD 30%RME CO -7 +5 8 10-7 THC ECE 1 2 13 TDI -7 20 500ppm 10 TDI RFD RFD/RME HC IDI RFD/RME -7 EU2000 HC NOx NOx EGR NOx 8 10 EUDC EUDC EGR EU2000 RME30 TDI NOx RFD RFD/RME IDI EU2000 NOx NOx 85 95% -7 +5 9 ECE 1 2 18-10-

+5-7 RME30 EU2000-7 RFD RFD/RME 6. TDI IDI EU2000 19-11-

7. TDI IDI CO HC NOx 20-12-

8. 3 TDI IDI CO HC NOx 21-13-

9. TDI IDI 22-14-

10. EU2000 CO HC NOx 23-15-

4.2 PM 11 12 TDI PM IDI PM PM TDI PM IDI PM 2 EU2000 EU2000 IDI PM EU2000 EUDC EU2000 3 EUDC IDI PM -7 12 RME30 EUDC PM EU2000 IDI EUDC EGR PM IDI TDI EU2000 PM TDI RME30 EU2000 24% TDI RFD 30% RFD/RME 40% PM IDI RME30 RFD RFD/RME PM EU2000 40 50% EU2000 +5-7 PM 24-16-

11. PM 12. EU2000 RME30 PM 400 PM 13 14 ELPI ELPI TDI PM PM 25-17-

IDI PM PM 2 13. TDI EU2000 RME30 ELPI 26-18-

14. IDI EU2000 ELPI LPI ECE 1 2 13 PM EUDC LPI PM 1 12 PM 15 LPI ECE 1 2 PM -7 TDI RME30 RFD/RME 27-19-

15. LPI PM ECE 1 2 0 780 13 ECE 1 2 16 17 EU2000 RME30-7 RFD RFD/RME LPI 30nm TDI/RME30 IDI/EU2000 IDI/RME30-7 30nm RFD RFD/RME 28-20-

16. EU2000 RME30 ECE 1 2 29-21-

17. RFD RFD/RME ECE 1 2 4.3 4.3.1-7 EU2000 RME30 18 19 EU2000 TDI -7 EU2000-7 RME30 TDI -7 EU2000 RME30 IDI TDI EU2000 IDI -7 EUDC RFD RFD 30% RME 20 30-22-

18. EU2000 RME30 TDI 31-23-

19. EU2000 RME30 IDI 32-24-

20. RFD/RME IDI 390 ECE 1 TDI IDI 2 21 22 TDI 60nm IDI TDI EU2000 RME30 TDI 60nm 1.6 m RFD RFD/RME EU2000 RFD RFD/RME TDI 60nm -7 RME30 IDI 60nm RME30-7 IDI 60nm -7 RME30 TDI +5 60nm -7 +5 RME30 IDI +5 60nm EU2000 +5 RME30 33-25-

21. TDI ECE 1 390 60nm 60nm 1.6µm 22. IDI ECE 1 390 60nm 60nm 1.6µm 4.3.2 ECE 1 ECE 1 21 22 TDI IDI IDI 34-26-

EU2000 TDI IDI 15nm RME30 TDI IDI 15nm RFD RFD/RME TDI IDI RFD RFD/RME RME30 0.1 m RME HC 35-27-

23. EU2000 RME30 ECE 1 36-28-

24. RFD RFD/RME ECE 1 EUDC TDI EU2000 RFD RFD/RME IDI EU2000 RME30 37-29-

25. EU2000 RME30 EUDC 38-30-

26. RFD RFD/RME EUDC TDI 27 IDI 27 15nm 70nm IDI IDI 39-31-

27. EU2000 TDI IDI 1 15nm 3 70nm 40-32-

5 10 15 10 15 TDI 140 IDI 120 28-7 20 30 28. 10 15 TDI IDI 41-33-

29 10 15 IDI PM IDI EUDC 13 29. -7 CO HC NOx PM 30 32 42-34-

30. 10 15 CO HC 43-35-

31. 10 15 NOx PM 10 15-7 -7 10 15 TDI IDI 44-36-

32. 10 15 10 15 2.8 33 34-7 ECE 1 4.3 10 15 45-37-

33. 10 15 2.8 TDI 46-38-

34. 10 15 2.8 IDI 47-39-