18 2 28 0244086
IC IC IC (MDA) 20% 60% i
1 1 2 4 2.1................. 4 2.2 UHF............. 9 2.2.1 315MH.......................... 10 2.2.2 433MH.......................... 13 2.2.3....................... 15 3 18 3.1....................... 19 3.1.1....................... 19 3.1.2.................... 20 3.2........................ 24 3.2.1...................... 24 3.2.2...................... 28 3.3................... 31 4 33 4.1................... 34 4.2................... 38 4.3............. 41 5 43 45 46 ii
1 RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) Bluetooth UWB(Ultra Wide Band) ZigBee 1.1 1.2 Transmission range Long Wireless LAN Bluetooth ZigBee RFID UWB Short Low Carrying capacity High 1.1: 1
Power consumption High Wireless LAN Bluetooth ZigBee UWB RFID Low Low Carrying capacity High 1.2: UWB LAN UWB LAN UWB UWB Bluetooth LAN ZigBee Bluetooth RFID UWB UWB LAN Bluetooth ZigBee 2.45GH 3m 1.3 2
10m Electrical field intensity[ V/m] 1000 100 10 500 V/m 35 V/m 322MH 500 V/m 150GH 1 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G 10G 100G 1000G Frequency[H] 1.3: 3m 2 480kH 315MH 433MH 480kH 3 315MH 433MH IC 3m 3 2 IC 4 3 5 3
2 480kH 315MH 433MH 480kH ISM(Industrial Scientific and Medical Band ) RFID 315MH 1.3 322MH 3m 500µV/m 322MH 10GH 35µV/m 433MH ISM ISM 2.1 480kH 4
2.1: Frequency Distance between transmitting and receiving antennas Output power 480kH 3m 20.86dBm 3m SG(Signal Generator) SG 480kH 20.86dBm ± 2.1 2.1 2.2 3m 50cm +20.86dBm 480kH T Antenna R Antenna Signal Generator Cable Spectrum Analyer 3m 2.1: ( ) 5
R Antenna (Loop) Spectrum Analyer 2.2: ( ) UZ-K1 6
380mm 340mm 15 0 ± 2.3 2.3: 10mm 9mm 100mm 5mm 3mm 50mm 0 0 ± 2.4 7
Large Small 2.4: 3 2.5 2.5 43.89 87.16 102.35 2.13 0[deg.] -20-40 -60 [dbm] Loop Antenna Bar Anntena(Large) Bar Anntena(Small) 2.5: 3m 8
2.2 UHF CMOS Chipcon UHF IC CC1000 CC1020 IC IC 2 IC RSSI(Recieving Signal Strength Indicator) / Chipcon ( ) Chipcon SmartRF Studio IC IC 50Ω 3 0 30 360 3m 20dBm 2.6 35dB 9
y T Board(-Plane) Rotater Standard dipole Cable Spectrum Analyer 2.6: ( y ) 2.2.1 315MH CC1000 2.7 CC1000 300MH 1000MH 315 433 868 915MH ISM/SRD(Short Range Device) CC1020 CC1000 2.2.1 2.2: CC1000 X-tal Frequency X-tal Accuracy 14.745600MH 20ppm RF Frequency 315.073886 Frequency Separation Data Rate Data Format RF Output Power Mode Distance between transmitting and receiving antennas 64kH 2.400kBaud Manchester -20dBm T 3m 10
y 2.7: CC1000 CC1000 3 2.8 2.9 50dBm 85dBm 35dB 11
0-70[dBm] 0-70[dBm] - - -110 y -110 y 180 [deg.] y-plane Vertical Polariation Horiontal Polariation 180 [deg.] y-plane 2.8: CC1000 3m 0 [dbm] -110 0 [dbm] -110-120 -130-120 -130-140 y -140 y 180 [deg.] y-plane 180 [deg.] y-plane Vertical Polariation(Open) Horiontal Polariation Vertical Polariation(Termination) Horiontal Polariation 2.9: CC1000 3m 12
2.2.2 433MH CC1020 2.10 CC1020 402MH 470MH 804MH 940MH CC1020 2.2.2 CC1020 3 2.11 2.12 56dBm 106dBm 50dB y 2.10: CC1020 13
2.3: CC1020 X-tal Frequency 14.745600MH X-tal Accuracy 5ppm RF Frequency 433.000000 Frequency Separation 4.950kH Data Rate 4.800kBaud Data Format NRZ(Non Return to Zero) RF Output Power -20dBm Channel Spacing 25kH Modulation FSK Mode T Pseudo Random Distance between transmitting and receiving antennas 3m 0-70[dBm] 0-70[dBm] - - -110 y -110 y 180 [deg.] y-plane Vertical Polariation Horiontal Polariation 180 [deg.] y-plane 2.11: CC1020 3m 14
0-120[dBm] 0-120[dBm] -130-130 -140 y -140 y 180 [deg.] y-plane Vertical Polariation(Open) Horiontal Polariation Vertical Polariation(Termination) Horiontal Polariation 180 [deg.] y-plane 2.12: CC1020 3m 2.2.3 LF 2.13 UHF?? 2.13 0.5m 3.0m LF 40dB 50dB 315MH 12dB 15dB 433MH 16.5dB 18.5dB LF UHF LF 3m UHF UHF 3m 15
120 100 Propagation loss[dbm] 80 60 40 20 0 1 2 3 Distance[m] Loop Anntena(Large Area) (Small Area) Large Bar Anntena(Large Area) (Small Area) Small Bar Anntena(Large Area) (Small Area) 2.13: 16
50 45 Propagation loss[dbm] 40 35 30 25 0 1 2 3 Distance[m] CC1000 Horiontal-polariation (y-plane) (y-plane) Vertical-polariation (y-plane) (y-plane) CC1020 Horiontal-polariation (y-plane) (y-plane) Vertical-polariation (y-plane) (y-plane) 2.14: 17
3 2 315MH p(w ) r(m) Em 3.1 p Em = (3.1) r 315MH 3m 500µV/m Em r 3m p 50nW 50nW 50nW 3m 500µV/m IC IC IC IC IC 3.1 CC1000 CC1000 3.2 CC1000 3.3 3.1 3.2 18
3.1 3.1.1 CC1000 315MH 3.1 y IC IC d 2.9 y 315MH 47.6cm 44.6cm CC1000 2.3m 105.6dBm 3.1 CC1000 2.2.1 y 3.1: 3.1.1 19
3.1: 3.1.1 Half-wave length 47.6cm Element length 44.6cm Direction of standard dipole Horiontal direction Distance between transmitting and receiving antenna 2.3m -95 Electrical field intensity(dbm) -105 0 10 20 30 40 d(mm) 3.2: 3.2 3cm 3.1.2 2.9 CC1000 20
3.3 3.2 3cm 3cm 3.1.1 y 30cm 20dBm 3.4 3.5 y y IC RFOUT y y y y L h C L=433mm h=30mm C=5mm 3.3: 21
y -63dBm(+17dBm) 3.4: (y ) y -57dBm(+36dBm) 3.5: ( ) 1m 10dBm 360 22
3.6 3.7 a b 0 23.63dBm y T Board 315MH 10dB Radiator Standard dipole Rotater 3cm 1m 3.6: 0-50 [dbm] -60-70 - 180[deg.] a b 3.7: ( ) 23
3.2 λ 2 λ 2 ( ) λ 2 λ 2 ( ) Radiator Reflector Director 3.8: 1m 10dBm 3.2.1 CC1000 24
3cm 3.9 y T Board Director Standard dipole Cable Spectrum Analyer Rotater 1m 3.9: 3.10 a b 25
0-70 [dbm] 0-70 [dbm] - - 180 [deg.] 47.6cm 0-70 [dbm] 180 [deg.] 47cm 0-70 [dbm] - - 180 46cm [deg.] a b 180 44cm [deg.] 3.10: 3cm 3cm 44cm 3.11 a b 26
-70 - [dbm] 0 180 [deg.] -70 - [dbm] 0 180 [deg.] -70 - [dbm] 0 180 [deg.] -70 - [dbm] 0 180 [deg.] +3cm +6cm +9cm +12cm b a 3.11: 44cm 27
3.2.2 CC1000 3cm 3.12 y T Board(-Plane) Reflector Rotater Standard dipole Cable Spectrum Analyer 3.12: 3.13 a b 28
0-70 [dbm] 0-70 [dbm] - - 180 [deg.] 48.6cm 0-70 [dbm] 180 [deg.] 47.6cm 0-70 [dbm] - - 180 47cm [deg.] a b 180 46cm [deg.] 3.13: 3cm 120 150 180 3cm 47.6cm 3.14 a b 29
0-70 [dbm] 0-70 [dbm] - - 180-3cm [deg.] 0-70 [dbm] 180-6cm [deg.] 0-70 [dbm] - - 180-9cm [deg.] a b 180-15cm [deg.] 3.14: 47.6cm 3cm 3cm 47.6cm 30
3.3 3.1 ( ) 3.2 3cm 47.6cm ( ) 3.15 3.16 a b c b y Reflector T Board Standard dipole Radiator Rotater 3cm 3cm 1m 3.15: 31
0-50 [dbm] -60-70 - 180[deg.] 3.16: a b c d 31.1dBm 7.51dBm 5.42dBm 13.38dBm 3.3 3.2: [dbm] FB [db] ( ) 0 0.46 23.47 0.45 9.3 0.05 5.5 4.81 31.2 16.93 32
4 3 (MDA) MDA 4.1 1 N N =6 N =0 b MDA MDA b a N 4.1: MDA(N =6) 3.1 3.2 MDA 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3cm 33
3.2 4.1 3.1 CC1000 (5.4cm 10.2cm) NEC2 NEC2 315MH MDA a =5.4cm b =10.2cm N 4.2 1 315MH 1.91dB 1400-15.2dB 1200 Resonant Frequency[MH] 1000 800 600 400-19.2-6.1-4 -3.3-2.6-2.23-2.02-1.91 200 0 2 4 6 8 N 4.2: 34
315MH N =8 MDA 4.1 MDA 315MH MDA 4.3 4.4 MDA 1 7 8 9 2 6 3 4 5 Feeding Point (1 9) 4.3: MDA 0 Amplitude[dB] -10-20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Number 4.4: 35
4.5 22dB NEC2 MDA 4.6 CC1000 4.7 a b c 10.2cm 5.4cm y y 1mm 3cm 4.5: 4.1 MDA 36
4.6: MDA 0-50 [dbm] -60-70 - 180[deg.] 4.7: a b c 10.85dBm 12.62dBm NEC2 37
4.2 3.2 3.1 MDA y a y b 3.2 (47.6cm) NEC2 300MH 3cm 300MH NEC2 300MH 4.8 a b 4.8: 300MH a b b a b 4.9 38
-76 Electrical field intensity[dbm] -78-82 9.81 30.6 19.5 41.7 52.2 60.4 67 71.1-84 100 200 300 400 500 b[mm] 4.9: b a = 125(mm) b = 250(mm) 300MH 41.7+0.49j 315MH 49.29 + 53.42j 3cm 300MH 315MH 50Ω MDA y 315MH 50Ω N =6 b b = 274mm y a =50mm 58% MDA 4.10 4.11 39
L m2 a m1 0.5a L a m1 m2 274mm 50mm 5.0mm 9.0mm 4.10: 4.11: CC1000 3cm 4.12 a b c 0-50 [dbm] -60-70 - 180[deg.] 4.12: 40 a b c
F/B 3.51dB F/B 4.81dB 71.1 41.93 4.3 4.1 4.2 CC1000 4.13 a b c d 4.14 a b c 0-50 [dbm] -60-70 - 180[deg.] 4.13: a b c d 41
0-50 [dbm] -60-70 - 180[deg.] 4.14: a b c 16.87dBm 4.12dBm 13.38dBm 4.3 4.1: [dbm] FB [db] ( ) 0 0.46 23.47 0.45 10.85 0.74 5.5 4.81 7.85 3.51 31.2 16.93 10.85 4.83 42
5 315MH CC1000 CC1000 50Ω CC1000 IC RFOUT 23.63dBm 3cm 5.44dBm 31.1dBm 13.38dBm MDA 10.85dBm 7.79dBm 16.87dBm 43
44
KDDI 45
[1] / pp.258-265 October 1999. [2] IC CC1020 pp.203-211 Novenber 2005. [3] :CQ, 1978.10. [4] RCS2005-19 May 2005. [5] B-II Vol.J80-B-II No.12 pp.1044-1049 December 1997. [6] B-II Vol.J81-B-I I No.2 pp.183-184 Febrary 1998. [7], 4 1 B Vol.J86-B No.9 pp.1777-1785 September 2003. [8], IC RF UWB ZigBee,, 2005. [9] 1996 46